飞行术语1

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（Engine）High Stage （发动机）高压级 （QRH）（Safety belts and shoulder belts）Fastened (安全带/肩带)锁定 " {' w* p4 ?& Q0 \4 L2 u（Switch）Guarded (电门)保险 （Wiper）Park (风挡雨刷)止动 （英文）%N1 N1% Active 有效 Actual Navigation Performance（ANP）参见RNP 实际导航性能 . [* c% d* {2 L3 k& A. \) u9 w/ cADF 自动定向仪（可直接引用，但说明性的语言中需中文全称） ADF approach NDB 进近 2 i1 r' X5 z' hADI/HSI 姿态指示器/水平状态指示器（不可直接引用） Air Conditioning Set 空调调定 1 o2 D2 r) {9 E/ @; e( bAir Systems 气源系统 , k( v3 c% R2 { r' j& b; U3 `* DAirspeed Bug Set 空速游标调定 Ajustment 修正值，而非“修正量” p1 u3 e7 f' iAlert 警戒 Alone Track/Cross Track 沿航迹/水平航迹 Alpha vanes 迎角探测器 , m5 J _% Y4 x% L& Z; lAltitude Acquire 高度获得 " [3 ~8 `8 l5 h, {8 o4 VAltitude Capture 高度截获 Annunciator 显示牌 Anti-skid 防滞刹车 APU 辅助动力装置（可直接引用，但说明性的语言中需中文全称） APU Electrical Load APU电气负载 + W) D2 _( r: v4 j* f7 H0 c; u3 v6 w, zAPU generator control breaker APU发电机控制断路器 Arcing （风挡）电蚀 1 m1 X. e$ s* [0 |, D; JArrival Procedure 进场程序 As required,as desired 按需 $ N x7 X6 @5 ^! d- E$ N5 hAsymmetry/Disagreement 不对称/不一致 ! f8 j1 J6 P H2 j& OATA/RTA/ETA 实际到达时间/所需到达时间/预计到达时间 ATC 空中交通管制（可直接引用，但说明性的语言中需中文全称） 9 P8 I" E/ Y5 s" O$ HAural Warning 声响警告 Auto Throttle 自动油门 + y0 O% ^2 O, e" Z5 T8 cAutomatic Generator On-Line Feature 发电机自动接通功能 Auto-Restow Circuit 自动回收电路 Balance Tab 配平（片） Bank Angle Selector 坡度选择电门 3 T9 Y. O* T. b+ [( _ OBleed Trip Off 引气跳开 - U! ]& L ?. r8 U5 j$ tBlowout Panel （驾驶舱）应急板 - N- A$ F" Q u$ g! y7 ABug/Cursor 指令游标/游标 Bus tie breaker 汇流条连接断路器 Bus Tie Breaker (Btb) 汇流条连接跳开关 4 d# W. B+ ]( n& e1 y8 l' M/ gButton 电门/按钮 Cabin Altitude 机舱高度 4 k9 ?+ x- b _% F1 \2 e9 u) hCall for checklist 下达检查单指令，而非“口令” Call Out 喊话/报告 Callout(s) 喊话（程序） CDS (Common Display System) 共用显示系统 Certified ceiling 飞行升限 Chime 谐音 * [* z' K" a0 u' V3 vCompact Mode 密集方式 Confidence Test 可靠性测试 Configuration 形态/布局 Control Column 驾驶杆 Control Wheel 驾驶盘 " x6 w3 L- `# x+ y2 _( ZControls And Indicators 控制和指示（标题） + S) P! y) k, K2 N) s" vCross Bleed Start 交输引气起动 " w7 f1 r4 l: H2 ^Cross Bus Tie Relay 汇流条连接继电器 Cross-Track Deviation 水平航迹偏离 P4 J; Y9 Z& ^% t v7 i# `CWS 驾驶盘操纵（不可直接引用） ( A' U: u9 u: Y' m8 z [Data link 数据链 DC Meters Selector 直流表选择电门/直流电源指示器选择电门（-700） Default 默认值 Degraded N1 Limit 减功率N1限制 Departure Procedure 离场程序 8 V+ d( R# ?" Z1 PDescription 说明 0 n, D. u: O/ n( i% l% `Detent 卡位 Diffuser 扩散口 DME 测距机（可直接写英文，但说明性的语言中需中文全称） Downlink 下行（数据链） ' H6 Z+ ~) k2 n3 l& cDownpath 下游航径 Drip stick “滴漏式”油尺 EEC 发动机电子控制 + Y; z7 T$ a0 ]EICAS 电子指示和机组警戒系统（不可直接引用） ) _* D$ W G8 x$ @% yElectrical hydraulic pump 液压电动泵 ' [9 s+ ], q- m1 xElectrical Power 电源 + d4 w2 G6 F: X- O. ^' \* zElectrical Systems 电气系统 2 z: s& {$ I$ I. b5 `5 uELT 紧急定位发射器 h4 O& c4 D& [% X* W5 [Engine fire warning switch 发动机火警电门 ( z' `0 U. R$ y3 x: s: ~EPR 保留英文，不必译出 - ~3 F4 O$ Y0 h3 m/ C+ o4 v6 E3 p0 eExterior Door 外部舱门 / p& J2 e4 p- z3 oF/O Sliding Window 副驾驶活动风挡 0 n5 Y% V6 v) l% K$ @1 FFailure 失效 % u, K4 h+ k% }. |! L& ]4 \2 BFailure Flag 故障旗/故障显示 C J$ U8 y0 w) b2 B" G1 qFasten seat belts./No smoking. 系好安全带。/禁止吸烟。 