帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:03:05

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">141</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Pillow<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">枕头</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pillow</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">起源于拉丁语。原写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pulvinus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“垫子”,进入英语后写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pylu</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,后又变为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pillow</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。这种拼法的变化是简直想象不到的。但词义的变化并不大。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">142</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Blanket<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">毯子</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">hlanket</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词来自古法语</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">blanquette</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,是在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">blane</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(白色的)一词的基础上构成的词,最初指的是作衣服用的“白色毛布”,直到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">14</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">世纪中期才用来专指“毯子”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">143</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Carpet<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">毯</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">看一看</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">carpet</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(地毯)、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">scarce</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(稀少)和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">excerpt</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(节选)这三个词,你也许想象不到它们竟同出一源,都是从拉丁动词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">carpo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(摘、拔)派生来的。这三个看起来风马牛不相及的词却由“摘”、“拔”,即</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">carpo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,这条线给穿了起来。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">据说最早的地毯是用拆散的毛线制成的毛布,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">carpo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">在这里就是“摘毛线头儿”或“梳理毛线”,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">carpet</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就是由此而来的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">scarce</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">来自法语词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">escars</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(稀少的),来源于拉丁词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">excarpsus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ex</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">out</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">carpo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pluck</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”;合起来的意思是“拔掉”。比如,当人们从兔子的身上把毛拔下时,兔子身上的毛就变得稀少了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">excerpt</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">来源于拉丁词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">excerptus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ex</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">out</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cerptus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pluck</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”;合起来即“从文中摘出”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">144</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Damask<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">锦缎</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>damask</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">是一种质地柔软的锦缎,是以叙利亚的首都大马士革</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(Damascus)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">命名的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">另外,是一种粉红色的玫瑰叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">damask rose</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(大马士革蔷薇),也是从这个城市的名字来的。由此又有了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">damask cheeks</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(粉腮)的说法。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">145</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cambric<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">麻纱</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>cambric</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">最初指的是一种织得很薄、很密的白色亚麻布,因经法国斯凯尔特河的港市</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cambrai</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(康布雷)出口而得名。然而这种布因大量生产销售,后来就出现了以棉代麻、粗纺细织、以假充真的情况,改变了“麻纱”的性质。“假作真,真亦假”,正宗的麻纱反而少见。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cambric</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">倒成了这种假麻沙或仿麻纱的代名词。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">146</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cardigan<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">羊毛衫</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>cardigan</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">是用精纺毛线编织的男、女长袖无领短上衣或背心、开襟,系扣或系带子。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>Cardigan</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(卡迪根),大写时指英国威尔士西部的一个郡名。小写指“羊毛衫”或“羊毛背心”。是从该郡第七位伯爵</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">JAMES Thomas Brudenell</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">源起的。这位性情暴戾、傲慢专横的伯爵在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1853</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">—</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1856</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年英、法等国对沙俄的克里米亚战争中曾率兵打过著名的冲锋。他本人爱穿并极力推广这种羊毛衫,于是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cardigan</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">便成了这种羊毛衫的代名词。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:03:23

