飞行术语1
（Engine）High Stage （发动机）高压级（QRH）（Safety belts and shoulder belts）Fastened (安全带/肩带)锁定
（Switch）Guarded (电门)保险
（Wiper）Park (风挡雨刷)止动
（英文）%N1 N1%
Active 有效
Actual Navigation Performance（ANP）参见RNP 实际导航性能
ADF 自动定向仪（可直接引用，但说明性的语言中需中文全称）
ADF approach NDB 进近
ADI/HSI 姿态指示器/水平状态指示器（不可直接引用）
Air Conditioning Set 空调调定
Air Systems 气源系统
Airspeed Bug Set 空速游标调定
Ajustment 修正值，而非“修正量”
Alert 警戒
Alone Track/Cross Track 沿航迹/水平航迹
Alpha vanes 迎角探测器
Altitude Acquire 高度获得
Altitude Capture 高度截获
Annunciator 显示牌
Anti-skid 防滞刹车
APU 辅助动力装置（可直接引用，但说明性的语言中需中文全称）
APU Electrical Load APU电气负载
APU generator control breaker APU发电机控制断路器
Arcing （风挡）电蚀
Arrival Procedure 进场程序
As required,as desired 按需
Asymmetry/Disagreement 不对称/不一致
ATA/RTA/ETA 实际到达时间/所需到达时间/预计到达时间
ATC 空中交通管制（可直接引用，但说明性的语言中需中文全称）
Aural Warning 声响警告
Auto Throttle 自动油门
Automatic Generator On-Line Feature 发电机自动接通功能
Auto-Restow Circuit 自动回收电路
Balance Tab 配平（片）
Bank Angle Selector 坡度选择电门
Bleed Trip Off 引气跳开
Blowout Panel （驾驶舱）应急板
Bug/Cursor 指令游标/游标
Bus tie breaker 汇流条连接断路器
Bus Tie Breaker (Btb) 汇流条连接跳开关
Button 电门/按钮
Cabin Altitude 机舱高度
Call for checklist 下达检查单指令，而非“口令”
Call Out 喊话/报告
Callout(s) 喊话（程序）
CDS (Common Display System) 共用显示系统
Certified ceiling 飞行升限
Chime 谐音
Compact Mode 密集方式
Confidence Test 可靠性测试
Configuration 形态/布局
Control Column 驾驶杆
Control Wheel 驾驶盘
Controls And Indicators 控制和指示（标题）
Cross Bleed Start 交输引气起动
Cross Bus Tie Relay 汇流条连接继电器
Cross-Track Deviation 水平航迹偏离
CWS 驾驶盘操纵（不可直接引用）
Data link 数据链
DC Meters Selector 直流表选择电门/直流电源指示器选择电门（-700）
Default 默认值
Degraded N1 Limit 减功率N1限制
Departure Procedure 离场程序
Description 说明
Detent 卡位
Diffuser 扩散口
DME 测距机（可直接写英文，但说明性的语言中需中文全称）
Downlink 下行（数据链）
Downpath 下游航径
Drip stick “滴漏式”油尺
EEC 发动机电子控制
EICAS 电子指示和机组警戒系统（不可直接引用）
Electrical hydraulic pump 液压电动泵
Electrical Power 电源
Electrical Systems 电气系统
ELT 紧急定位发射器
Engine fire warning switch 发动机火警电门
EPR 保留英文，不必译出
Exterior Door 外部舱门
F/O Sliding Window 副驾驶活动风挡
Failure 失效
Failure Flag 故障旗/故障显示
Fasten seat belts./No smoking. 系好安全带。/禁止吸烟。
Fasten seatbelt 系紧安全带
FF/ENG 燃油流量/发（一台）
Fire 火警
Flap Gate 襟翼手柄卡口
Flaps Up Speed 光洁速度
Flap-up maneuvering speed 光洁状态机动速度
Flight Crew/Cabin Crew/Crew 飞行组/乘务组/机组（总称）
Flight Director 飞行指引
Flight patterns 起飞着陆结构剖面
Float stick “浮子式”油尺
FMC/CDU 飞行管理计算机/控制显示组件（QRH中可不译，OM中需写中文全称）
Foot level grill 地板格栅
Fuel rose navigation mode 全导航方式
Fueling station 加油台
Full rose navigation mode 全导航方式
General(Information) 概述
Governed speed 额定速度
Halon (BCF) Fire Extinguisher 海伦（BCF）灭火瓶
Hatch 舱盖
Horizon 水平线，而非“地平线”
Horn 喇叭
However, 但
ILS 仪表着陆系统(不要译成“盲降”) （可直接写英文，但说明性的语言中需中文全称）
Impact Fittings 保护件
Indication 指示
Indicator 指示器
Inner/Outer Knob 内/外旋钮
Inoperative 不工作
Integrated Drive Generator (IDG) 整体驱动发电机
Intentional Blank 空白
Intersection Takeoff 联络道口（位置）起飞
Introduction 介绍
IRS 惯性基准系统（QRH中简称“惯导”，OM中需写中文全称）
ISA Deviation 国际标准大气偏离
Land at nearest suitable airport 就近合适的机场着陆
Lavatory 盥洗室
Level flight 水平飞行，而非“平飞”
light 指示灯
Light(s) 指示灯
Lighting 照明
LNAV/VNAV 水平导航/垂直导航（不可直接引用）
Loc course ILS航道
Localizer/Course 航向道/航道
Mach 马赫数
Main Panel Display Unit Selector 主面板显示组件电门
Malfunction 故障
Manual Reversion 人工恢复
Marker 游标
Master Caution 主注意
Master Warning 主警告
Maximum Certified Thrust 最大验证推力
MCP 方式控制面板/MCP（面板）
MCP Mode Selector Switch 方式控制面板方式选择电门
Message Recall 信息再现
Mic / Microphone / Boom Mic 麦克风/吊杆话筒
Mic Selector 麦克风电门
Momentary Action 瞬时动作
Nav Aids / Nav Stations 助航设备/导航台
Needle Split 指针偏离（襟翼不对称时出现）
Nose Wheel Steering 前轮转向
Off Scale 偏离刻度
Offscale 范围之外
Offset （水平）偏离
Offset page 平行航路页面
On-Line 接通（状态）
Operating Altitude 使用高度
Out Of Trim 配平失效
Outflow Valve 排气活门
Overboard Exhaust Valve (-700新增) 机外排气活门
Overview 概况
Pack Trip Off 组件跳开
Packs/Pumps （尽量翻译准确，有时可只译单数形式）
Parking Brake Set 停留刹车提起
Patches of slush 半融雪为堆状
Path 航径
PBE 保护性呼吸装置
Pitot static system 皮托静压系统
Placard 标牌
Power Loss 失去电源
Power Remove 电源关断
Preface 前言
Preflight 飞行前
Pressure altitude 压力高度
Probe 探头
Production Flight Test 出厂试飞
Proximity Switch Electronic Unit (Light) 近地电门电子组件（指示灯）
QFE/QNH 场压/海压（需写中文全称）
Read 阅读，而非“读”
Recall 再现
Regulator 调节器
Remote APU fire warning horn 机外APU火警喇叭
Required Navigation Performance（RNP）参见ANP 要求的导航性能
Reverse Thrust 反推
Reverser Sleeve 反推套筒
Riser 升压器
Rotary Switch 旋转电门
Rotate 抬前轮
RTO 中断起飞/起飞中断
Rudder ratio changer 方向舵比调节器
RVSM 缩小垂直间隔标准
Selcal system 选呼系统
Selector 选择电门
Set Airspeed Bug 调定空速游标
Set Parking Brake 提起停留刹车
Set Thrust 调定推力
Sign 信号（灯）；标示
Sleet 冻雪
Sling-type carrying strap 便携式提带
Slip/Skid 外侧滑/内侧滑
Slippery runway 湿/滑跑道
Slush 半融雪
Some degree of sanding 平铺
Speaker 扬声器
Speed Brake 减速板（地面）/扰流板（空中）
Speed Reference Selector 速度基准电门
spinner 进气锥
Spoiler 扰流板
Spoiler Mixer 扰流板混合器
Standard day 标准日天气
Standby horizon indicator 备用姿态指示器
Switch 电门
Synchronization Shaft Lock 同步轴锁
System Description 系统说明
TA 咨询通告
Takeoff Briefing……Review 起飞简令……预习
Taxi In 滑入（机坪）
TCAS 活动警戒和避撞系统（可直接引用）
Test 测试
Throttle 油门/推力手柄
Thrust 推力
Thrust Lever 推力手柄
Thrust lever……close 推力手柄……慢车
Thrust Set 推力调定
Time Critical Warning 时限警告
TO/GA 起飞/复飞（需写中文全称，不可直接引用）
Tone 音调
Trim Air 调节空气
True Winds 真风向/风速
Unannunciated Checklists 非显示检查单
Uplink 上行（数据链）
Upset recovery 不明状态改出
Vertical angle 垂直角
Vertical Speed Rate 垂直速率
VHF 甚高频（需写中文全称）
Vnav cruise and path descent profile 垂直导航巡航和航径下降剖面
VOR/NDB VOR/NDB（可直接引用）
Vref 参考速度/ Vref
Water Basin 洗漱池
Wet snow 湿雪
Wing-body overheat 翼/身过热
AVIATION GLOSSARY
AVIATION GLOSSARY AA&E Architectural and Engineering 建筑和工程
A-BPSK Aviation-Biphase Shift Keying 航空两相相移键控
A-QPSK Aviation-Quadriphase Shift Keying 航空四相相移键控
A/G Air-to-Ground 空对地
AAC Aeronautical Administrative Communication 航空行政通信
AAC Airline Administrative Control 航空公司行政管理
AAC Aeronautical Advisory Council 航空咨询委员会
AAIM Aircraft Autonomous Integrity Monitor 飞机自治完好性监控
AARS Automatic Altitude Reporting System 自动高度报告系统
AAS Advanced Automated System 先进自动化系统
AAS Aeronautical Advisory Station 航空咨询电台
AAS Airborne Antenna System 机载天线系统
AASR Airport and Airways Surveillance Radar 机场和航路监视雷达
AATS Advanced Automation Training System 先进自动化培训系统
AAD Assigned Altitude Deviation 指定高度偏差
ABE ARINC 429 Bus Emulator ARINC 429 总线仿真器
ABI Advanced Boundary Information Message 高级边界信息报文
ABPS airborne beacon processing system 机载信标信息处理系统
ABPSK Aeronautical Binary Phase Shift Keying 航空双相移键控
A/C Aircraft 飞机
AC Advisory Circular 咨询通报
ACA Aeronautical Communication Architecture 航空通信结构
ACARS Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System 飞机通信寻址和报告系统
ACARS ARINC Communications Addressing and Reporting System ARINC通信寻址和报告系统
ACAS Airborne Collision Avoidance System 机载（避）防撞系统
ACC Area Control Center 区域管制中心
ACCC Area Control Computer Complex 区域管制计算机网
ACCTS Aviation Coordinating Committee for Telecommunication Services 航空电信服务协调委员会
ACF Area Control Facility 区域管制设施
ACID Aircraft Identification 飞行器识别标志
ACK Acknowledgment 认可
ACLS Automatic Control and Landing System 自动控制和着陆系统
ACMF Airplane Condition Monitoring Function 飞机状态监视功能
ACMS Aircraft Condition Monitoring System 飞机状态监控系统
ACNSS Advanced Communication/Naviga- tion/Surveillance system 先进的通信导航监视系统
ACS aircraft call sign 飞机呼号
ACS Attitude Control System 姿态控制系统
ACSE Access Control and Signaling Equipment 接续控制与信令设备
ACSG Aeronautical Communication Sub-Group 航空通信分组
ACU Aerodrome Control Unit 机场控制单位（室）
ACU Autopilot Control Unit 自动驾驶控制单元
ACU Antenna Control Unit 天线控制组件
ADA computer programming language 一种计算机编程语言
ADAS AWOS Data Acquisition System 自动气象观察系统数据采集系统
ADC airborne data computer 机载数据计算机
ADDI Automated Digital Data Interchange 自动化数字数据交换
ADEP Airport of Departure 起飞机场
ADES Airport of Destination 目标机场
ADFE Automatic Direction-Finding Equipment 自动定向仪设备
ADI Aggregate Demand Indicator 综合指令指示器
ADI Attitude Direction Indicator 姿态方向指示器
ADIRS Air Data Inertial Reference System 大气数据惯性基准系统
ADIRU Air Data Inertial Reference Unit 大气数据惯性基准单元
ADIS-B Automatic Data Interchange System, service B 自动数据交换系统,B类服务
ADLOC ARINC Data Link Operations Center ARINC数据链运行中心
ADLP Airborne Data Link Processor 机载数据链处理器
ADM Air Data Module 大气数据模块
ADMS Airline Data Management System 航空公司数据管理系统
ADNS ARINC Data Network Service ARINC数据网服务
ADP Automated Data Processing 自动数据处理
ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation 自适应差分脉码调制
ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance 自动相关监视
ADS Air Data System 大气数据系统
ADS Satellite ADS via AMSS 一种通过航空移动卫星系统运行的ADS
ADS-I ADS capability provided by the combination of FANS 1 avionics and ground automation 采用FANS-I 机载设备 和地面自动化系统 组合提供的ADS能力
ADS－A Automatic Dependent Surveillance Addressing 选址式自动相关监视
ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast Mode 广播式自动相关监视
ADS-B Mode S ADS-Broadcast based on Mode S Squitter 基于S模式应答机随机自发报告的广播式自动相关监视
ADS-B VHF ADS-Broadcast based on VHF datalink 基于VHF数据链的自动化相关监视广播
ADSEL Address Selective 寻址
ADSF Automatic Dependent Surveillance Function 自动相关监视功能
ADSP (ICAO) Automatic Dependent Surveillance Panel (国际民航组织)自动相关监视专家组
ADSU ADS Study Group (ICAO) （国际民航组织）自动相关监视研究组
ADSU Automatic Dependent Surveillance Unit or ADS Unit 自动相关监视单元
AECU Audio Electronic Control Unit 音频电子控制单元
AEEC Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee 航空公司电子工程委员会
AEL Aircraft Equipment List 飞机装备清单
AERA Automated En Route Air Traffic 自动化航路空中交通管制
AES Aircraft Earth Station 飞机地球站
AF Airway Facilities 航路设施
AFC ATC Frequency Change service 空中交通管制改（换）频服务
AFCAS Automatic Flight Control Augmentation System 自动飞行控制增强系统
AFCS Automatic Flight Control System 自动飞行控制系统
AFDC Autopilot Flight Director Computer 自动驾驶飞行指示计算机
AFDS Autopilot Flight Director System 自动驾驶飞行指示系统
AFEPS ACARS Front End Processing System ACARS前端处理系统
AFIS Aerodrome Flight Information Service 机场航行情报服务
AFIS Airborne Flight Information System 机载飞行情报系统
AFL Actual Flight Level 实际飞行高度
AFLS Automated Flight Inspection System 自动飞行检查系统
AFN ATS Facilities Notification 空中交通服务设备通告
AFS Aeronautical Fixed Service 航空固定通信业务
AFSS Automated Flight Service Station 自动化飞行服务站
AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network 航空固定电信网
AFTRCC Aerospace and Flight Test Radio Coordinating Council 宇航和飞行测试无线电协调委员会
AGCS Air Ground Communication System 空地通信系统
AGDLS Air-Ground Data Link System 空地数据链系统
AGL Above Ground Level 离地高度
AGMCS Airport Ground Movement Control System 机场地面交通管制系统
AGSS ACARS Ground System Standard(AEEC) ACARS 地面系统标准（AEEC）
AGSVP A/G Service Planning 空地（通信）业务规划
AGVS Air Ground VHF Subnetwork 空地VHF子网
AI Artificial Intelligence 人工智能
AI Alternative Interrogator 可选择询问器
AI Aeronautical Information 航空情报
AIC Aeronautical Information Circular 航空情报通报
AIDC ATC Interfacility Data Communications 空中交通管制设施间数据通信
AIDS airborne integrated data system 机载综合数据系统
AIDS airborne integrated display system 机载综合显示系统
AIED Aeronautical Industry Engineering and Development 航空工业工程和开发
AIEE American Institute Electrical Engineers 美国电气工程师学会
AIEM Airlines International Electronic Meeting 航空公司国际电子会议
AILAS Automatic Instrument Landing Approach System 自动仪表着陆进近系统
AIM-FANS Airbus Interoperable Modular FANS 空中客车FANS可运行模块（空中客车公司设计的一种FANS系统结构模块）
AIMS Aircraft Information Management System 飞机信息管理系统
AIP Aeronautical Information Publication 航行资料汇编
AIP Airport Improvement Program 航空港改进计划
AIRCOM digital air/ground communications services provided by SITA 由SITA提供的数字空地通信服务
AIRAC Aeronautical Information Regulation And Control 航行资料规划和管制，定期制航行通告
AIREP Air Report 空中报告
AIRMET Airmen's Meteorological information 飞行员的气象资料
AIS Aeronautical Information Service(s) 航空情报服务
AKN Acknowledgment 认可
A/L Autoland 自动着陆
AL Alerting Service 告警服务
ALC Asynchronous Link Control 异步链路控制
ALS Automatic Landing System 自动着陆系统
ALSF Approach Light System with Sequenced Flashing lights 顺序闪光的进近灯光系统
ALSIP Approach Light System Improvement Program 进近灯光系统改进计划
ALT Airborne Link Terminal 机载链路终端
ALT Altitude 高度
ALTS Altitude Select 高度选择
AM Amplitude Modulation 调幅
AMC Avionics Maintenance Conference 机载电子设备维护维修大会
AME Amplitude Modulation Equivalent 等效调幅
AMCP (ICAO) Aeronautical Mobile Communications Panel (国际民航组织)航空移动通信专家组
AMJ Advisory Material-Joint 联合咨询资料
AMP ARINC Message Processor(ADNS) ARINC报文处理器
AMS Aeronautical Mobile Service 航空移动服务
AMSS Aeronautical Mobile-Satellite Service 航空移动卫星业务
AMSSP （ICAO） Aeronautical Mobile-Satellite Service Panel （国际民航组织）航空移动卫星业务专家组
AMTS Aeronautical Message Transfer Service 航空报文移交业务
AMU Audio Management Unit 话音管理单元
AMUX Audio Multiplexer 音频复用器
A/N Alphanumeric 按字母顺序
ANC ICAO Air Navigation Commission 国际民航组织航行委员会
ANICS ALASKAN NAS Interfacility Communication System 阿拉斯加美国国家空域系统设施间通信系统
ANLP ARINC Network Layer Protocol ARINC网络层规程
ANP Air Navigation Plan 空中航行规划
ANP Actual Navigation Performance 实际导航性能
ANS Air Navigation System 空中航行系统
ANS Area Navigation System 区域导航系统
ANSI American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准学会
AOA Aerodrome Owners Association 机场企业主协会
AOC Aeronautical Operational Control 航空运营管理
AOC Aerodrome obstacle chart 机场障碍物图
AOC Aircraft Operational Center 飞行运行中心
AOC Airline Operational Communications System 航空公司运营通信系统
AOCI Airport Operators Council International 机场经营与国际协会
AOP Aerodrome Operations 机场运营
AOPA Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association 航空器企业主与驾驶员协会
AOR Atlantic Ocean Region 大西洋区域
AORE Atlantic Ocean Region East 东大西洋区域
AORW Atlantic Ocean Region West 西大西洋区域
A/P Autopilot 自动驾驶
APANPIRG ASIA/PAC Air Navigation Planning and Implementation Regional Group 亚太地区航行规划和实施小组
APC Autopilot Computer 自动驾驶计算机
APC Aeronautical Passenger Communications 航空旅客通信
APC Aeronautical Public Correspondence 航空公用通信
APIRG AFI Planning and Implementation Regional Group 非洲地区规划和实施小组
APIWP Approach Intercept Waypoint 进近切入点
APL Abbreviated Flight Plan 简略飞行计划
APP Approach Control 进近管制
APP（APPR） Approach 进近
APS Airway Planning Standard 航路设计标准
APSR Airport Surveillance Radar 机场监视雷达
AQP Avionics Qualification Policy 机载电子设备资格
A-QPSK Aeronautical Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 航空四相相移键控
AR Arrival Route 到达航路
ARCW ADS Route Conformance Warning 自动相关监视航路一致性警告
ARF Airport Reservation Function 航空港预定功能
ARINC Aeronautical Radio Inc. 航空无线电公司
ARP Aerodrome reference point 机场基准点
ARR Arrival message 到达信息
ARS Automated Radar Summary chart 自动雷达综合图
ARSA Airport Radar Service Area 机场雷达服务区
ARSR Air Route Surveillance Radar 航路监视雷达
ARTAS ATC Radar Tracker and Server 空中交通管制雷达跟踪和服务器
ARTCCS Air Route Traffic Control Centers 航路交通管制中心
ARTS Automated Radar Terminal System 自动化雷达终端系统
AS Autonomy Sensor 自主式机载传感器
ASCPC Air Supply and Cabin Pressure Controllers 空气供给和机舱压力控制器
ASCII America standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换标准码
ASD Aircraft Situation Display 飞机状态显示器
