CL_604-AUXILIARY_POWER_UNIT挑战者604辅助动力装置

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CL_604-AUXILIARY_POWER_UNIT

 

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Table of Contents
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-i
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
Introduction .........................................................................................................................5-1
APU Enclosure..............................................................................................................5-1
Power Section and Accessory Gearbox .............................................................................5-2
Description ....................................................................................................................5-2
Components and Operation..........................................................................................5-2
Power Section .........................................................................................................5-2
Gearbox ..................................................................................................................5-2
Lubrication System..................................................................................................5-2
Generator Adapter ..............................................................................................................5-4
Description ....................................................................................................................5-4
Components and Operation..........................................................................................5-4
Lubrication System..................................................................................................5-4
Electrical Generator ................................................................................................5-4
Air Intake and Exhaust........................................................................................................5-6
Description ....................................................................................................................5-6
Components and Operation..........................................................................................5-6
Air Intake .................................................................................................................5-6
Exhaust ...................................................................................................................5-6
EGT Indications.......................................................................................................5-6
APU Fuel Distribution System.............................................................................................5-8
Description ....................................................................................................................5-8
Components and Operation..........................................................................................5-8
APU Fuel Pump ......................................................................................................5-8
APU Fuel Shutoff Valve ..........................................................................................5-8
APU Negative-G Shutoff Valve ...............................................................................5-9
APU Fuel Control Unit (FCU) ..................................................................................5-9
Start and Ignition............................................................................................................... 5-11
Description .................................................................................................................. 5-11
Components and Operation........................................................................................ 5-11
APU Battery .......................................................................................................... 5-11
Electronic Control Unit (ECU) ............................................................................... 5-11
APU Starter ........................................................................................................... 5-11
Ignition System...................................................................................................... 5-11
Operating Sequences ................................................................................................. 5-12
Start Sequence ..................................................................................................... 5-12
Shutdown Sequence ............................................................................................. 5-12
Protective Shutdowns ........................................................................................... 5-13
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-ii For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Pneumatic Supply ............................................................................................................. 5-14
Description .................................................................................................................. 5-14
Components and Operation........................................................................................ 5-14
Bleed Air Supply.................................................................................................... 5-14
Load Control Valve (LCV) ..................................................................................... 5-14
Surge Control Valve (SCV) ................................................................................... 5-15
Bleed Air Indication ............................................................................................... 5-15
Controls and Indicators ............................................................................................... 5-17
EICAS Messages........................................................................................................ 5-20
List of Figures
Graphic Title Figure
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-iii
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) .................................................................................................5-1
APU Schematic (Power Section and Accessory Gearbox).................................................5-2
APU Schematic (Generator Adapter)..................................................................................5-3
APU Schematic (Air Intake and Exhaust) ...........................................................................5-4
APU Schematic (Fuel Distribution, Start and Ignition) ........................................................5-5
APU Schematic (Pneumatic Supply) ..................................................................................5-6
APU System Schematic......................................................................................................5-7
APU Control Panel and EICAS Indications.........................................................................5-8
APU Fault Indication Panel .................................................................................................5-9
EICAS Synoptic and Status Page Color Coding............................................................... 5-10
5-iv For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Page Intentionally Left Blank
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-1
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
CHAPTER 5: AUXILIARY POWER UNIT Introduction
A GTCP-36-100E constant-speed gas turbine auxiliary power unit (APU) is installed
in a fire-resistant compartment in the aft equipment bay of the airplane.
The APU drives a generator providing AC electrical power during ground operations,
and serves as a backup AC power source in flight. The APU also provides pressurized
bleed air to the 10th-stage manifold for air conditioning and engine starting.
The maximum operating altitude of the APU is 20,000 feet MSL. In-flight APU
starting is guaranteed below 15,000 feet and has been demonstrated up to 20,000 feet,
from 141 to 290 KIAS. In-flight APU bleed air extraction for air conditioning is not
permitted above 14,500 feet.