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">147</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cashmere<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">开士米</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>cashmere</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,音译作“开士米”或“开司米”,原指克什米尔(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Kashmir</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">在阿富汗及西藏之间)地方所产的山羊绒毛。这种山羊绒毛,纤维极细而轻软,是高级的毛纺原料。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cashmere</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就是从地名</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Kashmir</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">变来的。现在这上词多指用这种山羊绒毛制成的毛线或织品。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">148</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">mackintosh<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">雨衣</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">最早的西班牙探险家们常常为雨打鞋湿、行动不便而苦恼。他们终于找到一种简便可行的方法,将土著印第安人防潮用的乳状物质,即橡胶,涂在鞋子上,雨水便湿不透鞋子,在防水的问题迈出了可喜的一步。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>1770</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年,英国化学家</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Joseph Priestley</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1733</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">—</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1804</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)无意中发现这种白色的树胶的凝块可以“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">rub out”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(擦去)铅笔的痕迹,于是他就给它取名叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">rubber</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(橡皮、橡胶)。直到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1823</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年,苏格兰化学家</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Charles Macintosh</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1766</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">—</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1848</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)在苏格兰首府格拉斯哥开设了一座工厂,用这种生产真正的防水用品。他是将两层涂了这种印第安橡胶的布料粘合在一起,制成胶布,效果特别</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">好,于是行销全球,各地人都争用这种胶布制作雨衣。为了纪念这位发明家,人们便把这种雨衣称作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">mackintosh</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个词现在还简写为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">mac</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">149</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Umbreila<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">伞</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个词原在拉丁语中写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">umbra</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“荫凉”,这个词进入意大利语写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ombra</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思未变。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Umbrella</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就是从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ombra</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">发展的,意思是“小荫凉”,因为阳伞就是为了制造一个“小荫凉”。不过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">umbrella</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">后来的主要用途不是遮阳,而是遮雨。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">150</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Canopy<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">天蓬</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">古代帝王把华丽的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">canopy</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(天蓬)装置在御床顶部以象征权贵,也是一种美的标志。不过,古希腊人档不这么高看</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">canopy</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,甚至对它十分反感,因为这个词在古希腊语中写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">konops</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“蚊虫”。为了避免蚊虫叮咬,希腊人就睡在带有防虫帘布的埃及式床内,并把这种床叫作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">konopein canopy</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就是从这个词经拉丁语演变来的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">151</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Bedstead<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">床架</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">起初,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bedstead</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">并不指“床”本身,而是指床所占据的位置,其中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">stead</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,在古英语中写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">stede</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“站立的位置”。其实今天的常用词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">instead</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,也仍未摆脱“取代其位置”的含义。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">153</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Mirror <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">镜子</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>mirror</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词来源于拉丁词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">miror</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“羡慕”、“赞美”。镜子不就是制作来让人们进行自我欣赏的吗?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">出于同一词源的还有一个词:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">miracle</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(奇迹),“奇迹”正是令人“赞叹”的奇异的事情。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:03:40

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">154</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Bead<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">饰珠</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">如今姑娘脖子上戴的“珠子项链”,过去是祈祷时用的“念珠”、“佛珠”,古英语写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bede</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“祈祷”。超初,“作一次祈祷”叫“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">to bid a bead</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”,人们为了便于记住祈祷的遍数,就将玻璃或宝石等制成珠子,用细绳子串起来,祈祷时就用这些珠子计算、记忆祈祷的遍数。由于珠子是用宝石等材料制作的,自然就有了装饰的价值。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">155</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Shampoo<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">洗发剂</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">在当今中国,尽人皆知,“香波”乃新型洗发剂。电视广告中一位位靓俏女郎的披肩长发秀美飘逸,据说是用了某某厂家的“香波”。然而你若考察一番此词的来历,便会失望地发现,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">shampoo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的本义既无香可言,也无波可扬。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">Shampoo</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词是从印地语来,原义为“按摩、推拿”,用于洗发时则提示你洗</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">发的正确方法应是:用手轻轻揉搓,同时对头皮进行按摩。此举极合保健科学,又能予人以美好享受,难怪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">世纪英国殖民者入侵印度之时,并将其输入英语,除临其地,却也折服土人这一洗发高招儿,并将其输入英语,除作动词“推拿、按摩洗头”外,又加进了“用洗发剂洗头”之义,继而转指“洗发剂”,如特制的皂类,水剂、粉剂等。至于把</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">shampoo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">理解成唯液体的“香波”莫属,实在是一种误会。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">156</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Plate<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">盘子</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>plate</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">来自希腊的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">platys</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">和拉丁语的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">platus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,这两个词的意思都是“平面的”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Plate</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(盘子)正是一种平而浅的器皿。