RNAV and Required Navigation Navigation Overview and Roadmap

航空发表于 2010-8-21 23:46:02

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航空发表于 2010-8-21 23:46:36

China ATMB GNSS Seminar 0 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 0 Performance-Based Navigation: Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance (RNP): Overview and Roadmap Federal Aviation Administration Presentation to: China ATMB GNSS Seminar, Beijing Name: Dan Hanlon Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Organization Representative Asia Pacific Date: 17 April 2007 China ATMB GNSS Seminar 1 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 1 Briefing Topics • Evolution to Performance Based Navigation • Definitions 􀂾 Area Navigation (RNAV) 􀂾 Required Navigation Performance (RNP) • PBN in the Larger Airspace System Context • ICAO’s Performance Based Navigation Activities • Planning for PBN: • Implementation Principles • Developing a Roadmap • General Implementation Considerations • Summary China ATMB GNSS Seminar 2 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 2 Optimized Use of Airspace “curved” paths Seamless Vertical Path Narrow Obstacle Clearance Areas RNP Evolution to Performance-Based Navigation Limited Design Flexibility Conventional Routes Current Ground NAVAIDs Waypoints RNAV Increased Airspace Efficiency China ATMB GNSS Seminar 3 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 3 Definition of Area Navigation (RNAV) • RNAV - a method of navigation enabling aircraft to fly on any desired flight path 􀂃 within the coverage of referenced NAVAIDS, or 􀂃 within the limits of the capability of self-contained systems, or 􀂃 a combination of these capabilities • RNAV operations achieve safety through a combined use of 􀂃 aircraft navigation accuracy, 􀂃 air traffic control intervention 􀂾 via surveillance, communications 􀂃 route separation RRNNAAVV 104 137 65 China ATMB GNSS Seminar 4 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 4 • RNP is RNAV operations with the added feature of on-board navigation performance monitoring and alerting • RNP has the potential to allow lessened reliance on air traffic control intervention and/or route separation to achieve the overall safety of the operation RRNNPP 104 137 65 Definition of Required Navigation Performance (RNP) China ATMB GNSS Seminar 5 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 5 Strategic Objectives: What Do We Need to Achieve? Safety? Capacity? Efficiency? Environment? Access? The Larger Context of PBN (1) China ATMB GNSS Seminar 6 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 6 The Larger Context of PBN (2) COM NAV SURV ATM RNAV RNP PBN China ATMB GNSS Seminar 7 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 7 ICAO RNP Study Group • ICAO formed the RNP Special Operations Requirements Study Group (RNP Study Group) in December 2003 to address the many confusing usages of RNP and RNAV terms and concepts 􀂃 Members include Australia, Brazil, Canada, EUROCONTROL, France, Japan, United Kingdom, United States, IATA, ICCAIA, IFALPA • RNP Study Group seeks global harmonization covering standards and terminology 􀂃 Revised concept known as Performance Based Navigation Concept (PBN); includes definitions of RNAV and RNP • Group revised ICAO Doc 9613, RNP Manual 􀂃 Renamed Performance-Based Navigation Manual China ATMB GNSS Seminar 8 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 8 ICAO: Basic Elements of PBN Implementation (RNAV or RNP) NAVIGATION APPLICATION = Air Traffic System Airspace, NAVIGATION Routes and Instrument Procedures SPECIFICATION + Airworthiness and Operator Requirements NAVAID INFRASTRUCTURE GNSS? DME/DME? DME/DME/IRU? China ATMB GNSS Seminar 9 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 9 ICAO Standardized Navigation Specifications Performance Based Navigation Concept RNP 4 RNP 2 Basic RNP 1 RNP APCH RNP AR APCH RNP (Future Requirements) Navigation Specifications WITH Performance Monitoring and Alerting: RNP Revised ICAO Document 9613, Manual