OIL
**** Hidden Message ***** <P>OIL - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION<BR>1. General<BR>A. The engine oil system is comprised of an oil storage and an oil distribution system together with<BR>the necessary indicating systems which provide measurements of oil quantity, oil pressure, and<BR>oil temperature. A low oil pressure warning system and filter bypass warning system are also<BR>provided.<BR>B. Each engine is provided with an independent oil system which provides cooling and lubrication<BR>of engine gears and bearings. An oil storage tank, mounted on the lower left side of the engine,<BR>furnishes a continuous supply of oil to the engine driven oil pressure pump in the accessory<BR>drive gearbox housing. An external line carries oil from the pump to a full flow type fuel/oil<BR>cooler. Cooled oil is then delivered to the engine bearings through a distribution manifold and<BR>galleries formed in the engine structure.<BR>C. An oil filter is provided downstream of the oil pump. The filter housing is made integral with the<BR>accessory drive gearbox casing. A removable cover is located on the outside of the gearbox to<BR>allow replacement or cleaning of the filter core. A bypass valve is arranged between the inlet<BR>and outlet of the filter. If the filter becomes clogged, this valve will open and allow a flow of<BR>unfiltered oil to circulate in the engine.<BR>D. Oil is scavenged from the engine bearing cavities by pumps and returned to the accessory<BR>drive gearbox. From there it is pumped back into the engine oil tank.</P><P>OIL - SERVICING<BR>1. General<BR>A. Servicing of the engine oil system is accomplished by either changing or replenishing the oil<BR>supply. This procedure outlines the steps required to change the engine oil supply. Refer to<BR>Chapter 12, Servicing for engine oil tank replenishment procedures.<BR>2. Equipment and Materials<BR>A. Engine oil conforming to PWA Specification 521B. (See PWA Service Bulletin No. 238.)<BR>CAUTION: SOME OILS ARE NOT COMPATIBLE WHEN MIXED. UNLESS COMPATIBILITY<BR>IS ASSURED, DO NOT MIX NAME BRAND OILS.<BR>B. Six gallon container<BR>C. One gallon container<BR>CAUTION: ENSURE THAT SERVICING CONTAINERS AND OPENING ACCESSORIES<BR>ARE CLEAN. DISPOSE OF UNUSED OIL REMAINING IN CONTAINERS.<BR>3. Change Engine Oil<BR>A. Open left side cowl panel.<BR>B. Position containers to catch oil. Open oil tank drain on bottom of tank and remove main oil drain<BR>plug from bottom of accessory drives gearbox housing.<BR>NOTE: To facilitate draining oil from gearbox, remove plug and connector to drain oil from<BR>standpipe cavity.<BR>C. Remove nuts and washers securing main oil strainer cover to accessory drives gearbox.<BR>Remove cover and main oil strainer element, discard two packings. Wash element in petroleum<BR>solvent and inspect for metal particles. Refer to P&WA Chapter 72, Engine.<BR>CAUTION: HOLD OIL STRAINER COVER TO KEEP IT FROM FLYING OFF UNDER<BR>SPRING PRESSURE</P>
<P>D. Allow engine oil to drain to slow drip for approximately 1/2 hour. Install main oil drain plug and<BR>standpipe cavity drain plug and connector in bottom of accessory drives gearbox housing.<BR>Lockwire plugs.<BR>E. Close oil tank drain valve on bottom of tank.<BR>F. Install main oil strainer element in strainer port of accessory drives gearbox. Install strainer<BR>cover and secure with washers and locknuts. Refer to P&WA Chapter 72, Engine.<BR>CAUTION: BE SURE STRAINER ELEMENT IS INSTALLED RIGHT SIDE UP. WHEN<BR>CORRECTLY INSTALLED, THE STRAINER BYPASS VALVE WILL BE AT THE<BR>COVER END OF THE ELEMENT.<BR>G. Remove self-locking filler cap from port in sump cavity and fill oil tank to center of upper sight<BR>gage with new oil. Replace oil tank filler cap and install, or close, cowl panels.<BR>CAUTION: INSECURE INSTALLATION OF THE OIL TANK FILLER CAP MAY OCCUR IF<BR>INTERNAL STOPS ARE WORN PERMITTING INCORRECT LOCK ROTATION.<BR>CHECK FOR PROPER LUG ENGAGEMENT AFTER CAP IS INSTALLED AND<BR>LOCK HANDLE IS TURNED TO "CLOSE" BY ATTEMPTING TO REMOVE CAP.<BR>(PULL STRAIGHT OUT ON HANDLE BY HAND OR WITH A WIRE HOOK AS<BR>SHOWN IN FIGURE 301.) WHEN STOWING LOCK HANDLE, CHECK THAT<BR>MACHINED SURFACE OF HANDLE IS TURNED UP AND AS-CAST SURFACE<BR>IS DOWN TOWARD CAP. PROPERLY LOCKED AND STOWED, THE LOCK<BR>HANDLE PRESENTS A SMOOTH FLAT SURFACE THAT IS FLUSH WITH THE<BR>CAP.<BR>NOTE: If the engine oil supply was changed from one type of oil to another, operate engine at<BR>idle rpm for at least 1 minute. After engine shutdown, drain and service the system per<BR>steps A, B, D, E, and G.<BR>When the engine is operated for the first time after an oil change, check the oil supply<BR>tank level after engine shutdown and replenish as required. Refer to Chapter 12,<BR>Servicing.</P>
<P>ENGINE OIL STORAGE - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION<BR>1. General<BR>A. Each engine is provided with a cylindrically shaped oil tank which mounts on the left front face<BR>of the accessory drive gearbox and is secured at the front by a strap. With the engines installed<BR>on the airplane, the tank holds approximately five U.S. gallons. The remaining tank volume<BR>accommodates foaming and expansion of the oil.<BR>2. Engine Oil Tank<BR>A. The tank is constructed of stainless steel and is capable of withstanding without permanent<BR>deformation, the stresses imposed by pressure, vibration, and shock loads such as can occur<BR>during landing, rough flight conditions, etc. A baffle serves to minimize sloshing of the oil in the<BR>tank. A deaerator in the tank separates most of the air from the returning oil, thus minimizing<BR>foaming.<BR>B. Servicing of the oil tank is accomplished through a filler port, located in a sump cavity. When<BR>servicing through the filler port, any oil that is spilled in the sump cavity is drained through<BR>tubing to drain holes in the cowl panels.<BR>C. For ground check of oil quantity, a dipstick is attached to the self-locking filler cap. A<BR>capacitance sensing probe in the tank transmits an electrical signal for remote indication of oil<BR>quantity during flight.<BR>D. The tank is equipped with an inlet strainer at the filler port. An outlet strainer is located at the<BR>drain valve on the underside of the tank.</P>
<P>3. Oil Tank Drain Valve<BR>A. The oil tank drain valve is located at the bottom of the oil tank. The handle is spring-loaded to<BR>the valve closed position. Manually rotating the handle 90 degrees in a clockwise direction<BR>opens the valve allowing the oil to drain from the tank. The handle is locked in the valve open<BR>position by a ball detent arrangement. Counterclockwise movement of the handle unseats the<BR>balls form the detents and allows the spring tension to return the handle to the valve closed<BR>position. (See figure 1).</P> OILOILOILOILOILOIL
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