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>Platter</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">是一种“大浅盘”,也起源于这两个词。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">157</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Fork<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">叉子</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN>fork</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个词,在古英语中写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">forca</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,指的是叉干草等用的长柄叉。在餐桌上用的叉子据说是一位名叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Thomas Coryate</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的人在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1601</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年意大利带到英国来的,他在意大利见别人在餐桌上用过这种叉子。英国人嘲笑他,说他出洋相,剧作家们还在他们的喜剧中送了他个绰号:“带叉子的施行家”。有一点可以完全肯定,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">17</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">世纪这种餐叉的出现为改善饭食习惯、改变在餐桌上抓取食物的不卫生的方式向前迈出了可喜可贺的一步,因为在那以前用脏手抓取食物是很普遍的现象。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">158</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Spoon<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">勺子</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>spoon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词来源于古英语词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">spon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“木片”、“木条”,以后又用来指家中用具。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">最早的吃饭用的勺子是用木头或动物的角制成的,后来用铁、铜、锒、稀有金属等制作。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">世纪前后,勺子是餐桌上唯一的餐具。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">英国过去有一种习惯,相爱的双方要互赠刻有或雕有自己手形的精美图案的勺子,以表示真诚。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">另外,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">spoon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词还可以作动词用,意思是“作出在恋爱中的行为”、“谈情说爱”。有人认为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">spoon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">之所以有这层意思,是因为相爱的人就象碗厨里的两把勺子一样,是亲密无间的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:03:55

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" align=left><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">159</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Knife<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">刀子</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">也许你会问,为什么用餐刀子是圆头的呢?这要归功于法国政治家及红衣主教黎希留(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Richelieu</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1585-1642</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)。过去的餐用刀子都是尖头的。有一次宴会上,黎希留看见他的一位客人拿刀尖儿剔牙,他大为恼火,觉得伤了他的大雅,于是第二天就命令管家把所有的刀尖儿都给锉圆了。到了大约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1700</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年时,这种圆头儿的刀子开始普遍受到人们的欢迎,直到今天。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Knife</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词在古英语中写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cnif</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">160</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Napkin<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">餐巾</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">现在宴会上用的纸作的小餐巾,英语叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">napkin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,过去曾一度是大块方形的亚麻织品。这种大型餐巾,在银制餐具出现以后相当长一段时间仍还被当作是一种“优美”、“雅致”、“富贵”的象征,甚至到了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">19</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">90</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年代,它仍然是高级宴会的一个重要组成部分。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">“桌布”,现代英语叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">tablecloth</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,过去却叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">napery</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,是从古法语词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">nape</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">来的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Napkin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">从字面上讲,就是“小桌布”的意思。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Nape</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">还派生出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">naperon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(围裙)。这个词被借入中古英语。“一条围裙”,起初写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">a naperon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,但由于印刷错误,误将和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">n</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">排在一起,成了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">an aperon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">aperon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">后又简称</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">apron</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,以致以讹传讹,成了今天的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">an apron</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">上面的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">nape</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">napery</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">naperon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">napkin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">等词都来自拉丁词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">mappa</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“布”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">161</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Purse<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">钱包</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个词来源于希腊词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">byrsa</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“皮”、“革”,因为这些钱包往往是用皮革制作的。我国也有把“钱包”叫作“皮包”、“皮夹”的,大概也是出于同样的原因吧。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Byrsa</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词进入法语后,变为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bourse</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“钱包”或“钱包里拭目以待钱”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Bourse</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">在写时指世界闻名的“巴黎证券交易所”。英语吸收了这个词,把它变作了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">purse</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,泛指“钱包”,常指西方摩登女郎用来装零钱、钥匙、粉盒、小镜子等物品的小手提包。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">162</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Doll<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">玩具娃娃</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">小女孩喜欢玩的玩具娃娃,英语里叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">doll</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,是从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Dorothy</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个女子名简化来的,是其昵称,起初指“情人”或“心上人”,继而指“好看然而没有头脑的女子”,现在又用来指“玩具娃娃”。不过,今天偶尔也用它指“美貌的姑娘”:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Isn’t she a cute dool</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">!(她长得真美!)</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:04:13

