航空 发表于 2011-8-4 21:15:46

基础执照口试题-执照口试题（第二册）

<P>基础执照口试题-执照口试题（第二册）</P>
<P>**** Hidden Message *****</P>

航空 发表于 2011-8-4 21:17:00

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">什么是铝合金的时效</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">?</SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">铝合金淬火处理后，在室温下自发强化的过程称为自然时效。有效铝合金淬火后必须在烘箱内加热到一定温度，并保温一段时间，才能获得理想的强度，这称为人工时效。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com<img src=" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><o:p><FONT size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">钛合金什么时候变脆</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">钛合金被加热到</SPAN>&gt;<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com<img src=" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="600" UnitName="℃"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">600</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">℃</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">以上时，极易吸收氢、氧等气体而变脆。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">合金钢的种类？举例说明。</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按合金钢中主要合金元素的种类可分为：锰钢、硅锰钢、铬钢等</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按合金钢中合金元素总含量分类可分为：低合金钢（合金元素总含量</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&lt;3.5%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）；中合金钢（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.5%&lt; &lt;10%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）；高合金钢（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&gt;10%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按合金钢的用途分类可分为：合金结构钢、合金工具钢及特殊用途钢。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中性面</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">弯曲金属板材时，在板的内侧曲面产生压缩力而在板外侧曲面产生拉伸力，在这两面之间的某一曲面处，将没有这两种力，该面称为中面或中性面。（第二册，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">P17</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，公式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蜂窝夹芯结构的受力及特性</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第二册，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">P21</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">哪些铆钉易损坏</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">铆钉的种类用在何处</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">按材料和热处理状态分类：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">纯铝铆钉－非结构件连接，例如客舱内装饰的连接。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">硬铝铆钉－外场铆钉、冰箱铆钉。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">超硬铝铆钉。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">防锈铝合金铆钉－铆接镁合金，避免不同金属间产生电偶腐蚀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">按铆钉头形状分类：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">埋头铆钉－用在飞机蒙皮与骨架的连接上，以减小干扰和阻力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">凸头铆钉。</SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">第五单元</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">航空器损伤与检查</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">金属构件表面干燥光洁，对其腐蚀性的意义？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">蒙皮腐蚀易损部位</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">蜂窝结构分层用什么方法检查</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">造成蜂窝结构损坏的原因</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">?</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #ff6600; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">什么叫金属腐蚀？类型？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">金属及其制品在生产和使用的过程中，在周围环境因素的作用下，发生破坏变质，改变了原有的化学、物理、机械等特性，称为金属腐蚀</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">根据金属腐蚀的过程，可以把腐蚀分为化学腐蚀和电化学腐蚀两大类</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">化学腐蚀现象</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">化学腐蚀是金属与环境介质直接发生化学反应而产生的损伤，在腐蚀过程中没有电流产生，腐蚀产物直接产生并覆盖在发生腐蚀的地方。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">腐蚀类型</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">电偶腐蚀；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">牺牲性腐蚀；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">缝隙腐蚀；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">丝状腐蚀；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">点腐蚀；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>6.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">晶间腐蚀；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>7.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">剥层腐蚀；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">8.