Fasten seatbelt 系紧安全带 0 Y/ V* x/ e+ Z. u0 ]3 TFF/ENG 燃油流量/发（一台） & z! G/ h/ \" }7 B3 H x, ?3 JFire 火警 * m1 @+ F/ c3 z: q5 PFlap Gate 襟翼手柄卡口 : [8 N) \# |1 `* u2 P2 yFlaps Up Speed 光洁速度 Flap-up maneuvering speed 光洁状态机动速度 Flight Crew/Cabin Crew/Crew 飞行组/乘务组/机组（总称） Flight Director 飞行指引 Flight patterns 起飞着陆结构剖面 Float stick “浮子式”油尺 ( J8 A* c( ?# y' r8 v2 m% PFMC/CDU 飞行管理计算机/控制显示组件（QRH中可不译，OM中需写中文全称） Foot level grill 地板格栅 + W$ }1 z% w& bFuel rose navigation mode 全导航方式 ! W) }* U, N1 Z0 `5 lFueling station 加油台 : ], i/ Y( w! h o5 `Full rose navigation mode 全导航方式 General(Information) 概述 + ]! k$ k0 \! s, m: X; @9 zGoverned speed 额定速度 , z5 {* ~; D- o& |Halon (BCF) Fire Extinguisher 海伦（BCF）灭火瓶 ( }# d# u2 W L8 J5 j: y ?! yHatch 舱盖 Horizon 水平线，而非“地平线” 1 K# G" ?9 I- H; ~% zHorn 喇叭 However, 但 ! J1 O1 j$ w9 j! g) q% ?, z! m7 pILS 仪表着陆系统(不要译成“盲降”) （可直接写英文，但说明性的语言中需中文全称） 0 d: n8 @3 k+ b8 C; p- j# MImpact Fittings 保护件 Indication 指示 Indicator 指示器 / l F/ Y# n1 a8 F$ c! v9 b/ eInner/Outer Knob 内/外旋钮 Inoperative 不工作 Integrated Drive Generator (IDG) 整体驱动发电机 3 `3 X" Z& q2 ^) l ~Intentional Blank 空白 ( O) d/ l. P z& q+ NIntersection Takeoff 联络道口（位置）起飞 ( e" H7 N0 i7 P: ~( _ r: Q. p3 TIntroduction 介绍 9 h' N! L1 g" O& |5 lIRS 惯性基准系统（QRH中简称“惯导”，OM中需写中文全称） ISA Deviation 国际标准大气偏离 / v9 V7 h6 _3 O6 h, ^% c# }Land at nearest suitable airport 就近合适的机场着陆 Lavatory 盥洗室 & u3 S3 R4 O6 U+ M2 YLevel flight 水平飞行，而非“平飞” light 指示灯 Light(s) 指示灯 " O8 G+ D1 p( U0 |Lighting 照明 LNAV/VNAV 水平导航/垂直导航（不可直接引用） 3 W s( G k" \! s; _* F' U9 w$ |) KLoc course ILS航道 Localizer/Course 航向道/航道 - A3 v* U! }/ q4 `( DMach 马赫数 " s7 d! J- U5 A7 MMain Panel Display Unit Selector 主面板显示组件电门 Malfunction 故障 , S7 C0 L3 ?! A; o) Q: m% ]Manual Reversion 人工恢复 . M3 f: X% h0 }) l, `; L2 O! g( vMarker 游标 ; F1 d7 w) p. }. I7 oMaster Caution 主注意 Master Warning 主警告 Maximum Certified Thrust 最大验证推力 ) F. i' e7 i6 W# fMCP 方式控制面板/MCP（面板） MCP Mode Selector Switch 方式控制面板方式选择电门 Message Recall 信息再现 8 W, A" q/ w( K. Q0 NMic / Microphone / Boom Mic 麦克风/吊杆话筒 7 b- O5 V: H! d. KMic Selector 麦克风电门 Momentary Action 瞬时动作 Nav Aids / Nav Stations 助航设备/导航台 Needle Split 指针偏离（襟翼不对称时出现） Nose Wheel Steering 前轮转向 Off Scale 偏离刻度 Offscale 范围之外 . t; s) o. S; D: K, K1 ?Offset （水平）偏离 Offset page 平行航路页面 On-Line 接通（状态） Operating Altitude 使用高度 Out Of Trim 配平失效 Outflow Valve 排气活门 Overboard Exhaust Valve (-700新增) 机外排气活门 ( M( D* g6 r5 @4 R. i4 Z& bOverview 概况 Pack Trip Off 组件跳开 Packs/Pumps （尽量翻译准确，有时可只译单数形式） " A4 S! M& S: K2 y X U4 w7 r7 l9 } OParking Brake Set 停留刹车提起 ; [- `6 W% ^# B8 k$ E/ u2 UPatches of slush 半融雪为堆状 ) @0 m1 t' e4 ~) [' `# WPath 航径 PBE 保护性呼吸装置 Pitot static system 皮托静压系统 Placard 标牌 Power Loss 失去电源 7 n, J- G& m( e1 Y7 A; x* w" G2 nPower Remove 电源关断 Preface 前言 + d( ]: w% a" W) H/ T0 @Preflight 飞行前 1 c. y2 \% g' y" p; V! k7 p; p0 IPressure altitude 压力高度 3 J8 I; ^: S+ bProbe 探头 6 _6 i+ |! S! t [) l* w% A, gProduction Flight Test 出厂试飞 Proximity Switch Electronic Unit (Light) 近地电门电子组件（指示灯） . ~4 W; [! y: P* P7 v/ ^4 sQFE/QNH 场压/海压（需写中文全称） + I b% l1 g5 w* w: d. U- cRead 阅读，而非“读” Recall 