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">163</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Porcelain<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">瓷器</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个词来源于意大利语的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">porcellana</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,原指一种贝壳,这种贝壳的外表有着瓷器一样明亮的光泽,因此这个词就转指“瓷器”了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">164</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Jade<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">玉</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">据说</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">jade</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这种玉石能治肚子痛。西班牙探险家们深信这一点,他们从美洲把这种珍贵的宝石带回他们的国家,并用西班牙语给它取了名字:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">piedra de ijada</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“治肚痛的石头”。古法语吸收了这个词,变为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">l’ejade</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">;进入英语后写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">jade</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">165</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Coal<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">煤</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">coal</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">在古英语中写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">col</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“一块燃烧着的没有火焰的炭”。而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">charcoal</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(木炭)则是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">charred coal</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,即“烧制的炭”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">166</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Pakace<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">宫殿</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">古罗马七丘之一巴勒登丘(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Palatine</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)起初是罗马古城的主要部分。后来,随着城市的发展,巴勒登就成了达官贵人、时髦的上流阶层的聚居区。古罗马政治家西塞罗(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cicero</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,公元前</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">106-43</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)和阴谋家加蒂兰(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Catiline</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,公元前</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">108-62</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)的府第就在这里。整个巴勒登丘的山坡上,有钱人家的房舍鳞次栉比。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">到了尼禄(罗马暴君,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Nero</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,公元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">37-68</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年,在位期间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">54-68</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年)当朝时,他想独霸巴勒登山丘,就下令将住房夷为平地。他的建筑师为他精心设计了一套住所,取名叫“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">palatium</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”,字面意思是“在巴勒登丘之上”,是那里的第一座宫殿。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">法兰西国王参照</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">palatium</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个词,把自己住的宫殿叫作“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">palais</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”。这个词进入英语后,起初写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">paleys</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,后来演变成今天的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">palace</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">167</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Pavilion<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">亭子</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pavilion</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">原指尖顶大帐蓬,下面供游艺或跳舞用。刮起风时,帐蓬随风起舞,活象一只庞大的蝴蝶。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Pavilion</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词就是从拉丁语词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">papilio</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(蝴蝶)变化来的。而公园里的小巧玲珑的亭子不是很象一个尖顶帐蓬吗?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">168</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Mansion<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">官邸、大厦</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">mansion</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">指的可不是一般住房,而是相当豪华的官邸宅第,或高楼大厦,因此有人在译曹雪芹的名著《红楼梦》时,就用的是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">mansion</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">来译书名的这个“楼”字(“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Dream of the Red Mansions</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">不过,这个词的祖先可没有这么荣华富贵,它只不过是普通的住处而已。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Mansion</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">是从拉丁语的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">manere</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(居住)派生来的,最早出现在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">世纪的拉丁语里,当时的意思是“房舍”、“住所”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:04:28

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">169</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Temple<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">寺庙</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">temple</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">起初的的确是一种“空中楼阁”。古代罗马占卜都伸出双手,在天空中划出一个区域,称之为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">templum</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,声言这是一个神圣的区域,然后他煞有介事地凝望着这片天空,根据天空中的风云变幻的各种征象予卜未来。占卜者也常用同样的方法在地面上划出这样的区域,也称之为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">templum</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。后来又指在地面上这些“神圣的区域内建筑的房舍、殿堂、院落”;拼法也渐渐变为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">temple</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">170</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Orchard<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">果园</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">几百年前,这个词拼作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ortgeard</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ort</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">来自拉丁词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">hortus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">garden</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(花园)”;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">geard</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">yard</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”,是古英语的写法;合起来则是“花园庭院”的意思。