航空 发表于 2011-7-15 19:43:51

ME-TA,ME-TH,AV-燃气涡轮发动机,涡轮发动机飞机结构与系统-M11最新口试题库

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航空 发表于 2011-7-15 19:44:57

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">轴流式压气机采用的防喘措施有哪些?其基本原理是什么</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">?</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 3pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">措施:中间级放气,压气机静子叶片可调和采用多转子。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">原理:通过在非设计状态下,改变速度三角形的绝对速度的轴向分量、绝对速度的切向分量和圆周速度,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>从而使气流相对速度对转子叶片的攻角同设计状态相近,避免叶片失速</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com<img src=" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在压气机中,什么是预旋和正预旋?说明正预旋的作用?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第一级工作叶轮进口处绝对速度在切线方向的分量称为预旋。若叶轮进口处绝对速度的切向分量与叶轮旋转的圆周速度方向一致,称为正预旋;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">预旋是由进气导向器产生的,目的是避免气流在叶背处发生分离,防止压气机喘振。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压气机叶片为什么要扭转?如何扭转?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压气机叶片的扭转主要是为了保证从叶根到叶尖气流的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>攻角</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">都能在要求的范围之内。叶片的扭转情况是:在叶尖处叶型弯度小,叶型安装倾斜度大;在叶根处叶型弯度大,叶型安装倾斜度小。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压气机分哪两种?目前燃气涡轮发动机中常采用哪一种,为什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">离心式和轴流式。目前燃气涡轮发动机中常采用轴流式压气机。这是因为轴流式压气机具有下述优点:总的增压比高,单位面积的流通能力高,迎风面积小,阻力小。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压气机的增压比是如何定义的?它与级增压比有什么关系?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压气机的增压比是压气机出口处的总压与压气机进口处的总压之比。压气机的增压比等于各级增压比乘积。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是压气机的流量系数?影响压气机流量系数的因素有哪些?它的物理意义是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压气机的流量系统是工作叶轮进口处的绝对速度在发动机轴线的分量和工作叶轮旋转的切向速度之比。影响流量系数的因素有两个:一个是转速,另一个是叶轮进口处的绝对速度。物理意义:流量系数比设计值小,会使气流在叶背处发生分离;流量系数比设计值过大,使气流在叶盆处发生分离。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">7.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是压气机的流量特性?什么是压气机的喘振边界?什么是压气机的喘振裕度?</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在进入压气机空气的总温和总压保持不变的情况下,压气机的增压比和效率随进入压气机空气的流量和压气机转速的变化规律称为压气机的流量特性。将各转速下的不稳定工作点连接起来的曲线称为喘振边界。压气机喘振裕度指喘振线与工作线的距离。更具体的说,喘振裕度为在同一空气流量下,喘振点和工作点的增压比之差与工作点增压比的比值。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是压气机的喘振?导致喘振的根本原因是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">喘振是气流沿压气机轴线方向发生的低频高振幅的振荡现象。导致喘振的根本原因是压气机在非设计状态下工作,气流在叶背处发生分离。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">9.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是进入压气机叶片气流的攻角?影响攻角的因素有哪些?它的物理意义是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工作叶轮进口处相对速度的方向与叶片弦线之音的夹角叫攻角。影响攻角的因素有两个:一个是转速,另一个是工作叶轮进口处的绝对速度(大小和方向)。物理意义是:正攻角过大,会使气流在叶背处发生分离;负攻角过大,会气流在叶盆处发生分离。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是进气道的冲压比?影响进气道冲压比的因素有哪些?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 33.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进气道的冲压比是:进气道上出口处的总压与远前方气流静压的比值。影响冲压比因素有:流动损失,飞行速度和大气温度。当大气温度和飞行速度一事实上时,流动损失大,则冲压比下降;当大气温度和流动损失一定时,飞行速度越大,则冲压比增加;当飞行速度和流动损失一定时,大气温度上升,则冲压比下降。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 33.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃烧室中的主燃区,补燃区,掺混区的主要作用是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主燃区:占总进气量</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">25%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">左右的气流从火焰筒的头部经旋流器进入燃烧室,与燃油混合,形成余气系数稍小于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的混合气,进行燃烧。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">补燃区:从火焰筒侧壁开的也进入燃烧室的第二股空气与剩下的燃油进行补充燃烧。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">掺混区:使第二股气流与燃气进行混合,降低燃气的温度并</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">控制燃烧室出口处的温度分布以满足涡轮的要求,冷却保护火焰筒。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 25.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 25.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">12.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃烧室中的余气系数是如何定义的?其物理意义是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">余气系数是:进入燃烧室的空气流量与进入燃烧室的燃油流量完全燃烧所需要的最少的理论空气流量之比。余气系数的物理意义是:余气系数小于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时,为富油;余气大于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时,为贫油。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃烧中的一股气流和二股气流的主要功用是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第一股气流由燃烧室的头部进入,其功用是与燃油混合,进行燃烧。第二股气流由火焰筒侧壁上开的小孔进入燃烧室,其功用是:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进行补充燃烧;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与燃气进行掺混,降低燃气的温度;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>控制燃烧室出口处的温度分布,以满足涡轮对温度的要求</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">冷却保护火焰筒。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">14.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃烧室中安装旋流器的主要作用是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旋流器是由若干旋流片按一定角度沿周向排列成的。旋流器安装在火焰筒的前部,当空气流过旋流器时,由轴向运动变成旋转运动,气流被惯性离心力甩向四周,使燃烧室的中心部分形成一个低压区,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>于是火焰筒四周及一部分离温燃气便低压区流,形成回流</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,使气流轴向速度比较小,</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">形成稳定的点火源,提高燃烧效率。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">15.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃烧室常见故障是什么?造成这些故障的主要原因是什么?</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">局部过热和熄火。造成局部过热的原因是</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃油分布不均匀和空气流动遭到破坏</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。造成熄火的原因是混合气的余气系数超出了稳定燃烧的范围。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">16.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进口导向叶片的功能是什么?决定进入压气机叶片气流攻角的因素是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进口导向叶片引导气流以最合适的角度进入压气机。决定因素是:工作叶轮进口处的绝对速度(大小和方向),压气机的转速。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">17.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简要说明压气机中间级放气防喘的原理。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压气机中间级放气防喘原理是通过改变流量来改变工作叶轮进口处的绝对速度的轴向分量大小来改变其相对速度的大小和方向,减小攻角,达到防喘的目的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">18.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">目前涡轮风扇发动机大多采用什么类型的燃烧室?为什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大多采用环型燃烧室。环型燃烧室的优点有:环形面积利用率高;迎风面积小,重量较轻;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>点火性能好</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">;总压损失小;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>出口温度分布能满足要求</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">19.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进气道的功用是什么?什么是进气道冲压恢复?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">功用:在各种状态下,将足够量的空气,以最小的流动损失,顺利地引入压气机;冲压恢复是在发动机进气道空气压力增加,这是由于飞机的前进速度,空气以一定速度流进发动机引起的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简要说明空气在多级压气机中的流动。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">空气流过导向器时,速度略有上升,压力略有下降,产生预旋。空气流过叶轮时,绝对速度上升;相对速度下降;压力增大;温度上升。流过整流环时空气速度下降;压力增大;温度上升。提供合适的气流方向。流过最后一级整流环时速度下降;压力增大;温度上升,流速变为轴向。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">21.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简要说明可调静子叶片防喘的原理。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过改变静子叶片的安装角度来改变工作叶轮进口处的绝对速度的方向,也就是改变预旋量,减小攻角,达到防喘的目的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简要说明多转子的防喘原理。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">双转子或三转子的防喘原理是通过各转子以不同的转速运转,分别改变牵连速度,改变速度三角形,以减小攻角,达到防喘目的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">简述可调静子叶片(</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-highlight: yellow"><FONT face="Times New Roman">VSV</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">)工作原理。