再现 Regulator 调节器 & z. u8 B: T# V# W( n0 ` Q y/ p5 vRemote APU fire warning horn 机外APU火警喇叭 Required Navigation Performance（RNP）参见ANP 要求的导航性能 5 f0 E5 J7 z2 z* b) TReverse Thrust 反推 , k% p9 y/ `+ p1 N/ [Reverser Sleeve 反推套筒 $ t/ [' R2 {% ~Riser 升压器 ( F- U" M5 `# i3 f" t/ kRotary Switch 旋转电门 Rotate 抬前轮 RTO 中断起飞/起飞中断 / v$ H: {: B S7 n; `! a; d# ^) o6 @3 LRudder ratio changer 方向舵比调节器 $ J W& z, i+ I9 R+ R& G, FRVSM 缩小垂直间隔标准 6 b: ]3 y+ I' V& ISelcal system 选呼系统 Selector 选择电门 ; `8 G5 i7 n6 M* f) ]5 fSet Airspeed Bug 调定空速游标 , @) ]8 l) a$ p5 fSet Parking Brake 提起停留刹车 Set Thrust 调定推力 $ S8 A( v0 B) ]6 }# pSign 信号（灯）；标示 & V2 ^* S, L: G% KSleet 冻雪 Sling-type carrying strap 便携式提带 2 g9 W( @* W" [ T; MSlip/Skid 外侧滑/内侧滑 # }) o+ |1 g) l! i6 t9 y! uSlippery runway 湿/滑跑道 Slush 半融雪 Some degree of sanding 平铺 & T3 B3 a. S/ p V! l5 wSpeaker 扬声器 ' {7 F" Q' Y( A/ P) xSpeed Brake 减速板（地面）/扰流板（空中） 0 I* q7 ?1 ^# ?2 c2 v0 L" s/ LSpeed Reference Selector 速度基准电门 v, O! P- X$ M# b% a/ ?6 zspinner 进气锥 S$ M! ^- n ~: D/ ]5 F; ~! ?Spoiler 扰流板 Spoiler Mixer 扰流板混合器 3 \; b! W. o* o9 DStandard day 标准日天气 6 H- C5 { A3 ?4 x$ x" c3 ]1 TStandby horizon indicator 备用姿态指示器 , I: j! c7 b( M" S/ dSwitch 电门 Synchronization Shaft Lock 同步轴锁 System Description 系统说明 " J1 Q7 R6 P0 F& o/ k! X1 @TA 咨询通告 & z' h2 F1 a" Q* T( K% QTakeoff Briefing……Review 起飞简令……预习 " s0 j' Z) h3 F* r2 JTaxi In 滑入（机坪） 8 X/ |* n$ [ w) K3 \$ L4 O0 DTCAS 活动警戒和避撞系统（可直接引用） - d4 B9 K* D# b- ]* [& TTest 测试 ' l5 H8 m& ^/ T6 H9 o3 M, w# uThrottle 油门/推力手柄 * V- O/ \% R5 U' |3 }% h1 NThrust 推力 Thrust Lever 推力手柄 3 X8 T% d/ k( s) |9 U: ?% l6 J/ ^Thrust lever……close 推力手柄……慢车 Thrust Set 推力调定 Time Critical Warning 时限警告 TO/GA 起飞/复飞（需写中文全称，不可直接引用） Tone 音调 ; c9 h2 M- l& K4 |" o6 _4 iTrim Air 调节空气 2 @" k/ U# Q$ c7 V \9 oTrue Winds 真风向/风速 2 u; {$ A/ A0 [/ ~Unannunciated Checklists 非显示检查单 + K, N5 m8 z4 u1 S8 I% R$ z: |Uplink 上行（数据链） + X- [3 N# F1 }3 ]) sUpset recovery 不明状态改出 Vertical angle 垂直角 ' l; S* ^% Z+ B1 A! hVertical Speed Rate 垂直速率 0 o. E/ X+ T/ ^VHF 甚高频（需写中文全称） % m1 V) A1 s Y1 S) c) lVnav cruise and path descent profile 垂直导航巡航和航径下降剖面 " J6 K% k; Y9 ?3 q6 W) \VOR/NDB VOR/NDB（可直接引用） Vref 参考速度/ Vref * U. C) D+ ~. h( [& i4 Y7 GWater Basin 洗漱池 Wet snow 湿雪 Wing-body overheat 翼/身过热

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AVIATION GLOSSARY A * I, i$ B' w( V" f7 {0 v" t6 TA&E Architectural and Engineering 建筑和工程 . e y) F) y) p( k2 P A-BPSK Aviation-Biphase Shift Keying 航空两相相移键控 , M# s, Z$ F( Y4 T7 i) XA-QPSK Aviation-Quadriphase Shift Keying 航空四相相移键控 / e A8 R" G5 Z" U; {" N& [% _ A/G Air-to-Ground 空对地 0 b5 o+ m4 `) I# q5 O( yAAC Aeronautical Administrative Communication 航空行政通信 : `# z7 ]% @9 m! h2 d( e8 PAAC Airline Administrative Control 航空公司行政管理 1 T! e. t( ]. f4 T' ]- N0 a AAC Aeronautical Advisory Council 航空咨询委员会 - X }8 j7 H9 C3 M/ E1 E6 n2 Y AAIM Aircraft Autonomous Integrity Monitor 飞机自治完好性监控 7 Y" H* T7 C5 Y5 \1 D# G/ hAARS Automatic Altitude Reporting System 自动高度报告系统 * p- S6 ?