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">171</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Kitchen<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">厨房</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">kitchen</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词,来源于拉丁词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">coquo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cook</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(厨师)”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Coquo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">派生为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">coquina</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cocina</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cucina</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,古英语中变化为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cycene</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,到了中古英语时期,又变作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">kitchene</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。这些词看起来似乎很复杂。实际上却又很合逻辑。厨房就是厨师工作的地方,从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cook</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">citchen</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就是自然而然的了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">同出于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">coquo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一源的还有:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">biscuit</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(饼干),这是个法语词;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bis</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">twice</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cuit</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cooked</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”;意思是说饼干是两次烤成的。这同德语词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Zweiback</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(饼干)是很相似的,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Zwei</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">twice</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">back</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bake</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(烘烤)”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cake</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(糕点)一词也来源于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">coquo</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,只是渠道不同罢了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">172</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Closet<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">厕所</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">closet</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,又作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">water closet</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,缩写为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">W.C.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意为“厕所”或“盥洗室”,又指“壁橱”、“小室”。这个词来源于拉丁词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">clausum</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">closed place</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(关闭的地方)”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Closet</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">愿意为“私室”,如国王的“议事室”、“密室”等。至今仍有“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">to be closeted with sb.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”的说法,意思是“与某人在密室中商谈”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">“厕所”、“盥洗室”在某种意义上讲也是一个秘密的、不公开的场所。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">173</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Drawing-room<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">休息室、客厅</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">在过去,吃完饭以后,男人们仍将继续喝酒、吸烟、交谈,女人们则退到“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">withdrawing room</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”中去休息。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Withdrawing-room</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就是“退避的房间”,这个叫法直到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">16</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">17</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">世纪还很盛行。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Drawing-room</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">其实是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">withdrawing-room</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的简写。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">174</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Parlor<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">会客室</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个词过去只是指“谈话的房间”。它是从法语词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">parler</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(谈话)派生来的。在中世纪拉丁语中,这样的房间叫作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">parla toriums</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,指的是寺院里的僧人在长时间的参禅打坐后同来访者交谈或僧人相互交谈的专用房间。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Parlor</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">现在除作“客厅”、“会客室”外,还可作“起居室”解。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:04:47

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">175</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Dining-room<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">餐室</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">dine</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词是由法语词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">diner</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">而来的,起源于拉丁词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">disjejuno</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">dis</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“不”的意思;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">jejuno</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,“斋戒”;合起来是“不戒斋”、“解除斋戒”的意思。因此</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">dining-roon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就是“开斋、吃饭的地方”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">176</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Theater<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">剧院</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个词最初来自希腊语的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">thea</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“看”;以后变作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">theaomai</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“观看”;进而变成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">theatron</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“观看(节目)的地方”。进入拉丁语后变为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">theatrum</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">;进入中古英语后变成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">theatre</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。