基础执照题库-飞机电气系统
<P>基础执照题库-飞机电气系统</P><P>**** Hidden Message *****</P> <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>飞机电源系统的组成部分是什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>飞机电源系统由主电源、辅助电源、应急电源、二次电源及地面电源插座等构成。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>2</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>什么是飞机主电源？什么叫二次电源？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>主电源是指由飞机发动机直接或间接传动的发电系统，是机上全部用电设备的能量来源。分为直流和交流两类，它取决于发电机的类别。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>二次电源是由主电源电能转变为另一种形式或规格的电能，以满足不同用电设备的需要。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>3</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>辅助电源有哪些？飞机在地面，主电源不工作时由什么电源供电？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>辅助电源有航空蓄电池和辅助动力装置驱动的发电机。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>飞机在地面，主电源不工作时，机上用电设备由辅助电源或机场地面电源供电。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>4</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>常用应急电源有哪些？什么时候使用？向谁供电？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>应急电源有航空蓄电池和冲压空气涡轮发电机。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>飞机飞行中若全部主电源发生故障时，则由应急电源供电。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>由于应急电源容量较小，只能向飞机上的重要用电设备供电，以保证飞机紧急着陆或返航。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>5</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>什么是二次电源？二次电源有哪些？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>二次电源是由主电源电能转变为另一种形式或规格的电能，能满足不同用电设备的需要。<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">在低压直流电源系统中，二次电源有旋转变流机，静止变流器等，可以将<SPAN lang=EN-US>28V</SPAN>的低压直流电变换为<SPAN lang=EN-US>115V/400Hz</SPAN>的单相交流电。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>在交流电源系统中，二次电源主要有变压整流器和变压器（<SPAN lang=EN-US>TRU</SPAN>），可以将三相交流电变换为低压直流电。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>6</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>飞机电源系统的主要类型有什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">飞机电源系统的主要类型有低压直流电源系统、变速变频交流电源系统、恒速恒频交流电源系统以及新型的变速恒频交流电源系统和高压直流电源系统。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>7</SPAN>、低压直流电源系统的有什么特点（优缺点）？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>优点：可以兼作起动发电机，减轻机载设备的重量。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>缺点：<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>）、电压低，电流大，因此发电机及馈线重量大。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> 2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">）、高空性能差。（因为高度上升，空气稀薄，电刷和换向器磨损加大，寿命低。速度增大，气流温度上升，直流发电机用迎风冲压气流冷却，故散热差。）<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> 3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">）、功率变换设备（<SPAN lang=EN-US>DC</SPAN>――<SPAN lang=EN-US>AC</SPAN>）复杂，效率低。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>8</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>VSVF</SPAN>电源系统的特点是什么？有什么优缺点？适用于什么飞机？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">变速变频交流电源系统（<SPAN lang=EN-US>VSVF</SPAN>）的交流发电机通过减速器直接由飞机发动机传动，发出的交流电为变频交流电，变频电源系统不需要恒速传动装置。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">优点：系统结构简单，重量轻，可靠性高。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">缺点：由于喷气式飞机发动机转速变化范围大，其发出的交流电只能供对频率要求低的设备使用。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">适用于装有涡轮螺旋桨发动机的飞机。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>9</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>CSCF</SPAN>电源系统的特点是什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">恒速恒频交流电源系统（<SPAN lang=EN-US>CSCF</SPAN>）的发电机是通过恒速传动装置（<SPAN lang=EN-US>CSD</SPAN>）由发动机传动的， 可以发出为<SPAN lang=EN-US>400Hz</SPAN>、电压为<SPAN lang=EN-US>115v/200v</SPAN>的恒频交流电。这是目前大型喷气式飞机上最常<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>采用的型式。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>10</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>VSCF</SPAN>电源系统是怎样传动的？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">变速恒频交流电源系统（<SPAN lang=EN-US>VSCF</SPAN>）直接由发动机传动，发出的变频交流电再经变频器变换<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>为恒频交流电。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>11</SPAN>、飞机直流电源系统的连接方式是什么？多电源直流电源的供电方式是什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>飞机直流电源系统采用单线制，直流发电机的负载接到机体，减轻了电网的重量。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>多电源直流供电系统一般都是采用并联供电的方式。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>12</SPAN>、多电源的恒频交流电源系统采用什么样的供电方式？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>多电源的恒频交流电源系统一般可分为两种供电方式：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>1</SPAN>）、单独供电：特点是控制简单，但故障转换时存在供电中断的问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>2</SPAN>）、并联供电：特点是供电质量高，系统工作可靠，但电源的控制和保护装置复杂。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>13</SPAN>、三相交流供电系统的有什么电网连接方式？各有什么特点（优缺点）？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>电网连接方式有主要有两种：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>1</SPAN>）、以机体为中心线的三相四线制，这是现代飞机普遍采用的供电方式。