* L4 [: b. W1 n( h % m: I% P: M$ NAAS Advanced Automated System 先进自动化系统 AAS Aeronautical Advisory Station 航空咨询电台 AAS Airborne Antenna System 机载天线系统 ! W* m9 u5 O9 b. J3 `. H3 x" N; e* f AASR Airport and Airways Surveillance Radar 机场和航路监视雷达 AATS Advanced Automation Training System 先进自动化培训系统 2 P, I" M. P% [) \0 m G- E" u AAD Assigned Altitude Deviation 指定高度偏差 & C1 p% j. W' Q2 z+ a. U- v& PABE ARINC 429 Bus Emulator ARINC 429 总线仿真器 ABI Advanced Boundary Information Message 高级边界信息报文 4 M9 w- b! y$ ~; s8 Z' IABPS airborne beacon processing system 机载信标信息处理系统 ' s! w9 {' I" EABPSK Aeronautical Binary Phase Shift Keying 航空双相移键控 1 p. B9 x. w, ^2 a/ k& K6 E$ I: } A/C Aircraft 飞机 AC Advisory Circular 咨询通报 ' Z: ^; a L: ?8 X& A) ^. n7 e ACA Aeronautical Communication Architecture 航空通信结构 3 T7 k+ @" ^& Z' ZACARS Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System 飞机通信寻址和报告系统 ' U# _! F- t2 _ ! l+ v% D& Q9 M7 i% ?/ f+ cACARS ARINC Communications Addressing and Reporting System ARINC通信寻址和报告系统 9 V5 K1 R* I1 }& u. I 8 Z9 I3 @% e+ U1 CACAS Airborne Collision Avoidance System 机载（避）防撞系统 ( X2 c2 k; f; y2 }3 T" k 9 q* Z7 E9 o- F4 ` ]ACC Area Control Center 区域管制中心 - G0 |" S' ]3 ?5 q4 v# ~6 j# b1 } ACCC Area Control Computer Complex 区域管制计算机网 % f( _% c. @2 `9 k( v ACCTS Aviation Coordinating Committee for Telecommunication Services 航空电信服务协调委员会 . p2 u( L. R4 w; n# l/ _" N7 lACF Area Control Facility 区域管制设施 ( A$ R) W/ O& m# U# p + d9 ?3 C1 v( u" ^. T3 BACID Aircraft Identification 飞行器识别标志 8 y! I% H& B& \ }( K2 W! H0 z# t 7 H3 h' e" y3 K7 ?9 \. p9 I0 mACK Acknowledgment 认可 ACLS Automatic Control and Landing System 自动控制和着陆系统 + u) U: b3 T. }1 H8 X* D5 o5 X* {0 U& | ACMF Airplane Condition Monitoring Function 飞机状态监视功能 * L) B8 b8 j: t& N, P; D/ \' b2 c ACMS Aircraft Condition Monitoring System 飞机状态监控系统 ACNSS Advanced Communication/Naviga- tion/Surveillance system 先进的通信导航监视系统 2 j) [, X$ G o- G: @# F7 n5 z& _$ B 2 C& Q' k/ p0 q$ nACS aircraft call sign 飞机呼号 / M% e3 r% [3 V6 YACS Attitude Control System 姿态控制系统 * d ^. p( N9 qACSE Access Control and Signaling Equipment 接续控制与信令设备 ACSG Aeronautical Communication Sub-Group 航空通信分组 ; A3 c' |/ H+ O ; f0 n% X2 y, H/ u. V6 u$ {* _ACU Aerodrome Control Unit 机场控制单位（室） ) l) k; ], I0 k7 l! m+ t6 y E 9 v' r; i# B( l+ V5 w4 ?ACU Autopilot Control Unit 自动驾驶控制单元 6 B; p6 I% I0 \7 _9 G6 ^/ d 8 p" c ^- s8 f3 s9 o1 tACU Antenna Control Unit 天线控制组件 ADA computer programming language 一种计算机编程语言 8 H) c/ T, f! R: i0 o! i+ H6 y ADAS AWOS Data Acquisition System 自动气象观察系统数据采集系统 % @6 i$ X0 J8 ^1 L2 f7 h ' F& I$ `& a, E6 RADC airborne data computer 机载数据计算机 * H( D+ ], N x' s) Q* C- f4 K6 | $ }% k. ?8 u8 P$ Y. NADDI Automated Digital Data Interchange 自动化数字数据交换 % T2 l e5 X8 w 7 L% r2 @: s1 a/ M. e- lADEP Airport of Departure 起飞机场 3 x9 e* x1 a5 z( K$ XADES Airport of Destination 目标机场 ' s% R$ K" E; c9 B& yADFE Automatic Direction-Finding Equipment 自动定向仪设备 ADI Aggregate Demand Indicator 综合指令指示器 ADI Attitude Direction Indicator 姿态方向指示器 ADIRS Air Data Inertial Reference System 大气数据惯性基准系统 ( k2 t, n5 v- O* f. v6 B" F- ~ADIRU Air