现在,美国英语中写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">theater</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">;英国英语仍保留着</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">theatre</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的写法。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">177</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Belfry<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">钟楼</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">belfry</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">现在常用来指教学尖塔顶上的钟及敲钟装置。其实这个词起初与“钟”毫不相干,倒是与“战争”有密切的关系。这个词最早在英语中写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">berfrey</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,指的是被围困军队自我防御用的“窝棚”。后来,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">berfrey</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">变成了一种可移动的塔型结构,从里面可以向敌人开火,从塔顶还可以观察敌人的动静,是一种可移动的了望塔。继而指防护了望人员的塔形建筑。由于了望塔必不可少的是报警用的大钟,即</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bell</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,于是又混生出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">belfry</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词,用以指“警钟”,由此又延伸指教堂等建筑物的“钟楼”、“钟塔”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">178</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Boudoir<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">闺房</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">boudoir</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">[’bu:dwa:]</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,是一个法语外来词。现在的“闺房”常指女子独处的内室或女子会见密友的房间。但在中世纪时,年轻女人生气时就躲藏到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">boudoir</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">里去。这个词来自法语动词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bouder</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意即“生气”、“不高兴”,因此,英语的“闺房”原来不过是女人生气时借以回避别人的房间而已。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">179</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Chapel<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">小教堂</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">四世纪时,法兰西的都尔市(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Tours</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)里住着一位名叫圣·马丁的圣徒。他死后,他的披肩(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cappella</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)被法兰克的国王们作为圣物世代相传,安放圣物的殿堂也用“披肩”来命名,叫作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chapele</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,进入英语后写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chapel</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。与这个词有相同血缘关系的是“圣物保护人”,拉丁语写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cappelanus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,进入法语后写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chapelain</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,进入英语后写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chaplain</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,现在指学校、医院、军队、监狱等的“牧师”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">180</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cathedral<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">大教堂</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">人们很难想象,一个教区的“总教堂”(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cathedral</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)和单匹马位的旧式“轻便马车”(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">shay</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)竟然是一母同胞的亲兄弟。他们都是从希腊语</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">kathedra</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(座位)来的,分两路进入英语。一路经拉丁语进入英语后写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cathedra</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,最初专指主教的“宝座”。由于主教的“宝座”通常设在教区中最主要的教堂里,于是这样的教学就被人们叫作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cathedral</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">另一路经拉丁语进入古法语,写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chaiere</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,现代法语又写成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chaire</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“讲坛”或“专业人员的座椅”。继而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chaire</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">又衍生出另一个词</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chaise</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思仍指“椅子”,进而又指“马车”。过去的英国人误认为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chaise</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">是“马车”的复数形式,就想当然地创造了它的单数形式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">shay</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:05:03

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">181</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cabinet<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">密室,内阁</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cabinet</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">原指私人收藏标本用的橱柜和小房间,是从意大利语</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">gabinetto</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">来的,原义为“小笼”、“小筐”,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">gabinetto</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">又来自拉丁语的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cavea</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,指的是“关放野生动物的场地”。现在博物馆的小陈列室或陈列柜英语仍叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cabinet</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,博物馆的动物陈列室或陈列柜里仍然有许许多多野生动物,不过它们都已被制成了标本。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">由于这种动物陈列室起初是私人经办的,因此,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cabinet</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词又转指“私人小房间”、“密室”,现在又用来指“内阁”,甚至指“全体阁员”。人们很难想象,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">cabinet</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(内阁)高行政机关追到底却是关放野兽的地方。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">182</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Attic<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">顶楼</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">attic</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">现指屋顶下的“小阁楼”,往往被人们弃之不用,或用来存放物品、养鸽子等。然而在古代,这可是最迷人的住处。这是个古希腊词,原义是“雅典的”、“具有雅典风格的”,而雅典的建筑以其对称、大方、古雅、精美闻名于世。因此,古时的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">attic</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">该是非常雅致的房间。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">世纪的英国建筑,多采取古雅典式,顶楼精美,饰有半露的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">183</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Barn<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">谷仓</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">barn</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">指“农村存放谷物用的仓库”,美国还常指“牲口棚”。