ASDE Airport Surface Detection Equipment 机场场面探测设备
ASDL Aeronautical Satellite Data Link 航空卫星数据链
ASECNA Agency for the Security of Aerial Navigation in Africa and Madagascar 非洲和马达加斯加航行安全局
ASG ARINC Signal Gateway ARINC信号网关
ASI Avionics System Integration 航空电子仪表系统集成
ASK Amplitude Shift Keying 振幅移位键控
AM（ASM） Airspace Management 空域管理
A-SMGCS Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System 先进场面活动引导和控制系统
ASOS Automated Surface Observing System 自动场面观测系统
ASP Arrival Sequencing Program 进场顺序计划
ASP Aeronautical communication Service Processor 航空通信业务处理器
ASPP （ICAO） Aeronautical Fixed Service (AFS) System Planning for Data Interchange Panel (国际民航组织)航空固定电信业务系统数据 交换规划专家组
ASR Airport Surveillance Radar 机场监视雷达
ASRS Aviation Safety Reporting System 航空安全报告系统
ASTERIX All- purpose Structured Eurocontrol Radar Information Exchange
ASTA Airport Surface Traffic Automation 机场场面交通自动化
A/T Auto throttlt 自动油门
AT Air Traffic 空中交通
AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph 美国电话电报公司
ATA Air Transport Association of American 美国航空运输协会
ATAG Air Transport Action Group 航空运输行动小组
ATAR Automatic Air Reporting 航空自动报告
ATAR Automatic Air Reporting Study Group 航空自动报告研究组
ATC Air Traffic Control 空中交通管制
ATCC Air Traffic Control Center 空中交通管制中心
ATCBI Air Traffic Control Beacon Interrogator 空中交通管制信标询问器
ATCComm Air Traffic Control Communications System(Hardware & Software) 空中交通管制通信系统(硬件和软件)
ATCRBS Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System 空中交通管制雷达信标系统
ATCS Air Traffic Control Services 空中交通管制服务
ATCT Airport Traffic Control Tower 机场交通管制塔台
ATCU ATC unit 空中交通管制单位
ATD Along-Track Distance 沿航线距离
ATE Automatic Test Equipment 自动测试设备
ATFM Air Traffic Flow Management 空中交通流量管理
ATIS Air Traffic Information Service 空中交通信息服务
ATIS Airport Terminal Information Service 机场终端信息服务
ATIS Automated(automatic) Terminal Information Service 自动终端情报服务
ATM Air Traffic Management 空中交通管理
ATN Aeronautical Telecommunications Network 航空电信网
ATNP （ICAO）Aeronautical Telecommunication Network Panel （国际民航组织）航空电信网专家组
ATO Actual Time Over 实际经过时间
ATRK Along-Track Error 沿航线误差
ATS Air Traffic Services 空中交通服务
ATSC Air Traffic Services Communication 空中交通服务通信
ATT Attitude 姿态
AUSSAT Australian Satellite 澳大利亚卫星
AUTODIN Automated Digital Network 自动化数字网络
AUTOVON Automatic Voice Network 自动化话音网络
AUX Auxiliary 辅助
AVOL Aerodrome Visibility Operational Level 机场能见度运行等级
AVPAC Aviation VHF Packet Communications 航空甚高频分组通信
AVS Aviation Standards 航空标准
AWANS Aviation Weather And NOTAM System 航空气象和航行通告系统
AWOP （ICAO） All Weather Operations Panel （国际民航组织）全天候运行专家组
AWOS Automated Weather Observing System 自动化气象观测系统
AWP Aviation Weather Processor 航空气象处理器
AWS Aviation Weather Service 航空气象服务
AZ Azimuth transmitter 方位台
B
BARO Barometric 气压
BAZ Back Azimuth 后方位，背航道
BER Basic Encoding Rules 基本编码规则
BER Bit Error Rate 误码率
BIT Built-In-Test 机内测试
BITE Built-In-Test Equipment 机内测试设备
BOP Bit Oriented Protocol 面向位的协议
BPS bits per second 每秒传送位数；每秒比特数
BPSK Biphase Shift Keying 两相相移键控
BRITE Bright Radar Indicator Tower Equipment 塔台高亮度雷达显示设备
BRL Bearing Range Line 方位距离线
BSU Beam Steering Unit 天线方位控制组件
BUEC Backup Emergency Communications 备用紧急通信
C 通信
C-Band Approx. 5,000MHz C波段
C/A (CA) Code Course Acquisition Code 粗获码（民用的）
C/I Carrier-to-Interference Ratio 信号干扰比
C/N Carrier-to-Noise Ratio 信噪比
CA Conflict Alert 冲突告警
CA GPS Course- Acquisition Code 粗捕获码（民用码）
CA/MSAW Conflict Alert/Minimum Safe Altitude Warning 冲突告警/最低安全高度警告
CAA Civil Aviation Administration, Civil Aeronautical Authority, Civil Aviation Authority 民航局
CAAC General Administration of Civil Aviation of China 中国民用航空总局
CAASD Center for Advanced Aviation System Development(The MITRE Corporation) (MITRE公司)高级航行系统开发中心
CAB Civil Aeronautical Bureau 民航局
CARF Central Altitude Reservation Function 中央飞行高度保留功能
CARs Civil Air Regulations 民用航空规则
CASITAF CNS/ATM implementation task force 新航行系统实施特别工作组
CAT Category 仪表着陆等级
CATⅠ Category Ⅰ 一类仪表着陆
CATⅡ Category Ⅱ 二类仪表着陆
CAT Ⅲa Category Ⅲa 三类a级仪表着陆
CAT Ⅲb Category Ⅲb 三类b级仪表着陆
CAT Ⅲc Category Ⅲc 三类c级仪表着陆
CATC Civil Aviation Training Center 民航培训中心
CATMAC Co-operative Air Traffic Management Concept 空中交通管理合作方案
CBA Cost/Benefit Analysis 成本效益分析
C-BAND The frequency range between 4000 and 8000MHz 4000到8000MHz频段
CBI Computer Based Instruction 计算机基本指令
CBT Computer-Based Training 计算机辅助训练
CC Connection Confirm 联接确认
CCA Continental Control Area 大陆管制区
CCC 蜂窝式CNS概念
CCD Consolidated Cab Display 综合机舱显示器
CCIR International Radio Consultative Committee 国际无线电咨询委员会
CCITT International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee 国际电报电话咨询委员会
CCP Contingency Command Post 应急指挥站
CCWS Common controller workstation 通用管制员工作站
CD Common Digitizer 通用数字化仪设备
CDC Computer Display Channel 计算机显示通道
CDI Course Deviation Indicator 偏航指示器
CDM Code division multiplex 码分复用
CDM Continuous Delta Modulation 连续增量调制
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access 码分多址
CDT Controlled Departure Times 管制离场时间
CDTI Cockpit Display of Traffic Information 驾驶舱交通信息显示
CDU Control Display Unit 控制显示组件
CEP Circular error probability 圆概率误差
CERAC Combined Center Radar Approach Control 雷达进近管制联合中心
CFCC Central Flow Control Computer 中央流量管制计算机
CFCF Central Flow Control Facility 中央流量管制设施(功能)
CFDPS Compact Flight Data Processing System 小型飞行数据处理系统
CFWP Central Flow Weather Processor 中央流量气象处理机
CFWSU Central Flow Weather Service Unit 中央流量气象服务单元（组件）
CHI Computer Human Interface 机人接口
CIDIN Common ICAO Data Interchange Network 国际民航组织公用数据交换网
CIS Cooperative independent surveillance 合作式独立监视
CLAM Cleared Level Adherence Monitoring 放行高度保持监视
CLB Climb 爬升
CLK Clock 时钟
CLNP Connectionless Network Protocol 无连接网络规程（协议）
CLR Clear 清除
CMC Central Maintenance Computer 中央维护计算机
CMD Command 命令
CMS Cabin Management System 机舱管理系统
CMU Communications Management Unit 通信管理单元
CNDB Customized Navigation Database 用户导航数据库
CNS Consolidated NOTAM System 综合航行通告系统
CNS/ATM Communication Navigation, Surveillance/Air Traffic Management 通信导航监视/空中交通管理
CODEC Coder/Decoder 编码器/解码器
COM/MET/OPS Communication/ Meteorology/ Operations 通信/气象/运行
COMLO Compass Locator 罗盘定位器；罗盘示位信标
COMM Communication 通信
COMP Compressor 压缩器
COMSEC Communications Security 通信保安
CON Continuous 连续
CONUS Continental, Contiguous, or Conterminous United States 美国大陆本部(四十八州)
COP Change Over Point 转换点
COP Character Oriented Protocol 面向字符协议
COTS Commercial Off-the-Shelf 商业货架产品供应
CPDLC Controller Pilot Data Link Communications 管制员驾驶员数据链通信
CPFSK Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keying 连续相位频移键控
CR Connection Request 联接申请
CRA Conflict Resolution Advisory 冲突解脱咨询
CRC Cyclic Redundant Check 循环冗余校验
CRCO Central Route Charges Office 中央航路收征费办公室
CRM C Reference Model C参考模式
CRM Collision Risk Modeling 碰撞危险模型
CRM Crew Resource Management 机组人员安排
CRT Cathode Ray Tube 阴极射线管
CRZ Cruise 巡航
CSA Standard Accurate Channel 标准精度通道
CSE Course Setting Error 航线设定误差
CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access (datalink protocol) 载波侦听多址访问
C/SOIT Communication/ Surveillance Operational Implementation Team 通信监视运行实施小组（美国）
CTA Calculated Time of Arrival 计算到达时间
CTA Control Area 管制区
CTAS Central Tracon Automation System 中央终端雷达进近管制自动系统
CTL Control 控制
CTMO Central traffic Management Organization 中央交通流量管理组织
CTMO Centralized Traffic Management Organization 中央交通管理组织
CTOL Conventional Take Off and Landing 常规起飞着陆
CTR Control zone 管制地带
CTS Control Tracking Station 控制跟踪站
CU Control Unit 控制单元
C§W Control and Warning 控制和告警
CW Carrier Wave 载波
CWI Continuous Wave Interference 连续波干扰
CWP Central Weather Processor 中央气象处理器
CWSU Center Weather Service Unit 中央气象服务单元
D
D/A Digital-to-Analog 数/模转换
DABS Discrete Addressable Beacon System 离散寻址信标系统
DADC Digital Air Data Computer 数字大气数据计算机
D-ATIS Digital Automatic Terminal Information Service 数字自动终端信息服务
DA Decision Addressing beacon system 决断寻址信标系统
DA Demand Assignment 按需分配
DA/H Decision Altitude(Height) 决断高度
DARC Direct Access Radar Channel 直接存取雷达信道
DARP Dynamic Air Route Planning 动态航线计划
DARPS Dynamic Aircraft (Air) Route Planning Study 动态飞机航线计划研究
DC Departure Clearance 离场放行许可
DC Direct Current 直流(电)
DCC Display Channel Complex 显示通道组合
DCIU Data Control Interface Unit 数据控制接口单元
DCL Departure Clearance Delivery 起飞许可传送
DCPC Direct Controller Pilot Communication 管制员驾驶员直接通信
DES Data Encryption Standard 数据加密标准
DF Direction Finder 测向器
DFCS Digital Flight Control System 数字飞行控制系统
DFDAU Digital Flight Data Acquisition Unit 数字飞行数据采集单元
DGCA Director-General Civil Aviation 民航局长
DGNSS Differential Global Navigation Satellite System 差分全球导航卫星系统
DGPS Differential Global Positioning System 差分全球定位系统
DH Decision Height 决断高度
DIP Diplexer 双工器
DL Data Link 数据链
DLAC Data Link Applications Coding 数据链应用编码
DLAS Differential GNSS Instrument Approach System 差分GNSS仪表进近系统
DLK data link 数据链
DLORT FAA Data Link Operational Requirements Team FAA数据链运行要求工作组
DMAP ICAO Data Link Mobile Applications Panel(proposed) 国际民航组织数据链移动应用专家组（建议）
DME Distance Measuring Equipment 测距设备
DME/N Distance Measuring Equipment/Normal 标准测距设备
DME/P Distance Measuring Equipment/Precision 精密测距设备
DMU Data Management Unit 数据管理单元
DO（DOC） Document 记录（文件）
DOD Department of Defense (美国)国防部
DOP Dilution of Precision 精度扩散因子
DOT Department of Transportation (美国)运输部
DOTS Dynamic Ocean Tracking System 动态海洋跟踪系统
DP Disconnect Request 分离拆线请求
DPF Data Processing Function 数据处理功能
D8PSK Differential Eight-Phase Shift Keying 差分8相移键控
DPSK Differential Phase Shift Keying 差分相移键控
DRMS Distance Root Mean Square 距离均方根值
DRN Document Release Notice 文件发放通告
DSB－AM Double Sideband Amplitude 双边带调幅
DSDU Data Signal Display Unit 数据信号显示单元
DSP Departure Sequencing Program 起飞排序计划；离港排序计划
DT Data 数据
DTE Data Terminal Equipment 数据终端设备
DT&E Development Test and Evaluation 开发测试和评估
DTF Data Test Facility 数据检测设备
DTG 待飞距离
DTN Data Transport Network 数据传输网络
DUAT Direct User Access Terminal 用户直接存取终端
DVOR Doppler Very high frequency Omni-directional Range 多普勒甚高频全向信标
E
EANPG European Air Navigation Planning Group 欧洲航行规划小组
E-DARC Enhanced Direct Access Radar Channel 增强的直接存取雷达信道
EARTS En route Automated Radar Tracking System 航路自动化雷达跟踪系统
EASIE Enhanced ATM and Mode S Implementation in Europe 欧洲S模式和增强的空中交通管理实施项目
EATCHIP European ATC Harmonization Implementation Program 欧洲空中交通管制协调实施计划
EATMS European Air Traffic Management System 欧洲空中交通管理系统
ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference 欧洲民航会议
ECEF 地心地固坐标
EDCT Estimated Departure Clearance Time 预计离港起飞放行时间
EET Estimated Elapsed Time 预计经过时间
EFAS En route Flight Advisory Service 航路飞行咨询服务
EFAS Extended Final Approach Segment 扩展最后进近段
EFIS Electronic Flight Instrument System 电子飞行仪表系统
EFC Expect Further Clearance 预期进一步放行许可
EFIS Electronic Flight Information System 电子飞行情报系统
EGNOS European global navigation overlay system 欧洲全球导航重迭系统
EHSI Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator 电子平面状态显示器
EIRP Equivalent Isotropic Radiate Power 等效各向同性辐射功率
EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture 扩展的工业标准结构
EL Elevation Transmitter 仰角台
ELOD En route sector Load 航路扇区负载管制飞机数量
ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter 紧急示位发射机
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility 电磁兼容
EMI Electromagnetic Interference 电磁干扰
ENRI Electronic Navigation Research Institute （日本）电子导航研究所
EOF Emergency Operations Facility 应急运行设施
EPA Environmental Protection Agency 环境保护署
ER Error 误差
ERL Environmental Research Laboratories 环境研究实验室
ERM En Route Metering 航路计量管制
ERN Earth Referenced Navigation 大地参考导航
ERP Effective Radiated Power 有效幅射功率
ES End System 终端系统
ESA European Space Agency 欧洲航天局
ESCAN Electronic Scanning(radar antenna)
ESMMC Enhanced SMMC 增强的系统维护监视台
ESP En route Spacing Program 航路间隔计划
EST Estimated message 预计信息
ETA Estimated Time of Arrival 预计到达时间
ETB Estimated Time of Boundary 预计边界时间
ETD Estimated Time of Departure 预计离港时间
ETG Enhanced Target Generator 增强的显示目标产生器
ETN Estimated Time of Entry 预计进入时间
ETO Estimated Time Over 预计飞越时间
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute 欧洲电信标准学会
EU European Union 欧洲联盟
EURATN European ATN 欧洲航空电信网
EUROCAE European Organization for Civil Aviation Electronics 欧洲民用航空电子学组织
EUROCONTROL European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation 欧洲航行安全组织(欧安局)
EVS Enhanced Vision System 增强视景系统
EWAS En-route Weather Advisory Service 航路气象咨询服务
F
F&E Facilities and Equipment 设施和设备
F,E&D Facilities, Engineering, and Development 设施、工程和开发
FAA Federal Aviation Administration (美国)联邦航空局
FAATC FAA Technical Center (美国)联邦航空局技术中心
FAF Final Approach Fix 最终进近坐标
FANS ICAO Future Air Navigation Systems （国际民航组织）未来航行系统
FANS Special Committee on Future Air Navigation Systems 未来航行系统特别委员会
FANS(Phase II) Special Committee for the Monitor- ing and Co-ordination of Develop- ment and Transition Planning for the Future Air Navigation System 未来航行系统监督、协调发展与过渡规划 专门委员会
FAR Federal Aviation Regulation 联邦航空条例
FAS Final Approach Segment 最后进近段
FASID Facilities And Services Implementation Document 设施和服务实施文件
FCC Flight Communication Center 飞行通信中心
FCC Federal Communication Commission 联邦通信委员会
FCC Flight Control Computer 飞行控制计算机
FDAU Flight Data Acquisition Unit 飞行数据收集单元
FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface 光纤分布数据接口
FDEP Flight Data Entry and Printout 飞行数据输入和输出
FDI Fault Detection and Isolation 故障检测和隔离
FDIO Flight Data Input/Output 飞行数据输入/输出
FDM Frequency Division Multiplex 频分复用
FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access 频分多址
FDP Flight Data Processor 飞行数据处理器
FDPS Flight Data Processing System 飞行数据处理系统
FDR Flight Data Recorder 飞行数据记录仪
FEATS Future European ATS System Concept 未来欧洲空中交通服务系统方案
FEATS ICAO Future European Air Traffic Management System 国际民航组织未来欧洲空中交通管理系统
FEC Forward Error Correction 前向纠错
FGC Flight Guidance Computer 飞行引导计算机
FGCC Federal Geodetic Control Committee 联邦大地测量管理委员会
FI Flight Inspection 飞机校验
FIC Flight Information Center 飞行信息中心
FIFO First In-First Out 先入先出
FIFO Flight Inspection Field Office 飞行检查现场办事处
FIR Flight Information Region 飞行情报区
FIS Flight Information Services 飞行情报服务
FISA Automatic Flight Information Service 自动飞行信息服务
FL Flight Level 飞行高度层
FLIR Forward Looking Infra-red Detection 前视红外线探测
FM Frequency Modulation 调频
FMC Flight Management Computer 飞行管理计算机
FMEA Failure Mode Effects Analysis 故障模式效果分析
FMS Flight Management System 飞行管理系统
FMS Frequency Management System 频率管理系统
FMSG Frequency Management Study Group 频率管理研究组
FMU Flight Management Unit 飞行管理组件
FMU Flow Management Unit 流量管理单元
FOC Full Operation Capability 全运行能力
FOM Figure of Merit 性能指数