Data Inertial Reference Unit 大气数据惯性基准单元 7 g2 k6 [& t% j7 u ) ~& [9 T/ g. Z- ^$ b5 IADIS-B Automatic Data Interchange System, service B 自动数据交换系统,B类服务 " u8 h$ z: l2 |* C1 aADLOC ARINC Data Link Operations Center ARINC数据链运行中心 ADLP Airborne Data Link Processor 机载数据链处理器 5 G" H, _3 Q4 t: t0 L/ y ADM Air Data Module 大气数据模块 ' b1 C& }# I O% W$ o: B ADMS Airline Data Management System 航空公司数据管理系统 ) Y% G9 Z, I- e! h% k5 A% U" o( d ADNS ARINC Data Network Service ARINC数据网服务 ! ]/ n/ `& R6 W' G, ^" n2 R $ {8 Q& X% d# p, L) {2 U, SADP Automated Data Processing 自动数据处理 D( M. _! h7 f9 r ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation 自适应差分脉码调制 ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance 自动相关监视 S G7 M% P) Y8 p& ^8 z3 A 3 e' r9 y3 k$ m) L5 |ADS Air Data System 大气数据系统 9 g5 s5 a0 a" o0 G- U0 M: B ADS Satellite ADS via AMSS 一种通过航空移动卫星系统运行的ADS ADS-I ADS capability provided by the combination of FANS 1 avionics and ground automation 采用FANS-I 机载设备 和地面自动化系统 组合提供的ADS能力 X, h& K. f7 n- H! d0 UADS－A Automatic Dependent Surveillance Addressing 选址式自动相关监视 # P0 S- f% h1 L ) z# P( a! d; H0 GADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast Mode 广播式自动相关监视 * N; v% h8 N. X. W, C& aADS-B Mode S ADS-Broadcast based on Mode S Squitter 基于S模式应答机随机自发报告的广播式自动相关监视 ADS-B VHF ADS-Broadcast based on VHF datalink 基于VHF数据链的自动化相关监视广播 . b( x' j2 f. c( ?! b+ T! A ADSEL Address Selective 寻址 5 x) d9 B2 m; }' e2 R1 r. E& H& C! n ADSF Automatic Dependent Surveillance Function 自动相关监视功能 ! u8 l- O/ B& @; c & G- v& a7 L E. z6 V/ aADSP (ICAO) Automatic Dependent Surveillance Panel (国际民航组织)自动相关监视专家组 7 H- C3 B# H3 E \0 b7 C$ n# g0 ] ADSU ADS Study Group (ICAO) （国际民航组织）自动相关监视研究组 8 ~ O; O) k6 [# T {9 M) z ADSU Automatic Dependent Surveillance Unit or ADS Unit 自动相关监视单元 0 b1 P+ a& l5 U8 l) tAECU Audio Electronic Control Unit 音频电子控制单元 ( w! B" T0 _: o P' _# Y1 B5 V- GAEEC Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee 航空公司电子工程委员会 6 E; o+ t' s4 `# q- r }; M$ ]# ? I* j; Z/ r, o$ W7 ^; \4 F5 SAEL Aircraft Equipment List 飞机装备清单 8 a) C7 s2 U4 P0 rAERA Automated En Route Air Traffic 自动化航路空中交通管制 $ P s& E4 x2 T8 D' X 0 Q0 S4 H% Z! N: ^2 e/ k6 _AES Aircraft Earth Station 飞机地球站 5 p F9 s6 m) M- Z: V# j AF Airway Facilities 航路设施 ! z* E9 k) P Q3 m" Y! {# ^ 8 u; R8 x$ g- c4 ?AFC ATC Frequency Change service 空中交通管制改（换）频服务 % x8 J- G- o! J6 n5 X: D3 j AFCAS Automatic Flight Control Augmentation System 自动飞行控制增强系统 4 X: Z: j8 A7 g, a8 t R, h# i: a' [9 k2 G! cAFCS Automatic Flight Control System 自动飞行控制系统 $ S: [: q- U5 u3 j. [ d, q( S" D 2 [8 s; x# |) g' w" }0 iAFDC Autopilot Flight Director Computer 自动驾驶飞行指示计算机 3 y3 c6 O" _1 w$ g" J. D+ }+ t4 s AFDS Autopilot Flight Director System 自动驾驶飞行指示系统 8 O. D2 J/ }: V' A& i. \ 2 \! d* k8 t, r R! jAFEPS ACARS Front End Processing System ACARS前端处理系统 AFIS Aerodrome Flight Information Service 机场航行情报服务 7 q- c( w' w7 v. [3 X 0 X6 _, p- l. z4 B- [: [0 Q0 q1 tAFIS Airborne Flight Information System 机载飞行情报系统 1 Z3 x( [2 E5 }; L! MAFL Actual Flight Level 实际飞行高度 / X7 m; J( i- X: K6 D6 I: ~ , ^) w* d$ ]* |& w- EAFLS Automated Flight Inspection System 自动飞行检查系统 ; Z4 @9 E5 j1 A' U" [1 J" N% y ' h; J7 j! ?