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-highlight: yellow"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">VSV</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是将高压压气机的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>进口导向叶片和前几前级静子叶片</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">做成可调的;压气机控制参数包括</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>转速和温度</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。当压气机转速从其设计值往下降低时,静子叶片角度逐渐关小,以使空气流到后面的转子叶片上的角度合适。当压气机转速增加时,静子叶片角度逐渐开大。</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">VSV</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的工作状态由</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">FADEC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或液压机械式燃油控制器控制</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FADEC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或液压机械式燃油控制器控制伺服操作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">VSV</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">作动器的移动,再通过摇臂组件、主杆、连杆等传到作动环,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>作动环使连到它上面的所有叶片同时转角</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。叶片实际位置通过</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>反馈钢索</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">传回控制器与要求位置比较。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">24.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述发动机防喘放气活门如何工作及当大气温度变化时,活门打开或关闭的发动机转速如何变化?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般在</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>低功率和减速</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时放气活门打开,放掉一部分压气机中间级,或低压压气机后高压压气机前的空气;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>一旦脱离喘振区</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,放气活门关闭。活门关闭过早或过晚均不利,关闭过早发动机没有脱离喘振范围,仍可能喘振;关闭过晚,放掉空气,造成浪费。关闭转速还受大气温度变化的影响,大气温度高,关闭转速应增大。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">25.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对航空燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧室有哪些基本的要求?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">要求有:点火可靠;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃烧稳定;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃烧充分;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">总压损失小;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃烧室尺寸小</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">出口温度分布满足要求;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃烧产物对大气污染小</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">26.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">转子上止推支点的作用是什么?每个转子有几个止推支点</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">转子上的止推支点除承受转子的轴向负荷、径向负荷外,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>还决定了转子相对机匣的轴向位置</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">每个转子只能有一个止推支点。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">27.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在涡喷发动机上什么是柔性联轴器?什么刚性联轴器?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">允许涡轮转子相对压气机转子轴线有一定的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>偏斜角</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,这种联轴器称为柔性联轴器。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">将涡轮轴与压气机轴刚性的联成一体,这种联轴器称为刚性联轴器。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">28.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用于涡轮发动机涡轮叶片的两种结构型式是什么?说明其特点。</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡轮叶片型式有带冠叶片和不带冠叶片。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">带冠叶片增加刚度,减少振动,叶型薄可抵消叶冠重量增加,降低二次损失,提高涡轮效率。不带冠的叶片重量轻,叶尖间隙可以通过涡轮间隙主动控制技术提高涡轮效率。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">29.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">涡轮工作叶片安装到轮盘上的最佳型式是什么?它的优缺点是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-highlight: yellow"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">枞树型榫头。优点:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>重量轻</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,由于叶片榫头呈楔形,所以材料利用合理;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>强度高</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>高温下工作对热应力不敏感;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>拆装及更换叶片方便</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。缺点:</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">加工精度要求高,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">容易出现裂纹。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">30.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡轮的落压比是如何定义的?对于双转子发动机的高压涡轮落压比在什么转速范围内保持不变?为什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡轮的落压比是涡轮进口处的总压与涡轮出口处的总压之比。高压涡轮的落压比在</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>中等转速以上就保持不变</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。因为这时涡轮导向器</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>处于临界或超临界工作状态</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">31.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是转子支承方案?如何表示?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机中,转子采用几个支承结构(支点),安排在何处,称为转子支承方案。为了表示转子支点的数目与位置,常用两条前、后排列的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>横线分别代表压气机转子和涡轮转子</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,两条横线</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>前后及中前的数字表示支点的数目</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">32.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是涡轮叶片的蠕变?原因是什么</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蠕变是涡轮叶片的持久伸长。它是由于负荷的长期作用结果产生的塑性变形,与</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>时间和温度</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">相关。涡轮叶片蠕变是由热负荷和离心负荷长时间作用引起。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">33.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是喷管的实际落压比和可用落压比?它们之间的关系什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">实际落压比是喷管进口处的总压与喷管出口处的静压之比。可用落压比是喷管进口处的总压与喷管外的反压(大气压)之比。可用落压比可以大于等于实际落压比。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">34.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么叫喷管?喷管分为哪两种基本类型?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">凡是使气流压力下降,速度增加的管道叫喷管。喷管分为亚音速喷管和超音速喷管。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">35.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述亚音速喷管的三种工作状态的特征。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">亚临界工作状态:喷管出口马赫数小于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,出口静压等于反压(大气压),是完全膨胀。可用落压比等于实际落压比。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">临界工作状态:喷管出口马赫等于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,出口静压等于反压,实际落压比等于要可落压比,都等于临界压比,是完全膨胀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">超临界工作状态:喷管出口马赫数等于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,出口静压大于大气压,是不完全膨胀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">36.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果燃气涡轮发动机在所有工作状态下排气温度高、燃油流量大和发动机转速低,可能原因是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>涡轮损坏或涡轮效率降低。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由于涡轮的问题,不能有效地将燃气的热能转变成有用功,造成排气温度高,转速低。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃油控制器</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">监视到转速低则增加燃油流量,所以,燃油流量大。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">37.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃气涡轮发动机上使用哪些种类的封严件?及其作用?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蓖齿式封严件;浮动环(环形)封严件;液压封严件;石墨封严件;刷式封严件。封严件用于</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>防止滑油从发动机轴承腔漏出</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>控制冷却空气流和主气流的燃气进入涡</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">轮盘空气腔。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">38.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">排气锥(排气塞)和外壁之间的通道通常做成扩散形的,为什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>降低气流的速度,以减小摩擦损失</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。从发动机涡轮流出的燃气进入排气系统,由于燃气速度高会产生很高的摩擦损失,所以气流的速度要通过扩散加以降低,这是通过将排气塞和外壁之间的通道面积不断地加大实现。