The Convention on International Civil Aviation ANNEX 10
The Convention on International Civil Aviation ANNEX 10 ANNEX 10to the Convention on
International Civil Aviation
Aeronautical Telecommunications
(Volumes I, II, III, IV and V)
Three of the most complex and essential elements of international civil aviation are aeronautical communications,
navigation and surveillance. These elements are covered by Annex 10 to the Convention.
Annex 10 is divided into five volumes:
Volume I — Radio Navigation Aids
Volume II — Communications Procedures including those with PANS status
Volume III — Communication Systems
Part 1 — Digital Data Communication Systems
Part 2 — Voice Communication Systems
Volume IV — Surveillance Radar and Collision Avoidance Systems
Volume V — Aeronautical Radio Frequency Spectrum Utilization
The five volumes of this Annex contain Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs), Procedures for Air Navigation
Services (PANS) and guidance material on aeronautical communication, navigation and surveillance systems.
Volume I of Annex 10 is a technical document which defines for international aircraft operations the systems necessary
to provide radio navigation aids used by aircraft in all phases of flight. The SARPs and guidance material of this volume
list essential parameter specifications for radio navigation aids such as the global navigation satellite system (GNSS),
instrument landing system (ILS), microwave landing system (MLS), very high frequency (VHF) omnidirectional radio
range (VOR), non-directional radio beacon (NDB) and distance measuring equipment (DME). The inＦＯＲＭation
contained in this volume includes aspects of power requirements, frequency, modulation, signal characteristics and
monitoring needed to ensure that suitably equipped aircraft will be able to receive navigation signals in all parts of the
world with the requisite degree of reliability.
Volumes II and III cover two general categories of voice and data communications that serve international civil aviation.
They are the ground-ground communication between points on the ground and the air-ground communication between
aircraft and points on the ground. The air-ground communication provides aircraft with all necessary inＦＯＲＭation to
conduct flights in safety, using both voice and data. An important element of the ground-ground communication is the
aeronautical fixed telecommunications network (AFTN), a worldwide network organized to meet the specific
requirements of international civil aviation. Within the AFTN category, all significant ground points, which include
airports, air traffic control centres, meteorological offices and the like, are joined by appropriate links designed to serve
aircraft throughout all phases of flight. Messages originated at any point on the network are routed as a matter of routine
to all points required for the safe conduct of flight.
In Volume II of Annex 10, general, administrative and operational procedures pertaining to aeronautical fixed and
mobile communications are presented.
Volume III of Annex 10 contains SARPs and guidance material for various air-ground and ground-ground voice and
data communication systems, including aeronautical telecommunication network (ATN), aeronautical mobile-satellite
service (AMSS), secondary surveillance radar (SSR) Mode S air-ground data link, very high frequency (VHF) air ground digital link (VDL), aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN), aircraft addressing system, high
frequency data link (HFDL), aeronautical mobile service, selective calling system (SELCAL), aeronautical speech
circuits and emergency locator transmitter (ELT).
Volume IV of Annex 10 contains SARPs and guidance material for secondary surveillance radar (SSR) and airborne
collision avoidance systems (ACAS), including SARPs for SSR Mode A, Mode C and Mode S, and the technical
characteristics of ACAS.
In Volume V of Annex 10, SARPs and guidance material on the utilization of aeronautical frequencies are defined. The
International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has set up a framework in which the demands for radio spectrum from
individual States are balanced with the interests of different radio service users to produce a planned radio environment
incorporating interference-free, effective and efficient radio spectrum use. Volume V contains inＦＯＲＭation on the
assignment planning of individual aeronautical radio stations operating or planned to operate in different frequency
bands.
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