Navigation Evolution Update

航空

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航空

Federal Aviation
Administration Navigation
Evolution Update
Daniel Salvano
Director, Navigation Services
Briefing to the Regional Airline Association (RAA)
November 15, 2006
Federal Aviation 2
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Airport Landing,
Weather, Lighting
Radar
Radar
Air/Ground
Communications
NAVAIDs
Airport
Traffic
Control
Tower
(ATCT)
Systems
Today’s ground based, humancentered
Air Transportation System
has reached its technological and capacity
limits
Federal Aviation 3
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Performance-Based Navigation
• Complete Transition By 2025
• Consistent With ICAO Global Vision
• Operational Capability Based On GPS And Augmentations
• Enhance Safety, Capacity, Efficiency
• Reduce Cost For Legacy Navigation Systems
Streamlined
Departures
Vector-Free
Arrivals All-Weather
Approaches
Efficient, Flexible Routing
Federal Aviation 4
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Operational benefits hierarchy
DME, VOR, ILS, WAAS, GPS, MALSR
Operational
Benefit
Navigation
Services
Navigation
Capability
Navigation
Systems
IMC Operations, Gate Management
Departure, Enroute, Approach, Surface
Category I/II/III, RNAV SIDS, RNAV STARS,
Q Routes
Federal Aviation 5
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
The Why
Acquisition, maintenance and life cycle costs
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
VOR
DME
ILS
new ILS
NDB
Approach Lights
Navaid type
Thousand dollars/navaid
acquistion costs
yearly maintenance
costs
20 year life cycle costs
Federal Aviation 6
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
FAA FY05 Acquisition Costs
ILS
WAAS 25.8%
53.0%
Approach
Lighting
19.3%
VORTAC
1.2%
DME
0.6%
Federal Aviation 7
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
FAA FY05 O&M Costs
Does not include land lease nor telecommunications costs
Approach Lighting
16%
ILS
46%
DME
9%
NDB
4%
VOR
16%
WAAS
9%
Federal Aviation 8
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Cat I ILS Lifecycle Costs (20 yr)
Note: Visibility <3/4 mile, Does not include
airport infrastructure costs
Total $ 2,138,803 $ 4,438,840 $ 6,577,643
DME $ 95,042 $ 640,640 $ 735,682
MALSR $ 971,471 $ 724,760 $ 1,696,231
RVR $ 413,374 $ 1,277,520 $ 1,690,894
ILS $ 658,916 $ 1,795,920 $ 2,454,836
F&E Ops Total
F&E Costs
ILS
31%
RVR
19%
MALSR
46%
DME
4%
20 Year Ops Costs
ILS
41%
RVR
29%
MALSR
16%
DME
14%
Federal Aviation 9
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Cat II ILS Lifecycle Costs (20 yr)
Total $ 4,180,328 $ 5,514,620 $ 9,694,948
DME $ 95,042 $ 640,640 $ 735,682
ALSF-2 $ 2,902,792 $ 2,232,380 $ 5,135,172
RVR $ 466,599 $ 1,087,760 $ 1,554,359
ILS $ 715,895 $ 1,553,840 $ 2,269,735
F&E Ops Total
Note: Visibility <3/4 mile, Does not include
airport infrastructure costs
F&E Costs
ILS
17%
RVR
11%
ALSF-2
70%
DME
2%
20 Year Ops Costs
ILS
28%
RVR
20%
ALSF-2
40%
DME
12%
Federal Aviation 10
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Cat III ILS Lifecycle Costs (20 yr)
Note: Visibility <3/4 mile, Does not include
airport infrastructure costs
Total $ 4,233,554 $ 6,244,200 $ 10,477,754
DME $ 95,042 $ 640,640 $ 735,682
ALSF-2 $ 2,902,792 $ 2,540,920 $ 5,443,712
RVR $ 519,825 $ 1,158,980 $ 1,678,805
ILS $ 715,895 $ 1,903,660 $ 2,619,555
F&E Ops Total
F&E Costs
ILS
17%
RVR
12%
ALSF-2
69%
DME
2%
20 Year Ops Costs
ILS
30%
RVR
19%
ALSF-2
41%
DME
10%
Federal Aviation 11
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Service Affordability
• F&E and operations budget shortfalls
• 15,000 facilities/$389M annual sustainment
cost* -- fluctuates and grows yearly
• Annual earmarks exceed 60% of total GBNA
budget
– Focused on hardware procurement
• No clear service provision relationship in
acquisition
* Source: FY05 Actual Ops
Federal Aviation 12
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
VOR Land Lease Cost
• Average cost = $500/acre
• Costs range from $120K/acre to $0/acre
• FY07 DME Evaluation will investigate
movement of FAA facilities to Government
owned land and existing FAA nonnavigation
sites
Federal Aviation 13
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
This is not a paper study
• 2005 Facilities Divested
– 177 total divested
• ~$2.9M cost avoidance
• 2006 Facilities Divested
– 227 total divested (NDB, VOR, etc)
• ~$1.5M cost avoidance
• 2007
– Goal is to divest a minimum of 100 navaids
Federal Aviation 14
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Instrument Approach Update
• LPV
– Published 351 LPVs in FY06
• Total LPVs to date – 615
– Preliminary plans to publish over 450 LPVs in FY07
• Over 350 of which will be at non-ILS runway ends
• NDB
– Total reduction to date of 401 in FY05
• FY07 …. similar actions
• Source – AVN
Federal Aviation 15
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
The Next Generation Air Transportation System