FPA Flight Path Angle 航迹倾角
FPD Flight Plan Data 飞行计划数据
FPS Military Primary Radar 军用一次雷达
FREQ Frequency 频率
FRP Federal Radio navigation Plan 联邦无线电导航计划（美国）
FS Functional Statement 功能描述
FSAS Flight Service Automation System 飞行服务自动化系统
FSDPS Flight Service Data Processing System 飞行服务数据处理系统
FSK Frequency Shift Keying 频移键控
FSP Flight Strip Printer 飞行进程单打印机
FSS Flight Service Station 飞行服务站
FSTN Federal Security Telephone Network 联邦政府保安电话网络
FT Functional Test 功能测试
FTE Flight Technical Error 飞行技术误差
FY Fiscal Year 财政年度; 会计年度
G
GA General Aviation 通用航空
GA Ground annta 地面天线
Gatelink Datalink for packed aircraft 网关数据链路
GADS Generic Aircraft Display System 通用航空器显示系统
GAIT Ground-based Augmentation and Integrity Technique 陆基增强和完好性技术
GAO Government Accounting Office (联邦)政府会计署
GBA Geostationary broadcast area 静止卫星广播区域
GCAS Ground Collision Avoidance System 地面防撞系统
GCS Ground Controlled Approach 地面控制系统
GDLP Ground Data Link Processor 地面数据链处理器
GDOP Geometic Dilution of Position 位置几何扩散因子
GDOP Geometry Dilution of Precision 精度几何扩散因子
GEO Geostationary 静地的
GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit 相对地球静止轨道静止卫星
GES Ground Earth Station 地面地球站
GFE Government-Furnished Equipment 政府提供的设备
GHz Giga hertz 千兆赫兹
GIB GNSS integrity broadcast 全球导航卫星系统完好性数据广播
GIC GNSS Integrity Channel 全球卫星导航系统完好性通道
GICB Ground-initiated Comm-B 地面启动的B类通信
GIRU Ground Interrogator Receiver Unit 地面应答机接收单元
GIS Geographical Information System 地理信息系统
GLONASS Global Orbit Navigation Satellite System 全球轨道导航卫星系统(俄罗斯)
GLS GPS Landing System GPS着陆系统
GM Guidance Material 指导材料
GMC Ground Movement Control 地面活动管制
GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
GMT Greenwich Mean Time 格林威治时间
GNAS General NAS 综合国家空域系统
GND Ground 地
GNE Gross Navigational Error 总导航误差
GNR Global Navigation Receiver 全球导航接收机
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System 全球导航卫星系统
GNSSP ICAO Global Navigation Satellite Systems Panel 国际民航组织全球卫星导航系统专家组
GPSSU Global Positioning System Sensor Unit 全球定位系统（GPS）传感器组件
GOES Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 静地运行环境卫星
GOS Grade of Service 服务等级
GOSEP Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile 政府开放系统互联结构
GOSIP Government Open systems Implementation Profile 政府开放系统实施结构
GP Glide-Path 下滑道
GPIP Glide-Path Intercept Point 下滑道截获点
GPIWP Glide Path Intercept Waypoint 滑行道切入点
GPO/GPI General Purpose Output/General Purpose Input 通用输出/通用输入
GPS Global Positioning System 全球定位系统
GPWS Ground Proximity Warming System 近地告警系统
GREPECAS Caribean/South American Planning and Implementation Regional Group 加勒比/南美洲计划和实施区域 小组
GRS Ground-Reference Station 地面基准站
GRS80 Geodetic-Reference System－80 大地基准系统－80
GS(G/S) Glide Slope 下滑坡度
GS Ground Speed 地速
GSA General Services Administration 综合服务管理局(联邦政府下属)
GSL General Support Laboratory 综合保障实验室
GSM Global System （or Mobile） Communication 全球通信系统
GWS Graphic Weather Service 图形气象服务
H
H Homing radio beacon 归航无线电信标
HARN High Accuracy Reference Network 高精度参考网
HAT Height Above Touchdown 高于接地点的高度
HCI Human Computer Interface 人机接口
HDD Head Down Display 下视显示器
HDG Heading 航向
HDOP Horizontal Dilution Of Precision 精度水平扩散因子
HEMP High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse 高空电磁脉冲
HEO High Elliptical Orbit 高椭圆率轨道
HF High Frequency(3-30MHz) 高频
HFDL High Frequency Data Link 高频数据链
HGA High Gain Antenna 高增益天线
HIRF High Intensity Radiated Fields 高强度辐射场
HIWAS Hazardous In-flight Weather Advisory Service 飞行时遇危险天气的咨询服务
HMI Human Machine Interface 人机接口
HPA high power amplifier 高功率放大器
HPF Horizontal Position Fix Error 水平位置坐标误差
HSI Horizontal Situation Indicator 水平位置指示器
HUD Head-up Display 平视显示仪
HUI Head up Display
HVAC Heating, Ventilating, And air Conditioning 加热,通风和空调
Hybird GNSS/ILS Precision Approach/Landing based on combination of GNSS localizer and ILS glide path 基于GNSS航向和ILS下滑道组合的精密进近/着陆系统
Hz Hertz 赫兹
I
IA5 International Alopabet 5 国际字母表第5号码
IACA International Air Carrier Association 国际航空公司协会
IACSP International Aeronautical Communication Service Provider 国际航空通信业务提供者
IAF Initial Approach Fix 初始进近点（坐标）
IAG International Association of Geodetical 国际测地协会
IAIN International Association of Institutes of Navigation 国际导航学会联合会
IAOPA International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations 航空器企业主和驾驶员协会国际委员会
IAP Instrument Approach Procedure 仪表进近程序
IAR Intersection of Air Routes 航路交叉点
IAS Indicated Air Speed 指示空速
IASC Inter Area Speech Circuit 区域间话音线路
IATA International Air Transport Association 国际航空运输协会
IBAC International Business Aviation Council 国际商业航空委员会
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization 国际民航组织
ICCAI(A) International Co-ordination Council of Aerospace Industries Associations 国际宇航工业联合会合作委员会
ICD Interface Control Document 接口控制文件
ICO Interim Circle Orbit 中高度圆轨道
ICSS Integrated Communications Switching System 综合通信转换系统
ID Identifier(Identification) 标识码(编码、识别标志)
ID Instrument Departure 仪表离场
IDSG ICAO Internet Working Standards Drafting Group 国际民航组织网间标准起草小组
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 电气和电子工程师学会
IF Intermediate approach Fix 中间进近定位点
IFALPA International Federation of Airline Pilots Associations 航空公司驾驶员协会国际联合会
IFATCA International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers' Associations 空中交通管制员协会国际联合会
IFCN Interfacility Flow Control Network 设施(单位)间流量管制网络
IFF 敌我识别器
IFM Integrated Flow Management 综合流量管理
IFR Instrument Flight Rules 仪表飞行规则
IFRB International Frequency Registration Board 国际频率注册委员会
IFSS International Flight Service Station 国际飞行服务站
IBM International Business Machines (美国)国际商用机器公司
ILA International Law Association 国际法律协会
ILS Instrument Landing System 仪表着陆系统
IMA Integrated Modular Avionics 集成化模块式航空电子设备
IMAWP Initial Missed Approach Waypoint 起始复飞航路点
IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions 仪表气象条件
IMCS Interim MCS 过渡性监控/管制软件
IMO International Maritime Organization 国际海事组织
IMS Integrity Monitoring System 完好性监视系统
IN Information Need 信息需求
INMARSAT International Marine Satellite Organization 国际移动卫星组织（原名国际海事卫星组织）
INS Inertial Navigation System 惯性导航系统
INS Insert 插入
INTNET Integrated Data Communications Network 集成化数据通信网络
I/O input/output 输入/输出
IOACG Informal Indian Ocean Air Traffic Services Coordinating Group 非正式印度洋空中交通服务协调小组
IOC Initial Operational Capability 初始运行能力
IOD GPS Issue of Data 全球定位系统数据发布
ION Institute of Navigation 导航学会
IOR Indian Ocean Region 印度洋区域
IOT§E Initial Operational Test and Evaluation 初始运行测试和评估
IP Internetwork Protocol 网络间协议
IPACG Informal Pacific Air Traffic Control Coordination Group 非正式太平洋空中交通管制协调小组
IRS Inertial Reference System 惯性参考系统
ISA International Standard Atmosphere 国际标准大气
ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network 综合业务数字网络
ISNS 国际卫星导航服务
ISO International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织
ISPACG Informal South Pacific ATS Co-Ordination Group 非正式南太平洋空中交通服务协调小组
ISSS Initial Sector Suite Subsystem 起始扇区管制席位分系统
ITU International Telecommunication Union 国际电信联盟
ITWS Integrated Terminal Weather Service 综合终端气象服务
IVAD Integrate Voice and Data 综合话音和数据（通信数据链）
IVRS Interim Voice Response System 过渡性话音响应系统
IWP Interim Working Party 临时工作组
J
JAWS Joint Airport Weather Studies 联合机场气象研究
JCAB Japan Civil Aviation Bureau 日本民航局
JAWS Joint Airport Weather Studies 联合机场气象研究
JPO Joint GPS Planning Office 联合GPS规划办公室
JSS Joint Surveillance System 联合监视系统
K
Kbps Kilo bits per second 千位每秒
KDP Key Decision Point 关键性决定点
kHz Kilohertz 千赫
KLAAS Kinematics Local Area Augmentation System 动态地面局域增强系统
KLADGNSS Kinematics Local Area Differential GNSS 动态地局域差分GNSS
kW Kilowatt 千瓦
kWh Kilowatt hour 千瓦小时
L
L1 1575.42MHz L-Band carrier L1频率
L2 1227.6MHz L-Band carrier L2频率
LAAS Local Area Augmentation System 局域增强系统
LACAC Latin American Civil Aviation Commission 拉丁美洲民航委员会
LADGNSS Local Area Differential GNSS 局域差分全球卫星导航系统
LADS 局域差分系统
LAN Local Area Network 局域网
LAT/LONG Latitude/Longitude
Lat/Long Reference Waypoint 经/纬度
经/纬度参考点
L-Band Approx 1,500MHz L 波段（1500兆赫附近频段）
LCD Liquid Crystal Display 液晶显示
LCN Local Communications Network 局域通信网络
LDGPS Local Differential GPS 本地差分GPS
LEO Low Earth Orbit 近地轨道、低高度轨道
LGA Low Gain Antenna 低增益天线
LCN Local Communications Network 局域通信网络
LLWSA(S) Low Level Wind Shear Alert System 低空风切变报警系统
LMM Locator Middle Marker 航向中指点标
LNA Low Noise Amplifier 低噪音放大器
LNAV Lateral Navigation 侧向导航
LOC Localize Transmitter(Localizer) 航向台发信机
LOM Locator Outer Marker 航向外指点标
LON Longitude 经度
LORAN－C Long Range Navigation System 罗兰－C导航系统
LPC Linear Predicative Coding 线性预测编码
LRR Long Range Radar 远程雷达
LRU Line Replaceable Unit 在线替换部件
LSB Least Significant Bit 最低有效位
LVA Large Vertical Aperture 大垂直孔径
M
MALSR Medium-intensity Approach Lighting System with Runway alignment indicator lights 中级亮度进近照明系统，并有跑道对准线显示灯
MAP Missed Approach Point 复飞点
MAR Minimally Attended Radar 需低度护理的雷达
MASPS Minimum Aeronautical System Standards 最低航空系统标准
MASPS Minimum Aircraft (Aviation) System Performance Specification(Standards) 最小飞机(航空)系统性能标准 扩展频谱
MAWP Missed Approached Waypoint
MB Market Beacon 指点标
MBI Message Block Identifier 信息块指示器
mbps、Mbit/s mega bits per second 兆位每秒
MCA Minimum Crossing Altitude 最低穿越高度
MCC Maintenance Control Center 维护控制中心
MCDU Multifunction Control Display Unit 多功能控制显示单元
MCI Mode C intruder 装有C模式应答器的入侵飞机
MCS Master Control Station 主控站
MCS Monitoring/Control Software 监控/管制软件
MDA Minimum Descent Altitude 最低下降高度
MDT Maintenance Data Terminal 维护数据终端
MEA Minimum En-route Altitude 最低航路高度
MED Manual Entry Device 人工输入器
MET Meteorology 气象
METAR Meteorological Report of Aerodrome Conditions 机场条件气象报告
MFCP Multifunction Control Display Panel 多功能控制显示面板
MFDU Multifunction Display Unit 多功能显示单元
MHz Megahertz 兆赫
MIDANPIRG Middle East Air Navigation Planning and Implementation Regional Group 中东地区航行规划<请合法使用í?t>实施小组
MIFR Master International Frequency Registration 国际频率注册管理站(员)
MIL Military 军方
MKR Marker 指点标
MLS Microwave Landing System 微波着陆系统
MMALS Multi-Mode Approach and Landing System 多模式进近和着陆系统
MMI Man-Machine Interface 人机接口
MMR Multi-Mode Receiver 多模式接收机
MMS Maintenance Management System 维护管理系统
MMW Millimeter Wave 毫米波
MNPS Minimum Navigation Performance Specification 最低导航性能规范
MNPSA MNPS airspace 最低导航性能规范空域
MNT Mach Number Technique 马赫数技术
MOCA Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitudes 最低超障净空高度
Mode S specific services S模式特定业务
MODEM Modulator-Demodulator 调制解调器
MOPR Minimum Operational Performance Requirements 最低运行性能要求
MOPS Minimum Operational Performance Standards 最低运行性能规范
MORA Minimum Off-Route Altitude <请合法使用软件>低偏离航路高度
MOS Metal-Oxide Semiconductor 金属-氧化物半导体
MOU Memorandum Of Understanding 备忘录
MPS Maintenance Processor Subsystem 维护处理机分系统
MRA Minimum Reception Altitude 最低接受高度
MRT Multi-Radar Tracking 多雷达跟踪
MRT-VU Multi-Radar Tracking using Variable Update 采用变化更新的多雷达跟踪
MSA Minimum Sector Altitude 最低扇区高度
MSAT 移动业务卫星系统（美国的）
MSAW Minimum Safe Altitude Warning 最低安全高度警告
MSCP Mobile Satellite Service Provider 移动卫星业务提供者
MSE Mean Square Error 均方误差
MSK Minimum Shift Keying 最小移频键控
MSL Mean Sea Level 平均海平面
MSP Mode S specific protocol S模式特别协议(规程)
MSU Mode Select Unit 模式选择单元
MTBA Mean Time Between Alarm(Warning) 平均告警间隔时间
MTBF Mean Time Between Failure 平均故障间隔时间
MTBO Mean Time Between Outage 平均故障停工间隔时间
MTBR Mean Time Between Repairs 平均故障修复间隔时间
MTBUR Mean Time Between Unit Replacements 平均更换故障单元间隔时间
MTBW Mean Time Between Warning 平均告警间隔时间
MTD Maintenance Terminal Display 维护终端显示器
MTI Moving Target Indicator 活动目标指示器
MTM Module Test and Maintenance 模块测试和维护
MTMIU Module Test and Maintenance Bus Interface Unit 模块测试和维护总线接口单元
MTN MEGA Transport Network MEGA运输网络
MTSAT Multi-Functional Transport Satellite 多功能传送卫星（日本）
MTTDA Mean Time To Dispatch Alert 平均签派告警时间
MTTF Mean Time To Failure 平均故障时间
MTTM Mean Time To Maintenance 平均维护时间
MTTR Mean Time to Repair 维平均修时间
MTTR Mean Time to Restore 平均恢复时间
MU Management Unit 管理单元
MUS Minimum Use Specification 最低应用规格
MUX Multiplexer 复用器
MN Multisensor Navigation 多传感器导航
MUX Multiplexer 多工器，复用器
MWARA Major World Air Route Area 世界主要航路区
MWO Meteorological Watch Office 气象观测台
N
N Navigation 导航
NA Not Applicable 不可用
NACK Negative Acknowledgment 出错通知
NAD North American Datum 北美数据(基准)
NADIN National Airspace Data Interchange Network 国家空域数据交换网
NAGU 咨询报告
NAILS National Airspace Integrated Logistics Support 国家空域综合后勤保障
NAPA 国家公共管理科学院（美国）
Nanosecond One billionth of a second 十亿分之一秒
NAR National Airspace Review 国家空域审议
NARACS National Radio Communications System 国家无线电通信系统
NAS National Airspace System 国家空域系统
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration 国家航空和宇航局(美国)
NASNET National Airspace System Network 国家空域系统网络
NASP National Airport System Plan 国家航空港系统计划
NASPALS NAS Precision Approach and Landing System 国家空域系统进近和着陆系统
NAT North Atlantic 北大西洋地区
NAT ADSG North Atlantic Automatic Dependent Surveillance Development Group 北大西洋自动相关监视开发小组
NAT ATS North Atlantic Air Traffic Services 北大西洋空中交通服务
NAT SPG North Atlantic Systems Planning Group 北大西洋系统规划组
NATCOM National Communications Center, Kansas City, Missouri 国家通信中心(位于密苏里州堪萨斯城)
NATS National Air Traffic Service 国家空中交通服务
NAV Navigation
NAVAID Navigational Aid 导航设施
NAVAID Radio Aid to Navigation 无线电助(导)收设备
NAVD North American Vertical Datum 北美垂直向数据
NCA National Control Authority 国家指挥当局
NAWP National Aviation Weather Processor 国家航空气象处理机
NCC Network Control Center 网络控制中心
NCD No-Computed Data 无算出数据
NCIU NEXRAD communications interface unit 改进型气象雷达通信接口单元
NCP Network Control processor 网络控制处理器
NCS Network Coordinating Station 网络协调台
NDB Nondirectional Radio Beacon 无方向信标
NEAN North European ADS-B Network 北欧ADS－B网络
NEOF National Emergency Operations Facilities 国家应急指挥设施
NEXRAD Next Generation Weather Radar 改进型气象雷达；下一代气象雷达
NGRS National Geodetic Reference System 国家测地参考系统
NGS National Geodetic Survey 国家测地勘察
NICS NAS Interfacility Communications System 国家空域系统设施间的通信系统
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology 国家标准和技术研究所
NLES 导航岸站
NM (NMI) Nautical Mile 海里,节
NMC National Meteorological Center 国家气象中心(美国)
NMCE Network Monitoring and Control Equipment 网络监控设备
NMDPS Network Management Data Process System 网络管理数据处理系统
NMS Navigation Management System 导航管理系统
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 国家海洋和大气局(美国)
NOPAC North Pacific 北太平洋
NOTAM Notice to Airmen 航行通告
NPA Non-Precision Approach 非精密进近
NPDU Network Protocol Data Unit 网络协议数据单元
NPLAS National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems 国家综合航空港系统的计划
NRC National Research Committee 国家科学研究委员会（美国的）
NSAP Network Service Access Point 网络服务访问点
