机场植被管理与鸟击灾害防范的研究

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　第6卷　第1期
　2010年2月　
　　　　　　　
中国安全生产科学技术
Journal of Safety Science and Technology
　　　　　　　　
Vol. 6 No. 1
　Feb. 2010
文章编号: 1673 - 193X (2010) - 01 - 0078 - 05
机场植被管理与鸟击灾害防范的研究
3
李晓娟1, 2 ,周材权1 ,景望春1 ,万　强1 ,黄　瑶1 ,方　英1
(1. 西华师范大学生命科学院珍稀动植物研究所,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,南充　637003)
(2. 重庆机场集团有限公司,重庆　401120)
摘　要:鸟击灾害是航空“A”类灾难,机场鸟击灾害的根源在于机场生境对鸟类的吸引,减少机场
生境中吸引鸟类的生态因子是解决机场鸟击威胁的根本方法。本文通过对南充高坪机场植被和
鸟类进行调查,统计分析两者之间的关系,以寻找最适宜的机场植被管理措施。结果显示:植被为
鸟类提供食物和栖息场所,植食性鸟类数量与植被的种类和季节变动规律基本吻合,同时植物的
繁茂滋生大量昆虫,使肉食性鸟类数量增多。对飞行区植被进行处理,设法控制机场内鸟类的食
物来源,对于减少飞行区鸟类的数量非常重要。建议采取的措施有碾压、割草和农药喷洒、挖除高
草丛、使用除草剂、草坪植物种类的调控。
关键词:植被;鸟类;机场;鸟击灾害防范
中图分类号: X43　　　文献标识码:A
A irport vegeta tion managemen t and b irdstr ike d isa sters avo idance
L IXiao2juan1, 2 , ZHOU Cai2quan1 , J INGWang2chun1 , WAN Qiang1 , HUANG Yao1 , FANG Ying1
(1. Institute of Rare Animals & Plants, College of L ife Sciences, ChinaWestNormalUniversity,
Key Laboratory of Southwest ChinaWildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637003, China)
(2. Chongqing Airport Group Co. ,L td. , Chongqing 401120, China)
Abstract:B irdstrike disasters is one of the“A”level aviation disasters. The cause of the airport birdstrike disasters
is the attractants on or near airports to birds, decreaseing the attractants on airports is the key to p revent and control
birdstrike disasters. The vegetation and birdswere investigated in Gaop ingAirport ofNanchong and we conducted a
correlation analysis between them, then find the op timum vegetation administration measures of the flight area in
this paper. The results indicated that the vegetation p rovided food and habitation for the birds and grassland fauna.
The relationship between the number and type of the herbivorous birds and the vegetation is quite close. The luxuri2
ant p lantwas easy to multip ly massive insects and attract rap tors. Dealing with the airportps vegetation in order to
control the food origin of the birds in the airport is quite important for reducing the number of the birds. The meas2
ures include rolling, trimming lawn and using pesticide, digging out the high thick patch of grass, using the weed
killer and controlling the variety of the lawn p lant.
Key words: vegetation; birds; airport; birdstrike disasters avoidance
　收稿日期: 2010201205
　作者简介:李晓娟,硕士。
3 基金项目:四川省重点学科资助项目(编号: SZD0420) ;
国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号: 30770256)
1 　引言
鸟击( birdstrike)是指飞机在起飞、飞行或降落
过程中被鸟类撞击而发生的飞行安全事故或事故征