Short-Field Take-Off and Landing 短跑道起飞和着陆

航空发表于 2010-10-13 09:54:46

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航空发表于 2010-10-13 09:55:10

Short-Field Take-Off and Landing Aim • To understand the principles and considerations of conducting a short field take-off or landing. • Operate safely and efficiently into and out of a field of marginal length, using as little runway as possible. Application • Short Runways ERSA • Obstacle clearance • Authorised Landing Areas (ALAs) CAAP Overview • Revision • Definitions • Principles – Flap – Power – Climb performance – Approach profile – Landing • Considerations – Low speed drag – Off profile – Gusty Conditions • Air Exercise • Airmanship Revision Upslope Flap Increased Temperature Increased headwind Increased Weight Factor TODR LDR Increase Increase Increase Increase Increase Decrease Decrease Decrease Decrease Decrease • Performance Charts (T/O 5-14 POH), (LDG 5-21 POH) Definitions Short Field • When the runway length available and/or obstacle clearance gradients are only just sufficient to satisfy take-off and landing requirements. Definitions Static Power • The power output of the aircraft’s engine when the aircraft is stationary or static. Principles TAKE OFF Flap – Reduces Vs therefore reducing VTOSS (1.2 Vs) – Shorter take off run and distance to 50ft AGL – Provides better obstacle clearance Principles TAKE OFF Power Vs Brakes – Ensures maximum power available to achieve maximum acceleration – Check static power (Refer 4-23 POH) – Exercise caution on gravel surfaces Principles TAKE OFF • Climb Performance in Short field configuration – Rate of climb will decrease – Angle of climb will decrease Principles APPROACH AND LANDING Flap – Reduces Vs allowing approach at minimum speed (1.3 Vs) Power – Inboard surfaces (rudder/elevator) more effective Principles APPROACH AND LANDING Approach Profile – Same flight path flown with a higher nose attitude due to a lower airspeed Landing – Shorter positive flare and touchdown – Use maximum braking as required Short Field Landing Normal Landing Considerations • The “back end” of the drag curve DRAG (Thrust Req’d) IAS More thrust required to fly slower Considerations Off Profile • If overshoot occurs, conduct a go-around • Don’t push a tight situation Gusty Conditions • Can’t fly below minimum specified safe speeds • Approach speeds should be increased • It may not be practical to use a shortfield technique (Do not land!) Lower nose, FLAP 0o 79 kt (BROC) or whatever climb configuration is required 57 kt (BAOC) To 200ft or until clear of obstacles “40 kt” “51 kt ROTATE” FLAP 10o Power Vs Brakes Appropriate mixture and power check For soft field apply full back pressure until rotation Air Exercise • Take-off – refer to 4-15 and 4-22 in POH Apply maximum braking without skidding Maintain full back pressure Retract flaps Minimal hold-off and flare Initiate touchdown with idle power Increase power as required to manage aim point and airspeed Normal approach until 300ft (65 kts and flap 30) Raise nose for 62 kt APPROACH PROFILE DOES NOT CHANGE Air Exercise • Landing – refer 4-16 & 4-32 POH Airmanship • Lookout • Smooth coordinated use of controls • Restrict power on gravel surfaces • Higher speeds may be required in gusty conditions • A common fault is a higher descent rate with lower speed – use more power • If in doubt with approach, go around • Correct handover/takeover procedure

fiwwww 发表于 2011-5-17 14:24:54

it 's just what i wanted , thanks a lot

猪也能飞 发表于 2013-10-28 18:53:12

收藏学习！感谢楼主

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Short-Field Take-Off and Landing 短跑道起飞和着陆