The Aircraft Type Certification Process Its application to systems

航空发表于 2010-8-10 13:54:54

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Phases of Type Certification Joachim Bargmann, Airbus Certification Manager Electrical Systems, EAA Issue: 17-04-07 The Aircraft Type Certification Process Its application to systems © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 2 Table of Content - Background - Phase 0 – Feasibility - Phase 1 – Application for TC / Organisation Establishment - Phase 2 – Familiarisation / TC Basis Preparation - Phase 3 – Means of Compliance / Certification Plan Establishment & Agreement - Phase 4 – Final Phase - Key Messages © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 3 Background Type Certification is: The process demonstrating that the design of a new type or derivative aircraft complies with the applicable aviation requirements Type Certification is required by Law (laid down in ICAO Annex 8, EASA Basic regulation & Part 21) © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 4 Applicable Aviation Requirements • Airworthiness requirements: - basically JAR-25 at chg 15 * / FAR Part 25 amdt 1-98 Large Aeroplanes Examples for ATA24: © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 5 The Type Certification Process 0. Feasibility Study 3. Establish the MOC and Certification Plans 1. Application and establishing the Organisation 2. Familiarisation / Establish Certification Basis 4. Compliance Demonstration / Final phase Type Certificate © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 6 Flow Chart of TC process - Phase 0 Activities initiated Application prepared Develop new A/C Type Certification Process EASA & FAA Activities * Airbus is currently switching from Milestones to Maturity Gates in program development (such being already under deployement for A350) * © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 7 Flow Chart of TC process - Phase 1 Nomination of EASA & FAA team EASA & FAA Familiarization Meeting EASA & FAA procedures & agreements started Airbus Initial Certification Plan Certification Milestones defined EASA & FAA Activities © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 8 Phase 2: Architecture of the Electrical System © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 9 Phase 2: Architecture EPGDS / Equipment Location RAT VFG TRU BAT APU Gens Emergency Power Centre Secondary Power Centre Primary Power Centre TRU ABTRU BAT © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 10 Flow Chart of TC process - Phase 2 EASA & FAA Activities EASA & FAA Panel meetings, 1st meeting detailed familiarization Non-EASA & non-FAA coordination meetings, if needed EASA & FAA Type Board Meetings Certification Basis proposal set-up Certification Basis update Certification Plan updates © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 11 The Type Certification process Phase 2 - Familiarisation & TC Basis preparation Type Certification Basis Set of applicable requirements under which the aircraft is certified: • Date of application freezes the JAR 25 / FAR 25 amendment for which the aircraft needs to be compliant 􀀗“Reference Date”; EASA & FAA may have different reference dates • Type Certification must be achieved within 5 years of the reference date, unless specifically determined by the authorities (IR21.17) 􀀗If this is not achieved, EASA or FAA may require compliance with further rule amendments. • Certification Basis is not a Design Specification, nor a Safety Policy Handbook 􀀗Responsible aircraft manufacturers have to deal with all three items and the envelope of the three sets of requirements • Agreed certification basis is the applicable requirement plus …… 􀀗Special Condition: new or modified regulations due to e.g. new technologies, resolution of an unsafe condition 􀀗Exemption (FAA) / Deviation (EASA): regulation substantiated not applicable 􀀗Elect to comply: regulation under draft but not in the existing code (risk mitigation 􀀗Reversion: (derivative only) previous regulation version used © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 12 Example of CRI Special Condition, not directly ATA24 responsibility Interpretative Material © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 13 Flow Chart of TC process - Phase 3 Certification Basis update EASA & FAA Activities EASA (with FAA as agreed) Panel Meetings FAA declares validation items and finalizes delegation to EASA EASA & FAA Type Board Meetings Certification Basis update Work on approved documentation starts © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 14 The Type Certification process / Phase 3 - Agreement on Means of Compliance and Certification Plans For each technical discipline, a detailed certification plan is prepared for discussion with the Aviation Authorities specialists to obtain their agreement This certification plan must contain: • a general description of the design/characteristics/features relevant for the considered discipline (for example for a system: the architecture, main functions, operation) • a list of all relevant requirements and interpretative material from the initial certification basis • the proposed Means of Compliance (MOC) associated to each requirement • the list of Certification Documents to be produced to demonstrate compliance with applicable requirements • the proposed compliance demonstration methods, the list and description of the major Certification tasks with associated planning (in particular : laboratory, flight, simulator or bench tests…), and the compliance demonstrations to be witnessed by the AA and those to be approved under manufacturers DOA privileges © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 15 Phase 3 - MoC The Means of Compliance for each Rule Paragraph and ATA Chapter must be agreed upon at the start of the final Certification process © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 16 Flow Chart of TC process - Phase 4 EASA & FAA Activities FAA Review of non-delegated items EASA Final TBM FAA final TBM Issue of EASA TC Issue of FAA TC Certification Basis update © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 17 The Type Certification Process Phase 4 - Compliance Demo - Final