for Performance Based Navigation RNAV-10 (will maintain current RNP-10 designation) RNAV 5 RNAV 2 RNAV 1 Navigation Specifications WITHOUT Performance Monitoring and Alerting: RNAV NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION China ATMB GNSS Seminar 10 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 10 Performance-Based Navigation In All Phases of Flight “Snapshot” of Current Continental Implementations RNAV 1 Departures RNAV 5 Routes RNAV 2 Routes RNAV 1 Arrivals RNP Approach (i.e. RNAV (GPS) RNP Auth Req’d Approaches China ATMB GNSS Seminar 11 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 11 RNP Approach with Authorization Required (RNP AR) Key Features R R 2 RNP 2 RNP 2 RNP 2 RNP STEP 2: Locate Turn Center STEP 1: Segment Initial Fix a=R b=R+(2xRNP) c=R-(2xRNP) Segment Terminating Fix STEP 3 STEP 4 STEP 5 a b c Tangent Points Tangent Points Apply para 2-2 Radius to Fix (RF) for Curved Paths Vertical Error Budget & Guided Missed Approach Narrow Segments Narrow lateral linear segments (RNP-0.3 or less with no secondary buffers) Curved segments anywhere along the approach (Radius-to-fix legs with shorter leg lengths) Guided, narrower turns on missed approaches (Radius-to-fix legs, and RNP-1 or less) Performance-based Vertical Buffers (Vertical Error Budget ) China ATMB GNSS Seminar 12 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 12 Possible Applications for RNP Approach with Authorization Required – RNP (AR*) Approach minimums lower than existing minima Increased arrival and departure rates for adjacent airports involved Arrival capacity gains up to 50% over single runway operations Arrival capacity gains up to 60% over single runway operations Single Runway Access Adjacent Airport Operations Converging Operations Parallel Operations 36 31 9 *US term: SAAAR – Special Aircraft and Aircrew Authorization Required 750’ - <5000’ Airport A Airport B 36L 36R Conventional RNP China ATMB GNSS Seminar 13 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 13 Key ICAO Guidance for Performance Based Navigation • Document 9613 Manual for Performance Based Navigation 􀂃 Draft Publication available now 􀂃 Volume 1 – Concepts and Implementation Guidance 􀂃 Volume II – Implementing RNAV and RNP Applications 􀂾 Includes detailed Navigation Specifications with airworthiness and operator guidance • Procedure Design Guidance 􀂃 Document 8168 Vol II – Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Operations (PANS OPS) 􀂾 Routes, RNAV approaches 􀂃 RNP Approach with Authorization Required 􀂾 Initial, stand-alone procedure design Manual for RNP (AR) 􀂾 Eventually to be incorporated into Doc 8168 􀂾 Associated airworthiness and operator requirements (“AR”) in Doc 9613 Vol II, Navigation Specification for RNP AR Approach 􀂾 Same guidance as contained in FAA Order 8260.52 and Advisory Circular 90-101 China ATMB GNSS Seminar 14 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 14 RNP AR Approach Example: Palm Springs, CA (KPSP) Minima 2300 (1900) -3 Minima 734 (300) - 1 • Replaces nonprecision approach into a valley with mountainous terrain • Safety enhanced, with guided, stabilized 3D path to runway • Minima lowered by 1600 ft & 2 miles China ATMB GNSS Seminar 15 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 15 Implementation Principles • Implement cost-effective PBN to produce measurable improvements in 􀂃 Flight safety 􀂃 system capacity 􀂃 operational efficiency 􀂃 new or improved airport and airspace access • Achieve aviation community collaboration and consensus on priorities and standards 􀂃 FAA Roadmap for Performance Based Navigation • Leverage existing investments in 􀂃 Aircraft operations and capabilities 􀂃 Navigation infrastructure 􀂃 Procedures http://www.faa.gov/ats/atp/rnp/rnav.htm China ATMB GNSS Seminar 16 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 16 What is a Roadmap? • A document developed by aviation stakeholders 􀂃 Regulators 􀂃 Air traffic service providers 􀂃 Users (air carriers, business aviation, military general aviation) 