- VAFN ATS Facilities Notification 空中交通服务设备通告 ' C `+ F) P! j6 o6 c AFS Aeronautical Fixed Service 航空固定通信业务 8 C2 X$ h5 c3 w6 W9 n: WAFSS Automated Flight Service Station 自动化飞行服务站 3 H) z. [" W' j1 E 9 U' y% r8 y( sAFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network 航空固定电信网 : F* f$ @ _( y. SAFTRCC Aerospace and Flight Test Radio Coordinating Council 宇航和飞行测试无线电协调委员会 % G! a; y/ ]8 V k8 ?- l5 H6 h# s AGCS Air Ground Communication System 空地通信系统 " m& V3 M% i B6 M, F) T 6 s- w5 G+ |) \8 `! O+ E5 iAGDLS Air-Ground Data Link System 空地数据链系统 9 N8 ?3 C( S( ?& `0 h! l9 w, eAGL Above Ground Level 离地高度 ! J! X7 ?6 P# U6 D( YAGMCS Airport Ground Movement Control System 机场地面交通管制系统 AGSS ACARS Ground System Standard(AEEC) ACARS 地面系统标准（AEEC） ( d# Q# Y! E6 w' ]2 J 7 N; F- w$ n* M V( Z- x: k- KAGSVP A/G Service Planning 空地（通信）业务规划 9 ?9 P1 L) r/ b( p1 H. e2 [ jAGVS Air Ground VHF Subnetwork 空地VHF子网 AI Artificial Intelligence 人工智能 ) N5 n/ V) m2 r) l6 [+ g) i1 X AI Alternative Interrogator 可选择询问器 AI Aeronautical Information 航空情报 AIC Aeronautical Information Circular 航空情报通报 AIDC ATC Interfacility Data Communications 空中交通管制设施间数据通信 $ {) s, z4 j1 Q/ {5 Z% GAIDS airborne integrated data system 机载综合数据系统 AIDS airborne integrated display system 机载综合显示系统 2 J& ?8 b1 l" B' I0 k+ d$ V! X. Z2 HAIED Aeronautical Industry Engineering and Development 航空工业工程和开发 # y" e- [2 s) S/ X$ C5 I% p! w( D, fAIEE American Institute Electrical Engineers 美国电气工程师学会 AIEM Airlines International Electronic Meeting 航空公司国际电子会议 8 y% Y2 m) M$ {' h# r- V4 Y5 qAILAS Automatic Instrument Landing Approach System 自动仪表着陆进近系统 AIM-FANS Airbus Interoperable Modular FANS 空中客车FANS可运行模块（空中客车公司设计的一种FANS系统结构模块） AIMS Aircraft Information Management System 飞机信息管理系统 # a, m! [: h% R2 W! W' IAIP Aeronautical Information Publication 航行资料汇编 . C7 c1 y1 R# ]8 V, f2 k- Y AIP Airport Improvement Program 航空港改进计划 / x/ W D+ b! j0 l" Q0 SAIRCOM digital air/ground communications services provided by SITA 由SITA提供的数字空地通信服务 AIRAC Aeronautical Information Regulation And Control 航行资料规划和管制，定期制航行通告 , g$ H4 m; J) h5 S1 g AIREP Air Report 空中报告 AIRMET Airmen's Meteorological information 飞行员的气象资料 * L' p ~/ R& o$ k# lAIS Aeronautical Information Service(s) 航空情报服务 AKN Acknowledgment 认可 A/L Autoland 自动着陆 + S' B6 O+ B: T P0 ~/ z5 H% R$ ?AL Alerting Service 告警服务 ALC Asynchronous Link Control 异步链路控制 . s2 }* U# H0 M% R2 P( Q 5 S: w3 S, k$ r8 hALS Automatic Landing System 自动着陆系统 ; a) f& l" n0 r3 x" p7 H* i. o ALSF Approach Light System with Sequenced Flashing lights 顺序闪光的进近灯光系统 ( I- D& q$ [, D' ~1 U ALSIP Approach Light System Improvement Program 进近灯光系统改进计划 7 @" N' w) W, G' zALT Airborne Link Terminal 机载链路终端 & ~7 D6 Y- Q8 e* p ALT Altitude 高度 4 k: |7 b, F1 ]# r * |* J" l7 w% O$ W& aALTS Altitude Select 高度选择 $ Q8 s W# |9 L0 f& B' D" @ AM Amplitude Modulation 调幅 / p6 L( {5 T9 w: y, f7 l# _ 6 E s4 G9 b# @2 t9 } F$ ^AMC