1. Common Structure Defects
结构缺陷
(1)凹坑dent
n.凹, 凹痕, (齿轮的)齿, 弱点v.使凹下, 凹进, 削弱(2)凹槽notch
n. 槽口, 凹口vt.刻凹痕, , 开槽, 切口(3)变形deform
v.(使)变形(4)划痕( N# `6 Q+ |2 @& {2 a. c& |* u nick
n.刻痕, 缺口vt.刻痕于(5)点腐蚀pitting 蚀损斑, 氢气泡疤
(6)断裂broken3 p" W- z0 s& n3 M adj.坏掉的, 患病的, 被制服的, 断掉的
(7)腐蚀
corrode+ D% n$ a- n8 e v.使腐蚀, 侵蚀(8)划伤
scratch n. 抓痕, 擦伤vt.乱涂, 勾抹掉, 擦, 刮, 搔, 抓(9)裂纹
crack n.裂缝, 噼啪声v.(使)破裂, 裂纹(10)毛刺butt
n.粗大的一端, 靶垛v.以头抵撞, 碰撞(11)磨损chafe( c1 N O; d7 P' u* H& U v.(将皮肤等)擦热, 擦破, 使恼火
(12)凸起protrude v.突出,凸起
(13)凹陷sag
v.松弛, 下陷, 下垂,漂流n.下垂, 下陷,(14)粗糙rough
adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的,粗暴的, 粗略叙述的(15)漆层剥落finish missing
finish是指最后一道漆层。(16)褪色fade
vi.声音减弱,褪色, 消失, vt.使褪色n.淡入, 淡出(17)积水: r1 W% b6 e$ q( p2 T2 L$ o+ Y' ~. k- } entrapped water
2.材料缺陷
' ]9 c3 d0 N7 H5 E7 Z; z j 1)metallic defect: 金属材料缺陷
(18)氧化; X1 R! u8 |" f8 X9 W- B* c oxidize5 w8 ]: ^5 E6 x$ V" P v.(使)氧化
+ o# U; F i" J (19)划伤: J: V4 i) s P3 w s: C1 r, P scratch
如1.8, I. n- Q0 r# F0 I* I: V0 | (20)扭曲: E; c& \- R& s9 |' P# a distort
vt.弄歪(嘴脸等), 扭曲, 歪曲真理、误报0 M6 o- b1 N- j" m; Q1 g$ C8 { (21)跷起
not in contour(轮廓)# e2 }1 B! R( C4 d8 W4 k4 g+ O (22)穿孔
puncture n.小孔v.刺破. P5 b# l1 a/ Y$ o$ ~8 R! ~4 q (23)碎屑
chip 碎屑,芯片(24)腐蚀 corrode 如7
8 [0 P- Z* e5 r6 L9 a0 b% l. O (25)磨损" M0 \. y1 m7 M3 E" I" Q chafe u) ]& S5 e/ y* B 如11
(26)变形
deform$ Y) g0 P3 n' R- q0 @* L0 E6 T v.(使)变形(27)风蚀/风化
erode vt.侵蚀, 腐蚀vi.受腐蚀, 逐渐消蚀掉(28)裂纹
crack 如92)非金属材料缺陷:
) @. `( \( T' w3 y$ I (29)发霉3 H/ r% a, x3 w& O% u, U$ ^ mildewn. vi.发霉, 生霉vt.使发霉
(30)分层
delaminate v.将...分层, 分成细层(31)风蚀/风化7 X, G$ y. }6 b$ Y7 A# g4 M erode
如27(32)裂纹
crack0 U' W ~7 V, a9 P2 S4 R% D. ^ 如9(33)老化, r/ T* I. X9 K deteriorate
v.(使)恶化(34)起皱" \$ O" _+ t9 c; B9 [# L) ^9 I6 Z wrinkle0 t1 e- O2 X4 N# j8 v( `7 [ n.皱纹v.使皱
(35)受潮5 Q, {! c. z) A7 ` saturated adj.渗透的, 饱和的, 深颜色的
(36)撕裂
tear5 D( T F6 C2 N4 \4 d3 n1 @ 过去式tore 过去分词4 @6 O6 g0 ]1 z3 w4 q/ m3 K& ?( c torn(37)穿孔
puncture 如22(38)变色$ K2 o. p; T! [2 `. J fade vi.声音减弱, 褪色, 消失vt.使褪色
(39)陈旧
worn adj.用旧的, 疲倦的vbl. wear的过去分词(40)脱胶$ V( a! D+ R5 j; Q' d not adhered ; I+ t9 R3 g. _+ J' e7 ^
adhere vi.粘附, 胶着, 坚持v.坚持
3.
