欧洲航空业:建立稳定增长机制的行动

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DepartmentSpeaker’sname12/05/2009NOUVELLE LÉGISLATION EUROPÉENNE POUR ÉCONOMISER L’ÉNERGIEAméliorer les bâtiments􀁺欧洲航空业:建立稳定增长机制的行动奥利维尔·欧尼迪国际市场、航空运输协定及多边关系部门主任航空运输司能源与运输总司欧盟委员会中国民航发展论坛May 2009年5月14-15日北京 2 􀁺 讲演提纲􀀹介绍􀀹欧洲航空业背景情况􀀹欧盟航空业面临的挑战􀀹如何回应挑战?􀀹欧盟-中国航空关系􀀹结束语 3 􀁺 􀂃1992年以前: 欧盟内部的各国市场四分五裂并受到保护。􀂃1992年以后: 取消市场准入及定价方面的限制，形成单一市场。􀂃世界范围最大最成功的范例：地区市场整合及自由化从国家航空运输市场走向共同市场 4 􀁺 我们获得了什么？单一市场的成功􀂃1980-2000年期间航空运输扩大三倍。预计2020年前还将翻倍。􀂃更多的竞争和选择􀂃更低的收费􀂃….但也带来了新的挑战 5 􀁺 前所未有的新挑战1.全球经济衰退2.不稳定的燃油价格3.日益加大的环境压力4.安保措施5.拥挤造成的不断增加的成本6.最近: 甲型H1N1流感 6 􀁺 核心目标驱动欧盟政策: “确保行业增长的可持续性”(当前的衰退使得进行变革更加势在必行!)方法:1.行业竞争力􀂃降低成本，提高效率􀂃消除过时的所有权及管控限制2.突破容量困境􀂃避免/减少在地面和空中的瓶颈3.确保环境的可持续性􀂃全面措施4.将单一市场的成功扩大到欧洲以外地区 7 􀁺 􀂃消除过时的所有权及管控限制􀂃金融救市不是应对当前危机的出路􀂃需要尽快采取结构性措施1. 航空业的竞争力及其商业结构 8 􀁺 􀂃2020年前预计流量将翻倍􀂃20%的欧盟机场将出现拥堵􀂃采取多种措施以增加容量并更好地发挥现有能力􀂃割裂的欧盟空域􀂃单一欧洲天空􀂃SESAR及空中交通管理总体规划2. 突破容量困境 9 􀁺 􀂃提升对气候变化和全球变暖现象的关注􀂃航空业是造成问题的原因之一，必须致力于解决问题􀂃需要采取全面措施–包括基于市场的(ETS)􀂃ETS必须支持航空业的增长􀂃欧盟希望寻求全球性解决方案，因此在酝酿过程中希望与关键合作伙伴（如中国）共同行动3. 确保航空业可持续反展 10 􀁺 I.由现有的双边协议向未来共同体法律过渡II.与相邻国家共建“公共航空区”III.与关键合作伙伴（美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、印度、中国、俄罗斯等）共同创建雄心勃勃的全球协议4. 走出欧洲：迈向外部世界的三大支柱 11 􀁺 支柱I: 法律事务方面的进展 􀂃102个欧盟外国家已经接受共同体设计概念 􀂃近800个双边航空服务协议已经整合入共同体法（代表着70%的欧盟外业务量） 􀂃45个“水平”协议共涵盖650个航空服务协议（自2004年9月起） 􀂃与其余国家的谈判/会晤仍在进行中 12 􀁺 支柱II: 更广阔的公共航空区 58个国家–约10亿居民迈向公共航空区 13 􀁺 􀂃与具备相似看法的关键伙伴合作􀂃目标: 通过以下组合“规范”航空业:􀂃市场开放􀂃取缔投资壁垒􀂃法规政策融合􀂃欧盟-美国协议(第一阶段)􀂃2007年4月签署􀂃自2008年3月30日起适用􀂃有关第二阶段的谈判始于2008年5月􀂃欧盟-加拿大协议(2008年11月)􀂃全面开放航空区域􀂃涉及所有市场方面􀂃投资自由化􀂃法规政策融合􀂃分阶段推进􀂃下一步: 澳大利亚与新西兰(2008年11月开始谈判) 支柱III: 全面协议 14 􀁺 􀂃中国与欧盟之间快速增长的航空市场􀂃中国目前承认共同体航空法律􀂃欧盟希望加强欧盟与中国在各领域的航空合作以实现真正的合作伙伴关系􀂃技术领域的合作规模显著􀂃形成全面的欧盟-中国航空服务协定以满足双方各自的利益将是水到渠成的目标结束语:欧盟-中国航空关系 15 􀁺 VielenDankfuerIhreAufmerksamkeit!mark.nicklas@ec.europa.euhttp://ec.europa.eu/transport/air_portal/international/index_en.htm感谢关注！Olivier.Onidi@ec.europa.euhttp://ec.europa.eu/transport/air_portal/international/index_en.htm DepartmentSpeaker’sname12/05/2009NOUVELLE LÉGISLATION EUROPÉENNE POUR ÉCONOMISER L’ÉNERGIEAméliorer les bâtiments􀁺European Aviation: Measures to Ensure Sustainable GrowthMr. Olivier OnidiHead of Internal Market, Air Transport Agreements and Multilateral RelationsAir Transport Directorate,Directorate-General for Energy and Transport,European CommissionChina Civil Aviation Development Forum 2009Beijing –14-15 May 2009 2 􀁺 Presentation Outline􀀹Introduction􀀹A Bit of Background on European Aviation􀀹EU Aviation Challenges􀀹How to Respond to the Challenges?􀀹EU-China Aviation Relations􀀹Conclusions 3 􀁺 􀂃Before 1992: national markets within the EU were protected and fragmented􀂃After 1992: One Single market without restrictions on market access and pricing.􀂃World’s largest and most successful example of regional market integration and liberalisation. From National Air transport Markets to a Common Market 4 􀁺 What Have We Achieved? Successes of the Single Market􀂃Tripling of air travel 1980-2000. Doubling expected by 2020 􀂃More competition and choice􀂃Lower fares􀂃….but also new challenges 5 􀁺 Unprecedented New Challenges1.Global economic downturn2.Volatile fuel prices3.Increasing environmental pressure4.Security measures5.Increasing costs from congestion6.Most recently: H1N1 influenza 6 􀁺 Key Objective Driving EU Policy: “Ensuring Sustainability of