APU Enclosure
The APU enclosure is a stainless-steel, fireproof box with dedicated fire detection and
fire extinguishing capabilities. The enclosure is located in the forward section of the
aft equipment bay, and is equipped with a service door for APU oil servicing. A
spring-loaded flapper door on the left side of the enclosure provides cooling airflow
while the APU is operating. When the APU is shut down, the flapper door is springloaded
closed.
APU fire detection and fire extinguishing systems are covered in Chapter 9 Fire
Protection.
Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)
Figure 5-1
APU Enclosure
Assembly
Flapper
Door
APU Inlet Duct
Water Drain
10th-Stage
Bleed Air
Ducting (ref)
APU Inlet
Duct Assembly
Service Door
APU Electronic
Control Unit
P604_05_006
APU Enclosure
Access Panel
APU Exhaust
System
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-2 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Power Section and Accessory Gearbox
Description
The APU power section consists of a gas turbine engine with integrated oil, ignition,
and start systems. The power section drives a gearbox that reduces the rotational speed
of the APU to a speed appropriate for operation of gearbox-mounted accessories.
The APU powerplant consists of the following major components:
• Single-stage centrifugal compressor
• Single-stage turbine
• Accessory gearbox with integral oil reservoir
• Annular reverse flow combustor
• Exhaust duct
Components and Operation
Power Section
Engine power is developed through compression of ambient air by a centrifugal
compressor. The compressed air, when mixed with fuel and ignited in the annular
reverse-flow combustor, drives a turbine. The rotating shaft of the turbine rotor drives
the compressor and the drive shaft of the accessory gearbox.
Gearbox
The APU gearbox assembly provides power transfer from the starter motor to the
accessories and power section during APU starting as well as to all gearbox-mounted
accessories during on-speed rotation. The accessories include:
• Start Motor
• Generator adapter
• Speed sensor
• Lubrication module
• Fuel Control Unit
Lubrication System
The APU gearbox also serves as an oil reservoir and wet-sump lubrication system. A
filler cap with integrated dipstick is incorporated for gearbox oil servicing. Gearbox
oil cooling is achieved by airflow over cooling fins integral to the lower casing of the
accessory gearbox.
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-3
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Wait a minimum of 30 minutes after APU shutdown to allow the
gearbox wet sump oil level to stabilize. Otherwise, quantity
indications may be inaccurate, and the reservoir may be
overfilled.
APU Schematic (Power Section and Accessory Gearbox)
Figure 5-2
NOTE
P604_05_012
APU
Inlet
Air
Start
Motor
Fuel
Control
Unit
Gearbox
Oil Tank
Cooling
Fins
Turbine
Generator
Adapter
Combustor
Compressor
RPM
Sensor
Accessory
Gearbox
Exhaust
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-4 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Generator Adapter
Description
The generator adapter transfers APU rotational power from the gearbox to the APU
generator. It has a dedicated pressurized lubrication system.
Components and Operation
Lubrication System
The generator adapter lubrication system is independent from the accessory gearbox
lubrication system, and has a separate filler cap with integrated dipstick for servicing.
The oil within the generator adapter lubrication system is cooled by a fuel/oil heat
exchanger. The cooling fuel supply to the heat exchanger is from the normal APU fuel
feed from the right main tank. If the normal fuel feed is not available, generator
adapter oil will not be cooled, and APU operating time will be limited.
Wait a minimum of 30 minutes after APU shutdown to allow the
generator adapter oil level to stabilize. Otherwise, quantity
indication may be inaccurate, and the adapter may be overfilled.
Generator adapter oil pressure is high immediately after
shutdown. To avoid injury, bleed excess pressure from the
generator adapter by pushing the pressure-relief valve cap
for at least 5 seconds prior to opening the APU generator/
adapter oil filler cap.
Electrical Generator
The APU generator adapter drives a 30 kVA, 400-Hz, three-cycle AC generator used
as a backup electrical power supply for the aircraft. The APU generator is identical to
the engine-driven generators, and is primarily used during ground operations. If the
APU generator is being used to supply electrical power in flight, bleed air extraction
from the APU is not permitted (see Chapter 7 Electrical for additional information).