NSB National Secure Bureau 国家保安局（美国的）
NSC Network Service Centre 网络服务中心
NSDU Network Service Data Unit 网络服务数据单元
NSE Navigation System Error 导航系统误差
NSSF NAS Simulation Support Facility 国家空域系统的仿真保障设施
NTLA National Telecommunications Information Agency 国家电信资料署(美国)
NTSB National Transportation Safety Board 国家运输安全委员会(美国)
NWS National Weather Service 国家气象服务(美国)
O
O&M Operation and Maintenance 运行和维修
O.R. Operational Requirement 运营要求
OACC Oceanic Area Control Center 海洋区域管制中心
OAS Obstacle Assessment Surface 障碍物评价面
OAS Oceanic Automation System 海洋自动化系统
OCA Obstacle Clearance Altitude 超障净高度
OCA Oceanic Control Area 海洋管制区
OCH Obstacle Clearance Height 超障高
OCM Oceanic Clearance Message 海洋放行许可信息
OCP ICAO Obstacle Clearance Panel 国际民航组织超障净空专家组
OCS 运行控制系统
OCS Obstacle Clearance Surface 超障面
ODALS Omnidirectional Approach Lighting System 全向进近灯光系统
ODAPS Oceanic Display and Planning System 远洋飞行显示和规划系统
ODF Oceanic Development Facility 海洋开发设施
ODIAC Operational Development of Initial Air-ground data Communications 早期空-地数据通信运行开发
ODL Oceanic Data Link 海洋数据链
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer 原始设备制造商
OFDPS Offshore Flight Data Processing System 近海飞行数据处理系统
OLAN Onboard Local Area Network 机载局域网
OLDI On-line Data Interchange 联机数据交换
OMB Office of Management and Budget 国家管理和预算局(美国)
OMEGA A navigation system that uses two high-powered transmitter grounds stations to broadcast a continuous wave signal. 奥米加导航系统
ODALS Omnidirectional Approach Lighting System 全向进近灯光系统
OOOI Out-Off-On-In 滑出-起飞-接地-停靠门位
OP Operational 运行
OP SUP Operational Supervisor 运营监督
OPMT Operations Planning Management Team 运营规划管理小组
OPTUS Name of one of Australia's Telecommunications Providers 澳大利亚电信业务提供者之一的名字
OR Operational Requirements 运行要求
ORD Operational Readiness Demonstration 运行准备就绪示范
ORI Orientation 面向
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration 职业安全和卫生局(美国)
OSI Open Systems Interconnection 开放系统互联
OSST FAA Oceanic Separation Standard Team 联邦航空局海洋间隔标准小组（美国）
OTA Office of Technology Assessment 技术评估办公室(美国)
OTC Overseas Telecommunications Company 海外通信公司
OTS Organized Track Structure 编组航迹系统
P-Code Precision Code (精)P-码
oxy Oxygen 氧气
P
P 精密码（军用码）
PA Preassignment Arrangement 预先分配
PAC Pacific 太平洋
PACOTS Pacific Organized Track System 太平洋组织的跟踪系统
PANS Procedures for air navigation services 空中航行服务程序
PANS-OPS Procedures for Air Navigation Services-Aircraft Operations 航行服务-航空器运营程序
PANS/RAC Procedures for Air Navigation Services-Rules of the Air Traffic 空中导航服务程序，空中交通服务规则
PAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator 精密进近航道指示器
PAR Precision Approach Radar 精密进近雷达
PATWAS Pilots Automatic Telephone Weather Answering Service 驾驶员电话询问气象的自动回答服务
PCA Positive Control Area 绝对管制区
PCC Pilot Controller Communication 驾驶员管制员通信
PCFL Pre-Cleared Flight Level 预放行高度
PCI Protocol Control Information 协议控制信息
PCM Pulse Code Modulation 脉码调制
P-Code The GPS precision code GPS精密码（军用码）
PCS Power Conditioning System 电力调节系统
PDC Pre-Departure Clearance 起飞前放行许可
P-DME Precision Distance Measuring Equipment 精密测距仪
PDN Public Data Network 公共数据网
PDOP Position Dilution of Precision 位置精度扩散因子
PEDI Planning, Education, Demonstration and Implementation 规划、教育、演示和实施
PER Packed Encoding Rules 分组编码规则
PET Pacific Engineering Trials 太平洋工程试验
PF Position Fix Error 位置固定误差
PFCS Primary Flight Control System 主要飞行控制系统
PFE Path Following Error 路径跟踪误差
PFL Planned Flight Level 计划飞行高度
PHARE Program for Harmonized ATM Research in EUROCONTROL 欧安局空中交通管理研究协调计划
PIAC Peak Instantaneous Aircraft Count 瞬时峰值飞机数目
PIREP Pilot Report 驾驶员报告
PL Psuedolite 伪卫星
PN Pseudo-noise 伪噪音
PNCS Performance Navigation Computer System 导航计算机系统性能
POB Persons On Board 机上人员
POC Proof Of Concept 概念验证
POR Pacific Ocean Region 太平洋区域
PPS Precise Positioning Service 精密定位服务
PR Psuedo-Range 伪距离
PRC Pseudorange Correction 伪距校正
PRE Pseudo-Range Error 伪距误差
PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency 脉冲重复频率
PPI Plan Position Indicator 平面位置显示器
PRM Precision Runway Monitoring 精密跑道监视
PRN Pseudo Random Number 伪随机噪数字
PROFS Program for Regional Observing and Forecasting Services 地区观测和预报服务项目
PRR Pseudo-Range Rate 伪距变化率
PSK Phase Shift Keying 相移键控
PSR Primary Surveillance Radar 一次监视雷达
PSTN Public Switched Telecommunications Network 公共电信交换网
PTR Production Test Requirements 产生测试请求
PTT Push To Talk 按下发话
PTT Post、Telegraph、Telephone 邮政、电报、电话
PUPS Principal User Processor 主要用户处理器
PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit 永久性虚拟电路
PVD Plan View Display 平面图显示器
PVT Position, Velocity, Time 位置、速度、时间
PZ－90 基准坐标系统（俄罗斯）
Q
QAM Quadrate Amplitude Modulation 正交调幅
QC Quality Control 质量控制
QFE Atmospheric Pressure at Aerodrome Elevations or at Runway Threshold 在机场海拨高度或跑道端头的大气压
QNH Altimeter Sub-scale Setting to obtain Elevation when off the Ground 高度表示刻度设置以得到离地时的海拨高 度
QOP Quality Operating Procedures 质量操作程序
QOS Quality-Of-Service 服务质量
QPSK Quadruple Phase Shift Keying 四相相移键控
R
R&D Research and Development 研究和开发
R,E&D Research, Engineering and Development 研究, 工程和开发
RA Resolution Advisory 解脱咨询
RAAS Regional Augmentation System 区域增强系统
RAC Rules of the Air and ATS 空中规则和空中交通服务
RACGAT Russian/American Coordinating Group on Air Traffic Control 空中交通管制俄/美协调组
RADNET Radar Data Network 雷达数据网
RADS Radar Alphanumeric Display System 雷达字母和数字显示系统
RAFC Regional Area Forecast Center 区域预报中心
RAI Radio Altimeter Indicator 无线电高度指示器
RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring 接收机自主完好性监测
RAMP Radar Modernization Project 雷达现代化计划
RAPPS Remote Area Precision Positioning System 边远地区精密定位系统
RAN Regional Air Navigation 区域空中导航
RBDS Radio Broadcast Data System 无线电广播数据系统
RCAG Remote Center Air/Ground communications facility 空对地通信设施的遥控中心
RCC Rescue Coordination Center 援救协调中心
RCCC Regional Communications Control Center 地区通信控制中心
RCE Radio Control Equipment 无线电控制设备
RCF Radio Communication Failure 无线电通信故障
RCF Remote Communications Facility 遥控通信设施
RCL Radio Communications Link 无线电通信链路
RCL Runway Center Line 跑道中心线
RCO Remote Communications Outlet 遥控通信引出线
RCP Required Communication Performance 所需通信性能
R&D Research and Development 研究和开发
RDARA Regional and Domestic Air Route Area 地区和国内航路区
RDF Radar Data Function 雷达数据功能
RDH Reference Datum Height 基准高度
RDMI Radio Distance Magnetic Indicator 无线电距离磁指示器
RDP Radar Data Processing 雷达数据处理
RDPS Radar Data Processing System 雷达数据处理系统
RDS Radio Data System 无线电数据系统
RDSS Radio Determination Satellite Service 无线电测位卫星系统
RDT&D Research, Development, Trials and Demonstrations 研究、开发、试验和演示
RECAP Reliability Evaluation and Corrective Action Program 可靠性评估和修改工作项目
REIL Runway-End Identification Lights 跑道终端识别灯；跑道终端标志灯
RF Radio Frequency 无线电频率
RFI Radio Frequency Interference 无线电频率干扰
RFP Request for Proposal 提案建议
RFTP Request For Technical Proposal 技术建议提案
RFU Radio Frequency Unit 射频组件
RGCSP ICAO Review of the General Concept of Separation Panel 国际民航组织飞行间隔总概念审查专家组
RGIC Ranging GNSS Integrity Channel 全球导航系统完好性信道范围
RGS Remote Ground Station 远端地面站
RHCP Right-Hand-Circular Polarized 右旋圆极化
RLASM Reduced Lateral Separation Minima 减小的最小侧向间隔
RLLS runway lead-in lighting system 跑道引进灯光系统
RLOSM Reduced Longitudinal Separation Minim 减小的最小纵向间隔
R&M Reliability and Maintainability 可靠性和可维护性
RML Radar Microwave Link 雷达微波链路
RMM(S) Remote Maintenance Monitoring System 远端维护监视系统
RMS Reference Monitoring Station 基准监控站
RMS Remote Monitoring Subsystem 远端监视分系统
RMS Root-Mean-Square 均方根值
RMSC RMS Concentrators 远端监视分系统集中器
RNAV Area Navigation 区域导航
RNG Range 距离、范围
RNP Required Navigation Performance 所需导航性能
RNPC Required Navigation Performance Capability 所需要导航性能能力
RNP GM Guidance Material for Required Navigation Performance 所需导航性能指导材料
RO Roll Out 出厂、装备完备
ROB Right Outboard 右（飞机）外侧、右（飞机）机翼翼尖处
ROC Rate Of Climb 爬升率
ROD Rate Of Descent 下降率
RPG Radar Products Generator 雷达分量发生器
RPS Radar Position Symbol 雷达位置符号
RRWDS Radar Remote Weather Display System 雷达远端气象显示系统
RSC Rescue Sub-Center 援救分中心
RSP Required System Performance 所需系统性能
RSS Root-Sum-Square ( root of squares sum) 平方和根值
RSSCD Runway Surface Condition 跑道道面情况
RTA Required Time of Arrival 要求的到达时间
RTCA Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics 航空无线电技术委员会
RTCM Radio Technical Commission for Maritime 海事无线电技术委员会
RTD Research and Technical Development 研究和技术开发
RTDGPS Real-Time DGPS 实时差分全球定位系统
RTI Real-Time Interrogate 实时询问器
RTK Real Time Kinematics carrier tracking 实时动态载波跟踪（技术）
RTR Remote Transmitter/Receiver 远端无线电收/发信机
RTS Request To Send 请求发送
RVR Runway Visual Range 跑道视程
RVSM Reduced Vertical Separation Minima 缩减的垂直间隔最低标准
RVV Runway Visibility Value 跑道能见度值
RWY Runway 跑道
S
S Surveillance 监视
SA Selective Availability 选择可用性
SAR Search And Rescue 搜索与救援
SAR System Analysis Recorder 系统分析记录器
SARPs（SARP） Standard and Recommended Practices 标准和建议措施
SARSR Air route surveillance radar 航路监视雷达
SATCOM Satellite Communication 卫星通信
SCAA 瑞典民航局
SCAT Special Category 特别类型
SCAT-I Special Category-I precision approach 特别Ⅰ类精密进近
SCDU Satellite Control Data Unit 卫星控制数据单元
SCPC single channel per carrier 单路单载波
SCSI Small Computer System Interface 小型计算机系统接口
SD standard deviation 标准偏差
SDM Space Division Multiplex 空分复用
SDM System Definition Manual 系统定义手册
SDMA Space Division Multiple Access 空分多址
SDU Satellite Data Unit 卫星数据组件
SEI System Engineering and Integration 系统工程和集成
SELCAL Selective Calling system 选择呼叫系统
SEP Spherical Error Probability 球形误差概率
SET System Embedded Training 系统附带培训
SICAS Secondary Surveillance Radar Improvements and Collision Avoidance 二次监视雷达改进和防撞系 统（国际民航组织）
SICASP ICAO Secondary Surveillance Radar Improvements and Collision Avoidance Panel 国际民航组织二次监视雷达改进和防撞系 统专家组
SID Standard Instrument Departure 标准仪表离场
SIF Standard Interchange Format 标准相互交换格式
SIGMET Significant Meteorological Information 重要气象信息
SIGWX Significant Weather 重要天气
SITA International Society for Aeronautical Telecommunications 国际航空电信协会
SIU Satellite Interface Unit 卫星接口单元
SLAP Standard Instrument Approach Procedure 标准仪表进近程序
SLS Satellite-based Landing System 星基着陆系统
SM 保密模块
SMC System Management and Communication 系统管理和通信
SMC Surface Movement Control 场面活动管制
SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems 场面活动引导和控制系统
SMMC System Maintenance Monitor Console 系统维护监控台
SMR Surface Movement Radar 场面活动监视雷达
SNOWTAM A special NOTAM for notifying snow. ice etc. 雪情通告
SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio 信噪比
SOIT Satellite Operational Implementation Team 卫星运行实施小组
SOLAS Safety of Life at Sea(IMO standard) 洋区生存安全标准（IMO）
SOP Standard Operating Procedure 标准运行程序
SPDS Space-based Position Determination System 星基位置测定系统
SPS Standard Position Service 标准定位服务
SRADD Software Requirements And Design Description 软件要求和设计描述
SRD System Requirements Document 系统需求文件
SRR Search and Rescue Region 搜寻和援救区
SSALF Simplified Short Approach Lighting System with sequenced Flashing lights 简易短距进近近灯光系统,并有 顺序闪光灯
SSALR Simplified Short Approach Lighting system with Runway alignment indicator lights 简易短距进近灯光系统, 并有跑道对准线指示灯
SSB Single Sideband 单边带
SSF System Support Facility 系统保障设施
SSL System Support Laboratory 系统保障实验室
SSMA Spreaded Spectrum Multiple Access 扩频多址
SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar 二次监视雷达
SSR Mode A/C Secondary Surveillance Radar 二次监视雷达A/C模式
SSR Mode S Secondary Surveillance Radar with Selective Addressing 二次监视雷达S模式（选址模式）
SSSC Single Sideband Suppressed Carrier 单边带抑制载波
SST Supersonic Transport 超音速运输机
STAR Standard Instrument Arrival Routes 标准仪表进场航线
STC Supplementary type certification 补充型号认证
STCA Short Term Conflict Alert 短期冲突告警
STDMA Self- organizing Time Division Multiple Access (datalink) 自组织时分多址
STEP Service Test and Evaluation Program 服务试验和评估项目
STOL Short Take Off and Landing 短距起飞和着陆
STP Standard Temperature and Pressure 标准气温和气压
SV Space Vehicle 空间运载体(卫星)
SVN Space Vehicle Number 卫星号
SVS Synthetic Vision System 综合视景系统
SVU Satellite Voice Unit 卫星话音单元
S/W Software 软件
T
T&E Test and Evaluation 试验和评估
TA Traffic Advisory 交通咨询
TA Transition Altitude 过渡高度
TAA Terminal Advanced Automation 终端高级自动化
TACAN Tactical Air Navigation 战术空中导航（塔康导航系统）
TACS Technical Activities Committee 技术工作委员会
TARTAR Meeting for the planning and coordination of implementation of ATS Routes Through the Airspace of the Russian Federation, including Middle Asia 通过俄联邦包括中亚的ATC航路实施协调和规划会议
TAS True Air Speed 真空速
TBA To be Announced 待发布
TBD To Be Determined 待定
TC Type Certificate 型号认证
TCA Terminal Control Area 终端区
TCAS Traffic (alert and) Collision Avoidance System 交通（告警和）避撞系统
TCASⅠ Traffic (alert and) Collision Avoidance SystemⅠ 一类TCAS（提供告警）
TCASⅡ Traffic (alert and) Collision Avoidance SystemⅡ 二类TCAS（提供告警并提供冲突咨询）
TCC Terminal Control Center 终端管制中心
TCCC Tower Control Computer Complex 塔台管制计算机组
TCH Threshold Crossing Height 跑道入口跨越高度
TCM Technical Coordination Meeting 技术协调会
TCP Transport Control Protocol 运输控制规程(协议)
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internetwork Protocol 传输控制协议/网络间协议
TCS Tower Communications System 塔台通信系统
TCWP Threshold Crossing Waypoint 跑道跨越点
TDLS Tower Data Link System 塔台数据链系统
TDM Time Division Multiplex 时分复用
TDM Track Definition Message 跟踪定义信息
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access 时分多址
TDOP Time Dilution Of Precision 时间精度扩散因子
TDWR Terminal Doppler Weather Radar 终端多普勒气象雷达
TDZ Touch-Down Zone 接地区域
TELCO Telephone Company 电话公司
TERPS Terminal Instrument Procedures 终端仪表程序
TFTS Terrestrial Flight Telephone System 全球飞行电话系统
TGL Touch and Go Landing 连续起落
THR Threshold 跑道入口
TIS Traffic Information Service(uplinking of Mode S data) 交通情报服务（S模式数据上行链）
TKE Track Angle Error 航迹误差
T/L Top-Level 顶层（设计）
TL Transition Level 过渡层(级)
TLS Target Level of Safety 安全目标等级
TMA Terminal Control Area 终端控制区
TMA Terminal Maneuvering Area 终端机动区
TML Television Microwave Link 电视微波链路
TMP Traffic Management Processor 交通管理处理器
TMS Traffic Management System 交通管理系统
TMT 电信移动卫星公司（加拿大）
TMU Traffic Management Unit 交通管理单元
TN 挪威电信公司
TNA Turn Altitude 转弯高度
TNH Turn Height 转弯高
TOC Top of Climb 爬高顶点
TOD Top of Descent 下降极限
TOGA（TO/GA） Take-Off, Go-Around 起飞、复飞
TPX Military beacon system 军用信标系统
T/R Receiver-Transmitter 收发信机
TRACAB Terminal Radar Approach Control in the tower Cab 在塔台舱的终端雷达进近管制
TRACON Terminal Radar Approach Control 终端雷达进近管制
TRACS Terminal Radar and Control System 终端雷达和控制系统
TREAT Trans EUR/ASIA Air Traffic Management Initiative(for FANS-1 Equipped Aircraft ) 跨欧亚空中交通管理启动项目（提供给装备FANS－1的航空器使用）
TRP Mode S Transponder S模式应答器
TRSA Terminal Radar Service Area 终端雷达服务区域
TSC DOT Transportation System Center 运输部运输系统中心(美国)