Avionics Maintenance Conference 机载电子设备维护维修大会 AME Amplitude Modulation Equivalent 等效调幅 ^3 C! {1 d- X7 `: Y" k! q# y / Y6 V- q) X. K! t/ @ A; dAMCP (ICAO) Aeronautical Mobile Communications Panel (国际民航组织)航空移动通信专家组 AMJ Advisory Material-Joint 联合咨询资料 ' _5 G, x5 {. m% q4 P AMP ARINC Message Processor(ADNS) ARINC报文处理器 8 G' ]: q: c2 t7 x9 \: o2 f AMS Aeronautical Mobile Service 航空移动服务 ( M8 ~* M/ h; } AMSS Aeronautical Mobile-Satellite Service 航空移动卫星业务 AMSSP （ICAO） Aeronautical Mobile-Satellite Service Panel （国际民航组织）航空移动卫星业务专家组 AMTS Aeronautical Message Transfer Service 航空报文移交业务 AMU Audio Management Unit 话音管理单元 3 _% Q: w- v P0 ^4 A AMUX Audio Multiplexer 音频复用器 3 |7 s3 f% y' @% h9 k" Z$ cA/N Alphanumeric 按字母顺序 1 n5 @! @5 g3 A9 z i) v. p8 c1 D; b 5 ^" j; I# G/ A. }3 \ANC ICAO Air Navigation Commission 国际民航组织航行委员会 ' w6 p' [1 s. v* l, G7 F3 h& c) nANICS ALASKAN NAS Interfacility Communication System 阿拉斯加美国国家空域系统设施间通信系统 / H8 Y: V6 p& c' T, }) e ANLP ARINC Network Layer Protocol ARINC网络层规程 : c& `' `) @; L6 J+ o! p2 KANP Air Navigation Plan 空中航行规划 ; R8 ~, @& f; I1 z+ S8 W/ R/ ~ ANP Actual Navigation Performance 实际导航性能 " z( {$ o$ _3 c2 b t R/ n4 GANS Air Navigation System 空中航行系统 ( a3 e% I, i6 s. A; ^' \% D" q& i" | ANS Area Navigation System 区域导航系统 ANSI American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准学会 ( ~4 g; E3 ]+ l7 w* YAOA Aerodrome Owners Association 机场企业主协会 , F8 e, c4 E4 ]8 b( R6 |( k5 E! m 0 g3 X/ C+ R$ E4 S( F* R$ C5 Z; GAOC Aeronautical Operational Control 航空运营管理 ) O( i! V" ^7 L1 ] X9 i AOC Aerodrome obstacle chart 机场障碍物图 : t3 U' Q, O+ J5 ?8 c6 ~6 ~7 a9 a ( T" O1 g! `9 L( iAOC Aircraft Operational Center 飞行运行中心 AOC Airline Operational Communications System 航空公司运营通信系统 , k8 E( `$ m- \ AOCI Airport Operators Council International 机场经营与国际协会 0 i y& E1 M, m& y$ a- ~! H AOP Aerodrome Operations 机场运营 / ~! C3 v9 L# s U& R; _: y0 QAOPA Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association 航空器企业主与驾驶员协会 $ M8 e! l8 h+ `2 L: [' s3 h* ?. K AOR Atlantic Ocean Region 大西洋区域 AORE Atlantic Ocean Region East 东大西洋区域 AORW Atlantic Ocean Region West 西大西洋区域 9 o* @$ l! s+ P( v0 n9 R) c/ F 8 {/ ^' ^- V* S% K. D, S5 `A/P Autopilot 自动驾驶 ' M7 W: _6 q5 ~3 F6 f% f ) C* s9 x& [( D& {# fAPANPIRG ASIA/PAC Air Navigation Planning and Implementation Regional Group 亚太地区航行规划和实施小组 3 f2 _% n% @) k( ? APC Autopilot Computer 自动驾驶计算机 ( n6 g0 d/ S" H. E' TAPC Aeronautical Passenger Communications 航空旅客通信 APC Aeronautical Public Correspondence 航空公用通信 / V5 j1 K% ]3 h) B5 s- C. \ APIRG AFI Planning and Implementation Regional Group 非洲地区规划和实施小组 % b/ G6 O# a4 B. p2 h2 ?8 A+ s' Z- AAPIWP Approach Intercept Waypoint 进近切入点 APL Abbreviated Flight Plan 简略飞行计划 1 a* x4 } z$ j, l, ` . O Q s, f% K5 nAPP Approach Control 进近管制 8 }+ z& W) K3 Z. W% VAPP（APPR） Approach 进近 $ V/ E1 m3 j- |; o& F; i1 t3 w7 @ # O. w! K/ u; l" s/ N* M: Y C! q2 \, ]APS Airway Planning Standard 航路设计标准 APSR Airport Surveillance Radar 机场监视雷达 " e) g0 D) u( c8 a/ I; g& F AQP Avionics Qualification Policy 机载电子设备资格 ) [/ l/ m) b5 n B) [0 @ $ p/ G( _8 z& [; iA-QPSK Aeronautical Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 航空四相相移键控 - @" h+ q9 w2 u0 w2 S, ^4 l& m AR Arrival Route 到达航路 ARCW ADS Route Conformance Warning 自动相关监视航路一致性警告 : s& }7 Q8 E5 O' f5 d @+ V 6 w- K5 t) Q- t' F2 FARF Airport Reservation Function 航空港预定功能 ARINC Aeronautical Radio Inc. 