Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance (RNP)

瑤諾蹦抭 楷桶衾 2011-8-29 15:19:35

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瑤諾蹦抭 楷桶衾 2011-8-29 15:20:14

Presented to: By: Date: Federal Aviation Administration Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance (RNP) Program Overview CDA Workshop Bruce Tarbert RNAV and RNP Group January 19,2006 RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 2 January 19, 2006 Administration Roadmap for Performance-Based Navigation • The FAA published the Roadmap in July 2003 • Collaborative effort among aviation industry stakeholders 每 Performance-Based Operations Aviation Rulemaking Committee (PARC) • Aligned with FAA Flight Plan, ATO Business Plan, OEP, and RTCA • Updating December 2005 to reflect lessons learned RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 3 January 19, 2006 Administration What is ※Performance-Based Navigation§? • Aviation authorities specify the aircraft capabilities and performance requirements necessary to operate in a given airspace or use a given procedure (instead of specifying required technologies or specific avionics) 每 RNAV is achieved through a combined use of aircraft navigation accuracy, route separation and/or air traffic control intervention (e.g., via radar monitoring, automatic dependent surveillance (ADS), multilateration, communications) 每 RNP is RNAV operations with on-board navigation containment, monitoring and alerting RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 4 January 19, 2006 Administration Performance-Based Navigation Evolution Waypoints RNAV Increased Airspace Efficiency Optimized Use of Airspace ※curved§ paths Seamless Vertical Path Narrow TERPS RNP Limited Design Flexibility Conventional Routes Current Ground NAVAIDs • More complex routes • Tighter performance • No radar requirement • 30% capable US fleet • Point-to-point routes • Radar monitoring • 90% capable US fleet RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 5 January 19, 2006 Administration Performance-Based Navigation In All Phases of Flight ※Snapshot§ of Current U.S. Implementations RNAV SIDs RNAV Q Routes, T Routes RNAV STARs RNP SAAAR approaches RNAV approaches RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 6 January 19, 2006 Administration Enabling Criteria, Guidance and Tools • Part 75 Revision for RNAV routes • AC 90-100 每 US Terminal and En Route Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations • Order 7470.1 每 DME/DME Evaluation • Order 8260.44A 每 Civil Utilization Of Area Navigation (RNAV) Departure Procedures • RNAV-PRO DME Screening Tool • TARGETS development tool • Order 8260.53 每 United States Standard for Instrument Departures that use Radar Vectors to Join RNAV Routes • AIM Revisions for RNAV • Charting Specifications for RNAV routes and procedures • Notice 8000.302 每 Stand-Alone Area Navigation (RNAV) Transition Procedures RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 7 January 19, 2006 Administration Enabling Criteria, Guidance and Tools (Completed) • AC 90-96A 每 Approval of U.S. Operators and Aircraft to Operate Under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) in European Airspace Designated for Basic Area Navigation (B-RNAV) and Precision Area Navigation (P-RNAV) • AC 20-153 每 Acceptance of Data Processes and Associated Navigation Databases • Notice 8000.300 每 Required Navigation Performance (RNP) Airworthiness Approval, Operational Approval, and Design Guidelines for Special Aircraft and Aircrew Authorization Required (SAAAR) Approach Procedures • Order 8260.52 每 United States Standard for Required Navigation Performance (RNP) Approach Procedure with Special Aircraft and Aircrew Authorization Required (SAAAR) RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 8 January 19, 2006 Administration Enabling Criteria, Guidance and Tools (Completed) • US RNP SAAAR Criteria (FAA Order 8260.52) was submitted to the ICAO OCP as a model for international criteria for RNP approach procedures 每 OCP accepted the order in total • A drafting group will adapt the order to be consistent with PANSOPS • Intent is to publish this criteria as a stand-alone document supplementing PANS-OPS 每 The end state objective is to have mature criteria for introduction into PANS-OPS at OCP/15 in the fall of 2007 • AC 90-101 每 Approval for RNP procedures with Special Aircraft and Aircrew Authorization Required (SAAAR) RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 9 January 19, 2006 Administration FY2005 Highlights • Published 6 RNP Special Aircraft