FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 1/39 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 2/39 Let’s first see the redundancy aspects of the flight controls. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 3/39 In case of a computer failure, the second computer of the same type takes over (ELAC, SEC and FAC cases). Note that SEC 3 is only used for spoiler control and does not participate (as SEC 1 and 2) in the flight control system reconfiguration. FAC 1 FAC 2 ELAC 1 ELAC 2 SEC 1 SEC 2 SEC 3 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 4/39 Each primary flight control surface is supplied by 2 (ailerons, elevators and stabilizer) or 3 (rudder) different hydraulic sources. Each control surface has an independent actuator for each hydraulic source. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 5/39 Each actuator is controlled by a different computer. One actuator for each surface is always in active mode. The other stays in damping mode and is monitored by its associated computer. ELAC 1 ELAC 2 AAccttiivveemmooddee DDaammppiinnggmmooddee FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 6/39 We will demonstrate these points in the following ELAC 1 failure. Assume, you are the PNF. You are in flight and everything is normal. AAccttiivveemmooddee DDaammppiinnggmmooddee Clliicckk oonn tthhee ffoorrwaarrdd aarrrroow ttoo aaccttiivvaattee tthhee ffaaiilluurree.. ELAC 1 ELAC 2 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 7/39 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 8/39 You hear the single chime and see the Master Caution light. No, to extinguish the Master Caution light, push the Master Caution pb sw. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 9/39 You hear the single chime and see the Master Caution light. No, to extinguish the Master Caution light, push the Master Caution pb sw. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 10/39 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 11/39 Onn tthhee E//WD,, rreeaadd tthhee ttiittllee ooff tthhee ffaaiilluurree.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 12/39 Observe ELAC indications on the ECAM F/CTL page. The “1” and the box of ELAC 1 are in amber. The “2” of ELAC 2 remains in green indicating that ELAC 2 has taken over automatically. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 13/39 Indications for aileron and elevator actuators, controlled by ELAC 1, are partially boxed in amber. This means that these actuators have automatically switched to damping mode. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 14/39 Actuators controlled by ELAC 2 have automatically switched from damping to active mode to control the ailerons and elevators. They are not boxed on the ECAM F/CTL page. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 15/39 ELAC 1 FAULT light is illuminated on the FLT CTL panel. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 16/39 We can see that the first action is to reset the faulty computer. The PF will ask you to perform the ECAM actions. PeerrffoorrmECAMaaccttiioonn.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 17/39 Noo,, sswiittcchh ELLAC 11 OFFFF.. We can see that the first action is to reset the faulty computer. The PF will ask you to perform the ECAM actions. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 18/39 Noo,, sswiittcchh ELLAC 11 OFFFF.. We can see that the first action is to reset the faulty computer. The PF will ask you to perform the ECAM actions. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 19/39 ELLAC 11 iiss nnoow OFFFF.. Coonnttiinnuuee ECAMaaccttiioonn.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 20/39 ELLAC 11 iiss nnoow OFFFF.. Noo,, sswiittcchh ELLAC 11 ON.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 21/39 ELLAC 11 iiss nnoow OFFFF.. Noo,, sswiittcchh ELLAC 11 ON.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 22/39 ELAC 1 has not been successfully reset. The procedure requires you to switch ELAC 1 OFF. Coonnttiinnuuee ECAMaaccttiioonn.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 23/39 ELAC 1 has not been successfully reset. The procedure requires you to switch ELAC 1 OFF. Noo,, sswiittcchh ELLAC 11 OFFFF.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 24/39 ELAC 1 has not been successfully reset. The procedure requires you to switch ELAC 1 OFF. Noo,, sswiittcchh ELLAC 11 OFFFF.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 25/39 Afftteerr rreevviieew aanndd ccoonnffiirrmaattiioonn ffrroomtthhee PFF...... Clleeaarr FF//CTTLL.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 26/39 Afftteerr rreevviieew aanndd ccoonnffiirrmaattiioonn ffrroomtthhee PFF...... Noo,, pprreessss eeiitthheerr CLLR kkeeyy.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 27/39 Afftteerr rreevviieew aanndd ccoonnffiirrmaattiioonn ffrroomtthhee PFF...... Noo,, pprreessss eeiitthheerr CLLR kkeeyy.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 28/39 The STATUS page is displayed for review. A green message advises us that we have a degradation in approach capability. Note that there are loss of neither control surfaces nor maneuvering ability. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 29/39 You can see, in the INOP SYS column, that ELAC 1 and CAT 3 DUAL are now inoperative. After review and confirmation from the PF... Clleeaarr STTATTUS.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 30/39 You can see, in the INOP SYS column, that ELAC 1 and CAT 3 DUAL are now inoperative. After review and confirmation from the PF... Noo,, pprreessss tthhee STTS kkeeyy oorr eeiitthheerr CLLR kkeeyy.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 31/39 You can see, in the INOP SYS column, that ELAC 1 and CAT 3 DUAL are now inoperative. After review and confirmation from the PF... Noo,, pprreessss tthhee STTS kkeeyy oorr eeiitthheerr CLLR kkeeyy.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 32/39 ECAMaaccttiioonnss ccoompplleetteedd.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 33/39 We will now review the other redundancy features and protections we did not have the opportunity to see when performing the previous procedure. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 34/39 ELAC 1 ELAC 2 SEC 2 In case of complete failure of ELAC computers, SEC 2 computer takes over the control of the elevators and the THS. The roll function is still available via the spoilers. The ailerons are in damping mode. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 35/39 SEC 2 ELAC 1 ELAC 2 SEC 1 In the very low probability of SEC 2 failure, it will be replaced by SEC 1. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 36/39 Another case of failure is an elevator fault. In this case, the deflection of the remaining one is limited to avoid excessive asymmetrical loads on the tail or rear fuselage and to reduce the asymmetry effects . The remaining surface is sufficient to resume normal flight. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 37/39 In case of total loss of normal control or hydraulic supply, the elevators are automatically set to and maintained in the neutral position. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 38/39 Provided the appropriate Hydraulic systems are available: - Mechanical control of the THS is always available via the pitch trim wheels. - For the rudder, mechanical control via the rudder pedals is always available even in case of complete failure of FAC computers. This is called the mechanical backup. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 39/39 SUMMARY: • General rules: If a computer fails, the second computer of the same type takes over. Each primary flight control surface is supplied by at least 2 different hydraulic sources. An independent actuator is associated with each hydraulic source for each surface. Each actuator is controlled by a different computer. For a surface, one actuator is always in active mode while the other(s) are in damping mode. • Ailerons/Elevators/THS/Rudder: If both ELAC fail, SEC 2 controls the elevators and the THS. The ailerons are in damping mode. If SEC 2 fails, it will be replaced by SEC 1. In case of one elevator failure, the deflection of the remaining one is limited to avoid excessive loads on the tail and rear fuselage. Mechanical backup is always available using the rudder pedals and pitch trim wheels, provided the appropriate hydraulic systems are available. NEXT MMoodduullee ccoommpplleetteedd FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU Abnormal operation (A) 40/39 LLIISSTTOOFFSSUUBBJJEECCTTSS EXIT AUDIO GLOSSARY FCOM RETURN EELLAACC11FFAAUULLTT CCOOMMPPUUTTEERRFFAAIILLUURREESS作者: bocome 时间: 2011-7-31 08:56:08