这个仅有四个字母的词在古英语中则写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bereoern</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bere</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">意思是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">barely</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(大麦),</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">oern</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">place</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(地方),因此,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">barn</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">原来的字面含义是“存放大麦的地方”或“大麦仓”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">184</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Bank<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">银行</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bank</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这个词来自古意大利语</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">banca</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,意思是“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bench</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”。谁会想到“银行”和“长凳”竟然有直接的亲缘关系呢?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">据记载,最初的埃及银行家们,甚至最早的英国货币兑换商们,都是从在长凳上展开交易的。这种长凳通常放在寺庙的院落里。耶稣就是从这种寺庙的长凳上(或曰“货币兑换场”上)将货币兑换商们驱赶走的。于是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">banca</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,即“长凳”就成了“货币交易所”的代名词,后来演变成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bank</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,也就是今天的“银行”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">185</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">The White House<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">白宫</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">“白宫”是美国首都华盛顿的总统府和政府的行政机关所在地。但“白宫”的名字是怎么来的呢?这要追溯到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1812</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年。当时英国正同美国交战,英军占领了华盛顿,放火烧掉了一些房子,其中包括美国国会大厦和总统府。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1814</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年,为了掩盖火烧留下的耻辱的痕迹,总统府的褐色石墙被涂成了白色。从此,“白宫”(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">the White House</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)就叫了起来。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">186</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Big Ben<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">伦敦英国议院塔上的大钟</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">这是一座举世闻名的大钟。通过英国广播公司(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">BBC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">),全世界的人们都可以听到它的钟声。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1834</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年,原来的英国议会大厦被烧毁。在修建新议院时由本杰明·霍尔爵士(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Sir benjamin Hall</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)负责建造了这座大钟。这座大钟于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1859</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">日上午</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">时安装完毕。它有四个钟面,每面直径达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">英尺,分针长</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">14</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">英尺。这些铜制的空心指针每件重达二百磅。钟的声音来自一口巨钟。这口巨钟高七英尺半,悬挂在一根粗钢梁上,自</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1923</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年起,英国广播公司每天</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">81</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">次向世界各地播放它的报时钟声。别看它大,可它并不笨,走起来极其准确。因此,有人将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Big Ben</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">译作“大笨钟”是既不雅,也不妥的。格林威治天文台的工作人员们每天替这个钟校对两次时间。大钟极少报错时间。可是有一次它报时不准,那是因为一个在钟楼上工作的油漆工把一桶油漆挂在了它的指针上,使它慢了下来。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1993</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">月曾报道停摆。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Big Ben</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的名称是从负责建造这座大钟的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Sir Benjamin Hall</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的名字来的,是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Big Benjamin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的昵称。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:05:18

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">187</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Mausoleum<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">陵墓</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">公元前</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">353</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年,爱琴海附近的一个古国</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Caria</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的国王</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Mausolus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">驾崩,王后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Artemisia</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">悲痛欲绝,将国王的骨灰用水搅拌,一饮而尽。为了让国王永远活在她心中,她在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Halicarnassus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">城中兴建了一座宏伟壮观的陵墓。后来希腊人便用国王的名字称这座陵墓为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">mausoleion</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。罗马人借用了这个词,改写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">mausoleum</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。英国人照搬了罗马人的写法,用来泛指宏伟庞大的陵墓。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">现在这个词还可用来指“大而阴森的房屋”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">188</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Sphinx<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">斯芬克斯(狮身人面像)</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">sphinx</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">是希腊神话中的一个女怪,她有美女的头和胸,狮子的身躯,鹏鸟的羽翅,毒蛇的尾巴,她蹲在忒拜(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Thebes</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)的一座悬崖上,用智慧女神缪斯教她的怪谜询问过往的行人:早晨用四只脚走路,中午用两只脚走路,晚上用三只脚走路,答不上来的人便被她吃掉。后来,著名的俄狄浦斯(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Oedipus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)猜出了这个谜:人。斯芬克斯恼羞成怒,从悬崖上跳下摔死了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">埃及吉萨(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ghizeh</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">)的金字塔附近有一尊</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">sphinx</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的巨大石像,据今已有近六千年的历史(有说四千五百年或四千八百年的历史)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">从上面的神话故事里,人们不难理解</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">sphinx</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">还可作“谜一样的人物”解。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">189</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Window<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">窗子</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">window</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词来源于古代斯堪的纳维亚语的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">vindauge</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">vindr</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">wind</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">auga</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">eye</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”。