Use of APU generator in flight is not permitted unless both main
generators have failed or are off-line.
NOTE
CAUTION
NOTE
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-5
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
APU Schematic (Generator Adapter)
Figure 5-3
ECU
HIGH TEMP
LOW PRESS
P604_05_013
Fuel/Oil
Heat Exchanger
Generator
Adapter
Oil Tank
Generator
Adapter
30 kVA
Generator
LEGEND
Fuel Line
Electrical Signals To/From
Right Main Tank
Fuel Control
Unit
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-6 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Air Intake and Exhaust
Description
The APU air intake is located on the upper left portion of the aft fuselage, near the
base of the vertical stabilizer. The opening of the intake is flush with the fuselage.
APU exhaust gases are expelled through an exhaust duct which exits on the right side
of the aft fuselage, below the right engine pylon.
Components and Operation
Air Intake
The air intake is an s-shaped duct with an inlet screen and a water trap (with associated
drain line). The intake is attached to the top of the APU enclosure.
Exhaust
The APU exhaust gases are discharged overboard through an exhaust duct located
below the right engine. The exhaust duct is equipped with a muffler assembly which
also acts as an ejector, drawing cooling air through the APU enclosure by means of a
spring-loaded flapper door installed on the opposite side of the APU enclosure.
EGT Indications
APU exhaust gas temperature is indicated on the EICAS status page using an
indicating arc that expands and contracts as APU operating limits change.
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-7
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
APU Schematic (Air Intake and Exhaust)
Figure 5-4
ECU
CABIN TEMP
BLEED PRESS
FUEL TEMP
ENGINE
BULK
OXY
C ALT
RATE
P
47
23
0
36 35
1820
100
0
0.0
APU
100 323
RPM EGT
15
P604_05_010
APU
Inlet
Air
Fuel
Control
Unit
Thermo-
Couple
Exhaust
LEGEND
Electrical Signals
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-8 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
APU Fuel Distribution System
Description
The APU fuel system provides fuel for start, acceleration, and governed speed control
of the APU. During start, the fuel system provides the correct amount of fuel to
support combustion and for smooth acceleration of the engine to full power. Once full
power is reached, fuel flow is modulated as necessary to meet the demands of varying
pneumatic and electrical loads, while maintaining a constant speed.
The APU is protected from overtemperature by the electronic control unit.
The normal fuel supply to the APU is from the right main tank. A backup fuel supply
from the left engine motive flow system is provided in case negative-G conditions are
encountered.
The APU fuel feed system incorporates an APU fuel pump, an APU fuel shutoff valve,
a negative-G shutoff valve, one-way check valves, and a fuel control unit.
Components and Operation
APU Fuel Pump
The APU fuel pump is powered by the DC Battery Bus, and draws fuel from the right
main tank. The pump provides fuel to the APU fuel control unit through the feed line
and the APU fuel shutoff valve.
Selection of the APU PWR FUEL switch/light activates the APU fuel pump and opens
the APU fuel shutoff valve and negative-G shutoff valve. Insufficient pump output
pressure is indicated by illumination of the PUMP FAIL indicator in the PWR FUEL
switch/light and the APU PUMP caution EICAS message.
A portion of the fuel from the APU fuel pump reaches the APU fuel control unit for
combustion, while the remainder is directed through the fuel/oil heat exchanger to
provide cooling of the APU generator adapter oil. Fuel that has passed through the
heat exchanger is returned to the right main tank.
APU Fuel Shutoff Valve
The APU fuel shutoff valve opens when the PWR FUEL switch/light is pressed in, and
closes when it is pressed out. If the valve does not match the switch position within 5
seconds, the APU SOV caution EICAS message is displayed.
When the APU FIRE PUSH switch/light is pressed in, the APU fuel shutoff valve (and
the APU negative-G shutoff valve) will close. Successful closing of the valves is
indicated by illumination of the green SOV CLOSED switch/light indicator, and the
APU SOV CLOSED advisory EICAS message. If the APU fuel shutoff valve fails to
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-9
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
close after APU FIRE PUSH switch/light selection, the APU SOV caution EICAS
message will be displayed.