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">39.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">简述涡轮间隙控制方法</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">控制涡轮间隙的目的是保证叶尖与机匣间的间隙在发动机的各个状态为最佳值。主动控制方法是</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>根据发动机的工作状态从不同的压气机级引气控制涡轮机匣的膨胀量</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。被动控制主要是采取</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">膨胀量合适的材料和不做调节的气流冷却。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">40.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述什么是“挤压油膜”式轴承及作用。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在某些发动机上,为了尽量减少从旋转组件传向轴承座的动力负荷的影响,采用了挤压油膜式轴承。在轴承外圈和轴承座之间留有很小的间隙,该间隙中充满了滑油。该油膜阻尼了旋转组件的径向运动及传向轴承座的动力载荷,因此减低了发动机的振动及疲劳损坏的可能性。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">41.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述燃气涡轮发动机</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>喷管的功用</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">使燃气膨胀,加速,提高燃气的速度;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产生反推力(通过安装反推装置);</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">降低噪音(通过安装噪声抑制器);</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改变发动机的工作状态</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(通过尾喷口面积可调)</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">42.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高压涡轮的叶片和导向器是如何冷却的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高压涡轮的导向器和转子叶片做成空心的。冷却气流从叶片内腔由根部向尖部流动冷却叶片,同时通过前缘和尾缘的小孔流出在叶片外表面形成气膜冷却。空气沿导向器和叶片表面冲击,然后随排气流出发动机。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">43.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自由涡轮式涡轴发动机的两个主要部分是什么?现代直升机的旋翼通常由谁驱动?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃气发生器部分和自由涡轮部分。由自由涡轮通过减速器驱动。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">44.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">直升机驾驶舱中的功率杆和桨距杆各有什么功用?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>功率杆给出燃气发生器可以提供的最大功率</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,该杆控制起动停车,燃气发生器的转速等。</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">桨距杆确定发动机实际发出的功率。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">45.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在现代涡桨发动机中,多采用恒速螺旋桨,如何保持螺旋桨恒速?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由螺旋桨调速器实现的,它感受螺旋桨转速,通过改变螺旋桨的桨叶角,即变大距,变小距,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>改变负荷</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保持螺旋桨恒速。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">46.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由多台发动机驱动旋翼的直升机中,当总扭矩超限时,应如何处理?为什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">应同时减少各台发动机的燃油流量,减少输出扭矩。这是因为由多台发动机驱动旋翼的直升机中要求各台发动机输出的功率相同,即功率应匹配。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">47.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡喷发动机、低涵道比和高涵道比的涡扇发动机中,噪声的主要来源各是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">噪声来源于风扇、压气机、涡轮、排气流或喷口。涡喷发动机和低涵道比涡扇发动机中,噪声的主要来源是尾喷气流;高涵道比涡扇发动机中,排气噪声下降,主要噪声源是风扇和涡轮。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">48.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡轮轴发动机中由什么部件保证旋翼转速恒定和涡轮前燃气总温不超限?</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>自由涡轮转速调节器</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保证动力涡轮转速等于选定的基准值,以保持旋翼的转速恒定。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>排气温度限制器</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保持涡轮前燃气总温不超限。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">49.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡轮螺旋桨发动机产生的总推力(拉力)如何分配的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">典型的涡轮螺旋桨发动机,螺旋桨负责总拉力的大约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">85~90%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,其余的由喷气推力产生。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">50.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡桨发动机控制器的功用是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡桨发动机燃油控制器接</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>受驾驶员的功率要求信号</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,控制器考虑一些变量和调节燃油流量,提供要求的功率而且不超过发动机转速和涡轮进口温度限制。涡桨发动机的螺旋桨调速器控制螺旋桨的转速,通过控制螺旋桨的桨叶角实现。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">51.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡桨发动机的特点?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡轮螺旋桨发动机综合了涡轮喷气发动机的优点同螺旋桨桨的推进效率。涡轮喷气发动机通过迅速加速相对小的空气质量</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>产生它的推力,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡轮螺桨对相对大的空气质量施加较少的加速</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>产生拉力。</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">52.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡桨发动机的拉力由谁产生?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡桨发动机的涡轮设计成从膨胀的燃气中吸收大量的能量不仅提供满足压气机和其他附件需要的功率,而且</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>输出最大可能的扭矩到螺旋桨轴</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">拉力是由在前面的螺旋桨和后面的喷管组合作用产生的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">53.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡桨发动机的负拉力是如何实现的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过螺旋桨的桨叶角为负值,产生负拉力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">54.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为什么现代涡轮轴发动机控制采用电子控制装置?</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这是因为采用电子控制装置时,旋翼的恒速,负载的分配,超温限制,超扭限制等功能易于实现,而且</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">能自动精确地调准保证旋翼转速下的功率要求。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">55.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为什么民用大型飞机广泛应用涡扇发动机?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡扇发动机排气噪音低(因为需要附加有涡轮驱动风扇,从发动机排气提取更多的功率,减少排气速度)。在高亚音速范围内,与涡喷发动机相比,推力大。推进效率高。燃油消耗率低。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">56.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">双转子涡喷发动机中是如何满足高压转子和低压转子的共同工作的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机根据高压转子转速调节供油量,来控制高压涡轮前燃气的总温,使高压涡轮输出的功率等于高压压气机消耗的功率,满足高压转子和低转子的共同工作。这时低压涡轮输出一定数值的功率,在某一转速下,低压压气机所消耗的功率恰好等于低压涡轮输出的功率,低压转子便自动地稳定在该转速下工作。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">57.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">双转子涡轮喷气发动机有哪些特点?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与单转子涡喷发动机相比,双转子涡喷发动机的特点有:</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在更广阔的范围内可稳定工作;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">总增压比高,推力大;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在较低转速下,具有较低的涡轮前燃气总温;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">容易起运,所需起动功率低,可以采用较小功率的起动机。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">58.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是直接传动涡轮螺旋桨发动机?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡桨发动机,功率直接从传动轴驱动螺旋桨减速器产生。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">59.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是涡轮轴发动机的功率匹配最大原理?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">直升机采用多台发动机时,要求每台发动机输出功率应相同,即功率匹配,若不同,则输出功率大的不变,使输出功率小的发动机增加燃油量增大输出,直到与输出大的相等为止,这称为匹配最大原理。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">60.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是燃气涡轮喷气发动机的速度特性?其规律如何?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在给定的调节规律下,保持发动机的转速和飞行高度水变时,发动机的推力和燃油消耗率随飞行速度的变化规律,叫发动机的速度特性。在低速范围内,随着飞行马赫数的增大,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>推力有所下降;燃油消耗率增加</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。在高速范围内,随着飞行马赫数的增大,燃油消耗率增加,推力开始增大但当马赫数继续增大时推力转为下降。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">61.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是燃气涡轮喷气发动机的加速性?大气条件和飞行状态对发动机的加速性有何影响?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机由慢车转速上升到最大转速所需的时间叫加速性。