TSD Traffic Situation Display 交通状态显示器
TSE Total System Error 总系统误差
TSO Technical Standards Order 技术标准指令
TSR Terminal Surveillance Radar 终端监视雷达
TSSF Terminal System Support Facility 终端系统保障设施
TAA Terminal Advanced Automation 终端高级自动化
TV Television 电视
TVOR Terminal VOR 终端甚高频全向信标
TWDL Two-Way Data Link 双向数据链
TWEB Transcribed Weather Broadcast 抄录的气象广播
TWR Tower 塔台
U
UAC Upper Area Control Center 高空区域管制中心
UAR Upper Air Route 高空航路
UAV Uniform Annual Values 年均值
UDRE User Differential Range Error 用户差分测距误差
UDS 国家差分系统
UERE User Equivalent Range Error 用户等效测距误差
UFDR Universal Flight Data Recorder 通用飞行数据记录器
UHF Ultra High Frequency(300-3000MHz) 特高频
UIC Upper Information Center 高空情报中心
UIR Upper Flight Information Region 高空飞行情报区
ULR Ultra Long Range 超远程
UNDP United Nations Development Program 联合国开发计划署
UPS Uninterruptible Power System 不间断供电系统
URA User Range Accuracy 用户测距精度
URE User Range Error 用户测距误差
USAF United States Air Force 美国空军
USCG United State Coast Guard 美国海岸警卫队
UTA Upper Control Area 高空管制区
UTC Universal Time Coordinated 世界协调时
UUHF Ultra High Frequency 超高频
V
V1 Critical engine failure velocity 发动机失效速度
V2 Takeoff climb velocity 起飞爬升速度
VAC Visual Approach Chart 目视进近图
VASI(S) Visual Approach Slope Indicator System 目视进近坡度指示系统
VCS Voice Communication System 话音通信系统
VDL VHF Datalink 甚高频数据链
VDOP Vertical Dilution Of Precision 垂直精度扩散因子
VDR VHF Data Radio 甚高频数据无线电
VFOP Visual Flight Rules Operations Panel 目视飞行规则运行专家组
VFR Visual Flight Rules 目视飞行规则
VHF Very High Frequency(30-300MHz) 甚高频
VHF R/T Very High Frequency Receiver/Transmitter 甚高频收/发信机
V/L VOR/Localizer 全向信标/航向台
VLF Very Low Frequency 甚低频
VMC Visual Meteorological Conditions 目视气象条件
VNAV Vertical Navigation 垂直导航
VNR VHF Navigation Receiver 甚高频导航接收机
VOLMET Meteorological Information for Aircraft in Flight 飞行中的气象信息
VOR VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range(navigation beacon) 甚高频全向信标
VOR/DME A system in which a VOR and DME station are co-located 甚高频全向信标和测距仪合装的台址
VORTAC VOR Co-located with TACAN 甚高频全向信标塔康
VOT VHF Omnidirectional range Test 甚高频全向信标试验
VOX Voice Transmission 话音传输
VRS Voice Response System 话音响应系统
VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal 甚小孔径终端
VSCS Voice Switching and Control System 话音交换和控制系统
VSI Vertical Speed Indicator 垂直<请合法使用软件><请合法使用软件>器
VSM Vertical Separation Minimum 垂直间隔最低标准
VSP Vertical Speed 垂直速度
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio 电压驻波比
VTOL Vertical Take Off and Landing 垂直起飞和着陆
VASI Visual Approach Slope Indicator 目视进近坡度指示器
W
WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System 广域增强系统
WADGPS Wide Area Differential GPS 广域差分全球定位系统
WADS Wide Area Differential System 广域差分系统
WAFC World Area Forecast Center 世界区域预报中心
WAFS World Area Forecast System 世界区域预报系统
WARC World Administrative Radio Conference 世界无线电行政大会
WCP Weather Communications Processor 气象通信处理器
WDI Wind Direction Indicator 风向指示器
WGS World Geodetic Survey 世界测量系统
WGS-72 World Geodetic Survey of 1972 标准测地系统1972年标准
WGS-84 World Geodetic Survey of 1984（Standard Geodetic reference System） 标准测地系统1984年<请合法使用软?t>
WMSC Weather Message Switching Center 气象信息交换中心
WMSCR WMSC Replacement 气象信息交换中心更新
WP Way Point 航路点
WRS Wide-area Reference Station 广域<请合法使用èí?t>站
WS Wind Shear 风切变
WS Wind Speed 风速
WSR Weather Service Radar 气象服务雷达
Wx Weather 气象
WXR Weather Radar 气象雷达
X
XCVR Transceiver 收发信机
XLS Multi-mode Landing System 多模式着陆系统
XMT Transmitter 发射机
XPDR Transponder 应答机
XT(XMTR) Transmitter 发射机
XTK 航迹侧向偏离
Y
YSAS Yaw Stability Augmentation System 偏航稳定增强<请合法使用软件>
YD Yaw Damper 偏航阻尼
Z
Z-Marker Z maker beacon Z指点标
SPECIAL COMMITTEE FOR THE MONITORING AND CO-ORDINATION OF DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSITION PLANNING FOR THE FUTURE AIR NAVIGATION SYSTEM(FANSⅡ) FOURTH MEETING
A Aeroplane (JAR-FCL)
A/C Aircraft NOTE: plural form if "aircraft" takes no "s": aircraft
A/G Air/Ground (Air to ground and v.v.
ACAS Automatic Collision Avoidance System
ACC Area Control Center
ACI Airport Council International
ACT active, activated, activation message
AD Aerodrome
ADCUS Advise customs
ADEP Aerodrome of Departure
ADES Aerodrome of Destination
ADF Automatic Direction Finder
ADIZ Air Defence Identification Zone
ADLP Airborne Data Link Processor
ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance
ADS-A Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Address
ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (see Capstone Test)
ADS-C Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract
AEA Association of European Airlines
AECMA Association Européenne de Construction de Matériel Aéronautique
AFB Air Force Base
AFIS Aerodrome Flight Information Service
AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network
AGA Aerodromes and Ground Aids (AIP)
AGATE Advanced General Aviation Transport Experiments (NASA)
AGL Above Ground Level
AGLO Arbeitsgruppe Luftraum-Organisation
AIC Aeronautical Information Circular
AIM ATFM Information Message
AIP Aeronautical Information Publication
AIRAC Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control
Airport M. Airport Manager (JAR-FCL)
AIS Aeronautical Information Service
ALT Altitude
ALTN Alternate
ALTP Airline Transport Pilot(s Licence)
AMC Airspace Management Cell
AMC Acceptable Means of Compliance
AME Aero Medical Examiner
AME ATM Message Exchange
AMIE AIS Met Information Equipment (Swiss Computer Self Briefing System)
AMS Aero Medical Services
AMSL Above mean sea level
ANM ATFM Notification Message
ANR Air Navigation Routes
ANS Active Noise System
ANS Air Navigation Services
AO Aircraft Operator
AOPA Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association
AOWIR Aircraft Operator WHAT-IF Reroute
APP Approach
ARCID Aircraft Identification
ARINC (former Aeronautical Radio Inc., now just)ARINC (Manufacturer/Standard Setter)
ARN ATS Route Network
ARNS Aeronautical Radio Navigation Services
ARO Air Traffic Services Reporting Office
ARP Airport Reference Point
ARR Arrival
ASAP As soon as possible
ASF Air Safety Foundation (AOPA-USA)
ASM Air Space Management
ASPH Asphalt Runway
ATA Actual Time of Arrival
ATC(U) Air Traffic Control (Unit)
ATE Actual Time Enroute
ATFM Air Traffic Flow Management
ATIR Air Traffic Incident Report ("Near-Miss Report")
ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service
ATM Air Traffic Management
ATPL Airline Transport Pilot ('s Licence)
ATS Air Traffic Services
ATSP Air Traffic Service Provider
AUP Airspace Use Plan
AVGAS Aviation Gasoline (piston aircraft fuel)
AWY Airway
B
BABLW Bundesamt für Betriebe der Luftwaffe
BAZL Bundesamt für Zivilluftfahrt (Swiss CAA)
BBJ Boeing Business Jet
BDY Boundary
BEF Before
BFR Biennial Flight Review (USA)
BFEAA Bureau Fédéral pour Enquètes d'Accidents d'Avions
BFU Büro für Flugunfalluntersuchungen
BRNAV Basic RNAV (RNP-5 compliant)
BSE Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (or: mad cow desease)
C
Crew Office (AIS/MET)
C Celsius (Centigrade)
CAA Civil Aviation Authority (of a country)
CAS Calibrated Air Speed
CASA Civil Aviation Safety Agency (CAA in Australia)
CASA Computer Assisted Slot Allocation
CAT Clear-Air Turbulence
CAT Commercial Air Transport
CAT I Instrument Landing Category I (similar: CAT II, CAT III)
CARD II CNS Applications Research & Development
CAVOK Ceiling and Visibility ok (good VFR weather)
CB Cumulonimbus
CBA Cost-Benefit Analysis
CDR Conditional Route (FUA)
CDTI Cockpit Display of Traffic Information
CEAC Conférence Européenne de l'Aviation Civile (see ECAC)
CFI Certified Flight Instructor (USA)
CFII Certified Flight Instructor IFR (USA)
CFIT Controlled Flight Into Terrain
CFMU Central Flow Management Unit of Eurocontrol
CHF Swiss Francs (Bankers' code)
CIA CFMU Internet Application
CILO Capacity Increase LOwer airspace
CIV Civil
CLR Clearance (or cleared)
CLSD Closed
CNS Communication Navigation Surveillance
CNS/ATM Communication Navigation Surveillance/Air Traffic Management
COM Communications
COPI Co-Pilot
CPDLC Controller-Pilot DataLink Capability
CPL Commercial Pilots Licence
CR Class Rating (JAR-FCL)
CRAM Conditional Route Availability Message
CRCO Central Route Charge Office of Eurocontrol
CRE Class Rating Examiner (JAR-FCL)
CRI Class Rating Instructor (JAR-FCL)
CRS Conditional Route System (FUA: "Temporary Airways" on request)
CSAR CFMU Service Anomaly Report
CTAF Common Traffic Advisory Frequency
CTO Calculated Time Over
CTOT Calculated Take-Off time
CTR Control Zone
CU Cumulus
CUST Customs
CVFR Controlled VFR (still existing in some countries)
CVR Cockpit Voice Recorder
D
DAP Downlink Aircraft Parameter (Mode S Transponder)
dB Decibel
DC Dual Control (JAR-FCL)
DCA Directorate of Civil Aviation
DCT direct
DEG Degrees
DEL Delay/delayed
DEP Departure
DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung AG
DG Director General (or: Direction Générale e.g. EU)
DGNSS Differential GNSS
DGPS Differential GPS
DL Data Link
DLA Delay (Message of an ICAO FPL)
DME Distance Measuring Equipment
DUAT Direct User Access Terminal (US Computer Self-Briefing system)
E
E East
EAA Experimental Aircraft Association
EASA European Aviation Safety Authority (planned to replace JAA)
EATCHIP European Air Traffic Control Harmonization Implementation Project
EATMP European Air Traffic Management Programme (successor of EATCHIP)
EATMS European Air Traffic Management System
EBAA European Business Aviation Association
EC European Commission
ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference ("Association" of Europe's CAAs)
EET Estimated Elapsed Time
EGASF European General Aviation Safety Foundation
EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System
EHS Enhanced Surveillance (Mode S, 2nd step)
ELBA Emergency Locator Beacon-Aircraft
ELEV Elevation
ELS Elementary Surveillance (Mode S, 1st Step)
ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter (crash-activated transmitter)
EOBD Estimated off-block date
EOBT Estimated off-block time
ERA European Regional Airlines Association
ERR Error (Message)
ESA European Space Agency
ETA Estimated Time of Arrival
ETD Estimated Time of Departure
ETFMS Enhanced Tactical Flow Management System
ETO Estimated Time Over
ETOPS Extended Twin-Engine (Overwater) Operations (or: Engines Turn Or Passengers Swim)
ETOT Estimated Take-Off Time
ETSC European Transport Safety Council
EU European Union
EUR European Region
EUROCAE European Organisation for Civil Aviation Electonics
F
F Fahrenheit
F/E Flight Engineer (see also FE)
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FADEC Full Authority Digital Engine Control
FAF Final Approach Fix
FANS Future Air Navigation System (an ICAO project group)
FAR Federal Aviation Regulation (+Number)
FBO Fixed Base Operator
FCL Flight Crew Licensing
FDR Flight Data Recorder
FE Flight Examiner (JAR-FCL)
FI (automatic) Flight Identification (Mode S ELS)
FIC Flight Information Center
FIE Flight Instructor Examiner
FIO Flight Information Office
FIR Flight Information Region
FIS Flight Information Service
FFAS Free Flight Air Space (Eurocontrol Definition)
FL Flight Level, Altitude x100 = feet AMSL (FL 70 = 7000ft) at ISA
FLOS Flight Level Orientation System
FLS Flight Suspension Message
FLT Flight
FM Frequency Modulation
FMD Flow Management Division
FMP Flow Management Position (local Slot coordinator)
FMS Flight Management System
FNM Flight Notification Message
FNPT Flight Navigation and Procedure Trainer (JAR-FCL)
FOCA Federal Office for Civil Aviation (Swiss CAA)
FPD Flight Plan Data
FPL Flight Plan (for ATC)
fpm feet per minute (vertical speed)
FSDO Flight Safety District Office (FAA USA)
FSH Flight Shift Message
FSS Flight Service Station
ft feet (approx 0.3 Meters)
FTD Flight Training Device (lower category "simulator")
FTDT Flight Time & Duty Time
FTO Flight Training Organisation (Flight School)
FUA Flexible Use of Airspace
FVS Fliegerische Vor-Schulung
G
G Acceleration force unit (1G = Earth Gravity)
GA General Aviation (mainly private and business aviation)
GA&AW GA/AW General Aviation and Aerial Work (all non-commercial civil aviation)
GAC General Aviation Center
GAFOR General Aviation Forecast (Weather)
GAL Gallons (usually US 3.78 liter, may be Imperial 4.54 liter)
GAMA General Aviation Manufacturers Association (USA)
GAP General Aviation Propulsion (Program)
GAT General Aviation Terminal
GBAS Ground Based Augmentation System (DGNSS/DGPS/LAAS)
GCA Ground Controlled Approach ("Talk-down")
GEN General
GENDEC General Declaration Customs Form see full size, download zipped form,
GHz Gigahertz (1'000 MHz or 1'000'000'000 Hertz)
GLD Glider
GLONASS Global Orbitting Navigation Satellite System (Russian GNSS)
GLS GPS Landing System
GM-P10 GM=Morocco, P10=Prohibited Area No. 10.
GND Ground
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System (Satellite Navigation in General)
GPA Groupe Parlementaire pour l'Aviation
GPS Global Positioning System (USA GNSS), see also FAA GPS Product Team
GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System
GS Ground Speed
H
H Helicopter (JAR-FCL)
HB- Swiss nationality marks for aircraft registration
HP, hp Horse Power
hPa Hecto-Pascal. Unit to measure pressure (e.g. weather reports)
HDG Heading
HEL Helicopter
HF High Frequency
HJ Operating hours during daylight
HOL Holidays (MON-TUE-WED-THU-FRI-SAT-SUN-HOL)
HP Horsepower
HQ Headquarters
HSI Horizontal Situation Indicator
HX Operating hours on request
H24 Operating 24 hours
I
IACA International Air Charter Association
IAF Initial Approach Fix
IAOPA International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations
IAOPA-EUR IAOPA European Region
IAS Indicated Air Speed
IATA International Air Transport Association
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation (a UN-Suborganisation)
ID Identification
IFPS Initial Flightplan Processing System of Eurocontrol
IFR Instrument Flight Rules ("all" weather operations rules)
IG, IGal Imperial Gallon (4,54 Liter)
ILS Instrument Landing System
IMC Instrument Meteo Conditions (weather requiring IFR flight)
in inch
inHg inches of Mercury (unit of pressure)
INS Intertial Navigation System
IOBD Initial Off-Block Date
IOBT Initial Off-Block Time
IPPL National (ICAO) Private Pilots License (AOPA internal abbreviation)
IR Instrument Rating
IR Infra Red
IRE Instrument Rating Examiner (JAR-FCL)
ISA ICAO Standard Atmosphere ) Both definitions exist.