the Sector’s Growth” (Current Downturn Only Makes Change More Imperative!) Means:1.Competitiveness of the industry 􀂃Cost reductions and efficiency􀂃Removal of out-dated ownership and control restrictions2.Tackling the capacity crunch􀂃Avoid/reduce bottlenecks on the ground and in the air3.Ensure environmental sustainability􀂃Comprehensive approach4.Extend success of the single market beyond Europe 7 􀁺 􀂃Remove outdated constraints on ownership and control􀂃Bail-out should not be the answer to the current crisis􀂃Structural measures need to be accelerated1. Competitiveness and the Commercial Framework of the Aviation Industry 8 􀁺 􀂃Traffic expected to double by 2020􀂃20% of EU airports will be congested􀂃Mix of measures to provide new capacity and better use of existing capacity􀂃Fragmented EU air space􀂃Single European Sky􀂃SESAR and ATM Master Plan2. Tackling the Capacity Crunch 9 􀁺 􀂃Increasing concerns about climate change and global warming􀂃Aviation is part of the problem and must also bepart of the solution􀂃Comprehensive approach is needed –including market-based measures (ETS).􀂃ETS may allow aviation to grow􀂃The EU wishes to achieve a global solution and wishes to engage with key partners such as China in developing it.3. Ensuring Sustainability of Aviation 10 􀁺 I.Bringing existing bilateral agreements into line with Community lawII.The creation of a “Common Aviation Area”with neighbouring countriesIII.Conclusion of ambitious global agreements with key partners (US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, China, Russia…….).4. Going Beyond Europe: The Three Pillars of the External Dimension 11 􀁺 Pillar I: Progress on the Legal Issue 􀂃102 non-EU states have accepted Community designation 􀂃Nearly 800 Bilateral ASAs have been brought into conformity with Community law (representing 70% of extra-EU traffic) 􀂃45 “Horizontal”Agreements covering 650 ASAs(since September 2004) 􀂃Negotiations/talks on-going with remaining countries. 12 􀁺 Pillar II:A Wider Common Aviation Area 58 States –Approx. 1 Billion inhabitants 13 􀁺 􀂃With key and like-minded partners􀂃Aim: to “normalise”aviation by combination of:􀂃Market opening􀂃Removal of investment barriers􀂃Regulatory convergence􀂃EU-US Agreement (1ststage)􀂃Signed in April 2007􀂃Applicable as of 30 March 2008􀂃Second phase negotiations started in May 2008􀂃EU-Canada Agreement (November 2008)􀂃Full Open Aviation Area􀂃All market aspects covered􀂃Investment liberalised􀂃Regulatory convergence􀂃Phased approach􀂃Next: Australia and New Zealand (Negotiations started in November 2008) Pillar III: Comprehensive Agreements 14 􀁺 􀂃Fast growing aviation market between China and the EU􀂃China now recognises Community law in aviation􀂃The EU wishes to enhance EU-China aviation cooperation in all areas into a real partnership􀂃Significant scope for technical cooperation􀂃A comprehensive EU-China air services agreement to our mutual benefit would be the natural goalConclusion: EU-China Aviation Relations 15 􀁺 VielenDankfuerIhreAufmerksamkeit!mark.nicklas@ec.europa.euhttp://ec.europa.eu/transport/air_portal/international/index_en.htmThank you for your attention!Olivier.Onidi@ec.europa.euhttp://ec.europa.eu/transport/air_portal/international/index_en.htm

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欧洲航空业:建立稳定增长机制的行动