首架极超音速喷气客机问世 时速达5000公里
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 宋体, arial; line-height: normal; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 1px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 1px; ">2011-06-20 新浪科技 秋凌</span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 宋体, arial; line-height: normal; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 1px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 1px; "><br></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 宋体, arial; line-height: normal; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 1px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 1px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Tahoma; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; "><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: center; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Tahoma; line-height: 25px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); "><img src="http://www.air.cc/uploads/allimg/110621/0GS41240-0.jpg" alt="首架极超音速喷气客机问世 时速达5000公里" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; "></span></p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Tahoma; line-height: 25px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); "></span></p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: center; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: 宋体, arial; line-height: 18px; ">图1：ZEHST被称为协和式飞机的继任者，采用氢氧动力，唯一产生的排放就是水。</span></p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: center; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; ">北京时间6月20日消息，空中客车公司（Airbus S.A.S.）母公司欧洲宇航防务集团（简称“EADS”）公布了研制世界上第一架极超音速喷气客机的计划。这款客机名为“ZEHST”（零排放极超音速飞机的英文首字母缩写），将采用3组发动机，时速可达到3125英里（约合每小时5029公里），是音速的4倍。</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> 借助于这一惊人速度，ZEHST从伦敦飞往东京只需短短两个小时。由于采用氢氧动力设计，这款客机产生的唯一排放就是水，是绝对的“绿色客机”。可惜的是，极超音速喷气客机需要40年才能投入商业飞行。</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> 在巴黎航展开幕前，EADS公布了极超音速喷气客机ZEHST研制计划。这款客机被称之为协和式飞机的继任者，最多可搭载100名乘客。由于采用一组常规喷气发动机，它可以在普通机场跑道起飞，同时不会产生协和式飞机那样震耳欲聋的音爆。达到适当高度后，飞行员将启动一对火箭发动机，提高飞行速度，在大气层上方飞行，而后点燃一组冲压式喷气发动机。</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "><img src="http://www.air.cc/uploads/allimg/110621/0GS4F21-1.jpg" alt="" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; "></p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> 图2：一幅电脑生成图像，呈现了零排放极超音速飞机。</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> 冲压式喷气发动机用于导弹，在飞行速度达到每小时1000英里（约合每小时1609公里）以上时效率更高，但无法在起飞时使用。这种发动机可帮助ZEHST在20英里（约合32公里）的高度以超过4马赫的速度巡航。传统客机的巡航高度大约在6英里（约合9656米）左右。借助于这一巡航速度，ZEHST从伦敦飞往西班牙南部的马拉加只需要20分钟，飞往伊斯坦布尔只需30分钟，飞往美国东岸大约在1小时左右。</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> 搭乘ZEHST从伦敦飞往东京较以往相比缩短9个小时左右，飞往悉尼需要大约3个半小时。在滑翔下降时，常规发动机将点燃，帮助ZEHST降落。EADS革新与技术负责人吉恩-伯蒂表示：“这款客机并不是协和式飞机，只是外形与协和式飞机相像。上世纪60年代，协和式飞机向人们展示了出色的空气动力学性能。这款客机能够在大气层上方飞行，时速超过3000英里（约合每小时4828公里）。在大气层上方飞行时，乘客听不到任何声音。我们在这一项目上投入很长时间进行研究，我们知道研制这种客机具有可行性。”</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p align="center" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "><img src="http://www.air.cc/uploads/allimg/110621/0GS44035-2.jpg" alt="" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; "></p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> 图3：上周末，巴黎布尔歇机场，空中客车A350XWB的模型。</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> 与传统客机不同的是，ZEHST采用从海藻中提炼的生物燃料——氢和氧，是世界上最环保的客机之一。这家总部设于法国图卢兹的公司表示，ZEHST可搭载100名乘客，有望在40年内进行首次商业飞行。航空专家表示，载客量太少是ZEHST的一大缺陷。《国际飞行》杂志空中运输编辑大卫-卡米恩斯基-莫罗指出：“从很大程度上说，这是一款概念客机，但在这一载客量情况下，技术上是可行的。真正的困难是如何具有经济性，让一款全新的客机投入商业运营。从制图板到最后飞向蓝天，这款客机的研制成本高达数十亿美元。我们不禁要问，真的有必要研制一种载客量不是很多的客机吗？”</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p align="center" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "><img src="http://www.air.cc/uploads/allimg/110621/0GS43618-3.jpg" alt="" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; "></p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> 图4：极超音速喷气客机ZEHST的结构图。</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p align="center" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "><img src="http://www.air.cc/uploads/allimg/110621/0GS42042-4.jpg" alt="" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; "></p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> 图5：ZEHST采用火箭和涡轮喷气发动机，从伦敦飞往东京只需短短两个小时。</p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "> </p><p align="center" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; "><img src="http://www.air.cc/uploads/allimg/110621/0GS42G0-5.jpg" alt="" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; "></p><p style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体, arial; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; "> 图6：EADS官员表示ZEHST不可能在2040年左右投入商业运营。</p></span></span></div>
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