Performance Based Navigation 基于性能导航
**** Hidden Message ***** 1Performance Based Navigation
Jim Nagle
jnagle@icao.int
Chief, Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Section
ICAO
2
Presentation
overview
􀀴PBN – background
􀀴PBN - Concept
􀀴RCP and RSP
􀀴Overview of presentations on
Thursday
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Aviation challenges
:
􀀴 Growing demands for RNAV approaches (safety,
accessibility)
􀀴 Growing demands for solution airspace congestion
􀀴 Growing fuel efficiency requirements
􀀴 Growing Environmental requirements
􀀴 Can be met with most of current technology,
but standardization and operational
place
requirements have to be put into
4
Background
ICAO RNP concept
􀀴 FANS identified need for performance based navigation and
developed Required Navigation Performance capability concept :
􀂾 To avoid need for ICAO selection between competing systems
􀀴 Manual on Required Navigation Performance (doc 9613)
􀀴 Emphasize on the en-route phase of flight (RNP-10 and RNP-4) for
oceanic and remote applications
􀀴 No ICAO RNP requirements for continental enroute and terminal
applications.
􀂾 Proliferation of national standards
􀂾 Wide variety of functional requirements
􀂾 Variety of required navigation sensors
􀂾 Differing air crew requirements
􀂾 Lack of global harmonization
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Approach
proliferation of types
Non-Precision
Approach
Precision Approach
NonPrecision Approach
Approach with Vertical
guidance (APV)
Precision Approach
Definition of operations become very
blurred
Need for performance requirements
and possibly need for
reclassification
Etc.
Etc.
Etc.
RNAV (GNSS)
Basic-GNSS
RNP
APV
LPV
GAGAN
GRAS
WAAS
LAAS
LNAV
LNAV/VNAV
SBAS
GBAS
Baro-VNAV
Galileo
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Background
Industry’ s RNP concept
RNP concept has continued to evolve outside ICAO
􀀴 RTCA/EUROCAE defined performance and functional
requirements
􀀴 Industry ‘s RNP requires performance monitoring and alerting
Conflict
􀀴 Current ICAO concept does not require performance and
alerting
􀀴 Now we have two RNP concepts.
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Are we now going the right way?
RNP
B-RNAV
P-RNAV
US-RNAV
RNP10
RNP 4
P
RES
E
NT
RNP/RNAV
Boeing
Europe
US
Australia
Canada
South
America
China
Japan
Airbus
F
UT
URE
Not safe, not efficient, costly, confusing
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ICAO Recognizes the problems
􀀴 Need for focal point in ICAO to address problems
experienced with RNP Concept (GNSSP/4
recommendation 1/1)
􀀴 ANC (163/9) approves establishment of Navigation Performance Special coordinating group
Required
operational
requirements Study Group (RNPSORSG) as
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What needs to be
done
􀀴 Original RNP concept in principle good, however…
􀀴 Adjustment to the RNP concept required.
􀂾 Clear distinction between operations that require
performance monitoring and alerting and operations that
don’t require
􀂾 Harmonization of current RNAV and RNP operations
􀂾 Development of new navigation specification to meet
operational demand.
􀂾 Need for clear operational approval requirements
􀂾 Clear implementation guidance
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Agreeing PBN
􀀴PBN specifies RNAV system performance i.e. accuracy,
integrity, continuity, availability + functionality; - written
up in navigation specifications
RNP X specifications RNAV X specifications
Require on-board
performance monitoring
+ alerting
Do not require on-board
performance monitoring
+ alerting
This is different than the
RNP concept, which
stressed navigation
accuracy and ‘stopped’ at
required performance.
However, PBN is anchored
in detailed navigation
specifications, which
contain performance and
functionality requirements.
