320系列机组课程自动飞行系统

航空发表于 2011-3-24 09:04:22

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航空发表于 2011-3-24 09:05:17

AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 1/25 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 2/25 The AUTOFLIGHT system on the A320 family is designed to reduce pilot workload, enhance safety, and optimize performance. You should have a good understanding of the AUTOFLIGHT system and how to use it so that you can operate the aircraft safely and efficiently. This module is an introduction only. You will see the principles covered in more detail, and look at individual components of the system in later modules. Then you will study the use of the system during a normal flight. Let ’s begin by building up a basic conceptual idea of the Autoflight system. AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 3/25 INFORMATION SOURCES OUTPUT DEVICES The Autoflight system can be thought of as consisting of four main sections. At the heart of the system is a computation and processing section, the brain! The central processing section has access to several information sources. The pilots have access to the central processing section via input devices. Finally, after computation and processing commands are provided to output devices. COMPUTATION & PROCESSING INPUT DEVICES AUTOFLIGHT SYSTEM AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 4/25 COMPUTATION & PROCESSING FMGC1 FMGCs FMGC2 For the Autoflight system on the A320 family, computation and processing is done by two Flight Management Guidance Computers (FMGC). The two FMGCs are identical and normally work together so for training purposes we will group them as the FMGCs. AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 5/25 INFORMATION ClocSkOURCES ADIRS & GPS Performance information Navigation information The FMGCs receive : • Navigation Information - which contains details of airfields, navaids, airways, routes, waypoints, procedures (SIDs, STARs, approachs, missed approachs), etc. • Aircraft Performance information, • The Air Data and Inertial Reference system (ADIRS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS) for position and dynamic information, (You will learn about them in the Navigation Chapter) • the Clock, • Radio Navigation information. Navigation radios FMGCs AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 6/25 INPUT DEVICES FMGCs The pilots provide inputs to the FMGCs using: • two Multipurpose Control and Display Units (MCDU), • a single Flight Control Unit (FCU). You will see more information on these units in later modules Flight Control Unit MCDU 1 MCDU 2 Clock ADIRS & GPS Performance information Navigation information Navigation radios AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 7/25 OUTPUT DEVICES Autopilot Autothrust The FMGCs provide outputs to: • the Autopilot system for pitch, roll and yaw control • the Autothrust system - for thrust control • the EFIS system - for the display of information • the Navigation Radios - for the automatic tuning of radio aids. Clock ADIRS & GPS Performance information Navigation information Navigation radios FMGCs Flight Control Unit MCDU 1 MCDU 2 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 8/25 The FMGCs are divided into three main parts; • Flight Management, • Flight Guidance, • Flight Augmentation. Flight Augmentation Flight Guidance Flight Management FFMGCss AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 9/25 Navigation The Flight Management part of the FMGCs controls the following functions: • Navigation - The accurate position of the aircraft and the capability to automatically follow the programmed flight plan, • Flight Planning - The flight plan computation, • Performance optimization - costs, speeds and altitude optimization, • Predictions - the accurate estimates for waypoints, altitudes, speeds, fuel, destinations and alternates • Display management - the control of information to the EFIS system to display autoflight modes and navigation information. Flight Planning Performance Optimization Predictions Display Management Flight Management AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 10/25 Autothrust Commands Flight Director Commands Autopilot Commands The Flight Guidance part of the FMGCs provides; • Autopilot commands to automatically control pitch, roll and yaw, • Autothrust commands to automatically control thrust, • Flight Director commands to the pilot for for control of pitch, roll, and yaw. Flight Guidance AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 11/25 Flight Augmentation part of the FMGCs provides: • Flight envelope computations (for example overspeed, underspeed warnings), • Automatic speed computation (for example the flaps limit speeds which are displayed on the PFD), • Windshear warning and guidance. Note: Most of the the flight augmentation is not computed by the FMGCs. It is computed by the flight controls computers. You will learn these computers in the flight controls chapter. Flight Envelope Computation Automatic Speed Computation Windshear Warning & Guidance Flight Augmentation AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 12/25 FMGCs So far we have grouped the two FMGCs together for our basic system description. Now let’s look at the actual layout. As a general rule the two FMGCs have access to the same information sources and exchange information. FMGC1 FMGC2 Information AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 13/25 FMGC2 MCDU 2 FMGC1 MCDU 1 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 14/25 FMGC2 MCDU 2 FMGC1 MCDU 1 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 15/25 FMGC2 MCDU 2 FMGC1 MCDU 1 Each FMGC is linked to its own MCDU. For example, information from MCDU 1 will be received by both FMGCs, so that information is synchronized. AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 16/25 FMGC2 MCDU 2 FMGC1 MCDU 1 TThhee iinnppuuttss ffrroomtthhee FFCU aarree ffeedd ttoo bbootthh FFMGCss.. Flight Control Unit AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 17/25 FD1 AP1 FMGC1 AP2 FD2 FMGC2 MCDU 2 Flight Control Unit MCDU 1 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 18/25 FD1 AP1 AP2 FD2 FMGC1 MCDU 1 FMGC2 MCDU 2 Flight Control Unit AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 19/25 FD1 AP1 ChA1utothrusCth2 AP2 FD2 FMGC1 FMGC2 Both FMGCs send commands to the Autothrust system. The Autothrust system has two channels and depending on which FMGC is the master, the associated Autothrust channnel will be used. Now let ’s locate some of the most important components in the cockpit. Flight Control Unit MCDU 1 MCDU 2 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 20/25 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 21/25 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 22/25 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 23/25 AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 24/25 The Controls and indicators found in the cockpit are: - 1 Flight Control Unit or FCU, - 2 Flight Director pb located on the EFIS control panels and the associated EFIS displays, - 2 Multipurpose Control and Display Units (MCDU), - 2 thrust levers mainly interfaced to A/THR. AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 25/25 You have now had a basic introduction to the Autoflight system. In the modules that follow we will look at the individual elements in greater detail. Moodduullee ccoommpplleetteedd NEXT AUTOFLIGHT MENU System presentation 26/25 LLIISSTTOOFFSSUUBBJJEECCTTSS EXIT AUDIO GLOSSARY FCOM RETURN GGEENNEERRAALL FFMMGGCCss CCOOMMPPOONNEENNTTSSLLOOCCAATTIIOONN

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airportcn 发表于 2011-5-17 11:26:19

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bocome 发表于 2011-7-31 09:20:52

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tissle 发表于 2014-4-17 10:58:18

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diguo 发表于 2017-3-10 15:21:13

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Ruby 发表于 2020-3-3 15:31:05

非常好的资源，谢谢分享

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320系列机组课程自动飞行系统