ISA International Standard Atmosphere ) Unclear which one is correct!
ITU International Telecommunication Union
J
JAA Joint Aviation Authorities (CAA of Europe)
JAR Joint Aviation Requirement
JAR-36 JAR on Aircraft Noise
JAR-FCL JAR on Flight Crew Licensing
JAR-MED JAR on Medical
JAR-OPS 1 JAR on Flight Operations (Commercial Air Transport)
JAR-OPS 2 JAR on Flight Operations (General Aviation and Aerial Work)
JET-A1 Jet Fuel type A1
JPPL JAR-FCL Private Pilots License (AOPA internal abbreviation)
JSA Joint Steering Assembly (JAA)
JURG Joint User Requirement Group
K
kHz Kilohertz (1'000 Hertz)
KIAS knots indicated air speed
KOSIF Koordinationsstelle für Schiess-Informationen (Swiss MIL Shooting)
KTAS knots true air speed
kts knots (1.852 km/h)
L
LAAS Local Area Augmentation System
LAHSO Land And Hold Short Operation (to cross intersecting runway)
LBA Luftfahrt-Bundes-Amt (German CAA)
LDG Landing
LH Lefthand
LI-R5 LI=Italy, R5=Restricted Area No. 5
LLZ Localizer (approach system)
LNAV Lateral Navigation (GLS) Approach
LOC Local, Location, Localizer
LORAN Long Range Navigation
LS-D12 LS=Switzerland, D12=Danger Area No. 12
LT Local Time
M
MAC Mean Aerodynamic Chord
MAP Map section of AIP
MAS Managed Airspace (Eurocontrol Definition for ATM2000+)
MASP Minimum Aviation System Performance
MATZ Military ATZ
MCTR Military CTR
MD Medical Doctor
ME Multi-Engine
MEA Minimum Enroute Altitude
MET Meteo (office, report, service etc.)
METAR Meteorological Actual Report (current weather)
MHz Megahertz (1'000 kHz)
MIL Military
MLS Microwave Landing System
MM Middle Marker
MMR Multi-Mode Receiver
MNPS Minimum Navigation Performance Specifications
MOD Moderate
MOGAS Motor Gasoline (Auto-Gas)
MON Motor Octane Number (aviation fuel rating)
MOT Ministry of Transport
MP Multi-Pilot (JAR-FCL)
MPA Multi-Pilot Aeroplane
MPH Multi-Pilot Helicopter
mph Miles per hour (statute miles, 1.609 km/h)
MSG Message
MSL Mean Sea Level
MTOM Maximum Take-Off Mass
MTOW Maximum Take-Off Weight
M$ Megadollars (1'000'000 US dollars)
N
n/a not available
N North
NAA National Aviation Authority (generic term within JAA)
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Agency (USA)
NAT North Atlantic
NATS National Air Traffic Service (UK)
Navaid Navigation Aid (Ground Radio Station for Navigation)
NAV Navigation
NDB Non Directional Beacon
NEAN North European ADS-B Network
NELS Northwest Europe Loran Steering Committee
NIMBY "Not In My Back-Yard"-Syndrome: "We need an airport but not here"
NIL Nothing, no information
NM Nautical Mile (1.852 km)
NOSAR No Search and Rescue required (Australia)
NOTAM Notice to Airmen
NPA Notice of Proposed Ammendment (JAR)
NPPL National (ICAO) Private Pilots License (AOPA internally used: IPPL)
NTSB National Transport Safety Board (USA)
NVFR Night VFR
NW North-west
O
O/R on request
OACI Organisation de l'Aviation Civile Internationale (voir ICAO)
OAT Outside Air Temperature
OBST Obstacle, obstruction
OBT Off-Block Time
OCD Operational Concept Document
OFAC Office Fédérale de l'Aviation Civile (Swiss CAA)
OM Outer Marker
ONC Operational Navigation Chart
OPIF Operator Interface
OPR Operator
OPS Operations (or Operating hours)
ORGMSG Original Message
ORGN Original
ORGRTE Original Route
ORM Operator Reply Message
P
p/p per person, per passenger
PAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator
PART Pressure Altitude Reporting Transponder
PAX Passenger(s)
PFD Planned Flight Data
PGL Parlamentarische Gruppe für Luftfahrt
PiC, PIC Pilot in Command
PNR Prior Notice Required
POB Persons on Board
PP(L) Private Pilots Licence (general)
PPLA Private Pilots Licence Aeroplane
PPLH Private Pilots Licence Helicopter
PPO Prior Permission Only
PPR Prior Permission Required
PRNAV Precision RNAV (RNP-1 compliant)
PSI Pounds per square inch
PSIA Plan Sectoriel d'Infrastructure Aéronautique
PTOT Provisional Take-Off Time
PVT private
Q
QDR (Q-Code) for Magnetic Homing Track from a Station
QDM (Q-Code) for Magnetic Homing Track to a Station
QFE (Q-Code) for Air Pressure in hPa on Ground (airport elevation) (=>ELEVATION or HEIGHT)
QGO (Q-Code) for Airport Closed
QNH (Q-Code) for Air Pressure in hPa calculated to MSL (=>ALTITUDE)
QTE (Q-Code) for True Track from Station abeam
R
R Rating (JAR-FCL)
R&D Research and Development
RAF Royal Air Force
RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
RBAS Receiver Based Augmentation System (DGNSS/DGPS)
RCA Remote Client Application (CFMU)
REA Ready Message
REGUL Regulation
RF Registered Facility ("national" flight school as per JAR-FCL)
RFI Ready for Improvement Message
RFP Reglement für das Flugpersonal
RH Righthand
RIA Regulatory Impact Assessment
RJT Rerouteing Rejection Message
RM Regional Meeting
RMK Remark(s)
RNAV Area Navigation
RNP Required Navigation Performance
RNP-n accuracy of +/- n NM during 95% of flight must be maintained
RNSS Radio Navigation Satellite Services
ROC Rate of Climb
RON Research Octane Number (Auto fuel rating)
RON Remain Over Night
RPL Repetitive Flight Plan
RPM Revolutions per Minute
RPN Réglement pour le Personnel Navigant
RPPL Restricted PPL
RQP Request Flight Plan Message
RRN Rerouteing Notification Message
RRP Rerouteing Proposal Message
RSO Route per State Overflown
RTA Remote Terminal Application (CFMU)
RTCA (formerly) Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics, now RTCA Inc.
RT(F), R/T Radio Telephony
RUSC RVSM User Support Cell
RVR Runway Visual Range
RVSM Reduced Vertical Separation Minima (1000ft above FL 290)
RW, RWY Runway
RxTx Receiver-Transmitter
S
s/n serial number
SAM Slot Allocation Message
SAR Search and Rescue
SARP Standards And Recommended Practices (usually "Sarps" =plural form)
SAT Saturday (MON-TUE-WED-THU-FRI-SAT-SUN-HOL)
SAT Satellite ...
SATNAV Satellite Navigation (generic)
SB Service Bulletin
SBAS Space Based Augmentation System (DGNSS/DGPS/WAAS/EGNOS)
SC Stratocumuls
SE Single Engine
SFE Synthetic Flight Examiner (NOTE: FLIGHT is synthetic, not the Examiner!) (JAR-FCL)
SID Standard Instrument Departure
SIGMET Significant Meteo (hazardous weather warning)
SIM Simulator
SIL Sachplan Infrastruktur Luftfahrt
SIP Slot Improvement Proposal Message
SIRO Simultaneous Intersecting Runway Operation
SIT Slot Issue Time
SITA Société Internationale de Télécommunication Aérienne
SL Sea Level
SLC Slot Cancellation MEssage
SME Small and Medium Enterprises
SMM Slot Missed Message
SMS Short Message System (Mobile Telephone Feature)
SP Single Pilot
SPA Single Pilot Aeroplane
SPA Slot Proposal Acceptance Message
SPH Single Pilot Helicopter
SPECI Special Report (Meteo)
SR Sunrise
SRJ Slot Improvement Proposal Rejection Message
SRS Standard Routing Scheme (ARN)
SS Sunset
SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar
SST Super Sonic Transport
STAR Standard Arrival
STC Supplemental Type Certificate
STD Synthetic Training Device (JAR-FCL)
STDMA Self-Organizing Time Division Multiple Access (VDL)
SUN Sunday (MON-TUE-WED-THU-FRI-SAT-SUN-HOL)
SURV Surveillance
SWC Significant Weather Chart
SWM SIP Wanted Message
T
t/o take-off
TA Transition Altitude
TACAN Tactical Air Navigation
TACT Tactical System (CFMU)
TAF Terminal Area Forecast (weather forecast)
TAS True Air Speed
TAWS Terrain Awareness and Warning System
TBO Time between overhaul
TCAS Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access (VDL)
TF Task Force
THR Threshold
TIS Time to Insert the Sequence
TKOF Take-Off
TLS Transponder Landing System
TMA Terminal Area
TMG Touring Motor Glider (JAR-FCL)
TNC Tactical Navigation Chart
TPC Tactical Piloting Chart
TR Type Rating (JAR-FCL)
TRE Type Rating Examiner (JAR-FCL)
TRI Type Rating Instructor (JAR-FCL)
TRS Time to Remove from Sequence
TSMO Time since major overhaul
TSO Technical Standard Order
TT Total Time
TTSN Total Time since new
TTSO Total Time since overhaul
TWR Tower (Control Tower)
U
u/s unserviceable
UFN Until Further Notice
UFO Unidentified Flying Object
UHF Ultra High Frequencies (300 MHz-30 GHz)
UL, ULM Ultralight, Ultra-léger motorisé
UMAS Unmanaged Air Space (Eurocontrol Definition)
URB User Relations Bureau (CFMU)
USAF US Air Force
USG, USGal US-Gallon (3.78 Liter)
UTC Universal Time Coordinated
UUP Updated Airspace Use Plan
V
VAL Visual Approach and Landing (Chart)
VAR Variation
VAT Value Added Tax
VDL VHF Data Link (-n = type n)
VFR Visual Flight Rules ("good" weather operations rules)
VHF Very High Frequency (30-300 MHz)
VIS Visual, Visibility
VJAR-FCL Verordnung JAR-FCL (JAR-FCL transformed to Swiss Law)
VLA Very Light Aircraft (Aircraft certification category)
VLA Very Large Aircraft (NATO description for future transport aircraft)
VMC Visual Meteo Conditions ("good" weather for VFR or IFR)
VNAV Vertical Navigation (GLS) Approach
VOR VHF Omnidirectional Radio-Range
VOR/DME Combined VOR and DME radio station
Vso V-Speed-List: Stall Speed in Landing Configuration
W
WA (IAOPA) World Assembly
WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System
WIP Work in Progress
WMO World Meteorological Organisation
WPT Waypoint
WWII 2nd World War
WX Weather
X
XPDR Transponder. Radar-enhancement/datalink box for ATC purposes.
Y
Y2k Year-2000 computer date problem
k=decimal kilo=1000 starting at 1, =1000
often erroneously referred to as:
Y2K which means 2047 (a peculiarity of binary counters), not 2000:
K=binary kilo=1023 starting at 0, =1024
Z
0?
5 by 5 Five by five is an expression used in aviation (and maybe other)
radio communication to indicate the quality and loudness of received voice
transmissions. Rated one to five indicates - first figure - clearness and -
second - loudness. Five by five means that a transmission is received clear
and loud (in clear words usually loud and clear is used...). One by one, on
the other hand, means it can hardly be heard and is not understandable. If
you have a loud but distorted transmission, you may hear two by five, and a
weak but clearly understandable one may be called five by three... The
definition of this must be included somewhere in a radiotelephony document
of ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organisation)
406 MHz Emergency Locater Beacon (or Transmitter) on 406 MHz Frequency
8.33 (kHz) Communication Frequences with 8.33 kHz channel spacing
80/87 AVGAS of 80 (best mixture)/87 octane (full rich mixture)
82UL AVGAS of 82 (best mixture) octane (approx 90 octane full rich) unleaded
91/96UL AVGAS of 91 (best mixture)/96 octane (full rich mixture) unleaded
100/130 AVGAS of 100 (best mixture)/130 octane (full rich mixture)
100LL AVGAS of 100 (best mixture)/130 octane (full rich) low lead (=most used)
Voice Spelling Alphabet
ALFA BRAVO CHARLY DELTA ECHO FOXTROTT GOLF
HOTEL INDIA JULIET KILO LIMA MIKE NOVEMBER
OSCAR PAPA QUEBEC ROMEO SIERRA TANGO UNIFORM
VICTOR WHISKY X-RAY YANKEE ZULU
EXAMPLE: Echo X-ray Alfa Mike Papa Lima Echo.
FPL Codes Equipment Codes to be used in FPL NAV/COM/APP SUR/CAP Letter current use proposed use Letter current use proposed use A RNAV A XPDR Mode A XPDR Mode A B FMS single B C LORAN-C LORAN-C C XPDR Mode A+C XPDR Mode A+C D DME DME D ADS ADS E FMS dual E FMS F ADF ADF F G GPS GNSS G GNSS H HF HF H I INS (?) INS I J Datalink Datalink J K MLS K MLS L ILS ILS L M MMR MMR M N no equipment N O VOR VOR O P GPS P Q Glonass Glonass Q R RNAV R(n) RNP RNP n=1+9 S S(n) XPDR Mode S XPDR Mode S n=1+9 T TACAN TACAN T(n) ACAS ACAS n=1+9 U UHF UHF U V VHF VHF V(n) RVR RVR n=1+9 W W RVSM RVSM X X MNPS Y 8.33kHz Y 8.33kHz Z other equipment Z other equipment
ACCIDENT
An occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight and until such time as all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers death or serious injury or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage.
AIR CARRIER
A person who undertakes directly, by lease, or other arrangement, to engage in air transportation.
AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE (ADIZ)
The area of airspace over land or water, extending upward from the surface, within which the ready identification, the location, and the control of aircraft are required in the interest of national security.
1. Domestic Air Defense Identification Zone - An ADIZ within the United States along an international boundary of the United States.
2. Coastal Air Defense Identification Zone - An ADIZ over the coastal waters of the United States.
3. Distant Early Warning Identification Zone (DEWIZ) - An ADIZ over the coastal waters of the State of Alaska.
ADIZ locations and operating and flight plan requirements for civil aircraft operations are specified in FAR Part 99.
AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTER (ARTCC) OR CENTER
A facility established to provide air traffic control service to aircraft operating on IFR flight plans within controlled airspace and principally during the en route phase of flight. When equipment capabilities and controller workload permit, certain advisory/assistance services may be provided to VFR aircraft.
AIR TAXI
An aircraft operator who conducts operations for hire or compensation in accordance with FAR Part 135 in an aircraft with 30 or fewer passenger seats and a payload capacity of 7,500 pounds or less. An air taxi operates on an on demand basis and does not meet the "flight scheduled" qualifications of a commuter.
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL (ATC)
A service operated by the appropriate authority to promote the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of air traffic.
AIRPORT
An area on land or water that is used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft and includes its buildings and facilities, if any.
AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER (ATCT)
A terminal facility that uses air/ground communications, visual signaling, and other devices to provide ATC services to aircraft operating in the vicinity of an airport or on the movement area. Authorizes aircraft to land or takeoff at the airport controlled by the tower or to transit the Class D airspace area regardless of flight plan or weather conditions (IFR or VFR). A tower may also provide approach control services (radar or nonradar).
AUTOMATIC TERMINAL INFORMATION SERVICE (ATIS)
The continuous broadcast of recorded noncontrol information in selected terminal areas. Its purpose is to improve controller effectiveness and to relieve frequency congestion by automating the repetitive transmission of essential but routine information; e.g., "Los Angeles information Alfa. One three zero zero Coordinated Universal Time. Weather measured ceiling two thousand overcast, visibility three, haze, smoke, temperature seven one, dew point five seven, wind two five zero at five, altimeter two niner six. ILS Runway Two Five Left approach in use, Runway Two Five Right closed, advise you have Alfa."
CEILING
The heights above the earth's surface of the lowest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena that is reported as "broken," "overcast," or "obscuration," and not classified as "thin" or "partial".
CENTER
An Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC). See Air Route Traffic Control Center.
CERTIFICATED AIRPORT
An airport operating under FAR Part 139. The FAA issues airport operating certificates to all airports serving scheduled or unscheduled air carrier aircraft designed for more than 30 passenger seats. Certificated airports must meet minimum safety standards in accordance with FAR Part 139.
CLASS G AIRSPACE (UNCONTROLLED AIRSPACE)
The airspace not designated as Class A, B, C, D or E.
COMBINED CENTER/RAPCON (CERAP)
An air traffic facility which combines the functions of an ARTCC and a radar approach control facility.
COMMON TRAFFIC ADVISORY FREQUENCY (CTAF)
A frequency designed for the purpose of carrying out airport advisory practices while operating to or from an airport without an operating control tower. The CTAF may be a UNICOM, Multicom, FSS, or tower frequency and is identified in appropriate aeronautical publications. (Refer to AC 90-42)
COMMUTER
An air carrier operator operating under 14 CFR 135 that carries passengers on at least five round trips per week on at least one route between two or more points according to its published flight schedules that specify the times, day of the week, and places between which these flights are performed. The aircraft that a commuter operates has 30 or fewer passenger seats and a payload capability of 7,500 pounds or less.
CONTROLLED AIRSPACE
An airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic control service is provided to IFR flights and to VFR flights in accordance with the airspace classification. Controlled airspace is a generic term that covers Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, and Class E airspace. Controlled airspace is also that airspace within which all aircraft operators are subject to certain pilot qualifications, operating rules, and equipment requirements in FAR Part 91 (for specific operating requirements, please refer to FAR Part 91). For IFR operations in any class of controlled airspace, a pilot must file an IFR flight plan and receive an appropriate ATC clearance. Each Class B, Class C, and Class D airspace area designated for an airport contains at least one primary airport around which the airspace is designated (for specific designations and descriptions of the airspace classes, please refer to FAR Part 71.
Controlled airspace in the United States is designated as follows:
1. CLASS A (formerly PCA -Positive Control Area)
generally, that airspace from 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL) up to and including flight level (FL) 600 (60,000 feet pressure altitude) , including the airspace overlying the waters within 12 nautical miles of the coast of the 48 contiguous States and Alaska. Unless otherwise authorized, all persons must operate their aircraft under IFR.