APU Negative-G Shutoff Valve
The APU negative-G shutoff valve opens when the PWR FUEL switch/light is pressed
in, and closes when it is pressed out. The APU negative-G shutoff valve allows fuel
from the left engine feed line (by motive flow or electric boost pump operation) to
automatically supply the APU fuel control unit during negative-G conditions or in the
case of APU fuel pump failure. Positive pressure is required for fuel to pass through
the differential pressure check valve. A one-way check valve prevents this fuel from
entering the fuel-oil heat exchanger.
APU FIRE PUSH switch/light operation commands the APU negative-G shutoff valve
closed (as described in the previous section). If the valve fails to close, the APU NEG
G SOV caution EICAS message is displayed. In this condition, the left engine's motive
flow will continue to supply fuel to the APU. It may be necessary to shut down the left
engine in order to shut off the fuel supply to the APU if the APU FIRE PUSH switch/
light was selected due to an APU fire condition.
The APU may be only operated for a short time using the
alternate fuel source through the APU negative-G shutoff valve
because of the danger of generator adapter oil overheating.
Refer to your Minimum Equipment List for operating time limits.
APU Fuel Control Unit (FCU)
The APU fuel control unit is driven by the accessory gearbox and meters fuel to the
combustor under command of the electronic control unit (ECU). The APU fuel control
unit is equipped with an internal fuel shutoff solenoid, located between the fuel control
unit and the combustor fuel nozzles, which opens and closes when commanded by the
ECU. In addition to controlling fuel shutoff, the ECU regulates fuel flow to ensure
proper operating speed and temperatures throughout the operating envelope of the
APU.
During normal or automatic APU shutdown, an overspeed signal is generated to close
the fuel control unit shutoff solenoid. Closing the solenoid shutoff valve interrupts the
supply of fuel, causing the APU to shut down.
NOTE
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-10 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
APU Schematic (Fuel Distribution, Start and Ignition)
Figure 5-5
APU
START/ STOP
START
AVAIL
PWR FUEL
PUMP
FAIL
SOV
CLOSED
APU BATT
DIR BUS
BATT
BUS
To ECU
APU FAULT
Panel
APU Panel
HIGH TEMP
LOW PRESS
HIGH TEMP
LOW PRESS
CABIN TEMP
BLEED PRESS
FUEL TEMP
ENGINE
BULK
OXY
C ALT
RATE
P
47
23
0
36 35
1820
100
0
0.0
APU
100 323
RPM EGT
15
Fire
Shutdown
Relay
OVER
SPEED
OVER
CURRENT
EGT
HIGH
PRESS. LOW TEMP. HIGH
PRESS. LOW TEMP. HIGH
IND. RESET APU STOP
APU FAULT
OIL
GEN. ADAPTER OIL
P604_05_011
APU
Inlet
Air
Start
Motor
Fuel
Control
Unit
FCU
Shutoff
Valve
Combustor
Thermo-
Couple
RPM
Sensor
Exhaust
APU
FUEL
PUMP
To Left
Engine
Back to
Right Main
Tank
Right Main
Tank
APU
Negative-G
SOV
APU
Fuel
SOV
LEGEND
Fuel Line
Pressurized Fuel Line
Electrical Signals
Electrical Commands
Electrical Power
DUCT
MON
10TH STAGE
APU LCV
FAIL
OPEN
ISOL
OPEN
L
DUCT
FAIL
CLOSED
R
DUCT
FAIL
CLOSED
BLEED AIR
Panel
From
Left
Motive
Flow
Line
ECU
Note: Left motive 1 flow line can be fed by L Eng fuel boost pump, R Eng fuel boost pump, L Eng driven pump
1
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-11
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Start and Ignition
Description
The starting and ignition systems operate automatically during the APU start
sequence.
Components and Operation
APU Battery
The 24-volt, 43-ampere-hour APU battery is located below the APU enclosure in the
aft equipment bay. The APU battery provides the cranking power required to turn the
APU starter. In the event of APU battery rundown, external DC power may be
connected to the aircraft to supply the APU Battery Direct Bus, allowing APU start.
Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
The ECU monitors APU sensors and switches, and sets the appropriate fuel and
temperature schedules. In addition, the ECU relays APU operating data to the flight
crew through the data concentrator units (to EICAS) and to the APU fault indication
panel located on the left aft fuselage (next to the ground air adapter).
The ECU senses changes in shaft or bleed load and adjusts the fuel supply to maintain
a constant rpm at 100%. If EGT operating limits are exceeded, the ECU will reduce the
bleed load by cycling the load control valve closed.
The ECU is powered by the Battery Bus when the APU PWR FUEL switch/light is
pressed in.
APU Starter
The APU starter motor is DC powered by the APU Battery Direct Bus. It transfers
cranking power to the APU drive shaft through the accessory gearbox. The white
START indicator in the top half of the START/STOP switch/light illuminates
whenever the starter motor is engaged.
The APU Battery must have at least 22 volts for starter motor operation.
Ignition System
The ignition system ignites the fuel/air mixture during start.
The ignition system is energized after the START/STOP switch/light is pressed and
APU rpm reaches 10%. Ignition is de-energized when rpm reaches 95%.
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-12 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Operating Sequences
Start Sequence
With the Battery Master switch ON, pushing the PWR FUEL switch/light opens the
APU fuel shutoff valve and negative-G shutoff valve, turns on the APU fuel pump,
arms the START/STOP switch/light, and displays the APU gauges on the EICAS.
Pressing in the START/STOP switch/light powers and signals the ECU to initiate the
start sequence. The start is automatically controlled.
• 10% - Ignition activated
• 60% - Starter cutout
• 95% - Ignition deactivated
• 95% + 4 secs (approx.) - APU AVAIL (green) on
• 100% + 15 secs (approx.) - APU GEN OFF (amber) message on EICAS
When the APU has stabilized and is ready for use, a green AVAIL light illuminates.
The APU GEN OFF (amber) message indicates that the APU is stabilized, operational,
and the APU generator has not been selected.
If time permits, allow APU rpm to stabilize at 100% for two
minutes before applying bleed air load.
Shutdown Sequence
The normal shutdown sequence is as follows:
• press out the START/STOP switch/light
• wait until RPM and EGT gauges wind down through the 6 o’clock position
• press out the PWR FUEL switch
Pressing out the START/STOP switch/light causes the internal FCU fuel shutoff valve
to close and the APU to shut down. When the PWR FUEL switch is pressed out, ECU
power is removed, the APU fuel shutoff valve and negative-G shutoff valve are closed,
and the APU fuel pump turns off. The gauges will remain in view for approximately
60 seconds with RPM and EGT indications reading zero.
If the PWR FUEL switch is not deselected at the end of the APU
shutdown sequence, the internal runtime clock of the APU
continues to register as if the APU was still operating.
NOTE
NOTE
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-13
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Protective Shutdowns
Automatic protective shutdowns occur for the following preprogrammed conditions:
All protective shutdowns generate EICAS messages except for the Overcurrent
condition.
The cause of the shutdown is also annunciated on the APU FAULT indication panel
(except for APU FIRE) by magnetic trip indicators or LEDs. Starting with aircraft
5492 and subsequent, the fault panel has LED fault indicators (see Figure 5-9).
The panel also includes an IND RESET button to clear all trip indicators and an APU
STOP button for emergency shutdown of the APU from outside the airplane. If the
APU STOP button is used, the OVERSPEED magnetic indicator will show a fault
condition.