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Harmonization of existing navigation
specifications
Area of
Application Nav
accuracy
Designation of
navigation standard:
Current situation
Designation of
navigation
specification:
PBN concept
(new)
Oceanic/
Remote
10 RNP 10 RNAV 10
(RNP 10 label)
4 RNP 4 RNP 4
EnRoute-
Continental 5
RNP 5
Basic RNAV RNAV 5
En Route -
Continental
and Terminal
2 USRNAV type A RNAV 2
Terminal 1
USRNAV type B and
P-RNAV RNAV 1
Simplification
results in lower
costs for
Operators and ANSP
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Harmonization of RNAV operations not
covered by existing nav specs
Area of
Application
Nav
accuracy
(NM)
Designation of
navigation standard:
Current situation
Designation of
navigation
specification:
PBN concept
(new)
Terminal 1
Basic-GNSS
SBAS Basic-RNP 1
Approach 1-0.3 Basic-GNSS
(Baro-VNAV)
SBAS
RNP APCH
Approach
RNP SAAAR (US)
1-0.1 RNP AR APCH
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Harmonization of existing RNAV
operations not covered by navigation
specifications
Area of
Application
Nav
accuracy
(NM)
Designation of
navigation standard:
Current situation
Designation of
navigation
specification:
PBN concept
(new)
Terminal 1
Basic-GNSS
SBAS Basic-RNP 1
Approach 1-0.3 Basic-GNSS
(Baro-VNAV)
SBAS
RNP APCH
Approach
RNP SAAAR (US)
1-0.1 RNP AR APCH
􀂾 RNP approach for lowest common
denominator
􀂾 Meets RNP0.3 in final segment
􀂾 Basic GNSS/SBAS
􀂾 Functionalities: VNAV optional
􀂾 No Special authorization required
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Harmonization of existing RNAV
operations not covered by navigation
specifications
Area of
Application
Nav
accuracy
(NM)
Designation of
navigation standard:
Current situation
Designation of
navigation
specification:
PBN concept
(new)
Terminal 1
Basic-GNSS
SBAS Basic-RNP 1
Approach 1-0.3 Basic-GNSS
(Baro-VNAV)
SBAS
RNP APCH
Approach
RNP SAAAR (US)
1-0.1 RNP AR APCH
􀂾 RNP approach for lowest common
denominator
􀂾 Meets RNP0.3 in final segment
􀂾 Basic GNSS/SBAS
􀂾 Functionalities: VNAV optional
􀂾 No Special authorization required
􀂾 Scaleable RNP (0.3 – 0.1NM)
􀂾 Functionalities: VNAV, RF legs
􀂾 Authorization required (small protection
area)
􀂾 Operational approval
􀂾 Aircraft qualification
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RNP SORSG
Performance Based Navigation Concept
RNP10 RNAV 5
RNAV 2
RNAV 1
Navigation Specifications
without containment
RNP1, RNP 2,
RNP4, RNP0.3 - 0.1
RNP with addtional
requirements
(e.g. 3D, 4D)
Navigation Specifications
requiring containment
Performance based
Navigation Concept
No perf. monitor and
alerting
Perf. Monitor and
alerting
RNP 4, Basic RNP 1
RNP APCH,
RNP AR APCH
RNAV 10
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ICAO Provisions
Performance Based Navigation Manual
􀀴 PBN Manual to provide a “one-stop shop” for States on
how to implement RNAV and RNP in their airspace
􀀴 PBN Manual being developed: Two Volumes:
􀂾 Volume I – An Application of RNP and RNAV
􀂾 Concept of PBN and how it is used
􀂾 Implementation Guidance to States / Regions
􀂾 Volume II – Compendium of Navigation
Specifications
Advanced RNP1*
RNP 2*
RNAV 2 Basic RNP 1
RNAV 5 RNP 4 RNP AR APCH
RNAV 10 RNAV 1 RNP APCH
* Work in progress
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PBN Convergence….
B-RNAV
P-RNAV
US-RNAV
RNP10
RNP 4
Boeing
EUROPE
US
Australia
Canada
China
Japan
Airbus
South
America
F
UT
URE
PPBBBNN
RNPSORSG initiatives
P
RES
E
NT
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Context of PBN
COM NAV SUR ATM
RCP PBN RSP
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Required Communication
Performance (RCP)
Initiation
􀀴 Response to Recommendation 2/2 of the fourth meeting of
the Aeronautical Mobile Communications Panel (AMCP/4,
Montreal, April 1996).
􀀴 Air Navigation Commission tasked the Automatic Dependent
Surveillance Panel (renamed as the Operational Data Link
Panel (OPLINKP) in 2000) to develop the concept of RCP.
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Required Communication
Performance (RCP)
Achievements
􀀴 In 2001, the OPLINKP completed its Concept of Required
Communication Performance document which became the basis for
the Manual on Required Communication Performance (RCP) (Doc
9869) (available on the ICAO NET).
􀀴 In 2003, a continuation of the work on RCP was endorsed at the
Eleventh Air Navigation Conference in the light of the urgent need
for global harmonization of communication performance measures
and support the efforts of States to transition to performance-based
operations, a critical aspect of evolving to a safer and more efficient
global ATM environment.
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Required Communication
Performance (RCP)
Critical elements of the concept
􀀴 Required communication performance (RCP). A statement of the
performance requirements for operational communication in support
of specific ATM functions.
􀀴 RCP is performance-based, human-centered, operationally
significant, independent of specific technologies and applicable to
both voice communications and data link communications.
ICAO provisions:
􀀴 Recent amendments to Annex 6, 11 and the PANS-ATM include the
initial high-level provisions necessary to support the introduction of
RCP. (Applicable 22 November 2007).
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Required Surveillance
Performance (RSP)
Initiation
􀀴 Need identified complement PBN and RCP
􀀴 Work programme currently established by ICAO
􀀴 RSP can be used for both existing and future surveillance
applications, airborne as well as terrestrial. It is envisaged
that RSP will interact with other performance parameters
(PBN, RCP) in meeting Required Total System
Performance levels.
by ICAO to
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END
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