􀂃 Equipment manufacturers 􀂃 US - Performance Based Operations Aviation Rulemaking Committee (PARC) • A Roadmap can: 􀂃 Define operational goals and concepts 􀂃 Identify steps and milestones to achieve those goals 􀂃 Identify any technical and/or policy issues that need to be addressed 􀂃 Outline any critical decisions that will need to be made along the way 􀂃 Level of detail in a Roadmap varies, based on needs 􀂃 Doesn’t need to be very long China ATMB GNSS Seminar 17 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 17 Why Develop a Roadmap? • To give all aviation stakeholders a common understanding of 􀂃 Where the system is headed 􀂾 Operational concepts and goals 􀂾 Key decisions to make along the way 􀂃 Why it is headed there 􀂾 Expected benefits 􀂃 The speed it is headed there 􀂾 Steps, milestones, timelines or phases • So that they can make their necessary decisions to implement performance-based navigation. Examples 􀂃 Regulations (airworthiness, operator approvals, air traffic procedures) 􀂃 Equipment purchases (carriers – install GPS? Single FMS/ Dual FMS?) 􀂃 Training 􀂃 Maintenance Example: FAA- Roadmap 2006 Update Summary China ATMB GNSS Seminar 19 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 19 Procedure Design Flight Plans (Aircraft Suffix) Mixed Operations Automation ATC Implementation Considerations for PBN Ops Concepts Phraseology Charting Human Factors Safety Metrics Training Flight Management System (FMS) Variances Procedure Design Criteria Equipage/Capability Database Integrity Aircraft China ATMB GNSS Seminar 20 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 20 The Key to Successful RNAV and RNP Implementation Flight Standards: 􀀹 Requirements for Operators 􀀹 Criteria for Procedure Designs 􀀹Database Integrity Aircraft Certification: 􀀹 Airworthiness Air Traffic: 􀀹 Route/procedure location for traffic flow? 􀀹 Separation supported by selected Navigation Specification? 􀀹 Radar or non-Radar? 􀀹“Mixed equipage” challenges? 􀀹 Controller expectations? Air Traffic Service Provider and Regulator Agency MUST work together and with Industry China ATMB GNSS Seminar 21 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 21 Example of Collaboration on Implementation: FAA Regional Airspace and Procedures Teams (RAPTs) • FAA Order 8260.43A, Flight Procedures Management Program • RAPT Members (FAA) 􀂃 Flight Procedures Office or a designated representative (Chairperson) 􀂃 Air Traffic Facilities (Airspace and Operations) 􀂃 Flight Standards 􀂃 Airport authority • RAPTs also have industry and other Government agency participants 􀂾 Air Carriers, General Aviation, military, state/local aviation organizations, others as needed 􀂾 Meet regularly to adequately address specific flight procedure design and implementation requests and issues 􀂃 Core RAPT members meet more frequently to assure progress of flight procedure requests • Each Region’s RAPT is the FAA’s KEY design and implementation body for PBN routes and procedures in their area of responsibility China ATMB GNSS Seminar 22 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 22 Summary • Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) can provide airspace capacity, efficiency, safety and access benefits 􀂃 Navigation does not “stand alone” – must consider all aspects of CNS/ATM to achieve an Airspace Plan (Concept) • ICAO has revised Document 9613 (new title Manual for Performance Based Navigation) 􀂃 Standardized Navigation Specifications • Air Traffic and Regulator Agencies must work together and with aviation stakeholders in order to 􀂃 Develop PBN implementations priorities and strategies 􀂾 “Roadmap” 􀂃 Successfully implement specific PBN routes and procedures China ATMB GNSS Seminar 23 Beijing 17 April 2007 Federal Aviation Administration 23 Please visit the FAA’s RNAV & RNP website at: http://www.faa.gov/ats/atp/ rnp/rnav.htm Thank you

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RNAV and Required Navigation Navigation Overview and Roadmap

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