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大气温度越低,发动机的加速性能越好。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大气压力越高,发动机的加速性能越好。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">飞行速度越高,发动机的加速性能越好。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">62.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是燃气涡轮发动机的特性?发动机特性分哪几种?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃气涡轮发动机的推力和燃油消耗率随发动机转速,飞行高度和飞行速度的变化规律叫发动机特性。分为:转速特性、高度特性和速度特性。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">63.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">燃气涡轮喷气发动机与活塞式发动机相比有哪些特点</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与活塞式发动机相比燃气涡轮喷气发动机</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>结构简单</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>重量轻,推力大,推进效率高</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>而且在很大的飞行速度范围内,发动机的推力随着飞行速度的增加而增加</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">64.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃气涡轮喷气发动机常用的工作状态有哪些?是如何确定的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">起飞状态:在起飞时批准使用的最大推力,发动机在此状态下的工作有时间限制。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最大连续状态:批准的连续工作使用的最大推力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巡航状态:批准使用的巡航时的最大推力,工作时间不受限制。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">慢车状态:适用于在地面或在空中工作的最小推力。油门杆在慢车位。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">65.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃气涡轮发动机中,在进气整流罩和风扇机匣内表面安装</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>吸音材料</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">降低噪声的原理是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">原理:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>将声能转变为热</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。吸声衬垫由蜂窝底板支撑的多孔面板组成;面板的声学特性和衬垫的厚度与</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">噪声特性相匹配,有效地抑制噪声。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">66.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">燃气涡轮发动机加速时应注意什么?</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-highlight: yellow"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">注意:不能发生涡轮超温,发动机超转,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>压气机不能发生喘振,燃烧室不要出现富油熄火。</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">67.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简要说明涡扇发动机的速度特性。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在给定的调节规律下,保持发动机的转速和飞行高度水变时,发动机的推力和燃油消耗率随飞行速度的变化规律,叫发动机的速度特性。随着速度增大</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>,推力减小</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,而且涵道比越大,推力下降的越快。随着速度增大,燃油消耗率增加,而且涵道比越大,增加的越快。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">68.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述涡扇发动机的质量附加原理。</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当发动机获得一定的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>机械能</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">之后,通过将这部分可用能的重新分配,将内涵得到的一部分可用能传递给外涵,以增加发动机的总空气流量,降低其排气速度,降低噪音,并在一定的飞行马赫数范围内,</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">增大发动机的推力,降低燃油水泵率。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">69.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">何谓涡桨发动机?涡桨发动机螺旋桨可由哪两种方法驱动?</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当从涡喷发动机基本部分(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃气发生器</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)的排气用于旋转附加的涡轮,涡轮通过减速器驱动螺旋桨,这就是涡桨发动机。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可由</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃气发生器涡轮驱</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">动,也可由它自己的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>自由涡轮驱动</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">70.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">何为燃气涡轮喷气发动机的转速特性?其规律如何?</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在保持飞机的飞行高度和飞行速度不变的条件下,发动机的推力和燃油消耗率随发动机转速的变化规律,叫做发动机的转速特性,又叫节流特性。推力随转速的增加而增大;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃油消耗率随转速的增加而下降</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,接近最大转速附近,略有增加。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">71.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">何为燃气<SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">涡轮喷气发动机的高度特性</SPAN>?其规律如何?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在给定调节规律的条件下,保持发动机的转速和飞行速度不变时,发动机的推力和燃油消耗率随飞行高度的变化规律。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">推力随着飞行高度的增加而下降,</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN>ffice:smarttags" /&gt;<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com<img src=" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="11000" UnitName="米"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">11000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以下下降的慢,在</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="11000" UnitName="米"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">11000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以上的同温层内,下降的较快</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。燃油消耗率随着飞行高度的增加,在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以下下降,在</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="11000" UnitName="米"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以上的同温层不变。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">72.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">飞行高度对发动机推力有什么影响?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高度对推力的影响是同空气密度相关的。随着飞机高度增加,空气压力减小,温度也下降。压力减小,密度减小,推力减小。温度下降,密度增大,推力增加。但是,外界空气压力减少比温度下降的快。所以,随高度增加,发动机实际推力下降。当高度到达同温层,温度停止下降,外界压力随高度继续下降时,推力下降较快。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">73.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当飞机的飞行高度升高时,简要说明如何保证发动机的稳态工作?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当飞行高度升高时,由于大气密度减少,进入发动机的空气流量减少,使压气机功率和涡轮功率随之减少,这时若供油量保持不变,涡轮前燃气总温会升高,使涡轮功率增大,涡轮功率将大于压气机功率,发动机转速会增大,为了保持转速不变,随</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">着飞行高度的增高,应适当地减少供油量。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">74.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">在监控型发动机电子控制器中,</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-highlight: yellow"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EEC</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">的功用是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机电子控制具有</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>监督能力</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,对推力(功率)进行</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>精确控制</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,并对发动机重要工作参数进行</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>安全限制</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。此外,由于电子控制便于同飞机接口,易于推力管理,状态监视,及信号显示和数据储存。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">75.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在发动机控制中,什么是稳态控制,过渡控制,安全限制?</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">稳态控制:在外界干扰量发生变化时,保持既定的发动机稳态工作点。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">过渡控制:当发动机从一个工作状态改变到另一个工作状态时,能快速响应,且又保证稳定可靠的工作,不走出允许的限制。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">安全限制:在各种工作状态及飞行条件下,保证发动机主要参数不超出安全极限。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">76.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FADEC</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统中,液压机械式装置的作用是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FADEC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">控制中,液压机械装置已不再具有计算功能,但燃油计量功能以及对可变几何形状作动器及活门控制的伺服油,动力油仍由它提供,即液压机械装置成为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EEC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>执行机构</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。