AIRCRAFT GROUND DEICING/ANTI-ICING 飞机地面除防冰
**** Hidden Message ***** AIRCRAFT GROUND<BR>DEICING/ANTI-ICING<BR>Jeanne Cook - Bankair<BR>135.227<BR>(b) No certificate holder may authorize an airplane to take off<BR>and no pilot may take off an airplane any time conditions<BR>are such that frost, ice, or snow may reasonably be<BR>expected to adhere to the airplane unless the pilot has<BR>completed all applicable training as required by<BR>§135.341 and unless one of the following requirements<BR>is met:<BR>(1) A pre-takeoff contamination check, that has been<BR>established by the certificate holder and approved<BR>by the Administrator for the specific airplane type,<BR>has been completed within 5 minutes prior to<BR>beginning takeoff. A pre-takeoff contamination<BR>check is a check to make sure the wings and<BR>control surfaces are free of frost, ice, or snow.<BR>(2) The certificate holder has an approved alternative<BR>procedure and under that procedure the airplane is<BR>determined to be free of frost, ice, or snow.<BR>(3) The certificate holder has an approved deicing/antiicing<BR>program that complies with §121.629(c) of this<BR>chapter and the takeoff complies with that program.<BR>PRECONTAMINATION CHECK<BR>OR<BR>ALTERNATE PROCEDURE<BR>5 MINUTES<BR>FAA TYPE III Holdover Time Guideline<BR>Table 3. FAA Guidelines for Holdover Times SAE Type III<BR>Fluid Mixture as a Function of Weather Conditions and<BR>OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE.<BR>CAUTION: THIS TABLE IS FOR DEPARTURE<BR>PLANNING ONLY AND SHOULD BE USED IN<BR>CONJUNCTION WITH PRETAKEOFF CHECK<BR>PROCEDURES.<BR>SAE Type III fluid may be used below -10C (14F), provided the freezing point of the fluid is at least 7C (13F) below OAT and aerodynamic acceptance criteria are met.<BR>Consider the use of SAE Type I when Type III fluid cannot be used.<BR>CAUTION:<BR>No holdover time<BR>2:00 0:20 - 0:40 0:30 - 0:35 0:15 - 0:30 0:08 - 0:15 guidelines exist<BR>below 100/0<BR>14<BR>below<BR>-10<BR>1:00 0:15 - 0:30 0:25 - 0:30 0:10 - 0:25 0:07 - 0:10 0:09 - 0:12 0:06 - 0:09<BR>75/25<BR>100/0 2:00 0:20 - 0: 40 0:30 - 0:35 0:15 - 0:30 0:09 - 0:15 0:10 - 0:20 0:08 - 0:10<BR>below 27<BR>to 21<BR>below -3<BR>to -10<BR>0:30 0:10 - 0:20 0:15 - 0:20 0:08 - 0:15 0:04 - 0:08 0:05 - 0:09 0:04 - 0:06<BR>50/50<BR>75/25 1:00 0:15 - 0:30 0:25 - 0:35 0:15 - 0:25 0:08 - 0:15 0:08 - 0:15 0:06 - 0:10 0:02 - 0.10<BR>27 and 100/0 2:00 0:20 - 0:40 0:35 - 0:40 0:20 - 0:35 0:10 - 0:20 0:10 - 0:20 0:08 - 0:10 0:06 - 0:20<BR>above<BR>-3 and<BR>above<BR>Very Light Light Moderate<BR>Other‡<BR>Rain on Cold<BR>Soaked<BR>Wing**<BR>Light<BR>Freezing<BR>Rain<BR>Freezing<BR>Drizzle*<BR>Snow/Snow Grains<BR>Freezing Fog<BR>Activ<BR>e<BR>Frost<BR>Type III Fluid<BR>Concentration<BR>Neat<BR>Fluid/Water<BR>(Volume %/Volume %)<BR>Degrees<BR>Fahrenheit<BR>Degrees<BR>Celsius<BR>Outside Air Temperature Approximate Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions (hours: minutes)<BR>THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE APPLICATION OF THESE DATA REMAINS WITH THE USER.<BR>*Use light freezing rain holdover times if positive identification of freezing drizzle is not possible<BR>**This column is for use at temperatures above 0˚C (32˚ F) only<BR>+ Snow pellets, ice pellets, heavy snow, moderate and heavy freezing rain, and hail.<BR>CAUTIONS:<BR>THE TIME OF PROTECTION WILL BE SHORTENED<BR>IN HEAVY WEATHER CONDITIONS. HEAVY<BR>PRECIPITATION RATES OR HIGH MOISTURE<BR>CONTENT, HIGH WIND VELOCITY, OR JET BLAST<BR>WILL REDUCE HOLDOVER TIME BELOW THE<BR>LOWEST TIME STATED IN THE<BR>RANGE. HOLDOVER TIME MAY BE REDUCED<BR>WHEN AIRCRAFT SKIN TEMPERATURE IS LOWER<BR>THAN OAT.<BR>SAE TYPE III FLUID USED DURING GROUND<BR>DEICING/ANTI-ICING IS NOT INTENDED FOR - AND<BR>DOES NOT PROVIDE - PROTECTION DURING<BR>FLIGHT.<BR>Looking at the Active Frost or the Freezing<BR>Fog, you can easily determine the time<BR>benefit of being able to use a HOT<BR>Our goal is to have an alternate<BR>procedure that allows the PIC to be<BR>the person trained in deicing an<BR>aircraft<BR>RACCA has been working with the FAA<BR>for two years regarding this issue. The<BR>FAA is working closely with us in looking<BR>at sample programs. The FAA states<BR>that we should have an approved<BR>alternate program by this winter season.<BR>www.faa.gov/other_visit/aviation_industry/airline_operators/airline_safety/media/FAAHOT2006-2007.doc - 2006-<BR>11-13 谢楼主谢楼主 haohaoxuexi回复 1# 航空 的帖子
南京航空航天大学民航学院,江苏南京210016) 正是我想要的 谢谢楼主的分享!
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