FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 1/42 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 2/42 We will begin this module by explaining the basic concept of the “Fly By Wire“ system. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 3/42 This has the advantage of saving weight on the aircraft, However, there are, even greater advantages as the video clip will demonstrate. In conventional aircraft, the movement of the control column is transferred along cables and pulleys, until it reaches the control surface to be moved. In the A320 family however, the cables and pulleys have been replaced by electrical wires. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 4/42 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 5/42 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 6/42 The electrical signals created by sidestick movement travel through flight control computers before being passed to the surface hydraulic actuators, also named servo controls. These computers analyze the signal to check that it is a safe command and ensure the optimum flight control surface deflection for the demand. FLIGHT CONTROL COMPUTERS FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 7/42 This has advantages over conventional systems. It : • makes the aircraft extremely stable, • enhances safety, • reduces the workload of the pilot. Let’s now look at the flight control surfaces themselves. FLIGHT CONTROL COMPUTERS FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 8/42 R AIL L AIL FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 9/42 R AIL L AIL R ELEV L ELEV FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 10/42 PITCH TRIM R AIL L AIL R ELEV L ELEV FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 11/42 PITCH TRIM RUD R AIL L AIL R ELEV L ELEV FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 12/42 PITCH TRIM •• A rruuddddeerr,, RUD TThhee fflliigghhtt ccoonnttrrooll ssyysstteemiinnccoorrppoorraatteess:: •• Aiilleerroonnss,, •• A TTrriimmaabbllee Hoorriizzoonnttaall Sttaabbiilliizzeerr ((TTHS)) ffoorr ppiittcchh ttrriim,, •• Elleevvaattoorrss,, SPD BRK •• Grroouunndd ssppooiilleerrss//Sppeeeedd bbrraakkeess.. R AIL L AIL R ELEV L ELEV FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 13/42 PITCH TRIM RUD Noow lleett’’ss iinnttrroodduuccee tthhee ECAMFF//CTTLL ppaaggee.. You can see that all the flight control surfaces we have talked about are displayed. We will now see them in more detail. SPD BRK R AIL L AIL R ELEV L ELEV FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 14/42 The movements of both ailerons and both elevators are symbolized by a green index moving in front of a white scale. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 15/42 The green rudder symbol is used as an index to display the movements of the rudder on a white scale. The rudder trim is indicated by a small blue line below the scale. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 16/42 High speed position Note that the rudder and the pedal deflections are limited as a function of speed via a rudder travel limiter. The high speed position is indicated by small white ticks on the rudder scale. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 17/42 The PITCH TRIM position is indicated by THS deflection in degrees up or down. Let’s continue with the spoilers. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 18/42 The spoilers have several functions: • Speed brakes use the 3 central surfaces, FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 19/42 • Roll control uses the four outer surfaces, On the video, look at the left spoilers as they deploy, then at the right ones as the wings are leveled . Clliicckk oonn tthhee vviiddeeoo wiinnddoow ttoo ssttaarrtt iitt !! FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 20/42 • Ground spoilers use all surfaces. On the video, watch as all the spoilers deploy at touchdown. Clliicckk oonn tthhee vviiddeeoo wiinnddoow ttoo ssttaarrtt iitt !! FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 21/42 On the ECAM F/CTL page, the spoiler extended position is indicated by small arrows. This is the speed brake case. All these control surface indications will be explained in more detail in the normal and abnormal operation modules. Now, we will look at the flight control computers. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 22/42 •• TTwoo ELLeevvaattoorr aanndd Aiilleerroonn Coomppuutteerrss ((ELLAC)),, •• TThhrreeee Sppooiilleerr aanndd Elleevvaattoorr Coomppuutteerrss ((SEC)),, •• TTwoo FFlliigghhtt Auuggmeennttaattiioonn Coomppuutteerrss ((FFAC)).. TThheemoovveemeennttss ooff tthhee fflliigghhtt ccoonnttrrooll ssuurrffaacceess aarreemaannaaggeedd bbyy sseevveenn ccoomppuutteerrss.. TThheessee aarree:: FAC 1 FAC 2 ELAC 1 ELAC 2 SEC 1 SEC 2 SEC 3 Flliightt cconttrroll ccomputteerrss FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 23/42 ELAC 1 ELAC 2 SEC 1 SEC 2 SEC 3 In addition, two Flight Control Data Concentrator computers (FCDC) are used to acquire data from the ELAC and SEC. Then, they send it to the EIS. FCDC 1 FCDC 2 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 24/42 ELAC 1 ELAC 2 SEC 1 SEC 2 SEC 3 However, the data from both FAC is sent directly to the EIS. FCDC 1 FCDC 2 FAC 1 FAC 2 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 25/42 The status of ELAC and SEC is indicated on the ECAM F/CTL page. The other computers are not displayed. These indications will be seen in more detail in the abnormal operation module. Now, we will see the hydraulic aspect. ELAC 1 ELAC 2 SEC 1 SEC 3 SEC 2 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 26/42 TThhrreeee iinnddeeppeennddeenntt hhyyddrraauulliicc ssyysstteemss aarree uusseedd ttoo ppooweerr aallll tthhee fflliigghhtt ccoonnttrrooll ssuurrffaacceess.. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 27/42 The hydraulic systems which actuate each control surface are indicated on the ECAM F/CTL page by the use of G, B and Y. For example, the rudder is powered by the Green, Blue and Yellow hydraulic systems. The ECAM F/CTL page is now complete. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 28/42 Pilots control pitch and roll through two side sticks. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 29/42 There are associated side stick priority lights. Side sticks and priority lights will be explained in a separate module. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 30/42 Pitch trim wheels are located on the center pedestal. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 31/42 There are two sets of conventional rudder pedals. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 32/42 A RUD TRIM panel is located on the pedestal. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 33/42 A speed brake lever is located on the left side of the pedestal. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 34/42 In addition, there are two panels, located on the overhead panel to control the flight control computers . Now, we will introduce the lift augmentation devices. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 35/42 There are 5 slats on each leading edge ... FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 36/42 and 2 flaps on each trailing edge. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 37/42 The slats and flaps are hydraulically actuated like all the other surfaces. They are electrically controlled via two Slat Flap Control Computers (SFCC). SFCC 1 SFCC 2 FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 38/42 Each SFCC has two channels, one for the flaps and one for the slats. Each channel can drive its associated surfaces. SFCC 2 FLAP CHANNEL SLAT CHANNEL SFCC 1 FLAP CHANNEL SLAT CHANNEL FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 39/42 The flap lever, located on the right side of the pedestal, operates the slats and flaps. The flap lever has the following positions: 0, 1, 2, 3 and FULL. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 40/42 The flaps and slats information is shown on the E/WD. The flap and slat positions are indicated by white dots. Here, the surfaces are extended to position 1+F. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 41/42 This is Flap 0 indication. Notice there is no labeling with this setting. FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 42/42 The slats and flaps are fitted with protection functions. In particular, Surface asymmetry between left and right wing, Surface attachment failure, Overspeed or uncommanded movement are detected. All these protections will be seen in detail in the abnormal operation modules. NEXT MMoodduullee ccoommpplleetteedd FLIGHT CONTROLS MENU System presentation 43/42 HHYYDDRRAAUULLIICC LLIISSTTOOFFSSUUBBJJEECCTTSS EXIT AUDIO GLOSSARY FCOM RETURN FFLLIIGGHHTTBBYYWWIIRREE FFLLIIGGHHTTCCOONNTTRROOLLSSUURRFFAACCEESS CCOOMMPPUUTTEERRSS CCOONNTTRROOLLSS EECCAAMMPPAAGGEESS SSLLAATTSSaannddFFLLAAPPSS作者: show616 时间: 2011-4-22 11:50:24
