中国民航业绿色发展展望

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中国民航业绿色发展展望 民航局规划发展司 中国民航局规划发展司 沙洪江 2009年5月15日
3 民航节能减排 •节能减排对于行业发展非常重要、非常紧迫行业增长环境保护 主要内容 􀂾一、我国民航节能减排现状 􀂾二、面临的形势与任务 􀂾三、未来工作展望 􀂙我国民航能源消耗分布比例 其中航油占民航总能耗的94%左右94%3%2%1%航油机场用能航空公司地面用能空管及其他民航企事业 一、我国民航绿色发展现状 —我国民航能源结构与能源利用效率情况（1） 􀂙近年来，随着我国民航业的快速发展，行业航油消耗量以年均约12％的速度增长。050000001000000015000000199519971999200120032005航油需求 —我国民航能源结构与能源利用效率情况（2） 7 •国航、南航、东航三大航空集团占行业航油消耗的75%以上。 总消耗(吨)国航(吨)东航(吨)南航(吨)2006年航油消耗10005376268168922795672723201国航东航南航其他 —我国民航能源结构与能源利用效率情况（3） 8 •旅客周转量排名前十的机场吞吐量约占全国总吞吐量的60%，能耗约占全国机场总能耗的40%。40%60%旅客吞吐量前十大机场能耗其他机场能耗 —我国民航能源结构与能源利用效率情况（4） 􀂙由于机队的更新，我国民航吨公里油耗逐年下降。1995-2000年，吨公里耗油水平平均每年下降2.5%。2000-2005年吨公里耗油水平平均每年下降1.2%。00.20.40.619951996199719981999200020012002200320042005吨公里油耗 —我国民航能源结构与能源利用效率情况（5） 一、我国民航绿色发展现状（续） —我国民航航空排放情况（1）我国交通行业二氧化碳排放比例民航4.5%道路运输63.2%铁路11.6%水运20.7%􀂙根据2000年我国交通系统能源消费水平测算的二氧化碳(CO2)排放水平，民航运输系统排放的CO2占4.5%。按1999年IPCC发布的《航空与全球大气特别报告》，全球民航占全球交通总排放的13%。 •我国民航业发展迅速，航空排放呈快速增长的趋势，航空排放的温室气体由2000年的不到2000万吨增加到2005年的3000万吨左右，年均增长约15%。 •我国已有40余个机场噪声排放问题日渐突出，民众对机场噪声的维权意识逐年增强，解决噪声排放问题迫在眉睫。 •随着科学发展观的提出和落实，控制航空排放已不仅仅是环保问题，更是关系行业持续健康发展的重要任务。 —我国民航航空排放情况（2） 􀀴健全组织领导机构 􀀴编制《民航行业节能减排规划》 􀀴夯实工作基础 􀀴推行空管新技术应用 􀀴推广节能减排专项工作 􀀴积极参与国际民航组织有关航空减排方面的工作 一、我国民航绿色发展现状（续） —我国民航节能减排工作现状 一、我国民航绿色发展现状（续） —存在的主要问题 􀀴节能减排意识有待提高 􀀴基础薄弱 􀀴系统协调和工作机制有待完善 􀀴空域利用效率不高 14 二、面临的形势和任务 ————国际形势 􀀹国际民航组织组建了国际航空与气候变化小组（GIACC）来研究决定民航减排问题 􀀹欧盟提出了“绿色天空”计划，已通过了将航空纳入欧盟排放交易体系（EU ETS）的立法程序 􀀹美国的“下一代航空运输系统”（NextGen）、澳大利亚即将实施的将航空纳入“广义的排放交易体系”（Broad ETS） 􀀹事实表明，国际民航组织和各国对航空温室气体排放对环境的影响的关注日益突出 􀀹节约资源和保护环境是我国的基本国策 􀀹国家“十一五”规划纲要提出了节能减排的约束性指标 􀀹《节约能源法》要求国务院交通运输主管部门负责相关领域的节能监督管理工作，并制定相关领域的节能规划 􀀹国家应对气候变化及节能减排工作领导小组对民航局节能减排的工作提出了具体要求 􀀹开展节能减排，建设资源节约型、环境友好型民航运输体系是落实和实践科学发展观，转变行业发展方式，促进民航又好又快发展的具体体现，也是我国民航由民航大国走向民航强国的必然要求 —— 国内形势 三、未来工作展望 ——目标（1） 􀀹到2015年，行业节能减排标准、政策、监管、技术支持体系基本建立，节能减排体制机制基本完善 􀀹与行业节能减排相关的科技应用与研究取得新进展 􀀹行业节能减排文化深入人心 􀀹全行业能源节约和污染排放控制取得明显成效 ——目标（2）2005年2015年吨公里二氧化碳排放吨公里能耗机场噪声新建机场垃圾无害化处理率及污水处理率比05年下降15%达到75%吞吐量1000万以上的机场噪声监测开始实施、噪声综合治理开始启动比05年下降15% 主要措施（1） ——全面推进行业节能工作全面推进行业节能工作1.航空公司节油2. 地面服务节能3. 加强空管现代化建设4. 加强民航企事业单位办公节能 大力开展行业减排工作控制航空排放监控机场噪声加强航空垃圾和机场污水处理 主要措施（2） ——大力开展行业减排工作 􀀹结合行业特点和发展现状，加强和改善行业管理、提高运行效率􀀹研究制定规范的有利于节能减排的法律、法规及生产运营流程，明确各方职责􀀹加强机场、航空公司、空管业务协同􀀹充分发挥民航各级政府部门职能，建立完善行业节能减排“统计”“监测”“考核”体系，完善行业节能减排运行机制􀀹按照“先试点后推广”、“先易后难、重点示范”的原则，大力组织开展节能减排专项工作与示范工程建设主要措施（3）——加强行业管理，夯实工作基础 􀀹气候变化既是环境问题，更是发展问题 􀀹按照《联合国气候变化框架公约》等有关国际法律和国际民航组织规定，积极行使权利和履行义务 􀀹大力加强气候变化领域的国际交流，学习国际先进经验，努力开展和推动航空运输温室气体排放控制工作，增强应对气候变化的能力，促进行业与经济、人口、资源和环境的可持续发展 主要措施（4） ——加强国际交流与合作，积极应对 气候变化
Green Development Prospects of China Civil Aviation Industry 民航局规划发展司Civil Aviation Administration of China15, May, 2009 Mr. ShaHongjiang, Deputy Director General Department of Planning Aviation SecurityFlight SafetyEnvironment Protection3 Concerned Topics in Global Aviation Community 3 Civil Aviation Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction •Energy conservation and emission reduction is very important and urgent to the development of aviation industryIndustry growthEnvironment protection Main Contents 􀂾One:Current Situation of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in China Civil Aviation Industry 􀂾Two: Situation and Tasks we are facing 􀂾Three: Prospects of Future 􀂙Proportions of civil aviation energy consumption about 94% is aviation fuel94%3%2%1%aviation fuelairport energy consumptionAirlines ground energy consumptionATC and other aviation units One: Current Green Development Situation of China Civil Aviation Industry —Energy Structure and Utilization Efficiency（1） 􀂙As the rapid growth of China civil aviation industry in recent years, the aviation fuel consumption is growing at the rate of 12% annually.050000001000000015000000199519971999200120032005fuel