and Aircrew Authorization Required (SAAAR) 每 1 public RNP SAAAR 每 4 special RNP SAAARs 每 1 special RNP Parallel Approach Transition (RPAT) • Published/Implemented 25 RNAV Routes 每 21 high altitude (Q-Routes) 每 4 low altitude (T-Routes) • Implemented 58 Standard Terminal Arrivals (STARs) and Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs) RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 10 January 19, 2006 Administration RNAV Departure and Arrival Procedures Examples of Near-term Implementation September 16 SIDs 2005 Dallas Fort Worth (American) Philadelphia March 2005 2 STARs (US Airways) 4 STARs 13 SIDs Atlanta April 2005 (Delta) Dulles Jan 2005 4 STARs (United, Independence Air) 4 STARs and 5 SIDs Las Vegas Nov 2004 (America West, Southwest) Airport Date Procedure RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 11 January 19, 2006 Administration Atlanta RNAV Departure Procedures April 2005 • Approx 90% of 1350 daily IFR departures are RNAV capable • Structured ※lanes§ to en route airspace • Over 4,000 routine daily pilot/controller voice transmissions eliminated (30% reduction) • Delta Airlines estimates $30M annual savings 每 Decreased taxi times 每 Decreased departure delays 每 Improved flight profiles 每 Reduced distances Before RNAV After RNAV RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 12 January 19, 2006 Administration RNP SAAAR Approach Criteria Enabling Features R R 2 RNP 2 RNP 2 RNP 2 RNP STEP 2: Locate Turn Center STEP 1: Segment Initial Fix a=R b=R+(2xRNP) c=R-(2xRNP) Segment Terminating Fix STEP 3 STEP 4 STEP 5 a b c Tangent Points Tangent Points Apply para 2-2 Curved Segments Vertical Profiles & Missed Approach Narrow Segments Narrow lateral linear segments (RNP-0.3 or less with no secondary buffers) Curved segments anywhere along the approach (Radius-to-fix legs with shorter leg lengths) Guided, narrower turns on missed approaches (Radius-to-fix legs, and RNP-1 or less) Performance-based Vertical Profiles (Vertical Error Budget vs. Barometric Vertical Nav) RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 13 January 19, 2006 Administration RNP SAAAR Approach Applications and Priorities Analysis of Top 100+ Airports • Single runway access and safety enhancement • Future airspace deconfliction Tier 3 • Regional capacity impact • Access & safety enhancements Tier 2 • Near-term capacity needs, with national impact • Safety enhancement applications Tier 1 Airports Characteristics RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 14 January 19, 2006 Administration Palm Springs RNP Approach January 2005 • Avoids non-precision approach into a valley with mountainous terrain • Safety enhancement, with guided, stabilized 3D path to runway • Reduced time & distance (approximately 30 miles) • Reduced minima, averting cancellations & diversions 每 20 flights ※saved§ in first few weeks of implementation 每 A SAVE is a flight that would have been canceled or diverted if the RNP procedure was not available RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 15 January 19, 2006 Administration International Harmonization and Coordination Japan China ICAO Coordination & Singapore Harmonization Seminars and Workshops Standards & Criteria Procedure Design Implementation Brazil North American Roadmap Netherlands Switzerland Australia Airspace Issues Environment Standards & Criteria Procedure Design Implementation RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 16 January 19, 2006 Administration International • Work with ICAO and EUROCONTROL on international standard for RNAV and RNP 每 ICAO RNP Study Group agreed to move forward single ICAO RNAV standard (AC90-100, TGL10) • Revise RNP Manual (Doc 9613) • Support international harmonization 每 North American Aviation Trilateral (NAAT) • Signed Joint Strategy for Implementation of Performance-Based Navigation in North America 每 FAA, Transport Canada, DGAC Mexico, NAV CANADA, and SENEAM 每 Departamento de Controle do Espaço A谷reo (DECEA) (Brazil) 每 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 每 European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (EUROCONTROL) 每 Japan Civil Aviation Bureau (JCAB) 每 Civil Aviation Authority of China (CAAC) 每 Caribbean/South American (CAR/SAM) Regional Planning and Implementation Group (GREPECAS) RNAV/RNP Program Overview Federal Aviation 17 January 19, 2006 Administration Flight Standards ※Special§ Approval Process • Waiting on slides from Les

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Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance (RNP)