最早的窗子是在墙上开的一条又长又窄的缝隙,长是为多进光线,窄是为了抗御坏天气。然而这种长形的“窗子”与其说便于进光线,倒不如说便于进风,完全成了一个进风口。于是人们就管它叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">vindauge</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,即</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">windeye</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(风洞)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">190</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Shangri-la<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">香格里拉</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Shangri-la</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">或写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Shangri-La</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1933</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年英国作家</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">James Hilton</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的小说</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Lost Horizon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(《失去的地平线》)中虚构的喜马拉雅山山谷的名字,那是一处乌托邦式的洞天福地,终年春光明媚,和平宁静,富足美好,是人间理想的乐园,堪称世外桃园。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">第二次世界大战期间,美国总统罗斯福命令建立一处专事轰炸日本东京的秘密空军基地,偏偏以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Shangri-La</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">命名,可谓大煞风景。好在这个词如今又恢复了她的魅力,试问,谁人不知遍布全球的香格里拉豪华饭店?何人不想置身其中,一享当年令希尔顿心旷神怡的欲仙之乐?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

帅哥 发表于 2009-1-2 17:05:35

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">191</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Derrick<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">起重机</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">英语的“起重机”叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">derrick-crane</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,简称</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">derrick</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">或</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">crane</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Derrick</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">原指船上的动臂起重机,或叫“起货桅”;后来也指油井或天然气井井口上的铁架塔。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Derrick</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">同“绞刑架”有密切的关系,是从一个人的名字来的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">17</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">世纪初,伦敦死刑场内有一个名叫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Derrick</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的刽子手,很善于行刑,使死刑犯人减少痛苦的时间。后来,伦敦人把死囚赴刑场说成是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">to see Derrick</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。渐渐地</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">derrick</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就成了“编印刑架”的代名词。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">起货桅远远看去很象绞刑架,吊起的货物又有点象吊起的死囚,于是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">derrick</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就用来泛指起重机了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">192</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Asbestos<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">石棉</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">古希腊和古罗马人用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">asbestos</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(石棉)制作餐巾,脏了不洗,直接扔进火里,再拿出时,餐巾又变得洁白无瑕。他们还用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">asbestos</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">作灯芯,这种耐火的灯芯永远也点不完,罗马皇帝兴建的雅典娜神殿里的长明灯就是用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">asbestos</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">制作的灯芯。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Asbestos</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,在希腊语中原写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">amiantos lithos</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,(纯洁之石),意思是“弄不脏的石头”。后来,罗马自然学家</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Pliny</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">把它命名为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">asbestos</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">a</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">not</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">sbestos</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">是“可熄灭的”,合起来指这种石头是“不可熄灭的”、“烧不完的”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">193</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Road<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">路</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">road</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词在英语里泛指“路”时,相当于汉语里的“马路”。“马路”可以指供车马行走的道路,也可以指一般的路。而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">road</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">的祖先恰好也同“马”有关。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Road</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">在古英语中写作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">rad</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">,是从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ridan</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">(即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ride</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”,骑马)一词演变来的,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">rad</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">就是“供骑马行走的路”,也就是“马路”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">尽管中国的“马路”上并不一定有马,英国的“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">road</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”上也不一定有骑马的人,然而我们都这样习惯的叫下去。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">194</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">、</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Boulevard<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">林荫大道</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">boulevard</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">一词是丹麦语的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bulvaerk</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">经过法语演变来的,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">bul</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“树干”,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">vaerk</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">即“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">work</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”,合起来是“树干筑成的工事”,也就是“壁垒”、“防御工事”,因为过去的这些防御工事大都是用“树干”建造的。当这些工事不再使用时,工事的顶部就用来作为人们散步的场所。或者有的地方就把工事推倒,在原来的地方修建一条宽阔的大道。这种大道,法国人仍袭用了丹麦人的叫法,只是在拼法上略加改变,叫做</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">boulevard</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">。后来,这个词便用来泛指宽阔的街道,通常两边有树。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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