有的机型上液压机械装置还有</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>超转保护功能</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">77.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">单油路喷嘴相比双油路喷嘴有哪些优点?</B></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与单油路相比,在相同的最大燃油压力下,双油路喷嘴能够在较宽的流量范围内实现有效雾化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">而且在高空条件下如果要求低燃油流量时,也可获得有效的雾化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">它能在</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>从慢车到起飞状态燃油流量变化很大的情况下,保证喷嘴的良好雾化</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">78.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">新型发动机有几个慢车转速?如何转换?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进近慢车和地面慢车。进近慢车是当进近着陆时使用,如果进近着陆不成功,保证复飞时迅速加速。飞机成功着陆后</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4~5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">秒</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为地面慢车。进近慢车转速比地面慢车转速高。通常由控制器中</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>慢车电磁活门通电、断电</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">完成转换。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">79.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为什么说</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FADEC</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是全功能的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在发动机控制方面,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FADEC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的功能包括输出参数(推力或功率)控制,燃油(启动、加速、减速、稳态)流量控制,压气机可调静子叶片(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">VSV</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)和可调放气活门(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">VBV</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)控制,涡轮间隙主动控制(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ACC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>发动机冷却空气流量控制</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,发动机滑油和燃油的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>温度管理</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>发动机安全保护以及启动和点火控制</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,反推控制。此外,它还具有状态监视,故障诊断,事件记录,数据通信功能。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">80.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说明液压机械燃油控制器的特征?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">液压机械式控制器,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>其计算由凸轮、杠杆等机械元件组合实现</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,使用燃油作为伺服油。通常分为计量部分和计算部分。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">它有良好的使用经验和较高的可靠性。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">它除控制供往燃烧室的燃油外,还操纵控制发动机可变几何形状,例如可调静子叶片、放气活门、放气带等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">81.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说明发动机燃油加温的目的和方法。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">目的:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>防止燃油结冰堵塞油滤</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">加温燃油通过压气机后的热空气或者用发动机的滑油回油。实现方式是燃油经过燃油泵初步增压后,离开燃油泵流经燃油加热器或燃油</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">滑油散热器,通过热交换,得到加温。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">82.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是热起动?造成热起动的原因是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">热起动是指在起动过程中,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EGT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上升过快,即将超温或已超过红线限制,这时必须中止起动。造成热起动的原因是燃油</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">空气混合比不正确。这可能是供油太早或太多,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>起动机功率不足或转子摩擦增大</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>使转速增加太慢,空气流量增加缓慢</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">83.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是全功能(全权限)数字电子控制?</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">全权限或称全功能数字电子控制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FADEC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>管理和控制发动机的所有系统的总称</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FADEC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">控制中,发动机电子控制器</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" color=#ff0000>EEC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或称电子控制装置</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" color=#ff0000>ECU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是它的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>核心</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。液压机械装置</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" color=#ff0000>HMU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或称燃油计量装置</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FMU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是它的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>执行机构</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,保留了原液压机械控制器的计量部分功能。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">84.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是起动悬挂?造成起动悬挂的原因是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">起动过程中发动机的转速不能达到慢车转速而停在某一转速下不上升称为起动悬挂。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">起动悬挂的原因有:启动机带转没有到达自加速转速即脱开,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃油供油不当</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,压气机性能衰减,气源压力不足,场温太高和场压过低。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">85.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是发动机的启动过程,启动过程分哪三个阶段?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机的起动过程是使发动机转子的转速由零增加到慢车转速的过程。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>根据带动发动机转子加速的驱动力的来源</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,可将加速过程分为三个阶段。他们是:(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)第一个阶段:由启动机单独带动发动机转子加速;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第二个阶段:由启动机和涡轮转子共同带动发动机转子加速;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第三个阶段:由涡轮转子单独带动发动机转子加速。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">86.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是发动机的冷转和假启动(湿冷转)?各有什么作用?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">冷转是不喷油,不点火,仅由起动机带动发动机转动,用于排除积油,积液,冷却发动机。假启动(湿启动)是只供油,不点火,由启动机带动发动机转子到一定的转速。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>用于检查燃油系统的工作</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">87.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是被控参数,可控变量,给定值,干扰量?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">被控参数:能表征被控对象(发动机)的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>工作状态</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">又被控制的参数。如</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">N1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">N2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EPR</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。可控变量:能</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>影响被控对象的工作过程</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,用来改变被控参数大小的因素。如燃油流量,螺旋桨的桨叶角。给定值:驾驶员的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>指令值</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。如推力杆角度。干扰量:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>引起被控参数发生变化的外部作用量</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。如飞行高度、速度的变化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">88.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃油控制器中最小压力活站或增压活门的作用?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为保证燃油控制器内</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>伺服机构</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工作正常以及离开燃油控制器的燃油</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>有足够的压力使喷嘴雾化模型良好</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,控制器内有最小压力活门或增压活门。离开控制器的计量燃油,其压力必须高于活门打开压力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">89.