CONDITION EICAS INDICATION
FIRE Master warning, fire bell, APU fire light, APU FIRE warning
message
OVERSPEED Master warning, triple attenson, APU OVERSPEED warning
message
OVERTEMP Master warning, triple attenson, APU OVERTEMP warning
message
LOW OIL PRESSURE Master warning, single attenson, APU OIL PRESS caution
message
HIGH OIL TEMPERATURE Master caution, single attenson, APU OIL TEMP caution
message
OVERCURRENT Nil
GENERATOR ADAPTER LOW OIL PRESSURE Master caution, single attenson, APU OIL PRESS caution
message
GENERATOR ADAPTER HIGH OIL
TEMPERATURE
Master caution, single attenson, APU OIL TEMP caution
message
Protective Shutdowns Table
Table 5-1
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-14 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Pneumatic Supply
Description
APU compressor bleed air is used to pressurize the left side of the 10th-stage bleed air
manifold to provide pneumatics for engine starting and air conditioning. Reverse
airflow protection is provided by a one-way check valve and the interlock control
logic of the 10th-stage bleed air switch/lights (for additional information on the 10thstage
bleed air manifold, see Chapter 19 Pneumatic System).
Components and Operation
The APU pneumatic control system consists of two components, the load control
valve (LCV) and the surge control valve (SCV).
Bleed Air Supply
The APU delivers its pneumatic output to the 10th-stage manifold through the load
control valve. When the load control valve is opened, a portion of the compressor
discharge air is routed to the left side of the 10th-stage bleed air manifold. This diverts
pneumatic energy from the turbine and some of the cooling air from the combustion
system. As with shaft loads, the rpm drops, and the ECU commands an increase in fuel
flow to recover full governed speed. The loss of pneumatic energy is replaced with
thermal energy (fuel), and EGT increases.
Two variables influence EGT under bleed load conditions:
• Aircraft demand for bleed air (air conditioning packs or engine starting)
• Ambient air temperature and air density
If the EGT reaches its limit, the ECU will reduce the bleed air load by cycling the LCV
toward the closed position.
Load Control Valve (LCV)
The APU LCV is controlled from the flight deck by selecting the APU LCV OPEN
switch/light on the BLEED AIR control panel. It controls APU bleed air supply to the
left side of the 10th-stage manifold. The ECU ensures that priority is given to
electrical loads by cycling the LCV closed (reducing bleed load) when the exhaust gas
temperature approaches operating limits.
Load control valve operation is indicated by illumination of the OPEN indicator in the
APU LCV switch/light. When the ECU cycles the LCV for EGT limit protection, the
OPEN indicator will extinguish. If the APU LCV has failed open with the 10th stage
switch/light interlock protection activated, the APU LCV FAIL caution EICAS
message is displayed.
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-15
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Surge Control Valve (SCV)
To prevent compressor surge, unused bleed air is vented through the SCV into the
APU exhaust muffler whenever the LCV is commanded closed. Surge control valve
operation is automatically controlled by the electronic control unit.
Bleed Air Indication
Left and right 10th-stage bleed air indications are displayed on the EICAS status page
below the APU gauges.
APU Schematic (Pneumatic Supply)
Figure 5-6
ECU
P604_05_014
Bleed
Air to
10th-Stage
Manifold
APU
Inlet
Air
Surge
Control
Valve
Thermo-
Couple
APU Load
Control
Valve
Exhaust
LEGEND
Electrical Signals
Electrical Commands
DUCT
MON
10TH STAGE
APU LCV
FAIL
OPEN
ISOL
OPEN
L
DUCT
FAIL
CLOSED
R
DUCT
FAIL