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">微生物腐蚀；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>9.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">水银腐蚀；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>10.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">化学剂腐蚀</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">什么是牺牲性腐蚀？举例说明</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">为保护基体金属，避免基体金属腐蚀，经常采用的较为有效的防护措施是通过滚压、电镀和喷吐的方法，在基体金属上形成一层金属保护薄膜层。这层金属保护薄膜的电位较低，如果保护薄膜受到损伤，遭到腐蚀的首先是金属保护薄膜。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">例如在合金钢上镀锌或镀镉，镀层就是阳极。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">合金钢镀镉和镀镍是如何防腐蚀的</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">?</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">谁是阳极谁是阴极</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">牺牲性腐蚀。合金钢是阴极，镀层是阳极。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">缝隙腐蚀发生的部位在哪里？举例说明发生缝隙腐蚀的地方？海边为什么</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">......</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">金属与金属或金属与非金属之间，由于存在特定的狭小缝隙，限制了与腐蚀有关物质（如溶解氧等）的扩散，从而形成以缝隙为阳极的（氧）浓差电池，使缝隙内金属发生强烈的局部腐蚀。这种腐蚀称为缝隙腐蚀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">大气中，特别是海洋大气中含有氯化钠，他们会沉降在航空器结构上，对航空器结构形成缝隙腐蚀环境。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">点腐蚀容易发生在那<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>为什么说他的危害大<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">金属表面上产生的点状、小孔状的一种极为局部的腐蚀形态称为点腐蚀，或称为孔腐蚀。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">点腐蚀常常产生在金属表面的保护膜不完整或破损处。当保护膜损伤后，这种腐蚀最易发生在晶粒边界、夹杂物或缺陷处。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">点腐蚀对结构的破坏性较大。它以腐蚀向材料厚度方向迅速扩展为特征。这给清除腐蚀产物和修复工作带来极大困难。结构上因点蚀的打磨超过构件可允许的损伤范围而报废的情况是常见的。有些点腐蚀甚至穿透金属板。点腐蚀还有可能导致萌生疲劳裂纹<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">什么是剥层腐蚀？常见于何种型材？因什么原因而发生？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">剥层腐蚀是一种特定的晶间腐蚀。具有晶间腐蚀趋势的铝合金经过锻造、挤压、滚压和冲压后，晶粒变成宽长而扁平的形状，在一定的腐蚀环境中就容易产生剥层腐蚀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">这种腐蚀多见于挤压型材，以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">Al-Cu-Mg</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">系列合金发生剥层腐蚀最多。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">这类合金的腐蚀从金属表面开始，即以表面形式的腐蚀开始，进入晶间后沿着轧压平面的晶界继续腐蚀。腐蚀破坏了晶粒之间的结合力，腐蚀产物的体积大于生成此产物的金属的体积，于是形成一种拱开的力，使丧失了结合力的晶粒被撬起。这样沿着晶间一层一层的剥离下去，从而使腐蚀结果具有层状的外观。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">剥层腐蚀用什么方法进行检查？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">剥层腐蚀发生后，有时可以用肉眼发现，因为结构件表面有肿胀凸起迹象。如果紧固件头偏斜，头部拔出或破坏，可能是由于发生了剥层腐蚀。当剥层腐蚀较轻时，可用手指沿表面移动触摸，如果手感表面有鼓起现象，则构件可能产生剥层腐蚀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">如何防止微生物腐蚀</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">环境促使霉菌繁殖所产生的分泌物对构件的腐蚀称为微生物腐蚀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">通常是在微生物腐蚀的防护工作上下功夫，防止其发生。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">液压油对金属的腐蚀作用<SPAN lang=EN-US>?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">液压系统中的液压油如果泄漏或泼溅到航空器结构上，会破坏涂层，使涂层起泡。如果液压油泄漏或泼溅到高温钛合金构件上，会使液压油产生酸性物质，从而使钛合金构件产生严重化学剂腐蚀。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">电瓶舱为什么会发生腐蚀？铝合金被强碱腐蚀会有什么现象？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">航空器电瓶舱内的电瓶在充电或维护时可能溢出强碱电解液或酸性电解液。这些电解液如果不能得到及时的彻底中和或冲洗，将会使相应结构产生严重的化学剂腐蚀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">铝合金构件与强碱化学剂发生化学反应所产生的腐蚀产物是白色的粉状沉淀物。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">为什么要及时清除腐蚀产物？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">腐蚀产物是一种或多种多孔盐类，吸潮性较强，起加速腐蚀的作用。如果不及时清除腐蚀产物，将会使腐蚀变得越来越严重。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">如果结构得腐蚀严重，可能会危及飞行安全。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">为什么要彻底清除腐蚀产物？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">如果没有去除掉所有腐蚀物，留下部分残余腐蚀产物，将会继续腐蚀构件。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">合金钢去腐方法</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用机械法清除合金钢的腐蚀产物。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">腐蚀有哪些等级？如何确定腐蚀等级？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">航空器结构上的腐蚀产物清除后，可根据打磨后材料厚度的减少量和腐蚀面积的大小确定腐蚀等级。通常，航空器结构上的腐蚀按其严重程度分为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">级。