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃油控制器中哪个部件负责计量燃油?如何计量所需的燃油流量?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃油控制器中</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃油计量活门</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">负责计量燃油。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通常采用两种方法计量所需燃油流量,即用压差活门或压力调节活门保持计量活门进出口压差不变,改变计量活门</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>流通面积</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。或保持计量活门流通面积不变,改变计量活门</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>进出口压差</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">90.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃油和滑油滤中的压差电门感受什么参数?它是如何工作的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃油和滑油滤中的压差电门感受和测量油滤进出口压差;指示油滤堵塞情况。其工作情况是:油滤前后压力分别作用在</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>薄膜</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的每一边,当压差达到预定值时,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>作动微动电门</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,该电门与驾驶舱的警告灯相连,灯亮表示油滤堵塞。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">91.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃气涡轮发动机若在飞行中熄火,应如何再点火?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">应使飞机降低飞行高度和飞行速度,调整到</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>空中启动包线</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">之内,这时仅使点火系统工作即可。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>若发动机风车转速不够</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>仍需要起动机帮助</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,则起动程序与地面起动一样。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">92.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃气涡轮发动机点火系统的特点是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">只在超动点火的过程中工作,只要在燃烧室中形成稳定的点火火源之后,点火系统就停止工作。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>要求火花能量大,因为点火的工作条件差,采用高能电容复合式点火系统</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,每台发动机总是装备两套系统,对发动机的性能无影响。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">93.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃气涡轮发动机点火系统的功用是什么?点火系统都在哪些情况下工作?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">功用:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>产生电火花,点燃油气混合气</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。在地面和空中起动时,提供高值电能输出到电嘴。在起飞,着陆或恶劣天气如雨、雪或在不稳定的气流中飞行,以及防冰活门在接通位时,为避免燃烧室熄火,发动机的一个电嘴工作。(低值电能输出)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">94.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">空气雾化喷嘴的优点有哪些?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">空气雾化喷嘴使喷入燃烧室中的燃油携带了一部分空气,可以避免产生局部富油,因此</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>减少了积炭</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和排气冒烟。这种喷嘴燃油雾化要求的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>压力低,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以采用较轻的齿轮泵。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">95.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述发动机的启动过程。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作发动机启动电门,启动机工作,发动机转速达到一定值时,开始点火、转速大</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">约到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高压燃油关断开关置于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ON</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">位,燃烧室开始供油</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。燃油空气混合气点燃;涡轮输出功率,由启动机和涡轮共同带动发动机加速到自维持转速以后,启动机脱开。发动机自行加速到慢车转速。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">96.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机用双路式喷嘴是如何工作的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">双路式喷嘴中心有喷油孔,中心孔的外面还有一圈喷油孔。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>低燃油流量时</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仅中心孔喷油,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>燃油流量增大时</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中心孔和外圈喷油孔也同时喷油。对于有主、副燃油总管的燃油供应系统,这种类型喷嘴采用增压和卸油活门将燃油分配到不同的总管,即燃油分配在增压和卸油活门进行,如</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">JT8D</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">JT9D</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机。对不用主、副燃油总管的燃油供应系统,在喷嘴内有</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>增压活门</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,随燃油流量和压力增加,增压活门打开,燃油开始进入外圈喷油孔。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">97.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机燃油系统主要部件有哪些?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃油泵、燃油加热器、燃油滤、燃油控制器、燃油流量计、燃油滑油散热器、燃油分配活门或增压和泄油活门,燃油总管、燃油喷嘴。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">98.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机启动常见故障有哪些?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">启动超温、转速悬挂、振动过大、启动机不能自动脱开以及</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>发动机的参数摆动</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>喘振</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等故障。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">99.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点火装置的高值输出和低值输出各在什么情况下使用?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为保证发动机在地面启动和在高空获得良好的再点火性能,需要高值输出。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在某些条件下,象结冰或在大雨和雪中起飞及在颠簸中飞行时,点火系统连续工作是必要时的,以便一旦发生熄灭时进行自动再点燃。对于这种情况,</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">采用低值输出有利于延长点火电嘴和点火装置的寿命。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 15.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">100.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点火系统主要包括哪些部分?通常发动机上安装几个电嘴?如何使用?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点火系统包括点火激励器,点火导线,点火电嘴以及相应的冷却系统。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">安装</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个电嘴。必要时使用双电嘴点火。一般左点火电嘴和右点火电嘴交替使用,延长电嘴寿命。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">101.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从流量公式来看,如何改变供给发动机的燃油流量?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过改变燃油经过的计量活门(节流活门)的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>通油面积</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或计量活门</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>前、后压差</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">实现,或者二者均变。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">102.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">详述如何测量发动机燃气排气温度?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">排气温度测量便用</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>热电偶。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为测量平均温度,常常多个热电偶</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>并联连接</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。热电偶是两种不同金属丝,端点相连。位排气流中的是热端,指示器端的是冷端或基准端。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>电路中产生的热电势和两端温度差成正比。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为使冷端补到</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>摄氏零度</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,在电路内装有</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>自动温度补偿器</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">103.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡扇发动机</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>机械式操纵</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可分成哪几个分系统?其主要部件有哪些?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分成:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>启动操纵系统、正推力操纵系统</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>反推力操纵系统</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操纵系统包括推力杆、反推杆、启动杆(停车杆)、鼓轮、钢索、扇形轮、推拉钢索、钢索保险、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>齿轮齿条</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、电门等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">104.