CLOSED
BLEED AIR
Panel
CABIN TEMP
BLEED PRESS
FUEL TEMP
ENGINE
BULK
OXY
C ALT
RATE
P
47
23
0
36 35
1820
100
0
0.0
APU
100 323
RPM EGT
15
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-16 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
APU System Schematic
Figure 5-7
APU
START/ STOP
START
AVAIL
PWR FUEL
PUMP
FAIL
SOV
CLOSED
ECU
APU BATT
DIR BUS
BATT
BUS
To ECU
APU FAULT
Panel
APU Panel
HIGH TEMP
LOW PRESS
HIGH TEMP
LOW PRESS
CABIN TEMP
BLEED PRESS
FUEL TEMP
ENGINE
BULK
OXY
C ALT
RATE
P
47
23
0
36 35
1820
100
0
0.0
APU
100 323
RPM EGT
15
Fire
Shutdown
Relay
OVER
SPEED
OVER
CURRENT
EGT
HIGH
PRESS. LOW TEMP. HIGH
PRESS. LOW TEMP. HIGH
IND. RESET APU STOP
APU FAULT
OIL
GEN. ADAPTER OIL
P604_05_007
Bleed
Air
APU
Inlet
Air
Start
Motor
Fuel
Control
Unit
Fuel/Oil
Heat Exchanger
FCU
Shutoff
Valve
Gearbox
Oil Tank
Cooling
Fins
Surge
Control
Valve
Generator
Adapter
Oil Tank
Generator
Adapter
30 kVA
Generator
Hour
Meter
Combustor
Thermo-
Couple
APU Load
Control
Valve
RPM
Sensor
Accessory
Gearbox
Exhaust
APU
FUEL
PUMP
To Left
Engine
Back to
Right Main
Tank
Right Main
Tank
APU
Negative-G
SOV
APU
Fuel
SOV
LEGEND
Fuel Line
Pressurized Fuel Line
Electrical Signals
Electrical Commands
Electrical Power
DUCT
MON
10TH STAGE
APU LCV
FAIL
OPEN
ISOL
OPEN
L
DUCT
FAIL
CLOSED
R
DUCT
FAIL
CLOSED
BLEED AIR
Panel
From
Left
Motive
Flow
Line
Note: Left motive 1 flow line can be fed by L Eng fuel boost pump, R Eng fuel boost pump, L Eng driven pump
1
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-17
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Controls and Indicators
The APU control panel and the EICAS status page provide the APU controls and
indicators.
The APU control panel has two switch/lights:
• PWR FUEL supplies power to APU fuel pump
• START/STOP to activate the ECU and to start and stop the APU
APU monitoring is provided by two gauges (RPM and EGT) on the EICAS status
page. These indicators are activated when the PWR FUEL switch/light is pressed in
and are removed from the display 60 seconds after selecting the PWR FUEL switch/
light off.
The APU fault panel supplements the EICAS for APU fault indications.
APU Control Panel and EICAS Indications
Figure 5-8
APU
START/ STOP
START
AVAIL
PWR FUEL
PUMP
FAIL
SOV
CLOSED
PWR/FUEL Switch/Light
Push in
Push out
PUMP FAIL Light
Illuminated
SOV CLOSED Light
Illuminated
– Supplies electrical power to
APU fuel pump, opens APU fuel SOV
and negative- illuminates
APU RPM and EGT indicators on EICAS
status page
– Shuts power to APU fuel
pump, APU fuel SOV, negative-G SOV
and ECU
– Indicates low APU fuel
pump pressure with the switch pushed in.
– Indicates APU fuel SOV
and APU negative-G SOV are both
closed with the APU fire/push switch
activated
G SOV. This
START/STOP Switch/Light
Push in
Push out
START Light
Illuminated
AVAIL Light
Illuminated
– Activates ECU,
initiates start sequence of
the APU
– Stops the APU
– Indicates that
the starter is engaged
– Indicates APU
is ready for supplying
electrical and bleed air loads
APU CONTROL PANEL
APU
62 481
RPM EGT
EICAS STATUS PAGE
P604_05_003
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-18 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
APU Fault Indication Panel
Figure 5-9
OVER
SPEED
OVER
CURRENT
EGT
HIGH
PRESS LOW TEMP HIGH
PRESS LOW TEMP HIGH
RESET TEST APU STOP
APU FAULT
OIL
IND BOARD
GEN ADAPTER OIL
IND BOARD
TEST OK
OVER
SPEED
OVER
CURRENT
EGT
HIGH
PRESS. LOW TEMP. HIGH
PRESS. LOW TEMP. HIGH
IND. RESET APU STOP
APU FAULT
OIL
GEN. ADAPTER OIL
P604_05_005
A
E
G
C
H
B
F
D
I
APU EGT HIGH
Indicates APU exhaust gas temperature
exceeded limits. APU shuts down
automatically, followed by EICAS message
of APU OVERTEMP (red) and voice
APU OIL TEMP HIGH message calling out "APU".