demand —Energy Structure and Utilization Efficiency（2） 7 •Over 75% of aviation fuel is consumed by Air China, China Southern and China Eastern, the big three groups Total (ton)Air China (ton)China Eastern (ton)China Southern (ton)Fuel consumption in 200610,005,3762,681,6892,279,5672,723,201Air ChinaChina Eastern China Southernothers —Energy Structure and Utilization Efficiency（3） 8 •The top ten airports in term of passenger traffic account for 60% of total passengers volume，40% of the total airport energy consumption60%40%first ten large passengervolume airportsother airports —Energy Structure and Utilization Efficiency（4） 􀂙Due to the update of fleet, the fuel consumption every ton kilometer is reducing. 1995-2000, the average fuel consumption each ton kilometer reduced 2.5% annually, while from 2000 to 2005, 1.2% was reached.00.10.20.30.40.519951996199719981999200020012002200320042005fuel consumptionper TKM —Energy Structure and Utilization Efficiency（5） CO2 Emission RatioChina Transport SystemCivil Aviation4.5%GroundTransport63.2%Railway11.6%Water Trnsport20.7%􀂙According to the calculation based on China transport system energy consumption level in 2000，4.5% of total CO2emission was caused by civil aviation. According to the “aviation and global atmosphere special report”published in 1999 by IPCC, 13% of the total emission was causedby world civil aviation industry.One: Current Green Development Situation of China Civil Aviation Industry (cont.)—Civil Aviation Emission（1）Global CO2 Emission by TransportAviationOthersRoad Transport •China civil aviation grows rapidly, so as the aviation emission.The emission of greenhouse gases increased from less 20 million ton in 2000 to about 30 million ton in 2005, about 15% increase annually. •More than 40 airports in China have encountered noise problem. It is extremely urgent to solve noise pollution because of the increasing awareness of protecting public rights. •After the introduction of scientific outlook on development, aviation emission control is not only an environmental issue, but also a task to keep aviation industry growing in a sustainable way. —Civil Aviation Emission（2） 􀀴Improve organization structure 􀀴Compose “Civil Aviation Industry Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction Plan” 􀀴Build a solid foundation of work 􀀴Encourage application of new ATM technology 􀀴Promote specific energy conservation and emission reduction work 􀀴Actively participate in ICAO missions of energy conservation and emission reduction One: Current Green Development Situation of China Civil Aviation Industry (cont.)—Current Work on Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction 􀀴Awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction need to be improved 􀀴A weak foundation 􀀴System coordination and working mechanism need to be refined 􀀴Utilization of air space is low One: Current Green Development Situation of China Civil Aviation Industry (cont.)—Major Problems 14 Two: Situation and Tasks We Are Facing —International Situation 􀀹ICAO has set up Group on International Aviation and Climate Change (GIACC）to study civil aviation emission reduction issues 􀀹European Union put forward a “Green Sky “plan, and has approved legislation procedures to make aviation part of EU Emission Trading System（EU ETS） 􀀹The Next Generation Aviation Transportation System （NextGen）in United States, aviation is about to join in the Broad Emission Trading System（Broad ETS）in Australia 􀀹All the facts show that ICAO and individual countries pay more attention to the negative effects aviation greenhouse gas emission bring to the environment 􀀹Resource saving and