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为了对滑油进行分析,什么时候取油样?取油样时应注意什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在发动机停车后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分钟内,尽快取油样</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">取油样时要注意</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>不要发生烫伤</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,因为这时滑油温度是很高的,同时要注意当滑油溅到皮肤上时,要尽快地用干净水将滑油冲洗掉,这是因为</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>滑油有毒,易被皮肤吸收</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">105.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">说明发动机振动指示器的工作原理</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">振动指示器位于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">N1/N2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">转轴和涡轮机匣,</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">常用的两种</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>加速度计类型</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>电磁感应式</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>压电晶体式</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">传感器。振动指示器将发动机的机械振动转换为电压信号,传送到发动机振动监控组件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EVMU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EVMU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">过滤并分析这些信号,送到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EICAS/ECAM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">指示振动趋势。有的飞机将各个发动机的振动用一个最大值分几种形式(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">F<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">AN/LPT/N2/BB</B></FONT></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),经过</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EVMU</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">处理后,送到</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EICAS</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">指示振动趋势。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">106.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是滑油的粘度指数?粘度指数高指的是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">粘度指数</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>是滑油粘度随温度的变化率</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。在滑油温度变化下,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>滑油粘度指数高</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说明滑油</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>粘度随温度的变化小</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">107.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如何选择发动机用的滑油?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">要选择粘度适当的滑油,既承载能力强又有良好的流动性;选择高闪点的滑油;滑油应有较高的抗泡沫性,抗氧化性,</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">低的碳沉积,粘度指数高。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">108.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述质量流量传感器的工作原理?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一种流量传感器中,叶轮由三相交流马达恒速转动,燃油通过叶轮,叶轮对燃油施加一个旋转运动。从叶轮出来的旋转燃油再通过传感器涡轮,并试图转动涡轮。但涡轮有</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>校准弹簧</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的限制,它只能偏转一个角度。涡轮偏转量取决于质量流量。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">更多发动机使用的燃油流量传感器中,燃油先经整流器,到涡旋发生器后旋转燃油通过转子,再到涡轮。涡轮后有限制弹簧,转子可自由旋转,涡轮只能偏转。偏转角度取决于流量大小</SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。转子上有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个磁铁,对应着起始线圈和停止线圈</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。燃油流过时,测量起始脉冲和停止脉冲的时间间隔,反映流量大小。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">109.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述燃油</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">滑油热交换器何时进行热交换及如何工作?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">散热器上的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>温度控制活门</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">决定滑油是否流过散热器。当滑油温度低时,不需要散热,温度控制活门打开,滑油旁通绕过散热器;当滑油温度高时,温度控制活门关闭,滑油必须经过散热器。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">110.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述全流式润滑系统的特点。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">全流式系统:该系统可以在整个发动机转速范围内达到要求的滑油流量,它不用调压活门,但有释压活门。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>滑油压力由增压泵转速、滑油喷嘴尺寸、轴承腔压力决定</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由于滑油压力随工作状态变化而改变,保证发动机</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>各个状态</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下滑油压力和流量要求,特别是高功率状态的要求。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">111.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述高涵道比涡扇发动机反推力的类型和特点?是如何实现的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高涵道比涡扇发动机由于大部分推力是由风扇产生的,其反推是将通过风扇的气流反向而实现的。反推整流罩上</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>可移动套筒</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般由液压作动器推动向后,露出格栅段,带起阻流门进入阻流位置,堵住风扇气流向后的通道,迫使风扇气流转向,通过格栅排出,或者利用枢轴门排出,产生反推力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">112.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">监视发动机状况参数的仪表有哪些?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EPR</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EGT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、燃油流量、发动机转速、滑油压力、滑油温度、发动机振动值。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">113.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">滑油箱为什么要留有膨胀空间?膨胀空间有多大?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">滑油箱留有膨胀空间,这是因为润滑过的滑油</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>温度高</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,体积有一定的膨胀,而且流动过程中会产生</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>泡沫</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,也使</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>滑油体积</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">变大。所留的膨胀空间应为油箱容积的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue=".5" UnitName="加仑"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">加仑</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">两个数值中大的那个值。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">114.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">滑油系统主要包括哪些部件?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 31.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 5.25pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">滑油箱、滑油泵(供油泵和回油泵)、滑油滤、磁屑探测器(磁性堵塞)、滑油冷却器、油气分离器、释压活门、滑油喷嘴和最终油滤、滑油参数传感器等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">115.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">滑油系统工作指示包括监视滑油系统工作的哪些系数?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">滑油压力、滑油温度、滑油量以及警告指示;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>滑油滤旁通</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、低滑油压力警告。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">116.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机滑油系统的主要功用是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">润滑机件,减少摩擦,降低磨损;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">冷却,滑油循环吸收并带走发动机机件产生热量;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">滑油在零件表面形成油膜防腐作用;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">清洁作用,循环滑油将磨损的金属屑、灰尘、碳粒子、水分等杂质一起带走。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">117.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机滑油滤的油滤旁通活门的作用是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一旦油滤堵塞使油滤进出口压差达到一定数值时,旁通活门打开,未过滤滑油绕过油滤而</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>不使供油中断</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。与此同时,滑油滤压差电门接通,警告灯亮,表明滑油堵塞,应清洗油滤。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">118.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-highlight: yellow">发动机的内部空气系统的功用?