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">A</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">）、以机体为中线，可以省去一根馈线，有利于减轻电网重量。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">B</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">）、可以提供两种规格的电压，即相电压和线电压。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">C</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">）、机上人员比较安全。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>2</SPAN>）、中点不接地的三相三线制。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">A</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">）、负载只能得到一种电压－线电压。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">B</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">）、正常情况下比较安全，但若一相对机体的短路故障，则会危及机上人员安全。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>14</SPAN>、飞机交流电系统的电压参数为什么选择<SPAN lang=EN-US>115v/200v</SPAN>？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>考虑因素：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>1</SPAN>）、功率及发电和配电系统的重量。如果电压降低，设备重量则增加，所以电压不能太低！<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>2</SPAN>）、馈线允许的压降及强度。在传输相同功率的前提下，电压增加，则电流下降，传输导线细，导线的电阻增加，线路的压降就上升；同时导线的强度也下降，所以电压不能太高。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>3</SPAN>）、人员的安全性。电压上升，安全性就下降，所以电压也不能太高。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>15</SPAN>、飞机交流电源系统的频率参数为什么选择为<SPAN lang=EN-US>400Hz</SPAN>？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>频率的高低与电磁元件的重量、尺寸及性能等因数有关：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>1</SPAN>）、影响电磁设备的重量：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">对变压器<SPAN lang=EN-US>/</SPAN>互感器，频率提高可减轻重量（减小铁芯体积）<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">对旋转电机，频率提高可减小重量。在<SPAN lang=EN-US>400Hz</SPAN>左右重量最小。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>2</SPAN>）、对开关设备，<SPAN lang=EN-US>400Hz</SPAN>时交流电弧易熄弧。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>16</SPAN>、现代飞机采用三相制交流电源系统有什么优点？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>1</SPAN>）、在输送相同功率的条件下，三相交流发电机的重量比单相交流发电机轻。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>2</SPAN>）、三相电动机性能优于单相电动机。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>3</SPAN>）、三相电源有线、相两个电压值可供选择。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>17</SPAN>、飞机交流电源系统的优点是什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>1</SPAN>）、电压高、电流小、发电及输电系统重量减小。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>2</SPAN>）、无电刷、无磨损、可采用油冷、高空性能好。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR>3</SPAN>）、功率交换容易、效率高。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>18</SPAN>、航空蓄电池（电瓶）的概念是什么？有几大类？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>航空蓄电池（或称电瓶）是化学能与电能相互转换的设备，它在放电时将化学能转化为电能，向用电设备供电，而在充电时又将电能转化为化学能储存起来。按照电解质性质不同，航空蓄电池可分为酸性蓄电池和碱性蓄电池两大类。酸性蓄电池主要是铅蓄电池，其电解质是硫酸水溶液。碱性蓄电池有银锌、镍镉蓄电池，其电解质是氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠水溶液。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>19</SPAN>、航空蓄电池有哪些功用？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">）、起动发动机，用作辅助电源。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">）、用作应急电源，给重要的应急设备供电。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR><BR>20</SPAN>、铅蓄电池的工作特性是怎样的？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">铅蓄电池的正极板为<SPAN lang=EN-US>PbO2</SPAN>，负极板为<SPAN lang=EN-US>Pb</SPAN>，电解液为<SPAN lang=EN-US>H2SO4</SPAN>水溶液。其放电过程总的化学反应方程式为：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">Pb+2H2SO4+PbO2=>2PbSO4+2H2O <BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">放电时正负极板均生成硫酸铅，硫酸不断消耗，同时生成水，因此电解液密度不断减小，电动势逐渐降低，内阻增大。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">铅蓄电池的充电反应是放电反应的逆反应，其充电化学反应方程式为：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">2PbSO4+2H2O=>Pb+2H2SO4+PbO2 <BR><BR>21</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">、镍镉蓄电池的工作特性是怎样的？放电后有什么现象？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">镍镉蓄电池的正极板是氢氧化镍（<SPAN lang=EN-US>Ni(OH)3</SPAN>），负极板是金属镉（<SPAN lang=EN-US>Cd</SPAN>）<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>电解液是氢氧化钾（<SPAN lang=EN-US>KOH</SPAN>）水溶液。其放电化学反应方程式为：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> Cd+2KOH+2Ni(OH)3=>Cd(OH)2+2KOH+2Ni(OH)2 <BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">放电后电解液中的氢氧化钾没有消耗，电解液的密度和高度也几乎不变。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">镍镉蓄电池的充电反应是放电反应的逆反应，其充电化学反应方程式为：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> Cd(OH)2+2KOH+2Ni(OH)2=>Cd+2KOH+2Ni(OH)3 <BR><BR>22</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">、蓄电池的容量和电动势取决于什么因素？电瓶的额定容量用什么表示？<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>蓄电池的容量取决于极板的大小和活性物质的数量。额定容量用安培小时表示。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>蓄电池的电动势主要取决于电解液的浓度。</SPAN>
谢谢楼主
待到山花烂漫时，她在丛中笑 :loveliness: 楼主太好了，谢谢你了 感谢无私奉献的人 学习，谢谢
页:
[1]