environmental protection are our basic national policies 􀀹Mandatory requirement of energy conservation and emission reduction has been raised in the national 11th “five year”plan 􀀹“Energy Conservation Law”requires transportation department to be responsible for energy saving monitoring and management in related areas and make up energy conservation plans 􀀹Specific requirements are raised to CAAC by national team which deals with climate changing and energy conservation and emission reduction 􀀹To build a resource saving and environment friendly civil aviation transportation system is a way to implement scientific outlook and fasten the growth of civil aviation industry. It is also an inevitable requirement of turning a giant China civil aviation industry into a powerful one —Domestic Situation 􀀹By 2015, a relatively sound energy conservation and emission reduction system will be built based on the establishment of industry energy conservation and emission reduction criteria, policy, supervision technical support􀀹New progress is made regarding industry technology application and research in energy conservation and emission reduction􀀹Industry energy conservation and emission reduction culture has filtered into people’s minds􀀹A significant energy conservation and emission reductionresult is shown across the whole industryThree: Prospects of Future—Target（1） year of 2005year of 2015Energy consumption per ton kilometerreducing 15% compare to 2005 CO2emission per ton kilometer Airport noise New Airport Rubbish harmless process and sewage process rate Up to 75% Noise monitoring and control has started at airports which passenger volume exceed 10million Reducing 15% compare to 2005Three: Prospects of Future—Target（2） Key Measures（1） —Push Forward Industry Energy ConservationPush forward industry energy conservationPush conservation1.Fuel saving of airlines2. Energy Saving in ground handling3. Promote ATC Modernization4. Industry-wide Office energy saving promote industry emission reductionreductionaviation emission controlairport noisemonitor & controlImprove aviation waste and airport sewage process Key Measures（2） —Push Forward Industry Emission Reduction 􀀹Combine industry characteristic and current situation to reinforce management and enhance operational efficiency 􀀹Study and set laws, regulations and operational procedures whichare helpful in energy conservation and emission reduction, clarify responsibilities 􀀹Strengthen the collaboration among airport, airline and ATC 􀀹All levels of administrative units will play an important role in setting up a sound system of collecting data, monitoring and evaluation of energy saving and emission reduction 􀀹Based on the principle of “trial before widely implementation”, “easy ones before hard ones, find emphasis to demonstrate”, specific energy conservation and emission reduction projects and demonstration work is carried out Key Measures（3） —Reinforce Management, Consolidate Foundation 􀀹Climate change is not only an environmental issue, but moreover,it is a development issue 􀀹Enjoy rights and fulfill duties in accordance with “UN climate changing framework agreement”and other international laws and regulations 􀀹Promote international communication and learn advanced experience regarding climate changing, try to control the aviation greenhouse gas emission，enhance capability of dealing with climate changing and promote a sustainable growth in industry, economy, population, resource and environment Key Measures（4） —Promote International Communication and Cooperation, Actively Deal With Climate Change

386a 发表于 2011-4-27 13:25:08

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中国民航业绿色发展展望