(NextGen) Plan Defines A System That Can Meet
Demands For The 21st Century
Trajectory-Based Operations
Performance-Based
Operations and Services
Precision Navigation
Weather Integration
Network-Centric
Information Sharing
Surveillance Services
Equivalent Visual Operations
Super Density Operations
Layered, Adaptive Security
Capabilities
Federal Aviation 16
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
RNP/Roadmap
• The RNAV/RNP
roadmap v 2 was
published this year
• We are developing a
navigation roadmap
that enables
implementation of
RNAV, RNP and
NextGen
Federal Aviation 17
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Navigation Evolution Roadmap
• Supports the RNAV/RNP Roadmap
• Informal Outreach since March 2005
– Included RAA, ATA, AOPA, and AVS SME, international …
• Formal Outreach
– PARC
– DOD - PBFA
– AOPA
– ATA
– RTCA
• ATMAC Requirements and Planning Working Group
• Public Outreach Meeting July 25-26, 2006
• Roadmap released to Industry via PARC on Nov. 1st, 2006
• Report target date for signature Dec 2006
Federal Aviation 18
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Financial Plan
2 year window
Business
Plan
3-5 year
window
Navigation
Evolution
Roadmap
Roadmap Layout
2007-2025
Federal Aviation 19
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Navigation Roadmap Assumptions
• The FAA requires an aggressive transition to performance-based service
– Decisions need to be made with the aviation community.
• define standard services provided by FAA
• define public use special services
• define non-public services provided by the airport operator/user
• FAA will provide NAS-wide performance-based service
– RNAV/RNP (primarily GNSS)
– LPV at all runway ends
– LPV-200 where needed
– Determination if CAT II minima is the appropriate requirement at specific airports
– CAT III service requirements become responsibility of the airport operator/user
• A Policy will exist for mitigating a loss of GNSS
– Mitigation strategy supports RNAV/RNP
– FAA will provide Cat I ILS as backup at OEP airports (~55 airports)
• Fleet Equipage
– Today = Mixed Fleet – GNSS, D/D and D/D/I
– Future = Fleet equipped with GNSS
• Decision/specification of “operational” mitigation
• GPS modernization and sustainment is crucial
CAT II/III CAT I or Equivalent
NPA En Route &
Terminal
GNSS
WAAS
ABAS
Galileo GPS (L5)
Galileo GPS (L5) GPS III
GPS III
VOR
GNSS
1a
1 1a
4a
4a
4a
GBAS/GLS
SBAS/LPV
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
VOR 1
DME 2
GBAS/GLS
ILS 4
ILS 3a
3a
PRECISION APPROACH (PA)
3
4
4
3
3 3b
Navigation Roadmap
Federal Aviation 21
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Navigation Roadmap Decisions
• 2007 - VOR decision for drawdown based on GNSS
– 2015 - VOR decision on remaining drawdown
• 2007 - Develop rightsizing DME Requirements, e.g., service volume,
architecture, pathway
• 2008 - Decision on next generation Cat I landing system
– 2012 - Begin ILS Cat I drawdown - limited backup at OEP
airports
– 202X - Decision on CAT I ILS drawdown
• 2008 - Decision on next generation Cat II/III service mandate, pending
feasibility & schedule of potential ABAS/GBAS solutions and risk
mitigation strategies
– 2012 Determination if CAT II minima is the appropriate requirement at specific
airports
1
1a
2
3
4
3a
4a
3b
Federal Aviation 22
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Collaboration is Key
• Direct Interface with Users
– Why? - Consensus Building, Collaboration, Restoring Trust
• Direct Interface with JPDO, NSSO, PBFA, …
– Steering toward the NGATS Vision together
• Direct Input to Enterprise Architecture
– Through Nav Chief, Systems Engineer
– Ensure one FAA message conveyed to industry – building trust
• Direct Interaction across FAA lines of business
– It’s more than ATO
– AVS owns the rules and regulations
• It’s about communication - leading the collaborative evolution
to a global, performance based system
Federal Aviation 23
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Navigation Evolution Customer
Council (NECC)
• Council made up of Government and Industry
members
• Created by Director of Navigation Services to:
– Implement the Nav Evolution Roadmap
– Adjudication Navigation Evolution Roadmap Comments
– Develop updates for future versions of the Roadmap
• Assure viability of the implementation process
– Liaison between policy-makers and the aviation community
• Guarantee concerns are heard and addressed
Federal Aviation 24
Administration
RAA
November 15, 2006
Conclusion
• Importance of Navigation Services role in setting
the stage for performance-based system
– NAV is setting the stage for communications and surveillance
– Work collaboratively to define and achieve NextGen
• Navigation Services is changing
• Collaboration with user community paramount to a
successful transition
• Maximize service delivery, reduce costs and
improve or maintain safety
• Collaboration is paramount