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: windowtext; mso-highlight: yellow"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机内部和外部冷却系统:功用是发动机内部冷却、内部封严、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT color=#ff0000>推力轴承轴向负载平衡</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">;发动机整流罩和发动机机匣间的通风和附件冷却。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压气机控制系统(可调静子叶片、放气活门、可调放气活门),防止发动机失速喘振。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">间隙控制系统(涡轮叶片和机匣间隙控制,高压压气机间隙控制),在发动机工作期间,优化涡轮转子叶片间隙和高压压气机转子叶片间隙,提高发动机工作效率。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">119.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当使用反推时,推力杆和反推杆应什么位置?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">推力杆在慢车位;拉反推杆离开</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">OFF</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">位给出信号,解锁,展开反推装置;当反推装置完全展开后,伸出锁定;继续拉反推杆,反推力增大。使用完反推后,反推杆再次推回到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">OFF</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">位,反推装置收起。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">120.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">磁屑探测器安装在什么部位?磁屑探测器的作用是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">磁屑探测器装在滑油回油路上,探测含铁金属粒子,用来检测发动机内部的工作状态,判断轴承和齿轮的磨损情况。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">121.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">表示滑油性能的指标主要有哪些?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">粘度;流动点;闪点;燃点;粘度指数;酸值等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">122.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现代大型燃气涡轮发动机和</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的启动机分别是哪种类型?各有哪些优缺点?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分别是空气涡轮启动机和电动启动机或启动机</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发电机。空气涡轮启动机的优点是:扭矩大,重量轻,结构简单,使用方便,工作可靠。缺点:需要外界气源。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">启动机</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发电机的优点是重量轻,可以启动及发电,不需要外界电源和气源,缺点是输出扭矩小。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">123.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说明</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的引气有什么用途、使用要求?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用途:在地面起动主发电机。地面和起飞爬升时空调用气。可使飞机减少对地面设备的依赖。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">|</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">使用要求:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不管其电</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">气负荷的变化,都工作在接近其额定转速的区域。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃油控制器自动调节燃油流量保持该转速。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">124.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说明</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">启动和人工停车的部件以及</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">火警时,从何处进行灭火操作。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">启动只能在驾驶舱</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操纵面板上。人工停车部位:驾驶舱</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操纵面板;地面</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操纵面板。操纵装在驾驶舱</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">灭火控制板上的灭火开关;操纵装在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">地面控制板上的灭火开关。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">125.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述辅助动力装置及其组成。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是一台小型燃气涡轮发动机,系统:燃油、滑油、空气、控制、指示、排气、点火和启动系统。附件齿轮箱,装有发电机。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">126.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简述</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">启动的程序。</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 15.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在驾驶舱内,将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">P5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">面板上的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主电门置于启动位,进气门打开,启动机带转发动机到燃油和点火系统能够投入工作的转速,开始点火或点燃后发动机开始加速到稳态工作转速。当达到某一百分比转速时(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">35~50%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),启动机被离心电门自动断开,启动机停止工作。发动机继续加速至控制转速的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">95%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,离心电门断开点火电路。到达稳定工作状态(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">95%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">转速)以后,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以进行供电和供气。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">127.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext">APU</SPAN></B></FONT><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在哪些情况下会自动停车?如何保证排气温度</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EGT</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不超温的?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">超转(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">110%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),火警,低滑油压力和高滑油温度以有任何可能危及</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">安全的情况的保护性停车。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">||</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">APU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">引气负荷过大时,引气活门要关闭一些,减少引气量,而不使涡轮超温。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">128.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在地面启动发动机的过程中若发生失火,应如何处理?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在启动过程中,如发生失火火警警告,则应将:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">燃油关断手柄拉至关位,以切断燃油;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">切断液压油;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">切断主电源和引气;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不能脱开起动机,应让起动机带动发动机转子继续冷转直至发动机完全灭火为止。。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">129.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在地面启动发动机的过程中,特别是要监视的发动机的参数是哪些?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机的转速,排气温度攻滑油压力,振动值。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">130.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是监控参数的换算值?为什么要对监控参数进行换算?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">监控参数的换算值是将飞行状态所测得的数据换算到海平面标准状态下的值。由于发动机的性能通常都是按海平面标准大气状态确定的。因此在对发动机的性能进行检验或对比时,必须将表征发动机性能的参数换算到标准状态。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">131.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">什么是发动机的一次循环?记录发动机循环数和工作小时数的目的是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一次循环是指发动机启动、运转和停车。记录循环数和小时数用于监视限寿件,发动机零部件的性能变化,衰退率。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">132.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如何对压气机进行清洗?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用起动机带动发动机冷转,喷入水或乳化式的表面清洗剂,再加入漂洗溶液,最后用干净的水漂洗并干燥。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">133.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">航空燃气涡轮发动机状态监控系统包括有哪些内容?</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">性能监控,滑油分析,振动分析,无损探伤,孔探检查等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">134.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机状态监视的趋势分析目的是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">性能工程师进行趋势分析目的:识别装在飞机上的发动机和发动机部件的故障,指示系统的误差,评估性能保持随时间的变化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.75pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">135.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发动机监控参数的趋势分析的实质是什么?</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对发动机的状态进行诊断,以判明发动机是否有故障,发生故障的可能部位是什么。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 883.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: -17.95pt; mso-para-margin-left: 82.46gd; mso-char-indent-count: -1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>

天若有情 发表于 2011-11-6 08:48:49

楼主太好了,谢谢你了

chao63 发表于 2013-12-16 10:18:10

学习,谢谢

ringjin 发表于 2016-1-23 08:47:28

感谢分享,正是我需要的
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