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">目视强光源的使用，注意事项</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">借助于强光手电筒目视检查表面裂纹，方法如（第二册，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">P55</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">，图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">）所示，检验人员应将手电筒朝向自己，并使手电筒保持与表面呈</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">～</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">45</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">°角。绝不要使手电筒的反射光直接射到眼睛，应使眼睛保持在反射光束之上。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">目视检查腐蚀的要求</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">铝合金的腐蚀常在蒙皮边缘或铆钉头周围呈现白色或灰白色的粉末。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">腐蚀产物的体积通常比原金属的体积大，所以积累的腐蚀产物可使蒙皮鼓起，从而使蒙皮在铆钉处呈现微凹状态。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">铆钉断头或变形，说明蒙皮内表面可能产生腐蚀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">如果蒙皮上出现针眼大小的目视可见的小孔，这也说明蒙皮可能产生了腐蚀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">金属材料（特别是沿接缝处）表面的涂层变色、剥落、隆起、裂纹，预示可能产生了腐蚀</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">结构变形或连接缝隙变宽，预示可能产生腐蚀</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">7.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">用手触摸构件，可通过手感鼓起发现剥层裂纹。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ' '; mso-hansi-font-family: ' '">存在碎屑或污染物处，可能产生腐蚀</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡流检测原理</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡流检测是以电磁感应原理为基础的。检测线圈通交流电（即激磁电流），就会在线圈周围产生一个交变的磁场（即初级磁场）。如果将线圈靠近被检测的导电试件，在交变磁场的作用下，试件中就会感生出交变的电流——涡流。涡流也在试件中及其周围产生一个附加的交变磁场（次级磁场）。这个磁场的磁力线穿过激磁线圈时，就在线圈内产生感应电流。因为这个感应电流方向与涡流方向相反，与激磁线圈中原来的电流方向相同，所以线圈中的电流由于涡流的反作用加大。通过测量检测线圈中的电流变化量就可以判断试件中有无缺陷。这就是涡流检测的原理。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">涡流检测适用范围及优缺点</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>涡流检测可以用来检查航空器导电构件的疲劳损伤和腐蚀损伤。检测方法简单，仪器轻便可以移动，费用也不高，无需对检测表面做特殊清洁和准备工作，可作原位检查。检测方法检测精度比较高。</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>非金属构件，涡流检测方法不适用；</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">强磁性材料如热处理的碳钢或合金钢构件，表面磁导率不均匀易产生杂乱信号，故不采用涡流检测法。不能检测出平行于探测面的裂纹。<B>（</B></SPAN><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">为什么涡流探伤不适用于合金钢</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">?</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">）</SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ' '; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">X</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">射线检测原理</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">X</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">射线透过被检物体时，缺陷或损伤部位（如气孔、非金属夹杂物等）的密度不同，大大低于基体金属对射线的吸收能力。透过有缺陷或损伤部位的射线强度高于无缺陷或损伤部位的射线强度。所以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">X</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">射线感光胶片上对应于缺陷或损伤的部位，接受的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">X</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">射线粒子较多，从而形成缺陷和损伤部位影像的黑度也较高。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">磁粉检测</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">铁磁试件被磁化后，若试件存在表面或近表面的缺陷，会使试件表面产生漏磁。磁粉检测是通过检测漏磁来发现缺陷的一种无损检测方法。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">磁粉探测的适用范围有哪些？飞机上哪些构件使用磁粉探测？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">绝大多数铁磁性材料制成的零、部件，其表面和近表面缺陷和损伤的检查都可以用磁粉检测方法。采用磁粉探测只能确定缺陷的位置和长度，不能确定缺陷的深度。虽然奥氏体不锈钢是铁基材料，但它是非磁性材料，不能采用磁粉检测法进行损伤检查。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">在航空器维修中，对于铁基材料探伤广泛采用磁粉检测法，如检测钢紧固件、起落架构件及一些钢接头等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">如何目视检查蜂窝结构的水分？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">当蜂窝结构中含有水分时，由于飞机在巡航飞行时，环境温度在－</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="56" UnitName="℃"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">56</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">℃</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">左右，因此水分会结冰。飞机落地后，环境温度升高，水分解冻。这样，含有水分部位，表面上会出现水珠。根据这种物理现象，就可能发现含有水分部位。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">雷达复合材料含水的检查方法</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">电子水分检查仪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">重着陆检查项目？</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma">应当按特殊检查程序对飞机进行检查，确定飞机结构是否损坏。机翼蒙皮产生皱纹是一个最易发生的迹象。另一个是沿铆钉接缝处有燃油渗漏，起落架及周围结构可能会产生损伤。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

天若有情 发表于 2011-11-4 22:41:07

内容很好的，谢谢你了

ramege 发表于 2011-11-5 10:29:51

楼主辛苦，学习学习

Mossister 发表于 2011-11-5 15:40:14

谢谢楼主分享~

chao63 发表于 2013-12-18 13:50:11

学习，谢谢
页: [1]
查看完整版本: 基础执照口试题-执照口试题（第二册）