氢氟酸 Hydrofluoric Acid - HF 特性 Characteristics 健康危害 Health hazards 急救步骤 First aid procedures 个人防护用品 Personal protective equipment 处理与储运 Handling and transportation 医务治理 Medical treatment 医务治理预先安排的必要 Importance of pre-arrangement for medical treatment 急性接触氢氟酸死亡 Fatality on acute HF exposure 衣服没除去 Clothing not removed 沉浸于游泳池 immersed in swimming pool 40分后救护车 40min ambulance arrived 特别护理 intensive care 7天后右腿截去 7 days right leg amputated 15天各种器官失效-死 15 days multi-organ failure - die 针孔接触 PIN-HOLE CONTACT 清洗空罐 washing empty container 针孔手套 pin-hole gloves 第二天烧伤手指 second day burning finger 拔除指甲 remove finger nail 注射药剂 medical injection
性质 Properties 无色/冒烟液体 Colorless/fuming liquid 涩味 acrid odor 酸碱度1.0 (0.1 摩尔 溶解) pH 1.0 (0.1M solution) 不相容的:氨,碱 ,硫酸,有机物,橡胶,皮革,玻璃等incompatible: NH3, NaOH, H2SO4, alkalis, organic, rubber, leather, water, glass….. 避免:湿气 Avoid: moisture 健康危害 Health hazard 危害不立刻显出Harmful not immediately apparent 吸入:严重腐蚀呼吸系统 Inhalation: severely corrosive to respiratory system 皮肤接触:腐蚀性,严重的皮肤烧伤不立刻显出、疼痛, 延迟8小时或更长:很快渗透皮肤-内肤与骨骼 skin contact: corrosive, serious skin burns not immediately apparent/painful, delay 8 hours or longer: F ion readily penetrate skin - deep tissue and bone 健康危害 Health hazard 眼睛接触:腐蚀 Eye contact: corrosive 慢性暴露:>6 毫升/天- 氟蚀病,骨骼/关节伤害 chronic exposure: >6gm/day - fluorosis, bone/joint damage… 吞入:腐蚀消化系统,肾功能失效 ingestion: corrosive digestive tract, kidney dysfunction 恶化现有情况 aggravation existing conditions 急救 First aid 工作前要有详细计划 Detailed planned before work 吸入:立刻寻求医务治疗 inhalation: immediate medical help 吞入: 立刻寻求医务治疗 ingestion: immediate medical help 皮肤:长时间清洗,除去衣服….. 立刻寻求医务治疗 skin: wash long time, remove clothing, …..medical help 眼睛: 长时间清洗 ….. 立刻寻求医务治疗 eye: wash long time …..medical help 预安排医务治疗 Pre-arrange medical help 通知/预先安排可能的事件 Inform/prearrange possible incident 备好药物/设备 ready medicines/facilities 知识/物料安全资料表 information/MSDS 信件通知医生 note to physician 处理和贮藏 Handling and storage 紧密闭PE容器 Tightly closed PE container 凉爽/乾燥地方足够通风 cool/dry place adequate ventilation 避免损害 protect damage 围堵/泄漏 containment/spill 特殊材料 /供应商科技 special materials/technology from supplier 遵守/跟随警告 observe/follow warning
使用安全防护用品 Use PPE 定点/全面通风设备 Local preferred/general ventilation 消除热、火源 remove ignition source 泄漏 - 疏散地区 spill - evacuate area 处理- 干碳酸镁,碳酸钠,石灰 treat - dry MgSO4, soda ash/slaked lime |