设备及零部件缺陷1) Plumbing defect
管路缺陷(41)凹坑4 D$ B' @ \; P5 s% ~ dent
如1(42)爆裂* g3 I& y2 q, L7 g burst
(43)擦伤% }- I, k+ t: k$ A0 p8 z chafe
如11(44)滑丝
2 s! W- y* _% C/ e4 ^ \ cross thread或thread damaged(45)扭曲. b: K' e6 B( F twist
(46)渗漏0 a/ M3 @6 H6 b leak
名词 leakage(47)堵塞: r0 }+ ^) x% z* m8 d; `: L7 H obstruct v.阻隔, 阻塞, 遮断n.阻碍物, 障碍物
2) Wiring defect 线路缺陷
(48)腐蚀
corrode1 y0 |+ H4 B+ S7 Z1 ~ 如7(49)磨损
chafe$ h8 A! r g, i$ N0 ]5 U* N 如11(50)相碰
contact(51)断丝* d' v( [. |' D3 n3 ] fray n.冲突, (织物等)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损
(52)熔断& U K/ t5 a9 G fused ) S5 E m! U( W8 X2 w adj.装有保险丝的。熔融的。
(53)弯曲 k- r9 k6 I% O9 D7 a! s bend
过去分词、被动语态 bent
3) Mechanical linkage defect
传动机构缺陷(包括保险丝)
(54)断丝
fray n.冲突, (织物)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损(55)松弛
slack adj.松弛的vt.使松弛,使减慢vi.松驰(56)扭结9 M$ }# r: d+ Y2 O/ f twist
(57)磨损
chafe 如11(58)脱开: r6 x: E. B, q* B+ f# ] disconnect
4) Fastener defect% _( t4 J+ q! `; d$ O8 N4 X( @ 紧固件缺陷
( s4 w: K! b6 b8 N' J0 P6 o* N5 a p (59). n8 w, q0 c5 s; P9 F" s9 r4 m 丢失
missing(60)4 C: w# x5 P, x' m, a 松动/松脱2 v" v( V6 J! ~, D loose
0 J/ E" `( }/ A (61)
腐蚀 corrode 如79 u: q# S4 f/ D* e* ~ (62)/ }. z7 U( B1 o0 Q. j! N8 | 磨损- g6 M6 s" ^0 ?1 ~% z# b chafe
如11(63)未关(扣)紧 not secure , not secured
5) Miscellaneous
其他类a). Sealant2 r: h; D7 y& Y: d! H 封严
2 R8 \ \# A# K2 t+ @ (64)脱胶
adhere5 h- z6 I: ]0 J* i( m (65)老化
deteriorate# s, w( {( W6 B* _& ?6 @; T2 C (66)不均匀
inconsistent adj.不一致的, 不协调的, 矛盾的b). Wheel Assembly 轮胎
(67)见线' E" x; \7 R: c: _2 Y _7 [ exposed cords
(68)磨平1 H. V+ f8 r. q8 I/ |" Y# _+ Y bald adj.光秃的, 单调的, 枯燥的
(69)扎伤 puncture n.小孔v.刺破
$ c$ m$ ]2 q) B1 b0 H (70)气压不足9 b1 F" D2 Z- P% l+ r% x/ _9 I, D insufficient-air-pressure
c). Life Limited Parts; h6 S+ l6 m/ r& f 时寿件
4 r* i8 t9 c) m% ]# S. Z (71)过期; y' T& s0 f$ f' z* X; x1 i* w9 \ expire v.期满, 终止, 呼气, 断气, 届满