Phase • Compliance Demonstration Phase (FAA involvement only for retained items): Equipment Qualification, Simulations, Lab/Gnd/Flight Tests/AA Witnessing, Inspection etc. Frame Actuator Uplock Turbine Gearbox Strut & drive shaft Generator BEIGE (Electrical Generation Test Facility) Iron Bird RAT © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 18 Design Organisation Approval (Part 21, Subpart J) • Prerequisite for TC • Organisational structure • Responsibilities • Procedures • Resources • Independent monitoring of organisation • Independent checking of product compliance DESIGN ASSURANCE SYSTEM DESIGN ORGANISATION MANUAL EASA INVESTIGATION Design Organisation Approval © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 19 Design Organisation Approval (Part 21, Subpart J) ORGANISATION PRIVILEGES • Issuance of certification documents for type certification and major changes without systematic EASA verification • Classification of changes, repairs and unintentional manufacturing deviations (concessions) as minor or major • Approval of minor changes, minor and major repairs and concessions • Issuance of information or instructions stating that the technical content is approved under the authority of the DOA Design Organisation Approval © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 20 Type Certification vs. Type Validation • By law, the manufacturer must obtain a Type Certificate (TC) from its state of design • “Type Certification” 􀀗EASA has this responsibility for all European states 􀀗EASA is the “primary authority” • To export the aircraft, each foreign state must validate the Type Certificate issued by the Primary Authority (EASA) 􀀗“Type Certification Validation” 􀀗All foreign authorities, including FAA, are validating authorities 􀀗Scope of Validation depends on the authority - Influencing factors: aviation industry, economic impact, industrial partner - FAA certification is performed more & more concurrently with EASA • Ensures basic aircraft architecture complies with both sets of regulations © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 21 Type Certificate © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 22 Type Certification - Key messages • Certification is an integral part of the program with defined deliverables for the program and for the Authorities • Early identification and resolution strategy for certification issues is essential • Some certification requirements may evolve through Authority discussions until late in the process, although best efforts are made to fix the majority of requirements at Component Level Design Completion • Good communication between involved parties is essential © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 23 Abbreviations AA Aviation Authorities ACC Airbus Certification Committee ACJ Advisory Circular Joint ACMT Aircraft Component Management Team AE Airworthiness Engineer AFM Aircraft Flight Manual ALI Airworthiness Limitations Item ALS Airworthiness Limitation Section AMC Acceptable Means of Compliance AMJ Advisory Material Joint AMM Aircraft Maintenance Manual AP Airbus Procedure ARP Aerospace Recommended Practice ATA Air Transport Association of America AWO All Weather Operations CAE Chief Airworthiness Engineer CC Certification Coordinator CE Chief Engineer CEH Complex Electronic Hardware CG Centre of Gravity CM Certification Manager CMR Certification Maintenance Requirements CoC Centre of Competence CRI Certification Review Item CS Certification Specification DDP Declaration of Design & Performance DCS Designated Certification Specialist DGAC Direction Générale de l’Aviation Civile DOA Design Organisation Approval DOM Design Organisation Manual EASA European Aviation Safety Agency EIS Entry Into Service ELA Electrical Load Analysis ESF Equivalent Safety Finding ETC Elect To Comply EU European Union EX Exemption FAA Federal Aviation Administration FAR Federal Aviation Regulation FCOM Flight Crew Operating Manual GM Guidance Material ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation IP Issue Paper IR Implemented Rules JAA Joint Aviation Authorities JAR Joint Aviation Requirements MMEL Minimum Master Equipment List MOC Means of Compliance MPD Maintenance Planning Document MRB Maintenance Review Board MRBR Maintenance Review Board Report NPA Notice of Proposed Amendment NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking OPS Operations PCM Project Certification Manager SC Special Condition SCE Showing Compliance Engineer SDD System Description Document SSA System Safety Assessment SRM Structure Repair Manual SW Software TBM Type Board Meeting TC Type Certification TCDS Type Certification Data Sheet TCM Type Certification Manager TSM Trouble Shooting Manual WBM Weight and Balance Manual © AIRBUS All rights reserved Confidential and proprietary document Ref.: EAA_L24PR0702285_v3 Issue: 17 Apr '07 Page 24 © AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document. This document and all information contained herein is the sole property of AIRBUS S.A.S.. No intellectual property rights are granted by the delivery of this document or the disclosure of its content. This document shall not be reproduced or disclosed to a third party without the express written consent of AIRBUS S.A.S. This document and its content shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied. The statements made herein do not constitute an offer. They are based on the mentioned assumptions and are expressed in good faith. Where the supporting grounds for these statements are not shown, AIRBUS S.A.S. will be pleased to explain the basis thereof. AIRBUS, its logo, A300, A310, A318, A319, A320, A321, A330, A340, A350, A380, A400M are registered trademarks.

yangy2397 发表于 2010-12-16 10:44:38

<H1>The Aircraft Type Certification Process Its application to systems </H1>

bocome 发表于 2011-7-31 06:31:53

The Aircraft Type Certification Process Its application to systems

DONGZHANG 发表于 2011-11-23 16:59:15

:(The Aircraft Type Certification Process Its application to systems

liujunwei3980 发表于 2014-1-27 16:59:04

thanks a lot

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The Aircraft Type Certification Process Its application to systems