飞机各操纵面
1 Introduction
The flight controls keep the airplane at the necessary attitude during flight. There are two types of flight control systems: Primary; Secondary.
The primary flight control system moves the airplane about three axes: lateral, longitudinal, and vertical. The primary flight control system has these components:
- Aileron (2)
- Elevator (2)
- Rudder.
The secondary flight controls improve the lift and handling properties of the airplane. The secondary flight control system has these components:
- Leading edge devices (10)
- Trailing edge flaps (4)
- Spoilers and speedbrakes (10)
- Horizontal stabilizer.
The ailerons control the flight attitude of the airplane around the longitudinal axis.
The ailerons are on the wing outboard trailing edge.
The elevators control the pitch attitude of the airplane around the lateral axis.
The elevators are on the trailing edge of the horizontal stabilizer.
The rudder controls the flight attitude of the airplanearound the vertical axis.
The rudder has hinges aft of the rear spar of the vertical stabilizer.
The leading edge devices are used in combination with the trailing edge flaps to allow airplane operation from short runways. The use of leading edge devices allows a change in wing camber which greatly increases lift. The leading edge lift devices consist of four Krueger flaps and six slats.
Three leading edge slats are installed outboard of the engine and two leading edge flaps are installed inboard of the engine on each wing. The slats and flaps are numbered from left to right as shown in Fig.
The trailing edge (TE) flaps increase the wing area and the wing camber. This increases lift to make the takeoff and landing performance of the airplane better.
Two triple-slotted flaps are on the wing inboard trailing edge.
The spoilers help the ailerons control airplane roll around the longitudinal axis. They also supply speedbrake control to decrease lift and increase drag during landing and refused take-off.
There are five spoilers on each wing. There is one spoiler inboard of each engine strut and four spoilers outboard of each engine strut. Each spoiler has a number, 0 thru 9 (from left to right). The ground spoilers are the two most outboard and the one most inboard spoiler on each wing. All the other spoilers are flight spoilers.
The horizontal stabilizer controls the pitch trim of the airplane around the lateral axis. The horizontalstabilizer is on the aft section of the fuselage.
2 Ref: AMM27-00-00 AMM27-51-00 AMM27-61-00 AMM27-81-00
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