d). Placard and Marking 标牌/标识
(72)模糊的 illegible
(73)缺损: U# {$ H7 @4 ?# n. v2 O- f5 Q4 y" Q damage
$ d7 ^: t9 Q) i" y, t# v (74)丢失
missing(75)翘起- c. ^3 O; d) O V+ ? lifting
e). Slide/life Vest
滑梯/救生衣" G! z7 S% x1 n7 Q5 g" k4 { (76)" z* X2 Z( H, S 散包
not properly packed(77) 变形 not properly sealed
f).engine ignition plug发动机点火电嘴
*烧蚀 ablate, O- h1 x" q% O# [ 这个词要比burnt等贴切。比如说被烧蚀,可以说:To become ablated;或 undergo ablation。
4.general defect terms
一般性缺陷术语
(78)脏! D' n# N% n; |- N. U- r dirty
# v; e0 j/ T( D- O! H( N* x/ T (79)陈旧
worn(80)断裂6 d$ t3 Z9 R4 h$ U& x fracture n.破裂, 骨折v.(使)破碎, (使)破裂
(81)磨损 chafe
: k; @' l T# G# A (82)超标; R8 m, ?4 q0 n J8 H0 y- @5 e4 z& K) O exceed-the-limit
(83)丢失 missing
: r9 ^+ y6 \& y! M7 h+ h/ E+ j (84)腐蚀
corrode(85)裂纹 crack6 y& Q9 m4 f _3 ~! p' l R. _( I 如9
(86)空行程/无效行程, }2 _) A8 a9 l3 N backlash, {8 G8 Y/ h, ] 名词 (火器扳机的)无效行程
(87)卡阻/阻塞) N2 B" }1 g* @, e" X/ [. \ block
& e* v$ y: } C/ c5 [ {1 S% T (88)鼓起
bulge0 u" J& O5 J" C. a (89)污染
contaminate4 O+ m5 m: V: T& i3 `: J% x8 x( c$ E (90)不一致* o& E+ Z" Z: [0 Y4 N! c " w8 X+ q0 D8 i! W disagree
7 ~$ z; O: i% w9 t& e+ L# i (91)(电池/气瓶)被释放discharge
J- V' q% ]" O* P (92)
装错 dislocate(93) 失效% ^6 D8 ~3 a' g5 O0 E fail
f. R& ?$ Q6 V; L% X (94)摆动/ D/ T! A) g; W8 \/ f fluctuate
& ]2 s T* E U+ M1 x/ z (95)抖动' k6 a+ K5 S4 g6 p flutter
(96)不够/不足 insufficient
(97)不工作1 N& @/ l0 P4 l& C2 Y inoperative即我们常说的INOP。
(98)(不)亮 (not) illuminate
* h0 D6 [ \" y: D (99)干扰! F, k, G- y; C2 D( S interfere
) }7 g9 K: e' P! I" e/ w; j. V (100)扭结/缠结3 V: r6 ~% R/ f9 d( Y8 Z kink0 V* H. L2 `8 \ R* v2 H , N# b x4 r2 K" N& @ twist
(101)走向错误# ~. U O8 I, D( O& @ X misrouted
(102)漏装 not installed
/ {) T/ t1 o- t (103)相磨
rubbing(104)干涩/缺乏润滑8 t8 \! D9 H' |: d# L un-lubricated
(105)不能复位 * |' \& l/ b" T" E. B3 G; M will-not-reset
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