葡萄酒类专业英汉词汇
<FONT face=Verdana>葡萄酒专业词汇<BR>第一部分 葡萄酒分类<BR>Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒 <BR>Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒 <BR>Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒 <BR>Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒 <BR>Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒 <BR>Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒 <BR>Still wine:静止葡萄酒 <BR>Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒 <BR>Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产) <BR>Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒 <BR>Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒 <BR>Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒 <BR>Brut wine:天然葡萄酒 <BR>Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒 <BR>Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒 <BR>Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒 <BR>Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒 <BR>Champagne:香槟酒 <BR>Vermouth:味美思 <BR>Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒 <BR>Mistelle:密甜尔 <BR>Wine Cooler:清爽酒 <BR>Cider:苹果酒 <BR>Brandy:白兰地 <BR>Fruit brandy:水果白兰地 <BR>Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地 <BR>Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地 <BR>Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒 <BR>Gin:金酒(杜松子酒) <BR>Rum:朗姆酒 <BR>Cocktail:鸡尾酒 <BR>Vodka:伏特加 <BR>Whisky:威士忌 <BR>Spirit:酒精,烈酒 <BR>Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法) <BR>Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法) <BR>Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙) <BR>Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙) <BR>BDX:波尔多红酒 <BR>第二部分 酿酒微生物 <BR>Yeast:酵母 <BR>Wild yeast:野生酵母 <BR>Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮 <BR>Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母 <BR>Bacteria:细菌 <BR>Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌 <BR>Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌 <BR>Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌 <BR>Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母 <BR>第三部分 生理生化过程 <BR>Transpiration:蒸腾作用 <BR>Evaporation:蒸发 <BR>Photosynthesis:光合作用 <BR>Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应 <BR>Veraison:转色期 <BR>Saturation:饱和 <BR>Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵 <BR>Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞 <BR>Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵 <BR>Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵 <BR>Heterofermentation:异型发酵 <BR>Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵 <BR>Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵 <BR>Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法 <BR>Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵 <BR>Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵 <BR>Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法 <BR>Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法 <BR>Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法 <BR>Charmat method:罐式香槟法 <BR>Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变 <BR>Acetification:酸败 <BR>Ageing:陈酿 <BR>Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿 <BR>Esterify:酯化 <BR>Saccharify:糖化 <BR>Liquefy: 溶解、液化 <BR>Bottle ageing:瓶内陈酿 <BR>Amelioration:原料改良 <BR>Chaptalization:加糖 <BR>Distillation:蒸馏 <BR>Fractional Distillation:分馏 <BR>Rectification:精馏 <BR>Clarification:澄清 <BR>第四部分 葡萄酒酿酒辅料 <BR>Betonite:膨润土(皂土) <BR>Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土 <BR>Capsule:胶帽 <BR>Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔 <BR>Pigment:颜料、色素 <BR>Casein:酪蛋白 <BR>Pectin:果胶酶 <BR>Silica gel:硅胶 <BR>Gelatin:明胶 <BR>Isinglass:鱼胶 <BR>Egg white:蛋清 <BR>Albumen:蛋白 <BR>Blood powder:血粉 <BR>第五部分 理化指标 <BR>Total acid:总酸 <BR>Titrable acid:滴定酸 <BR>Residul sugar:残糖 <BR>Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳 <BR>Sugar-free extract:干浸出物 <BR>Volatile acid:挥发酸 <BR>Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫 <BR>Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫 <BR>Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫 <BR>Copper(Cu):铜 <BR>Iron(Fe):铁 <BR>Potassium:钾(K) <BR>Calcium(Ca):钙 <BR>Sodium(Na):钠</FONT> <FONT face=Verdana>第六部分 物质名词 <BR>Methanol:甲醇 <BR>High Alcohol:高级醇 <BR>Polyalcohol:多元醇 <BR>Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯 <BR>Flavonol:黄酮醇 <BR>Glycine:甘油 <BR>Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙 <BR>Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素 <BR>Butanol:丁醇 <BR>Isobutanol:正丁醇 <BR>Gastric Acid:胃酸 <BR>Propanone:丙酮 <BR>Acetic Acid:乙酸 <BR>Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸 <BR>Phospholipids:磷脂 <BR>Amino Acid:氨基酸 <BR>Fatty Acid:脂肪酸 <BR>Carbonic Acid:碳酸 <BR>Carbohydrate:碳水化合物 <BR>Fixed Acid:固定酸 <BR>Tartaric Acid:酒石酸 <BR>Malic Acid:苹果酸 <BR>Citric Acid:柠檬酸 <BR>Lactic Acid:乳酸 <BR>Succinic Acid:琥珀酸 <BR>Sorbic acid:山梨酸 <BR>Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸 <BR>Benzyl acid:苯甲酸 <BR>Gallic acid:没食子酸 <BR>Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸 <BR>Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸 <BR>Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖 <BR>Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖 <BR>Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖 <BR>Polysaccharides:水解多糖 <BR>Starch :淀粉 <BR>Amylase:淀粉酶 <BR>Foam:泡沫 <BR>Protein:蛋白质 <BR>Mercaptan:硫醇 <BR>Thiamine:硫胺(VB1) <BR>Ammonium Salt:铵盐 <BR>Melanoidinen:类黑精 <BR>Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇 <BR>Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜 <BR>Copper sulphate:硫酸铜 <BR>Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢 <BR>Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶) <BR>Catechins:儿茶酚 <BR>Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值 <BR>Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应 <BR>Volatile Phenols:挥发性酚 <BR>Vanillan:香子兰 <BR>Vanillin:香草醛,香兰素 <BR>Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇 <BR>Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇 <BR>Pyranic acid:丙酮酸 <BR>Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛 <BR>Eugenol:丁香酚 <BR>Guaiacol:愈创木酚 <BR>Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物 <BR>Cellulose:纤维素 <BR>Hemicellulose:半纤维素 <BR>Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶 <BR>Maltol:落叶松皮素 <BR>Oak Lactone:橡木内酯 <BR>Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁 <BR>Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁 <BR>Proanthocyanidin:原花色素 <BR>Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性 <BR>Lagic Acid:鞣花酸 <BR>Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮 <BR>Oxido-reduction Potential:氧化还原电位 <BR>Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚 <BR>Poly-phenols:多酚 <BR>PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮 <BR>Anthocyanin:花青素 <BR>Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇 <BR>Invert Sugar 转化糖 <BR>Oxygen:氧气 <BR>Ester:酯类物质 <BR>Nitrogen:氮气 <BR>Aroma:果香 <BR>Virus:病毒 <BR>Bacteriophage:噬菌体 <BR>Body:酒体 <BR>Byproduct:副产物 <BR>Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾 <BR>Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾 <BR>Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵 <BR>Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾 <BR>Tannin:单宁 <BR>Oak tannins:橡木丹宁 <BR>Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁 <BR>Desired tannins:优质单宁 <BR>Enzyme:酶 <BR>Laccase:漆酶 <BR>Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶 <BR>β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶 <BR>β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶 <BR>Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白 <BR>Lees:酒泥 <BR>Chateau:酒庄 <BR>Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒 <BR>Hygiene:卫生 <BR>Activated carbon:活性碳 <BR>Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干 <BR>Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子 <BR>第七部分:设备 <BR>Filtrate(filtration):过滤 <BR>Two-way Pump:双向泵 <BR>Screw Pump:螺杆泵 <BR>Centrifuge:离心机 <BR>Distillation:蒸馏 <BR>Heat Exchanger:热交换器 <BR>Crusher:破碎机 <BR>Destemer:除梗机 <BR>Presser:压榨机 <BR>Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机 <BR>Screw Presser:连续压榨机 <BR>Filter:过滤机 <BR>Bottling Line:灌装线 <BR>Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机) <BR>Vacuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机) <BR>Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机) <BR>Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机) <BR>Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机) <BR>Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机) <BR>Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机) <BR>Rotary Machine:转瓶机 <BR>Pomace Draining:出渣 <BR>Blending:调配 <BR>Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚) <BR>Decanting:倒灌(瓶) <BR>Remuage:吐渣 <BR>Fining:下胶 <BR>Deacidification:降酸 <BR>Pump over:循环 <BR>Skin Contact:浸皮(渍) <BR>Mix colors:调色 <BR>Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法 <BR>Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法 <BR>Stabilization:稳定性 <BR>Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶) <BR>Headspace:顶空 <BR>NTU:浊度 <BR>Receiving bin:接收槽 <BR>Corkscrew:开瓶器 <BR>Distilling Column:蒸馏塔 <BR>Condenser:冷凝器 <BR>Heat Exchanger:热交换器 <BR>Cork:软木塞 <BR>Cellar:酒窖 <BR>Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室 <BR>Optical Density(OD):光密度 <BR>Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖 <BR>Blanket:隔氧层 <BR>Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法 <BR>第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药 <BR>Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃 <BR>Graft:嫁接苗 <BR>Scion:接穗 <BR>Seedling:自根苗 <BR>Disease:病害 <BR>Botrytis:灰霉病 <BR>Downy Mildew:霜霉病 <BR>Powdery Mildew:白粉病 <BR>Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病 <BR>Anthracnose:炭疽病 <BR>Mild Powder:灰腐病 <BR>Black Rotten:黑腐病 <BR>Noble rot:贵腐病 <BR>Pearls:皮尔斯病 <BR>Phylloxera:根瘤蚜 <BR>Nematode:线虫 <BR>Bird Damage:鸟害 <BR>Pest:昆虫 <BR>Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂 <BR>Nursery:营养钵 <BR>Herbicide:除草剂 <BR>Pesticide:杀虫剂 <BR>Fungicide:真菌剂 <BR>Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液 <BR>Microclimate:微气候 <BR>Variety:品种 <BR>Cluster:果穗 <BR>Rachis:穗轴 <BR>Scion:接穗 <BR>Rootstock:砧木 <BR>Grafting:嫁接 <BR>第九部分: 学科名词 <BR>Enology:葡萄酒酿造学 <BR>Pomology:果树学 <BR>Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法 <BR>Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造 <BR>Ampelography:葡萄品种学 <BR>Viniculture:葡萄栽培学 <BR>Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学 <BR>Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师 <BR>Vintage:年份 <BR>Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物) <BR>MOG(material other than grapes):杂物 <BR>Terpene:萜烯 <BR>Terpenol:萜烯醇 <BR>第十部分 葡萄酒等级 <BR>法国: <BR>A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒 <BR>V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒 <BR>V.D.P:地区餐酒 <BR>V.D.T:日常餐酒</FONT> <PRE><FONT face=Verdana>第十一部分 葡萄分类及部分品种 <BR>一、葡萄分类 <BR>Vitaceae:葡萄科 <BR>Vine:葡萄树 <BR>American Vine:美洲种葡萄 <BR>Franco-american:欧美杂交种 <BR>Hybrid:杂交品种 <BR>Wild Grape(Vine):野生葡萄 <BR>Cultivar:栽培品种 <BR>Wine Grape:酿酒葡萄 <BR>Table Grape:鲜食葡萄 <BR>Seedless Grape:无核(籽)葡萄 <BR>Grape(Vine) Variety:葡萄品种 <BR>二、红葡萄品种: <BR>Cabernet Sauvignon(France):赤霞珠 <BR>Cabernet Franc(France):品丽珠 <BR>Cabernet Gernischt(France) :蛇龙珠 <BR>Carignan:佳利酿 <BR>Sinsaut(France) :神索 <BR>Gamay(France) :佳美 <BR>Grenache(Spain) :歌海娜 <BR>Merlot(France) :梅鹿辄 <BR>Petit Verdot (France) :味尔多 <BR>Pinot Noir(France) :黑比诺 <BR>Ruby Cabernet(America) :宝石解百纳 <BR>Sangiovese(Italy) :桑娇维塞 <BR>Syrah(France) :西拉 <BR>Zinfandel(America) :增芳德 <BR>Muscat Hamburg:玫瑰香 <BR>Saperavi(Former Soviet Union):晚红蜜 <BR>三、白葡萄品种: <BR>Aligote(France) :阿里高特 <BR>Chardonney(France) :霞多丽 <BR>Chenin Blanc(France) :白诗南 <BR>Traminer(Germany) :琼瑶浆 <BR>Italian Riesling:贵人香 <BR>Grey Risling:灰雷司令 <BR>White Riesling(Germany) :白雷司令 <BR>Muller-Thurgau(germany) :米勒 <BR>Muscat Blanc:白麝香 <BR>Pinot Blanc(France:)白品乐 <BR>Sauvignon Blanc(France) :长相思 <BR>Selillon(France) :赛美蓉 <BR>Silvaner(Germany) :西万尼 <BR>Ugni Blanc(France) :白玉霓 <BR>Folle Blanche(France) :白福尔 <BR>Colombard(France) :鸽笼白 <BR>Long Yan(China,Changcheng):龙眼 <BR>Rkatsiteli (Former Soviet Union):白羽 <BR>四、染色品种: <BR>Alicante Bouschet(France) :紫北塞 <BR>Yan 73(China,Changyu) :烟73 <BR>Yan 74(China,Changyu) :烟74 <BR>第十二部分 葡萄酒品尝 <BR>Taste:品尝 <BR>Clarity:清澈、透明 <BR>Transparent:透明的 <BR>Sensation;感觉 <BR>Bitter Flavors:苦味 <BR>Off-flavor, Off-smell, Odour:异味 <BR>Stemmy:果梗味 <BR>Reduction Smell:还原味 <BR>Oxidative Smell:氧化味 <BR>Harmony:协调性 <BR>Odour:气味 <BR>Olfactory:嗅觉的 <BR>Scent:植物香气 <BR>Aroma:果香 <BR>Bouquet:酒香 <BR>Body:酒体 <BR>Perception:感觉 <BR>Amber:琥珀色的 <BR>Ruby:宝石红色 <BR>Tawny:黄褐色 <BR>Violet:紫罗兰色 <BR>Pink:紫红色 <BR>Brown:褐色的 <BR>Round:圆润的 <BR>Full:完整的、丰满的 <BR>Harmonious:协调的 <BR>Supple:柔顺的 <BR>Soft:柔软的 <BR>Smooth:平滑的 <BR>Mellower:醇美的 <BR>Lively:充满活力的 <BR>Rich:饱满的,馥郁的 <BR>Fine:细腻的 <BR>Fresh:清新的 <BR>Well-balanced:平衡良好的 <BR>Subtle: 微妙的, 精细的 <BR>Velvety:柔软的、温和的、柔顺的 <BR>Fragrant:芳香的、香气幽雅的 <BR>Flowery:花香的 <BR>Syrupy:美妙的、甜美的 <BR>Mellow:甘美的、圆润的、松软的 <BR>Luscious:甘美的、芬芳的 <BR>Tranquil:恬静的 <BR>Spicy:辛辣的 <BR>Tart:尖酸的 <BR>Harsh,Hard:粗糙的 <BR>Lighter:清淡的、轻盈的 <BR>Thin:单薄的 <BR>Flat:平淡的 <BR>Unbalanced:不平衡的 <BR>Spoiled,Unsound:败坏的 <BR>Fuller:浓郁的 <BR>Vinous:酒香的 <BR>Coarse:粗糙的、粗劣的 <BR>Piquant:开胃的、辛辣的 <BR>Tart:尖酸的、刻薄的 <BR>Astringent:收敛的、苦涩的 <BR>Conflict:不和谐的 <BR>Stale:走味的,沉滞的 <BR>Dull:呆滞的、无活力的 <BR>Sulphur Taste:硫味 <BR>Hydrogen Sulphide odour:硫化氢味 <BR>Taste of Lees:酒泥味 <BR>Mousiness:鼠臭味 <BR>Corked Taste,Corkiness,Corky:木塞味 <BR>ouldy Taste,Musty Taste:霉味 <BR>Cooked Taste:老化味 <BR>Resinous:树脂味 <BR>Casky (Woody )Taste:橡木味,木味 <BR>Smoke Taste:烟熏味 <BR>Metallic Flavour:金属味 <BR>Earthy Taste:泥土味 <BR>Herbaceous Taste:青草味 <BR>After Taste:后味 <BR>第十三部分 葡萄酒欣赏与服务 <BR>Wine Bar:酒吧 <BR>Sommelier:斟酒服务员 <BR>Label:酒标 <BR>Water Jar:斟酒壶 <BR>Wine Funnel:斟酒漏斗 <BR>Decanter:细颈玻璃壶 <BR>Beverage:饮料 <BR>Soft Drink:软饮料 <BR>Tumbler:大酒杯、酒桶 <BR>Palate:味觉、鉴赏力 <BR>Bouquet:香味 <BR>Ice-Bucket:冰桶 <BR>Fruity:果味的 <BR>Subside:沉淀物 <BR>第十四部分 葡萄酒营养物质名词 <BR>Nutrition:营养素 <BR>Free Amino Nitrogen(FAN) :游离氨基酸氮 <BR>Sterol:甾醇 <BR>Vitamin:维生素 <BR>Tocopherol:VE,生育酚 <BR>Thiamine:VB1,硫胺素 <BR>Flavin:黄素 <BR>Riboflavin:VB2,核黄素 <BR>Nicotinic Acid:烟酸 <BR>第十五部分 葡萄酒分析 <BR>Determination:检测 <BR>Titration:滴定 <BR>Dilute:稀释 <BR>Litmus Paper:石蕊试纸 <BR>Reagent:试剂 <BR>Goggle:护目镜 <BR>Flask:烧瓶 <BR>Beaker:烧杯(带倾口) <BR>Distilled Water:蒸馏水 <BR>Hydrometer:液体比重计 <BR>Refractometer:手持糖量仪 <BR>High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC):高效液相色谱 <BR>Paper Chromatography:纸层析法 <BR>Specific Gravity:比重 <BR>Sodium Hydroxide:氢氧化钠(NaOH) <BR>Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate:邻苯二甲酸氢钾 <BR>Phenolphthalein:酚酞 <BR>Pipette:移液管 <BR>Erlenmeyer Flask:锥形烧瓶 <BR>Activated Charcoal:活性碳 <BR>Whatman Filter Paper:沃特曼滤纸 <BR>PH-meter:PH计 <BR>Titration End-point:滴定终点 <BR>Buffer Solution:缓冲液 <BR>Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate:酒石酸氢钾 <BR>Calibrate:校准 <BR>Electrode:电极 <BR>Starch Indicator:淀粉指示剂 <BR>Sulphuric Acid:硫酸 <BR>Pyrex Beaker:耐热烧杯 <BR>Potassium Iodide:碘化钾(KI) <BR>Sodium Thiosulphate:硫代硫酸钠(NaS2SO3) <BR>Hydrogen Peroxide:过氧化氢(H2O2) <BR>Orthophosphoric Acid:正磷酸 <BR>Methyl-red:甲基红 <BR>Ebullioscope(Ebullimeter):酒精计 <BR>Thermometer:温度计 <BR>Pycnometer:比重瓶 <BR>Formic Acid:甲酸(蚁酸) <BR>Sodium Formate:甲酸钠 <BR>Bromophenol Blue:溴酚蓝 <BR>Agar Plating:琼脂平板培养基 <BR>Chocolate Agar:巧克力琼脂 <BR>Corn Meal Agar:玉米粉琼脂 <BR>Egg Albumin Agar:卵蛋白琼脂 <BR>Glycerin Agar:甘油琼脂 <BR>Malt Agar:麦芽汁琼脂(培养基) <BR>Nutrient Agar:营养琼脂 <BR>Plain Agar:普通琼脂 <BR>Starch Agar:淀粉琼脂 <BR>Potato-dextrose Agar(P.D.A):土豆-葡萄糖培养基 <BR>Autoclave:高压锅,灭菌锅 <BR>Petri Dishes:灭菌盘 <BR>Low-magnification Microscope:低倍显微镜 <BR>Micro-loop:接种环 <BR>Micro-needle:接种针 <BR>Alcohol Lamp:酒精灯 <BR>第十六部分 葡萄酒病害 <BR>Copper Casse:铜破败病 <BR>Ferric Casse:铁破败病 <BR>Proteinic Casse:蛋白质破败病 <BR>Blue Casse:蓝色破败病 <BR>White Casse:白色破败病 <BR>Oxidasic Casse:氧化酶破败病 <BR>Micobial Disease:细菌病害 <BR>Mannitic Disease:甘露醇病</FONT></PRE>
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