禽流感常用英语词汇
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">World Health Organization (WHO)联合国世界卫生组织<BR>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)美国国家疾病控制与预防中心<BR>Beijing municipal animal epidemic prevention centre 北京市动物流行病防治中心 <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">bird flu / avian flu / avian influenza / fowl plague / 禽流感，又称真性鸡瘟、欧洲鸡瘟<BR>outbreak 爆发<BR>suspected cases 疑似疫情<BR>confirmed cases 诊断疫情<BR>test positive 检测为阳性<BR>highly pathogenic suspected cases高致病性禽流感疫区<BR>poultry farms 家禽农场<BR>disease-affected areas 疾病感染地区<BR>disposal of animal wastes 动物粪便的处理<BR>disinfection 消毒<BR>inactive virus 非活性病毒<BR>circulate 传播,流传<BR>contagious 接触传染性的<BR>outbreak 爆发<BR>vaccinate 注射疫苗<BR>influenza pandemic 流感流行 <BR>infection 传染病<BR>virulent 剧毒的;致命的<BR>strain (身心的)紧张状态<BR>populous 人口众多的,人口稠密的<BR>trigger 触发,引起<BR>respiratory symptom 呼吸道症状<BR>human-to-human transmission 人与人之间的传染<BR>within-family transmission 家庭成员间的传染<BR>pathogen 病原体<BR>mortality rate 死亡率<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">fever 感冒<BR>cough 咳嗽<BR>sore throat 喉咙疼痛发炎 <BR>pneumonia肺炎<BR>acute respiratory distress 急性的呼吸道疾病<BR>viral pneumonia 病毒性肺炎<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">紫外线<SPAN lang=EN-US> ultraviolet radiation<BR>消毒剂 disinfectants<BR>防护服 protective clothing，masks of N95-type<BR>扑杀（动物） cull，stamp out, destroy<BR>兽体 carcasses<BR>带病毒的(动物)粪便 contaminated manure/droppings/faeces<BR>机械性传媒 mechanical vectors<BR>自然宿主 natural reservoir (of bird flu viruses)<BR>抗传染 resistant to infection<BR>流感流行 influenza pandemic<BR>禽传人 birds-to-human transmission<BR>人传人 human-to-human transmission, person-to-person transmission<BR>人患禽流感 human cases of bird flu<BR>世界卫生组织全球流感监测网络 WHO Global Influenza Surveillance Network<BR>网络实验室 network laboratories<BR>H5N1类禽流感 H5N1 strain<BR>预防措施 pre-emptive measures/preventative measures<BR>有与其它流感病毒交换基因的倾向 to have the propensity to exchange genes with influenza viruses from other species.<BR>现有的疫苗 currently available vaccines, existing vaccines<BR>注射疫苗 vaccinate<BR>(病毒)分离 isolate<BR>原型病毒 prototype virus<BR>正粘病毒 Orthomyxo Virus<BR>哺乳动物病毒mammalian virus<BR>流感病毒属Influenza Virus<BR>原型疫苗 prototype vaccine<BR>H5N1原型病毒 H5N1prototype virus<BR>储存疫苗 stockpiling vaccines<BR>突然发病 sudden onset<BR>引发流感流行 trigging an influenza pandemic<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">病毒突变<SPAN lang=EN-US> mutate，virus mutation<BR>基因交换 gene swapping<BR>基因重组 genetic recombination<BR>基因易变 genetically labile<BR>宿主的防御能力host defense<BR>（基因）复制错误 replication errors<BR>基因修复 gene repair<BR>抗原变体antigenic variant<BR>抗原变异 antigenic variation<BR>抗原飘移 antigenic drift<BR>抗原位移 antigenic shift<BR>从病毒中获取遗传物质 scrambling/acquiring genetic materials from human and avian viruses<BR>“混合器” “mixing vessel”<BR>流感的亚型 influenza subtype<BR>自然免疫力 natural immunity<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">禽流感常用生化术语词汇</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">hemagglutinin </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">血凝素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">Neuraminidase </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">神经氨酸酶</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">Nucleoprotein </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">核蛋白</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">Nonstructural Protein </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">非结构蛋白</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">Matrix Protein </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基质蛋白</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">world organization for animal health (OIE) </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">国际兽医组织</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">HPAIV </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高致病性禽流感病毒</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">LPAIV </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">低致病性禽流感病毒</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">NPAIV </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">无致病性禽流感病毒</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">seasonal epidemics </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">季节性流行病</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>avian influenza/ bird flu </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">禽流感</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>high pathogenicity </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高致病性</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza/HPAI </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高致病性禽流感</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>migratory waterfowl </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">迁徙性的水禽</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>shore birds </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岸禽</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>poultry </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">家禽</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>prophylactic measures </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">防病措施</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>rapid bedside tests </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">快速病房试验</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">antiviral drugs </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抗病毒药物</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>Tamiflu</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 泰米弗氯</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> (</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">瑞士罗氏制药公司研制的抗流感药物</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">)<BR>M2 inhibitors</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">M2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抑制剂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">amantadine </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金刚</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">烷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">胺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三环癸胺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抗病毒药</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">)<BR>rimantadine </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金刚烷乙胺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">neuralminidase inhibitors </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">神经氨</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">糖</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">酸苷酶</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">唾液酸苷酶</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">zanimivir </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">扎那米韦（葛兰素史克生产的抗流感药物）能迅速破坏流感病毒传染性的化学物品：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">organic solvent </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有机溶剂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>aether </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">乙醚</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">chloroform </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氯仿</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">acetone </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">丙酮</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>formalin </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">福尔马林</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>oxidant </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氧化剂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">diluted acid </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">稀酸</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>deoxysodium cholate </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">去氧胆酸钠</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>hydroxylamine </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">羟胺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>lauryl sodium sulfate </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">十二烷基硫酸钠</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">ammonium ion </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">铵离子</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">halogen compounds </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">卤素化合物</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>bleaching powder </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">漂白粉</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>idodine </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">碘剂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>heavy metal ion </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">重金属离子</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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