Indicates APU high oil temperature. APU
shuts down automatically, followed by
EICAS message of APU OIL TEMP (amber).
GEN ADAPTOR OIL TEMP HIGH
Indicates generator adapter high oil
temperature. APU shuts down automatically,
followed by EICAS message of APU
OIL TEMP (amber).
APU OVER SPEED
Indicates APU overspeed. APU shuts down
automatically, followed by EICAS message
of APU OVERSPEED (red) and voice
message calling out "APU".
APU OIL PRESS LOW
Indicates APU low oil pressure. APU shuts
down automatically, followed by EICAS
message of APU OIL PRESS (amber).
GEN ADAPTOR OIL PRESS LOW
Indicates generator adapter low oil
pressure. APU shuts down automatically,
followed by EICAS message of APU
OIL PRESS (amber).
A
APU STOP Pushbutton
When pressed, stops APU at any time.
IND RESET Pushbutton
When pressed, fault flags are reset by
rotating them out of view or extinguishing
red LED. If condition has not been corrected,
flags stay in view.
OVER CURRENT
Indicates overcurrent at one or more of
the circuits downstream of the ECU-APU
shuts down automatically (no EICAS
message).
TEST Switch
Allows testing the circuitry and the LEDs.
TEST Led
Illuminates green if test is OK.
G
H
I
J
K
B
C
D
E
F
APU FAULT Panel
(Aft L/H Rear Fuselage)
EFFECTIVITY: 5452 – 5990 and Sub
H
E
A
C
G
I
F
D
K
B
J
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
5-19
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
EICAS Synoptic and Status Page Color Coding
Figure 5-10
P604_05_009
Description Symbol Condition
APU Generator
Load Readout
APU RPM Readout
APU EGT Readout
APU Generator
Voltage Readout
APU Generator
Frequency Readout
APU Generator Output
Flow Lines (Upper)
Generator is loaded
Generator is overloaded
Generator is not on-line
Invalid data
Voltage between 100 and 125 VAC
Voltage less than 100 VAC or more than 125 VAC
Invalid data
Frequency between 375 and 425 Hz
Frequency less than 375 Hz or more than 425 Hz
Invalid data
Generator line contactor at generator position
Generator line contactor at tie position
7
36
0
- -
113
94
- - -
401
429
- - -
KVA
KVA
KVA
KVA
V
V
V
HZ
HZ
HZ
0
EGT
0
RPM
481
EGT
Green: 0 to 104%
Amber: 105 to 109%
Red: 110%
Green: 0 to 680°C
Amber: 680 to 974°C
Red: 974°C
Running RPM from start to less than 60%
Green: 0 to 680°C
Amber: 680 to 731°C
Red: 731°C
Running RPM more than 60%
APU
0 0
RPM EGT
APU
100 615
RPM EGT
AUXILIARY POWER UNIT
5-20 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
EICAS Messages
MESSAGE MEANING AURAL WARNING
(IF ANY)
APU FIRE Fire detected in the APU enclosure. FIRE BELL
APU OVERSPEED APU has shut down due to an overspeed condition. “APU”
APU OVERTEMP APU has shut down due to an overtemperature condition. “APU”
APU LCV FAIL APU load control valve has failed in the open position with APU LCV interlock activated.
APU SOV
APU fuel shutoff valve is open with the APU FIRE PUSH switch activated, or the fuel
shutoff valve position does not match the APU PWR FUEL switch position, within 5
seconds.
APU NEG-G SOV
APU negative-G shutoff valve is open with the APU FIRE PUSH switch activated, or the
negative-G shutoff valve position does not match the APU PWR FUEL switch position,
within 5 seconds.
APU OIL PRESS APU oil pressure or APU adapter oil pressure is low and the APU will shut down.
APU OIL TEMP APU oil temperature or APU adapter oil temperature exceeds limits and the APU will
shut down.
APU PUMP APU fuel pump has failed.
APU SOV CLOSED APU fuel shutoff and negative-G shutoff valves have closed after actuation of the APU
FIRE PUSH switch/light.
EICAS Messages
Table 5-2

f214216709

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huaixiangw

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