RMIT飞行训练课件－Spinning
<P>Spinning</P><P>**** Hidden Message *****</P> RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 1<BR>SPINNING<BR>Aim: To understand the principles of spinning, a condition of stalled flight, and how to<BR>recover from a fully - developed spin.<BR>Application: Used whilst conducting aerobatics.<BR>Revision:<BR> Stalled Aerofoil<BR> Symptoms<BR>----<BR>Definitions:<BR> Spin<BR>- A spin is a condition of flight where the aircraft performs a spiral descent.<BR>Occurs because on wing stalls before the other.<BR>Brief 10<BR>RMIT Flight Training Spinning<BR>RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 2<BR>Principles:<BR>A spin occurs as a result of uncoordinated, uncorrected stall. Therefore spinning is<BR>associated with low airspeeds.<BR>If the stalled aircraft yaws, one wing travels faster, creating more lift. This results in a<BR>roll. The falling wing would have an increased AoA, thus becoming more deeply<BR>stalled.<BR>A result of this would be an increase in drag, which causes a yaw in the direction of<BR>the roll. More yaw causes more roll and the aircraft is in motion about all three axes.<BR>The aircraft is: - stalled<BR>- rolling<BR>- yawing<BR>- pitching<BR>- slipping<BR>- rapidly losing altitude at a low airspeed<BR>Brief 10<BR>RMIT Flight Training Spinning<BR>RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 3<BR>Considerations:<BR> Two Types of Spin<BR>Flat Spin: Steep Spin:<BR>- Higher nose attitude<BR>- Increased drag<BR>- Decreased rotation<BR>- Reduced rate of descent<BR>- Low nose attitude<BR>- Higher rotation<BR>- Increased rate of descent<BR> Centre of Gravity<BR>- Rearward CoG encourages nose up pitch, giving a flatter spin, and<BR>difficulty in recovering. Forward CoG normally results in a steeper spin.<BR> Autorotation<BR>- Occurs during the incipient (initial) stage of the spin.<BR>Two main features:<BR>1. Autoroll<BR>- the more deeply the dropping wing stalls, the more the aircraft wants<BR>to roll into the direction of the spin.<BR>2. Autoyaw<BR>- dropping wing will generate more drag, yawing the aircraft into the<BR>spin.<BR>Brief 10<BR>RMIT Flight Training Spinning<BR>RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 4<BR> Spin v. Spiral Dive (not to be confused!)<BR>Spin associated with<BR>- low IAS (stalled)<BR>- high rotation rate<BR>- low noise level<BR>- possible buffet<BR>Spiral Dive associated with<BR>- high and increasing IAS<BR>- high noise level<BR>Air Exercise:<BR> Entry<BR>- Pick reference point<BR>- Manoeuvre checks:<BR>Height sufficient to recover by 3000ft.<BR>Hatches/Harnesses secure.<BR>Engine Temperature & Pressure.<BR>Location - not above populated area.<BR>Loose articles secure.<BR>Lookout (360 turn).<BR>- Reduce power to idle (maintain altitude).<BR>- When stall occurs, apply full rudder in desired direction and aft control<BR>column.<BR> During<BR>- Count three rotations<BR> Recovery<BR>- Apply full opposite rudder to stop rotation<BR>- Ease control column forward to unstall wings<BR>- Level wings and ease out of dive<BR>- As nose passes horizon, climb away.<BR>Airmanship:<BR>- Lookout<BR>- Pre-manoeuvre checks<BR>- Do not use aileron to pick up wing drop<BR>- Speed and manoeuvre limitations not to be exceeded<BR>- Smooth coordinated use of controls<BR>- Correct handover/ takeover procedure<BR>- UNINTENTIONAL STALL OR SPIN SHOULD NEVER OCCUR!<BR>Brief 10<BR>RMIT Flight TTrraaiinniinngg SteSeppinTnuirnngs
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