2. CLASS B (formerly TCA Terminal Control Area)
Generally, that airspace from the surface to 10,000 feet mean sea level (MSL) surrounding the nation's busiest airports in terms of airport operations or passenger enplanements. The configuration of each Class B airspace area is individually tailored and consists of a surface area and two or more layers (some Class B airspace areas resemble upside down wedding cakes), and is designed to contain all published instrument procedures once an aircraft enters the airspace. An ATC clearance is required for all aircraft to operate in the area, and all aircraft that are so cleared receive separation services within the airspace. The cloud clearance requirement for VFR operations is "clear of clouds."
3. CLASS C (formerly ARSA Airport Radar Service Area)
Generally, that airspace from the surface to 4,000 feet above the airport elevation (charted in mean sea level (MSL)) surrounding those airports that have an operational control tower, are serviced by a radar approach control, and that have a certain number of IFR operations or passenger enplanements. Although the configuration of each Class C area is individually tailored, the airspace usually consists of a surface area with a 5 nautical mile (NM) radius, an outer circle with a 10 nm radius that extends from 1,200 feet to 4,000 feet above the airport elevation and an outer area. Each person must establish two-way radio communications with the ATC facility providing air traffic services prior to entering the airspace and thereafter maintain those communications while within the airspace. VFR aircraft are only separated from IFR aircraft within the airspace.
4. CLASS D (formerly ATA Airport Traffic Area and CZ Control Zone)
Generally, that airspace from the surface to 2,500 feet above the airport elevation (charted in mean sea level (MSL)) surrounding those airports that have an operational control tower. The configuration of each Class D airspace area is individually tailored and when instrument procedures are published, the airspace will normally be designed to contain the procedures. Arrival extensions for instrument approach procedures may be Class D or Class E airspace. Unless otherwise authorized, each person must establish two-way radio communications with the ATC facility providing air traffic services prior to entering the airspace and thereafter maintain those communications while in the airspace. No separation services are provided to VFR aircraft.
5. CLASS E (formerly General Controlled Airspace)
Generally, if the airspace is not Class A, Class B, Class C, or Class D, and it is controlled airspace, it is Class E airspace. Class E airspace extends upward from either the surface or a designated altitude to the overlying or adjacent controlled airspace. When designated as a surface area, the airspace will be configured to contain all instrument procedures. Also in this class are Federal airways, airspace beginning at either 700 or 1,200 feet AGL used to transition to/from the terminal or enroute environment, enroute domestic, and offshore airspace areas designated below 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL). Unless designated at a lower altitude, Class E airspace begins at 14,500 feet mean sea level (MSL) over the United States, including that airspace overlying the waters within 12 nautical miles of the coast of the 48 contiguous States and Alaska, up to, but not including 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL), and the airspace above flight level (FL) 600.
DECISION HEIGHT (DH)
With respect to the operation of aircraft, means the height at which a decision must be made during an ILS, MLS, or PAR instrument approach to either continue the approach or to execute a missed approach.
DELAY
Delays are incurred when any action is taken by a controller that prevents an aircraft from proceeding normally to its destination for an interval of 15 minutes or more. This includes actions to delay departing or enroute, or arriving aircraft as well as actions taken to delay aircraft at departing airports due to conditions en route or at destination airports.
DEPARTURES
The number of aircraft take-offs actually performed in domestic and international scheduled and non-scheduled passenger/cargo and all-cargo revenue services.
DOMESTIC OPERATIONS
Operations within and between: the 50 states of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands, Canadian transborder operations, and (for certain carriers) Mexican transborder operations.
EN ROUTE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SERVICES
Air traffic control services provided aircraft on IFR flight plans, generally by centers, when these aircraft are operating between departure and destination terminal areas. When equipment, capabilities, and controller workload permit, certain advisory/assistance services may be provided to VFR aircraft.
ENPLANEMENT
A revenue passenger boarding an aircraft.
FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION (FAR)
14 CFR FAR Part 91 - General Aviation (portions apply to all operators)
14 CFR FAR Part 103 - Ultralight Vehicles
14 CFR FAR Part 105 - Parachute Jumping
14 CFR FAR Part 108 - Airplane Operator Security
14 CFR FAR Part 119 - Certification: Air Carriers and Commercial Operators
14 CFR FAR Part 121 - Domestic, Flag and Supplemental Air Carriers and Commercial Operators of Large Aircraft
14 CFR FAR Part 123 - Travel Clubs
14 CFR FAR Part 125 - US Civil Airplanes, seating 20 or more passengers or a maximum payload capacity 6,000 pounds or more.
14 CFR FAR Part 127 - Air Carriers using helicopters for scheduled interstate flights (within the 48 contiguous states)
14 CFR FAR Part 129 - Foreign Air Carrier and Foreign Operators of US registered aircraft engaged in common carriage
14 CFR FAR Part 133 - Rotorcraft External Load Operations
14 CFR FAR Part 135 - Air Taxi Operators and Commercial Operators
14 CFR FAR Part 137 - Agricultural Aircraft Operations
14 CFR FAR Part 141 - Pilot School
where
CFR - Code of Federal Regulation
FERRY FLIGHT
A flight for the purpose of:
1. Returning an aircraft to base.
2. Delivering an aircraft from one location to another.
3. Moving an aircraft to and from a maintenance base.
Ferry flights, under certain conditions, may be conducted under terms of a special flight permit.
FLIGHT LEVEL (FL)
A level of constant atmospheric pressure related to a reference datum of 29.92 inches of mercury. Each is stated in three digits that represent hundreds of feet. For example, flight level 250 represents a barometric altimeter indication of 25,000 feet; flight level 255, an indication of 25,500 feet.
FLIGHT PLAN
Specified information relating to the intended flight of an aircraft that is filed orally or in writing with an FSS or an ATC facility.
FLIGHT SERVICE STATION (FSS)
Air traffic facilities which provide pilot briefing, enroute communications and VFR search and rescue services, assist lost aircraft and aircraft in emergency situations, relay ATC clearances, originate Notices to Airmen, broadcast aviation weather and NAS information, receive and process IFR flight plans, and monitor NAVAIDs. In addition, at selected locations, FSSs provide Enroute Flight Advisory Service (Flight Watch), take weather observations, issue airport advisories, and advise Customs and Immigration of transborder flights.
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA)
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) allows all U.S. citizens and residents to request any records in possession of the executive branch of the federal government. The term "records" includes documents, papers, reports, letters, films, photographs, sound recordings, computer tapes and disks. An object that cannot be reproduced is not considered a record in this case. The federal FOIA covers the President's cabinet agencies, independent agencies, regulatory commissions and government-owned corporations. Congress is exempt, as are federal court and state and local governments. Some states and municipalities have laws modeled after the federal FOIA. The federal act includes nine exemptions that agencies may claim as a basis for withholding information. An administrative appeal can be filed that argues for disclosure based on benefits to the public vs. privacy. If a good argument is made, appellate reviewers may waive an exemption.
GENERAL AVIATION
That portion of civil aviation which encompasses all facets of aviation except air carriers holding a certificate of public convenience and necessity from the Civil Aeronautics Board and large aircraft commercial operators.
GYROPLANE
A rotorcraft whose rotors are not engine-driven, except for initial starting, but are made to rotate by action of the air when the rotorcraft is moving; and whose means of propulsion, consisting usually of conventional propellers, is independent of the rotor system.
HELICOPTER
A rotorcraft that, for its horizontal motion, depends principally on its engine-driven rotors.
HOURS FLOWN
The airborne hours in domestic and international scheduled and non-scheduled revenue service, computed from the moment an aircraft leaves the ground until it touches the ground again.
IFR AIRCRAFT/IFR FLIGHT
An aircraft conducting flight in accordance with instrument flight rules.
INCIDENT
An occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations.
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULE (IFR)
A set of rules governing the conduct of flight under instrument meteorological conditions.
INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS (IMC)
Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from clouds, and ceiling less than minima specified for visual meteorological conditions.
INSTRUMENT OPERATIONS
Arrivals or departures of an aircraft in accordance with an IFR flight plan or special VFR procedures or an operation where IFR separation between aircraft is provided by a terminal control facility. There are three kinds of instrument operations:
1. Primary Instrument Operations: arrivals and departures at the primary airport which is normally the airport at which the approach control facility is located.
2. Secondary Instrument Operations: arrivals and departures at airports other than the primary airport.
3. Overflights: operations in which an aircraft transits the area without intent to land.
MILES FLOWN
The miles (computed in airport-to-airport distances) for each inter-airport hop actually completed in domestic and international revenue services, scheduled and non-scheduled. In cases where the inter-airport distances are inapplicable, aircraft miles flown are determined by multplying the normal cruising speed for the aircraft type by the airborne hours.
NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM (NAS)
The common network of US airspace; air navigation facilities, equipment and services, airports or landing areas; aeronautical charts, information and services; rules, regulations and procedures, technical information, and human resources and material. Included are system components shared jointly with the military.
NDB
An L/MF or UHF radio beacon transmitting nondirectional signals whereby the pilot of an aircraft equipped with direction finding equipment can determine his bearing to or from the radio beacon and "home" on or track to or from the station. When the radio beacon is installed in conjuncion with the Instrument Landing System marker, it is normally called a Compass Locator.
NEAR MIDAIR COLLISION (NMAC)
An incident associated with the operation of an aircraft in which the possibility of a collision occurs as a result of proximity of less than 500 feet to another aircraft, or a report is received from a pilot or flightcrew member stating that a collision hazard existed between two or more aircraft.
Degree of Hazard (NMAC)
Critical: A situation in which collision avoidance was due to chance rather than an act on the part of the pilot. Less than 100 feet of aircraft separation would be considered critical.
Potential: An incident which would probably have resulted in a collision if no action had been taken by either pilot. Closest proximity of less than 500 feet would usually be required in this case.
No hazard: A situation in which direction and altitude would have made a midair collision improbable regardless of evasive action taken.
NON-SCHEDULED SERVICE
Revenue flights, such as charter flights, that are not operated in regular scheduled service and all nonrevenue flights incident to such flights.
OPERATIONAL DEVIATION (OD)
An occurrence where applicable separation minima, as referenced in the operational error definition below were maintained, but: (1) less than the applicable separation minima existed between an aircraft and protected airspace without prior approval, (2) an aircraft penetrated airspace that was delegated to another position of operation or another facility without prior coordination and approval, (3) an aircraft penetrated airspace that was delegated to another position of operation of another facility at an altitude or route contrary to the altitude or route requested and approved in direct coordination or as specified in a Letter of Agreement, pre-coordination or internal procedure, (4) an aircraft, vehicle, equipment, or personnel encroached upon a landing area that was delegated to another position of operation without prior coordination and approval.
OPERATIONAL ERROR (OE)
An occurrence attributable to an element of the air traffic control system which results in less than the applicable separation minima between two or more aircraft, or between an aircraft and terrain or obstacles as required by Handbook 7110.65 and supplemental instructions. Obstacles include vehicles/equipment/personnel on runways, or aircraft lands or departs on a runway closed to aircraft operations after receiving air traffic authorization.
PILOT DEVIATION (PD)
The actions of a pilot which result in the violation of a Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) or a North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) tolerance.
PILOT IN COMMAND
The pilot responsible for the operation and safety of an aircraft during flight time.
POSITIVE CONTROL
The separation of all air traffic within designated airspace by air traffic control.
RADAR APPROACH CONTROL FACILITY (RAPCON)
A terminal ATC facility that uses radar and nonradar capabilities to provide approach control services to aircraft arriving, departing, or transiting airspace controlled by the facility. This facility rovides radar ATC services to aircraft operating in the vicinity of one or more civil and/or military airports in a terminal area. The facility may provide services of a ground controlled approach (GCA); i.e., ASR and PAR approaches. A radar approach control facility may be operated by FAA, USAF, US Army, USN, USMC, or jointly by FAA and a military service. Specific facility nomenclatures are used for administrative purposes only and are related to the physical location of the facility and the operating service generally as follows:
Army Radar Approach Control (ARAC) (Army)
Radar Air Traffic Control Facility (RATCF) (Navy/FAA)
Radar Approach Control (RAPCON) (Air Force/FAA)
Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) (FAA)
Tower/Airport Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) (FAA). (Only those towers delegated approach control authority)
REVENUE
Pertaining to activities for which remuneration is received by the carrier.
ROTORCRAFT
A heavier-than-air aircraft that depends principally for its support in flight on the lift generated by one or more rotors. Includes helicopters and gyroplanes.
RUNWAY INCURSION
Any occurrence at an airport involving an aircraft, vehicle, person, or object on the ground that creates a collision hazard or results in loss of separation with an aircraft taking off, intending to take off, landing or intending to land.
SCHEDULED SERVICE
Transport service operated pursuant to published flight schedules, including extra sections and related nonrevenue flights.
SEPARATION MINIMA
The minimum longitudinal, lateral, or vertical distances by which aircraft are spaced through the application of air traffic control procedures.
SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE (SUA)
Airspace of defined dimensions identified by an area on the surface of the earth wherein activities must be confined because of their nature and/or wherein limitations may be imposed upon aircraft operations that are not a part of those activities. Types of special use airspace are:
a. Alert Area - Airspace which may contain a high volume of pilot training activities or an unusual type of aerial activity, neither of which is hazardous to aircraft. Alert Areas are depicted on aeronautical charts for the information of nonparticipating pilots. All activities within an Alert Area are conducted in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations, and pilots of participating aircraft as well as pilots transiting the area are equally responsible for collision avoidance.
b. Controlled Firing Area - Airspace wherein activities are conducted under conditions so controlled as to eliminate hazards to nonparticipating aircraft and to ensure the safety of persons and property on the ground.
c. Military Operations Area (MOA) - An MOA is airspace established outside of Class A airspace area to separate or segregate certain nonhazardous military activities from IFR traffic and to identify for VFR traffic where these activities are conducted. (Refer to AIM)
d. Prohibited Area - Airspace designated under part 73 within which no person may operate an aircraft without the permission of the using agency. (Refer to Enroute Charts, AIM)
e. Restricted Area - Airspace designated under FAR Part 73, within which the flight of aircraft, while not wholly prohibited, is subject to restriction. Most restricted areas are designated joint use and IFR/VFR operations in the area may be authorized by the controlling ATC facility when it is not being utilized by the using agency. Restricted areas are depicted on enroute charts. Where joint use is authorized, the name of the ATC controlling facility is also shown. (Refer to FAR Part 73 and AIM)
f. Warning Area - A warning area is airspace of defined dimensions extending from 3 nautical miles outward from the coast of the United States, that contains activity that may be hazardous to nonparticipating aircraft. The purpose of such warning area is to warn nonparticipating pilots of the potential danger. A warning area may be located over domestic or international waters or both.
TERMINAL RADAR SERVICE AREA (TRSA)
Airspace surrounding designated airports wherein ATC provides radar vectoring, sequencing, and separation on a full-time basis for all IFR and participating VFR aircraft. Service provided at a TRSA is called Stage III Service. TRSA's are depicted on VFR aeronautical charts. Pilot participation is urged but is not mandatory.
TURBOJET AIRCRAFT
An aircraft having a jet engine in which the energy of the jet operates a turbine which in turn operates the air compressor.
TURBOPROP AIRCRAFT
An aircraft having a jet engine in which the energy of the jet operates a turbine which drives the propeller.
ULTRALIGHT VEHICLE
An aeronautical vehicle operated for sport or recreational purposes which does not require FAA registration, an airworthiness certificate, nor pilot certification. They are primarily single occupant vehicles, although some two place vehicles are authorized for training purposes. Operation of an ultralight vehicle in certain airspace requires authorization from ATC.
VEHICLE/PEDESTRIAN DEVIATION (VPD)
An entry or movement on an airport movement area by a vehicle operator or pedestrian that has not been authorized by air traffic control (includes aircraft operated by a non- pilot).
VISUAL FLIGHT RULE (VFR)
Rules that govern the procedures for conducting flight under visual conditions (VMC). The term is also used in the United States to indicate weather conditions that are equal to or greater than minimum VFR requirements. In addition, it is used by pilots and controllers to indicate a type of flight plan.
VISUAL METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS (VMC)
Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from clouds, and ceiling equal to or better than specified minima.
VOR
A ground-based electronic navigation aid transmitting very high frequency navigation signals, 360 degrees in azimuth, oriented from magnetic north. Used as the basis for navigation in the National Airspace System. The VOR periodically identifies itself by Morse Code and may have an additional voice identification feature. Voice features may be used by ATC or FSS for transmitting instructions/information to pilots.
A AC - Advisory circular. A/C - Airconditioning Unit ACARS - Airline communications and reporting system. AD - Airworthiness Dirctive. Maintenance or modification ordered by FAA. ADC - Air Data Computer ADF - Automatic Direction Finder ADI - Attitude direction indicator ADS - Automatic dependent surveillance. AES - Aircraft Earth station. AFCS - Automatic flight control system. AFD - Adaptive flight displays. AFDS - Autopilot flight director system. AFIS - Automated flight information system (AlliedSignal) AHRS - Attitude-heading reference system. AI - Altitude indicator aileron - A small hinged portion of an airplane's wing, used to make an airplane roll, or turn around its long axis. air data - Values cmputed from pitot, static and temperature measurements, usually by means of a digital computer; ARINC 575 defines outputs. airfoil - A surface, such as an airplane wing, shaped to produce more lift than resistance when driven through the air. All-weather fighter - A radar-equipped jet fighter airplane which can operate at night or in the worst weather. All-weather interceptor - A radar-equipped jet fighter airplane which can operate at night or in the worst weather. AM - Amplitude modulation. AME - Aviation Medical Examiner (U.S.) AMLCD - Active-matrix liquid crystal display. Annual - Mandatory inspection of airframe and powerpland that occurs every 12 months. AOA - Angel-of-attack AP - Auto Pilot APR - Auxiliary Power Reserve APU - Auxiliary power unit ARINC - Aeronautical Radio, Inc. A nonprofit corporation owned by member airlines to define form, fit and function of avionics equipment and to provide radio communication services. ARINC 419 - Digital information transfer characteristics as applied in ARINC 500-series equipment specifications. ARINC 547 - Digital specification for ILS reference sensors. ARINC 561 - Inertial navigation system specifications. ARINC 568 - Inertial sensor DME reference specification. ARINC 571 - Inertial sensor attitude-heading reference system specifications. ARINC 575 - Digital air-data system specifications. ARINC 700-series - All-digital equipment specifications for new-generation transport category aircraft. ARINC 743 - All-digital specificaitons for FANS-1 compatibilty. ASA - Autoland status annunciator. ASCB - Avionics standard communication bus (Honeywell) A/T - Auto throttle. ATC - Air Traffic Control. The people in control towers (at airports that have them) to regulate takeoffs, landings, and planes moving through their general area. ATI and ATR - ARINC from factors. ATM - Air traffic management. ATP - Airline Transport Pilot (the "highest" grade of pilot certificate) Audio Panel - Electronic device used to switch between radios. Autogyro - An aircraft equipped with a rotating wing, or rotor, to sustain itself in the air, and a propeller to move forward. AUX Fuel - Auxiliary fuel tanks. AWACS - Airborne Warning And Control System. An electronically very souped-up Boeing 707.
