RMIT飞行训练课件－Spinning

航空

Spinning

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航空

RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 1
SPINNING
Aim: To understand the principles of spinning, a condition of stalled flight, and how to
recover from a fully - developed spin.
Application: Used whilst conducting aerobatics.
Revision:
 Stalled Aerofoil
 Symptoms
----
Definitions:
 Spin
- A spin is a condition of flight where the aircraft performs a spiral descent.
Occurs because on wing stalls before the other.
Brief 10
RMIT Flight Training Spinning
RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 2
Principles:
A spin occurs as a result of uncoordinated, uncorrected stall. Therefore spinning is
associated with low airspeeds.
If the stalled aircraft yaws, one wing travels faster, creating more lift. This results in a
roll. The falling wing would have an increased AoA, thus becoming more deeply
stalled.
A result of this would be an increase in drag, which causes a yaw in the direction of
the roll. More yaw causes more roll and the aircraft is in motion about all three axes.
The aircraft is: - stalled
- rolling
- yawing
- pitching
- slipping
- rapidly losing altitude at a low airspeed
Brief 10
RMIT Flight Training Spinning
RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 3
Considerations:
 Two Types of Spin
Flat Spin: Steep Spin:
- Higher nose attitude
- Increased drag
- Decreased rotation
- Reduced rate of descent
- Low nose attitude
- Higher rotation
- Increased rate of descent
 Centre of Gravity
- Rearward CoG encourages nose up pitch, giving a flatter spin, and
difficulty in recovering. Forward CoG normally results in a steeper spin.
 Autorotation
- Occurs during the incipient (initial) stage of the spin.
Two main features:
1. Autoroll
- the more deeply the dropping wing stalls, the more the aircraft wants
to roll into the direction of the spin.
2. Autoyaw
- dropping wing will generate more drag, yawing the aircraft into the
spin.
Brief 10
RMIT Flight Training Spinning
RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 4
 Spin v. Spiral Dive (not to be confused!)
Spin associated with
- low IAS (stalled)
- high rotation rate
- low noise level
- possible buffet
Spiral Dive associated with
- high and increasing IAS
- high noise level
Air Exercise:
 Entry
- Pick reference point
- Manoeuvre checks:
Height sufficient to recover by 3000ft.
Hatches/Harnesses secure.
Engine Temperature & Pressure.
Location - not above populated area.
Loose articles secure.
Lookout (360 turn).
- Reduce power to idle (maintain altitude).
- When stall occurs, apply full rudder in desired direction and aft control
column.
 During
- Count three rotations
 Recovery
- Apply full opposite rudder to stop rotation
- Ease control column forward to unstall wings
- Level wings and ease out of dive
- As nose passes horizon, climb away.
Airmanship:
- Lookout
- Pre-manoeuvre checks
- Do not use aileron to pick up wing drop
- Speed and manoeuvre limitations not to be exceeded
- Smooth coordinated use of controls
- Correct handover/ takeover procedure
- UNINTENTIONAL STALL OR SPIN SHOULD NEVER OCCUR!
Brief 10
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