AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 1/54 AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 2/54 PARIS (ORLY) CCAAIIRROO Let us assume that you have initialized the FMGS : inserted a F-PLN from Paris Orly (LFPO) to Cairo (HECA), aircraft gross-weight, take-off data (speeds, thrust reduction altitude, acceleration altitude, FLEX temp for reduced thrust take-off,…). You have also achieved all the pre-flight drills. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 3/54 The SID (Standard Instrument Departure) you are planning to fly includes some altitude constraints at several waypoints :+690 feet at D086C, FL60 at D164T, and FL90 at NERIN. These constraints may be reviewed on the ND by pressing the CSTR key on the EFIS control panel. On the MCDU, the altitude predictions provided at altitude constrained waypoints are preceded by a colored star. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 4/54 While taxiing before take-off, notice on the FMA that : - CLB mode is cyan meaning that it is armed; it will engage automatically after the take-off phase. - NAV mode is cyan meaning that it is armed; it will engage automatically after lift-off. - 1FD2 indicates that both FDs are on (although no FD symbols are displayed on ground since there is no mode engaged). AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 5/54 You have now set the thrust levers into FLEX detent for take-off. The FMA indicates : - MAN FLX 49 meaning that you have full manual control of the thrust and you have set flex take-off thrust. - The A/THR is armed and thus ready to be turned on by your action on the thrust levers. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 6/54 The FMA also indicates: - SRS as vertical FD mode; the FD horizontal bar commands a pitch angle which will allow you to fly at a given reference speed function of V2 and pending upon conditions such as all engines operative, one engine out… SRS stands for speed reference system. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 7/54 - RWY as lateral FD mode; the FD vertical bar commands yaw/roll angle which will allow you to track the take-off runway localizer during roll out and initial climb. If no ILS is available at take-off, this field is blank. Note : 1- On ground during roll out, the FD vertical bar is replaced by the yaw bar to assist you during low visibility roll out. 2- During the take-off, the PF normally has the PERF page selected on his MCDU and the PNF the F-PLN page. PPFF:PEERRFF ppaaggee PPNFF::FF--PPLLNppaaggee AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 8/54 After lift off, managed NAV mode automatically engages. The AP NAV mode guides the aircraft along the active leg of the F-PLN as inserted by the pilot in the MCDU. Note that CLB mode is still cyan, thus armed. The AP may be turned on 5 seconds after lift off, at around 100 ft AGL. We have already turned it on for you. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 9/54 Once the aircraft reaches thrust reduction altitude, the FMA displays LVR CLB white flashing message. This is an indicator that you have to set the thrust levers to CLB detent. Seett tthhee ttrruusstt lleevveerrss ttoo CLLB.. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 10/54 Noo.. Clliicckk oonn tthhee tthhrruusstt lleevveerrss.. Once the aircraft reaches thrust reduction altitude, the FMA displays LVR CLB white flashing message. This is an indicator that you have to set the thrust levers to CLB detent. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 11/54 Noo.. Clliicckk oonn tthhee tthhrruusstt lleevveerrss.. Once the aircraft reaches thrust reduction altitude, the FMA displays LVR CLB white flashing message. This is an indicator that you have to set the thrust levers to CLB detent. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 12/54 You have set the thrust levers in CLB detent. - A/THR is turned on automatically : A/THR white on the FMA. - THR CLB mode is active ; A/THR is in thrust mode and commands max climb thrust (because AP vertical mode is SRS, and controls speed). AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 13/54 You have engaged AP1. The aircraft continues to climb at the T/O reference speed until it reaches the acceleration altitude where : - the target speed automatically jumps to the initial climb speed as computed by the FMGS (or as preset by the pilot), - CLB vertical mode automatically engages ; the AP adjusts the aircraft pitch so as to climb at the initial climb speed up to the FCU target altitude cleared by the ATC (here 6000 ft), or to F-PLN altitude constraint if restrictive, - ALT is displayed in cyan indicating that altitude capture mode is armed to FCU selected altitude. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 14/54 Suppose that the ATC clears you to FL150 ; you set it on the FCU. We have seen that there is an altitude constraint (FL60) assigned to waypoint D164T, but is magenta instead of cyan, because the FMGS is in CLB mode and therefore it will respect the programmed constraint (FL 60 at D164T). The FMGS predicts that FL 60 will be reached before that waypoint shown by on the ND. ALT in magenta on the FMA and the target altitude FL 60 in magenta on the altitude scale indicate that the AP will capture this altitude constraint which here is restrictive. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 15/54 The aircraft now approaches the altitude constraint (FL60): - mode automatically engages, indicating that AP/FD vertical mode commands the capture of this altitude, - On the PFD altitude scale, FL 60 magenta indication closes up the present altitude window. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 16/54 You are at the level of the constraint altitude (FL60) with ALT CST in green on the FMA. CLB mode is armed, and will automatically reengage when the aircraft will fly over the constraint waypoint D164T. It is shown by the blue start of climb arrow on the ND. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 17/54 You approach NERIN, the point at which another altitude constraint applies. The FMGS predicts to reach this altitude before the waypoint as indicated by the magenta symbol . The Autoflight system reverts to the THR CLB / CLB mode automatically and the new constraint becomes the target (FL90 and ALT in magenta). AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 18/54 Suppose that ATC instructs you to maintain your present heading (200). We have selected 200 and pulled the heading selector for you. On the ND, the green solid line indicates the aircraft track line and the FMGS F-PLN is now in green dotted line since you do not fly it anymore. On the FMA, HDG indicates that lateral navigation is now being controlled by selections on the FCU heading selector. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 19/54 When you engaged HDG mode, CLB mode automatically reverted into OPEN CLB mode. ALT magenta reverted to ALT cyan, meaning that altitude capture is armed to the FCU target altitude. This altitude changed from FL90 magenta to FL150 cyan. When you fly away from the lateral F-PLN, there is no more reason to respect the altitude constraints which are assigned to F-PLN waypoints. OPEN CLB mode allows you to climb directly to FCU selected target and disregards constraints. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 20/54 ATC has cleared you to FL290 on heading 180, converging with the F-PLN; and now ATC clears you to resume your normal navigation. - Watch if your track line actually intercepts a leg of the FMGS F-PLN, - Arm managed NAV mode. Re-arm the lateral guidance of the Autoflight system. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 21/54 No. Push the heading selector to arm managed NAV. ATC has cleared you to FL290 on heading 180, converging with the F-PLN; and now ATC clears you to resume your normal navigation. - Watch if your track line actually intercepts a leg of the FMGS F-PLN, - Arm managed NAV mode. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 22/54 No. Push the heading selector to arm managed NAV. ATC has cleared you to FL290 on heading 180, converging with the F-PLN; and now ATC clears you to resume your normal navigation. - Watch if your track line actually intercepts a leg of the FMGS F-PLN, - Arm managed NAV mode. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 23/54 Observe that : - On the FMA, NAV is armed, - On the FCU, a white dot in the heading window indicates that managed NAV is armed. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 24/54 On the ND, the green solid line includes the track line until the computed INTCPT point and the remainder of the FPLN. If no INTCPT is provided, this means that the interception is at present not possible. This happens when the track line crosses the F-PLN beyond the TO waypoint. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 25/54 When the aircraft gets close to the INTCPT point NAV mode automatically engages, shown by the indications on the FCU and on the FMA. Note : managed CLB mode is now available again. However, since there is no more altitude constraints till the top of climb, it is not necessary to reengage it; CLB and OPEN CLB modes are similar. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 26/54 You are at FL 290 with ALT mode engaged. ATC advises you that you will be restricted at FL290 for a long time, whereas you had planned to cruise at FL330. The FMGS still assumes that you will continue the climb to FL330 and is still in a climb mode as shown on the MCDU PERF page. You have to change the cruise level on the MCDU progress page. Seelleecctt tthhee PROG ppaaggee oonn tthheeMCDU.. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 27/54 Noo.. Prreessss tthhee PROG ppaaggee oonn tthheeMCDU.. You are at FL 290 with ALT mode engaged. ATC advises you that you will be restricted at FL290 for a long time, whereas you had planned to cruise at FL330. The FMGS still assumes that you will continue the climb to FL330 and is still in a climb mode as shown on the MCDU PERF page. You have to change the cruise level on the MCDU progress page. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 28/54 Noo.. Prreessss tthhee PROG ppaaggee oonn tthheeMCDU.. You are at FL 290 with ALT mode engaged. ATC advises you that you will be restricted at FL290 for a long time, whereas you had planned to cruise at FL330. The FMGS still assumes that you will continue the climb to FL330 and is still in a climb mode as shown on the MCDU PERF page. You have to change the cruise level on the MCDU progress page. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 29/54 In such a case, modify the CRZ FL on the PROG page. This will adjust your Cruise Mach number to its optimum value, and the AP/FD will fly in ALT CRZ mode which optimizes fuel consumption. We have already typed the value in the scratchpad for you. IInnsseerrtt tthhee nneewccrruuiissee FFlliigghhtt LLeevveell.. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 30/54 In such a case, modify the CRZ FL on the PROG page. This will adjust your Cruise Mach number to its optimum value, and the AP/FD will fly in ALT CRZ mode which optimizes fuel consumption. We have already typed the value in the scratchpad for you. Noo.. Prreessss tthhee LLSK 11 lleefftt.. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 31/54 In such a case, modify the CRZ FL on the PROG page. This will adjust your Cruise Mach number to its optimum value, and the AP/FD will fly in ALT CRZ mode which optimizes fuel consumption. We have already typed the value in the scratchpad for you. Noo.. Prreessss tthhee LLSK 11 lleefftt.. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 32/54 The vertical mode has changed to ALT CRZ indicating that the Autoflight system is now in cruise mode, as shown on the MCDU and on the FMA. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 33/54 The aircraft has now reached the end of the cruise. You will learn how to program the FMGS for descent and arrival during the freeplay trainer exercises. We have completed all of this for you. ATC has cleared you to descend to FL270. Since it is a 2000 ft step down, you decide to descend slowly; you select -1500 ft/mn on the FCU and pull the selector. - A/THR is in SPEED or MACH mode, - AP/FD vertical mode controls V/S. Note: V/S has priority over speed. This means that if a too high V/S is selected, the AP will pitch the aircraft down to track the V/S target while A/THR will command idle; thus the speed will increase. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 34/54 You have been instructed to continue your descent to FL 100. You have chosen to disregard the F-PLN altitude constraints, thus you have selected FL100 on the FCU and pulled the ALT selector. - THR IDLE indicates that the A/THR will maintain the thrust at idle throughout the descent. - AP/FD is in OPEN DES mode. This means that the AP/FD vertical mode commands the aircraft pitch down so as to descend keeping target speed, directly to the FCU selected altitude. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 35/54 As the aircraft reaches the target altitude : - SPEED mode automatically engages on A/THR, - and ALT* mode automatically engages on AP/FD, indicating that the AP/FD vertical modes will smoothly capture the target altitude. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 36/54 Once the aircraft has leveled off, ALT mode automatically engages. The AP/FD vertical mode will now keep the aircraft in level flight. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 37/54 You have been cleared to and reached 2000ft. You are in ALT/NAV mode. On the ND, along the F-PLN, indicates the position where you should start to decelerate towards approach speed (VAPP) and get the aircraft configured for landing. If the aircraft overflies with NAV mode, the target speed will automatically decrease down to VAPP. But whenever you want, you can command this deceleration by pressing the ACTIVATE APPR PHASE key on the MCDU PERF page. D D AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 38/54 You will learn how to configure the aircraft for approach and landing later in the course. On the ND, you are flying an intercept leg towards the ILS. You are cleared for the approach. Display the ILS scales by pressing the ILS pb. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 39/54 No. To display the ILS scales, press the ILS pb on the EFIS control panel. You will learn how to configure the aircraft for approach and landing later in the course. On the ND, you are flying an intercept leg towards the ILS. You are cleared for the approach. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 40/54 You will learn how to configure the aircraft for approach and landing later in the course. On the ND, you are flying an intercept leg towards the ILS. You are cleared for the approach. No. To display the ILS scales, press the ILS pb on the EFIS control panel. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 41/54 The three green lines are illuminated on the ILS pb, and the ILS scales are displayed on the PFD. On the FMA, DH (Decision Height) is provided as inserted in the MCDU PERF page. Click on the forward arrow to continue. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 42/54 Arm the approach by pressing the APPR pb. Since you are cleared for approach, you have to press the APPR pb in order to arm the approach modes (LOC and G/S). AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 43/54 Since you are cleared for approach, you have to press the APPR pb in order to arm the approach modes (LOC and G/S). Noo.. Prreessss tthhee APPR ppbb oonn tthhee FFCU.. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 44/54 Since you are cleared for approach, you have to press the APPR pb in order to arm the approach modes (LOC and G/S). Noo.. Prreessss tthhee APPR ppbb oonn tthhee FFCU.. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 45/54 The three green lines are illuminated in the APPR pb. On the FMA, the LOC and GS are armed. Note: When you press the APPR pb, you get LOC - G/S modes because you have inserted an ILS approach in the FMGS FPLN which is materialized by “ILS APP” displayed on top of the ND. To ensure the best possible redundancy, set AP2 on. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 46/54 No. To engage the second autopilot, press the AP 2 pb on the FCU. The three green lines are illuminated in the APPR pb. On the FMA, the LOC and GS are armed. Note: When you press the APPR pb, you get LOC - G/S modes because you have inserted an ILS approach in the FMGS FPLN which is materialized by “ILS APP” displayed on top of the ND. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 47/54 No. To engage the second autopilot, press the AP 2 pb on the FCU. The three green lines are illuminated in the APPR pb. On the FMA, the LOC and GS are armed. Note: When you press the APPR pb, you get LOC - G/S modes because you have inserted an ILS approach in the FMGS FPLN which is materialized by “ILS APP” displayed on top of the ND. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 48/54 Both AP 1 and AP 2 are now on. The aircraft approach capability is CAT 3 DUAL which ensures the highest possible redundancy level and thus the lowest possible approach minima. Click on the forward arrow to continue. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 49/54 Since you activated the approach phase, the aircraft has been decelerating. Once closing up green dot speed, you can select “FLAPS 1” and the aircraft will decelerate towards S speed. On the PFD, you can notice that the LOC deviation symbol is centered, meaning that the aircraft is established on the localizer. LOC track mode is indicated in green on the FMA. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 50/54 When the aircraft has captured the G/S, it was flying at S speed. You have successively set : - The GO-AROUND altitude on the FCU (2500 feet), - “FLAPS 2”, - the gear down, - “FLAPS 3”, - and “FLAPS FULL”. The aircraft is now established on LOC and G/S with landing configuration, shown by LOC and G/S in green on the FMA. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 51/54 During the approach, the aircraft crosses 700 ft RA. Any FMGS change or failure does not affect the approach completion (Among other, ILS tuning is frozen). At about 400ft RA, the LAND mode engages, and any action on the FCU is disregarded. You can disengage this mode only by engaging the GO AROUND mode. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 52/54 You are now fully established on the approach with a DH of 250 ft. We will assume that you have the appropriate visual criteria at DH and continue to land. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 53/54 At around 50 ft, the FLARE mode automatically engages. At around 30 ft, the A/THR reduces the thrust to idle. At around 10 ft, a RETARD auto call out reminds you to set the thrust levers to idle. AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 54/54 At touchdown, the ROLL OUT mode automatically engages, and the yaw bar is displayed on the PFD. The AP tracks the runway centerline using the localizer signal. Then select reverse thrust and brakes as required. Set AP off at low speed. Welcome to Cairo! NEXT MMoodduullee ccoommpplleetteedd AUTOFLIGHT MENU Guidance modes (A) 55/54 LLIISSTTOOFFSSUUBBJJEECCTTSS EXIT AUDIO GLOSSARY FCOM RETURN IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN TTAAKKEE--OOFFFF CCRRUUIISSEE CCLLIIMMBB DDEESSCCEENNTT AAPPPPRROOAACCHH LLAANNDDIINNGG作者: guanshyy 时间: 2011-3-30 11:37:29
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