B Barnstormer - A pilot who, in the early years of aviation, gave airplane rides to people and performed aerobatics for a fee. Basic Operating Weight (BOW) Empty weight typically equipped + unusable fuel and trapped liquids + 2 pilots (400 lbs.) + supplies. BCD - Binary coded decimal. Beam width - The included angel of a weather radar interrogation signal. Bendix - Avionics mfgr. BITE - Built-in test equipment. Bleed Air - High pressure air ducted from engine to pressurize cabin and other uses. Boeing -``The Boeing Company, with headquarters in Seattle, Washington, U.S., is the world's leading manufacturer of commercial airplanes and one of the nation's largest exporters. The company is a major U.S. government contractor, with capabilities in space systems, helicopters, military airplanes, missile systems, information and electronic systems and software products.'' Boots - Inflatable device on leading edge of wings and tail. Used to remove ice. Bracing wire - A solid steel wire used to support the structure of an airplane's wings or fuselage. BRG - Bearing. BSU - Beam steering unit.
C CAB - Civilian Aviation Board. Cabin pressurization - A mechanism used to maintain air pressure in an airplane's sealed cabin at a level suitable for passengers. Canard - An airplane designed to have its normal horizontal tail surface on the front rather than the rear of its fuselage. Caster - To swivel or rotate slightly. Category I (CAT I) - An ILS facility providing operation down to a 200 foot decision height and an RVR of not less than 2,400 feet. Category II (CAT II) - An ILS facility providing operation down to a 100-foot decision height and an RVR of not less than 1,200 feet. Category IIIa (CAT IIIa) - An ILS facility providing operation with no decision height to and along the surface of the runway with external visual reference during the final phase of landing and with an RVR of not less than 7000 feet. Category IIIb (CAT IIIb) - An ILS facility providing operation with no decision height limit to and along the surface of the runway without reliance on external visual reference and, subsequently, taxiing with an external RVR of not less than 150 feet. Category IIIc (CAT IIIc) - An ILS facility providing operation with no decision height limit to and alsont the surface of the runway and taxiways without reliance on external visual reference. CAVU - Ceiling And Visibility Unlimited. Perfect flying weather -- no major clouds, no major haze. CD-ROM - Compact disc read-only memory. CDU - Control-display unit. Centre-pod configuration - A type of airplane whose fairly short fuselage is not connected to the tail surfaces. CESC - Cescom Maintenance Program. CFI - Certified Flight Instructor. (see also certificate suffixes) CMOS - Complementary metal oxide semiconductor. CMU - Communications management unit. CNS - Communications, navigation and surveillance. Coherent detection - A technique used in certain ADF receivers to improve useful range. Collins - Avionics mfgr. COM - Communications. Comosite video - Analog VOR receiver output before processing. CONT - Teledyne-Continental (engine mfgr.) Contact digitizer - A mechanical device that converts analog information to digital codes by means of electrical contacts. Cowling - A removable metal covering placed over and around an airplane's engine(s). C/R - Counter-rotating propellers. Cross-over exhaust - A mechanism through which the exhaust from one side of an inline engine is carried to the other. CRT - Cathode ray tube. CSDB - Commercial standard data bus. CVR - Cockpic Voice Recorder. Device that records crew conversations. Used in accident investigations. CW - Continuous wave. A radio carrier broadcast that does not have modulation. Cycles - Pertaining to turbine engines. Cycle begins with starting, continues through full-power, and ends with shutdown.
D DA - Drift angle. DADC - Digital air-data computer. dB - Decibel. DG - Directional gyro. DGPS - Differential global positioning system. LA- prefix refers to local area DGPS; WA- prefix refers to wide-area DGPS signal retransmission schemes. Digitizer - Any electronic device capable of converting information to a digital format; usually refers to encoding devices that convert sensed altitude into a transponder code. DME - Distance Measuring Equipment. DP - Deal Pending. DR - Ded (deduced) reckoning. drms - Distance root mean squared. DTK - Desired track. DTU - Data transfer unit. Duplex - Separate channels for transmitting and receiving.
E EAROM - Electrically alterable read-only memory, a type of digital memory device. EEPROM - Electrically erasable programmable read-only-memory. EEVIP - Early Extended Validation Integration Program. An FAA program, first implemented for the Boeing 777, to give ``out-of-the-box'' ETOPS clearance to a new plane, rather than waiting for a couple of years of domestic service experience. EFIS - Electronic Flight Instrument System EGT - Exhaust gas temperature indicator. EICAS - Engine indicating and crew alerting system. Elevator - A small control surface hinged to the rear of the horizontal stabilizer and used to tilt an airplane up or down. encal - Encoding Altimeter Encoder - Displays aircraft's altitiude on ground-based radar screens. Engine cowl - A removable metal covering placed over and around an airplane's engine. EROS - Brand Name for Oxygen Mask ETOPS - Extended Twin-engine operations. FAA designation of over-ocean flights far from possible emergency landing strips, in which the possibility of engine failure in a twin-engine plane represents a heightened risk. ETOPS certification is not normally given to a new passenger aircraft until it has been in regular domestic service for at least a year.
F FAA - Federal Aviation Administration. FADEC - Full authority digital engine control. Fairing - A section of aircraft surface, or an attached structure, designed to reduce drag. For example, the contoured sheet metal where wing meets fuselage. FAR - Federal Aviation Regulations (U.S.) FAR 36 Noise Levels - In order to meet FAR 36 Stage 3 requirements, the maximum noise level permitted is: *Take Off 89.0 EPNdB *Sideline 94.0 *Approach 98.0 FDE - Fault detection and exclusion (GPS) FDR - Flight Data Recorder FDS - Flight Director System FFON - Flight Phone Flare - The point where an airplane floats above the runway just before touchdown. Flight Data Recorder - Electronic device that records aircraft maneuvers. Used in accident investigations. Flight Phone - Air-to-ground telephone system. FM - Frequency modulation. FMCS - Flight management computer system. FMS - Flight Management System FOG - Fiber-optic gyro. Forward elevator - A control surface used to tilt an airplane up or down and mounted on the front rather than the rear of an airplane. Full De-ice - Complete anti - and/or de-ice equipment installed on wings, tail, props, and windsheild. Full Panel - All gyros necessary for instrument flight.
G Galley - On-board meal service equipment. Gas discharge - A type of luminescent digital display. GCR - Ground clutter rejection. GE - General Electric. They make aircraft engines. GLU - GNSS landing unit. Provides precision GPS guidance to the runway in Category III operations. GNSS - Global navigation satellite system. Gold Crown - Trade name owned by King Radio Corp. GPADIRS - Global positioning, air data, inertial reference system. GPS - Global positioning system. GPWs - Ground Proximity Warning System Ground Air - A/C unit to cool aircraft while on the ground. GS - Groundspeed. G/S - Glide slope reciver and indicator. GTWO - Gross Take off Weight
H HF - High Frequency radio equipment. HF COM - High Frequency Communication. HIRF - High intensity radiated field. HP - Horsepower. HPA - High-power amplifier. HUD - Head-up display. Hz or Hertz - Cycles per second, used to describe radio frequencies; usually with the prefix k for kilo (one thousand), M for mega (one million) or G for giga (one billion).
I IAC - Integrated avionics computer. Central processor of a Honeywell integrated cockpit system. IAPS - Integrated avionics processing system. Central processor of a colins integrated cockpit system. IFR - Instrument Flight Rules. An Instrument Rating is further training after a Pilot's license to allow pilots to fly in bad weather. The pilot has been trained to not merely fly by instruments alone, but also to understand the Air Traffic Control system, because an IFR flight is continuously monitored by ATC, radar, flight following, and a dozen other agencies. ILS - Instrument Landing System. In-line engine - An engine in which the cylinders are mounted in a straight line or else in two, connected at an angle. INS - Inertial Naviagation System INT - Interior. ITC - Investment tax credit. ITU - International Telephone Union, refers to certain HF channels. IVSI - Instantaneous vertical speed indicator.
J Jet Prop - Describes aircraft using turbine engines to drive propellers.
K King - King Radio Corp. (Avionics mfgr.) Known Icing - FAA certified for flight into icing conditions.
L Laser IRS - An inertial reference system deriving angular rate information by measuring Doppler shift between two contra-rotating light beams. Lateral control - The ability to make an airplane roll, or turn around its long axis, according to its pilot's wishes. L-band - A radio frequency between 890 and 1550 MHz. LCD or LC - Liquid-crystal display. Leading and trailing edges- The foremost and rearmost edges of a wing. LED - Light-emitting diode. LMB - Light marker beacon. LNAV - Lateral navigation guidance. LOC - Localizer receiver and indicator. Looks per minute - Scanning or sweep rate of a wather radar antenna. LOP - Line of position. Loran-C - Hyperbolic grid navigation system based upon measured time differences (TD) from pulse transmissions. LRT - Long range fuel tanks. LRU - Line replaceable unit. LYC - Avco-Lycoming (Engine mfgr.)
M Maximum Payload = Maximum Zero Fuel Weight - (minus) Basic Operating Weight MCU- Minimum configuration unit. MDAU - Maintenance data acquisition unit. MDH - Major damage history. MFD - Multifunction display. The third or fifth tube in an EFIS, it replaces the weather radar screen and displays radar data, navigation maps, checklists and other information. Microline - Trade name owned by Collins. MNPS - Minimum navigational performance specificaitons. MLS - Microwave Landing System Mode- A - A transponder which does not give the controllers altitude information Mode-C - A transponder and encoding altimeter which together give air traffic controllers altitude information Mode-S - A transponder which features unique identification per unit, the potential for low-speed up and down datalinks, and "selective interrogation" triggered by ground facilities MOH - Major overhaul. MOPS - Minimum operational performance standard (RTCA) MSP - Maintanance Servie Program. (Garret engine)
N NARA - NARA is a professional trade association of 54 reputable business companies organized to promote the growth and public understanding of the aircraft resale industry. Its members abide by a 12-point Code of Ethics that provides standards of business conduct regarding aircraft transactions. NAT - North Atlantic Tracks. Nautical Mile - Measurment of distance. Equals 1.15 statute miles. NAV - Navigation Receivers NAV/COM - Navigation and communication radios combined in a single unit. NBAA IFR Fuel Reserves = Fuel for go-around at destination airport + climb to 500 ft. and hold for 5 minutes + fly to and land at alternate airport 200 NMi. away + fuel to hold at 5000 ft. for 30 minutes. NDB - Non-Directional Beacon - an older type of electronic navigation aid, basically a low-power AM radio station NMS - Navigation management system. NMU - Navigation management unit. NTSB - National Transportation Safety Board. Investigates airplane accidents. Plays at most an advisory role in flightworthiness accreditation. NVM - Nonvolatile memory. Digital memory that retains information through system shutdown.
O OAT - Outside Air Temperature. OBS - Omnibearing Selector - part of a VOR receiver system, which allows the pilot to select a course to or from a VOR station OFUELWT - Zero Fuel Weight. OH - Overhaul. Omega - A very-low-frequency navigation system. Opitcal digitizer - Any device using a photosensor that can convert analog informatin to digital code. OXY - Oxygen system for passengers and crew.
P Payload with Full Fuel = Useful Load - (minus) Usable Fuel PBH - Power by the Hour. (Rolls Royce engines) PC - Positive Control. (Trade name for Mooney Aircrft wing leveler) PAR - Precision Approach Radar - a ground-radar based instrument approach which provides both horizontal and vertical guidance Peak power output - The maximum transitter power output measured over a short time; usually used to rate pulse transmissions. PEP - Peak envelope power. A standard electronic rating of any AC source, including a radio transmitter. PNT - Paint port - Nautical usage adopted in aviation. The left side, as determined by an observer in the vehicle, when vehicle and observer are right side up, and observer is looking ``forward'' (in the normal direction of travel of the vessel or vehicle). PSI - Pounds per square inch. PTT - Push-to-talk (switch) Pulse - A transmission of very brief duration used to carry information by using time measurement or as a series of pulses representing code. PVT - Private (pilot certificate) (see also certificate suffixes) PW - Pratt & Whitney, the world's leading designer, developer and manufacturer of gas turbine engines for commercial, military and general aviation aircraft.''
Q
R RA - (1) Radio altitiude; (2) Resolution advisory (TCAS) radal - Radio Altimeter Radar - On-board weather radar. Radar Altimeter - Device that senses aircraft's height above the terrain. Different from normal (barometric) altimeter. Radome - A detachable nose cone made of plastic-type material, used to cover and protect an airplane's radar antenna. RAIM - Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (GPS) RAM - Random access memory. Ramjet - A type of jet engine with very few moving parts which consists of a specially shaped tube open at both ends. Rate of roll - A measure of the speed with which an airplane can turn around its long axis, or roll. RCA - Avionics mfgr. RCU - Radio control unit. Reversers - System for braking aircraft during landing roll. RFU - Radio frequency unit. RG - Retractable landing gear. RMI - radio magnetic indicator - an ADF-like display with a pair of pointers which might be attached to either VOR or ADF receivers RNAV - Area navigation device. RNP - Required navigation performance. ROM - Read-only memory. RR - Rolls Royce makes engines for a variety of aircraft, including the Boeing 777 and Airbus 330. RT - Receiver-transmitter combined in a singel line-replacable unit. RTCA, Inc. - An association of U.S. governmental and industry aeronautical organizations dedicated to advancing aeronautics through consensus and recommendations. Runway XX - Runways are numbered after magnetic compass points, minus the 1's column (where North is 0, and 360, degrees). RVSM - Reduced Vertical Seperatation Minimum
S SAR - Search and rescue. Satcom - Satellite communications system. SDU - Satellite data unit. SELCAL - Selective Calling system (used primarily with HF) Service ceiling - The altitude above sea level beyond which an airplane can no longer climb more than 30 m(100 ft) per minute. SHP - Shaft horsepower. (refers to turbine engines.) Silver Crown - Trade name owned by King Radio. Simplex - Single frequency for both transmitting and recieving in communications; generally implies a push-to-talk function and verbal procedures. Slaved compass - North-seeking gyro-stabilized compass system. Technically superior to DG. slip - A way to lose altitude in a hurry (on purpose), or slide into a final approach during a heavy wind. The technique is to put nearly full rudder in one direction, and then bank in the opposite. This keeps the plane almost level, except pointing to one side. SMOH - Since major overhaul. SMPI - Time Since Major Periodic Inspection SN - Serial Number. Spar - A principal section of the wing structure of an airplane, going from tip to tip. Sperry - Avionics mfgr. SPOH - Since prop overhaul. Squawk - A 4-digit (actually 4-octal-digit -> 12-bit) number which is set into a transponder by the pilot to identify the aircraft to air traffic controllers Squitter - The transmission of a specified reply format at a minimum rate without the need to be interrogated (transponders) SSB - Single sideband. A highly efficient form of radio transmission wherein information is carried on a sideband instead of the center carrier in order to gain range performance; usually used in HF communication transceivers. SSCVR - Solid state cockpit voice recorder. stall - The point at which wings fail to generate enough lift to keep the plane stable. starboard - Nautical usage adopted in aviation. The right side, as determined by an observer in the vehicle, when vehicle and observer are right side up, and observer is looking ``forward'' (in the normal direction of travel of the vessel or vehicle). STC - (1) Supplemental Type Certificate. (2) Sensitivity-time compensation. In weather radar, a technique and circuit for calibrating a display. STOL - Short takeoff and landing ability. sumps - Points underneath each fuel tank to test for contamination like water or other debris. Supercharged - Method for increasing engine power. Synchro - Any device capable of converting mechanical position into an analog electronic signal. Synthesizer - Frequency synthesizer, an electronic circuit capable of generating multiple frequencies from a single crystal oscillator. Swept-wing - A wing in which both the leading and trailing edges are slanted backward, to reduce air resistance at high speed. synch - Engine Fan Synchronizer
T TA - Traffic advisory (TCAS) TBO - Time between overhaul TCAS - Traffic Collison Avoidance System. TCAS-I provides warnings (TAs) of other nearby aircraft; TCAS II provides warnings and resolutions advisories (RAs), and coordinates RAs with other TCAS II equipped aircraft via Mode S transponder. TKE - Track error. T/Rs - Thrust Reversers Trend Monitoring - Continuous computerized observation of turbine engine performance. Used to detect early sings of wear. TSC - Total Time Since CORE TSN - Time Since New (also TTSN) TSO - Technical standard order. A performance specification and production compliance criteria applied to avionics and defined by FARs and the RTCA. TT - Total Time Airframe TTG, TTS or TTW - Time to go, time to station, time to waypoint. Turbo prop - Is said of an airplane powered by a type of jet engine, the turbo prop, equipped with a turbine-driven propeller. Turbulence mode - Flight control system mode in which a "softer" response to gust upsets is programmed. TX - Transponder
U Undercarriage strut - A part of an airplane's structure, designed to resist distortion, which supports the landing gear. Usable Fuel (lbs) = Usable fuel (gallons) x 6.7 lbs/gallon Useful Load = Maximum Ramp Weight - (minus) Basic Operating Weight UTC - Universal Coordinated Time.
V VAC - Volts alternating current. VDC - Volts direct current. VFR - Visual Flight Rules. Private Pilots start as VFR certified. This means that, in most cases,they must have about 3 miles of visibility, be 500 feet below clouds, 1000 feet above clouds, and/or 2000 feet next to clouds at a bare minimum. Unless they have an Instrument Rating (and all the associated control along with that...see IFR), they are required to avoid all clouds and weather. VHF - Very High Frequency radio equipment. VLF - Very Low Frequency VNAV - Vertical navigation, or the capability to compute pitch-axis maneuvers and altitude-related points in space. VOR - VHF Omnidirectional Receiver. One of the more common navigational aids that the FAA has dropped all over the country (and sometimes the world). A VOR sends out a radio signal that is slightly different in each direction (the difference is phase, if you want to get technical). So, an airplane's VOR tool listens to the VOR, and by measuring the difference in the radio, it can tell which direction it is from the VOR. Since your chart will show where the VOR is, and you now know where you are in relation to the VOR, it has helped you figure out where in the local area you might happen to be.
W WAAS - GNSS wide-area augmentation system. wet wings - Method for containing fuel in wings without using rubber fuel cells. wing fence - Term preferred by Airbus and McDonnell-Douglas aircraft manufacturers for the vertical structures at the outside ends of the wings of some of their jets. More at winglet. winglet - Term preferred by Boeing for the vertical structures at the ends of the wings on their 747-400. Airbus and McDonnell-Douglas aircraft manufacturers use the term ``wing fence.'' The 747-400 winglets only rise from the end of the wing. MD-11 and Airbus wing fences extend both above and below the wing. WPT - Waypoint.
X xpond - Transponder X-band - Frequency range in which most general aviation weather radars operate. XTK - Cross track; cross track error.
Y
Z 有飞行术语2吗？
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