航空无线电公司 ARP Aerodrome reference point 机场基准点 4 @ ]5 I. Z( A ARR Arrival message 到达信息 - Z4 j( w7 o# ^& \ARS Automated Radar Summary chart 自动雷达综合图 1 n( Z; \! y; h; r* d8 |) E1 p9 q; ^! TARSA Airport Radar Service Area 机场雷达服务区 + i8 q! R* I3 @4 X$ U8 }* x, dARSR Air Route Surveillance Radar 航路监视雷达 ARTAS ATC Radar Tracker and Server 空中交通管制雷达跟踪和服务器 ARTCCS Air Route Traffic Control Centers 航路交通管制中心 4 t/ h# Q% L9 Y: S' U! a # a( y* L1 v& N1 g# EARTS Automated Radar Terminal System 自动化雷达终端系统 5 W8 z" X% n7 J/ V AS Autonomy Sensor 自主式机载传感器 ASCPC Air Supply and Cabin Pressure Controllers 空气供给和机舱压力控制器 ASCII America standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换标准码 / m' L% _" M* m* G, }- f& rASD Aircraft Situation Display 飞机状态显示器 2 F( w( Q r. S! L% _: ], P7 D ) G& X$ o/ } ^- E) `# gASDE Airport Surface Detection Equipment 机场场面探测设备 ; O5 q( I" \" O5 _& Q7 B; C ASDL Aeronautical Satellite Data Link 航空卫星数据链 ASECNA Agency for the Security of Aerial Navigation in Africa and Madagascar 非洲和马达加斯加航行安全局 # e/ ? F7 W; E. o ASG ARINC Signal Gateway ARINC信号网关 ) j$ Y2 S! x7 A/ qASI Avionics System Integration 航空电子仪表系统集成 $ ]5 { U: z" _; w* L; B! R 2 r! \+ }5 N5 I) B$ |5 z2 sASK Amplitude Shift Keying 振幅移位键控 # Q! r0 f5 ~/ y$ M) g b6 d7 lAM（ASM） Airspace Management 空域管理 $ b; U9 K: f: ^# v6 X+ {, D \ ! D! h5 J: o) R5 c2 X1 L8 \; PA-SMGCS Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System 先进场面活动引导和控制系统 9 ^* P; V. W8 C2 b ASOS Automated Surface Observing System 自动场面观测系统 ASP Arrival Sequencing Program 进场顺序计划 ASP Aeronautical communication Service Processor 航空通信业务处理器 " Z$ V8 ]$ b8 y D% u: G* F! z( vASPP （ICAO） Aeronautical Fixed Service (AFS) System Planning for Data Interchange Panel (国际民航组织)航空固定电信业务系统数据 交换规划专家组 2 E: ~$ g* ?/ s0 U. ` ASR Airport Surveillance Radar 机场监视雷达 1 @5 e1 k' G* p0 [/ h( jASRS Aviation Safety Reporting System 航空安全报告系统 7 g. U& g" p- Q) \ 1 R1 ^! f0 V, Q' ~0 vASTERIX All- purpose Structured Eurocontrol Radar Information Exchange " S9 Z! L9 P" S! b# E $ G' }# [' s# i0 y' n, }" TASTA Airport Surface Traffic Automation 机场场面交通自动化 ' ^# L+ q2 m+ m8 J8 F; @) o7 N0 eA/T Auto throttlt 自动油门 ! h+ \- `7 o4 w. k- p9 F AT Air Traffic 空中交通 - W; b1 s6 H4 t) h! Q& z( y ' T) V( S2 r9 E5 ZAT&T American Telephone and Telegraph 美国电话电报公司 4 r3 S+ a8 n, P# Y2 @/ n ) t; g, j& p" ]$ d% I6 yATA Air Transport Association of American 美国航空运输协会 ATAG Air Transport Action Group 航空运输行动小组 ATAR Automatic Air Reporting 航空自动报告 5 s$ Q: n# v3 C# w5 ] , _5 @# W) R Y: m2 BATAR Automatic Air Reporting Study Group 航空自动报告研究组 # E$ Z7 a, u; t: ?4 t6 yATC Air Traffic Control 空中交通管制 ATCC Air Traffic Control Center 空中交通管制中心 : s, v' p' j( I& C + g& ]& I" G; }ATCBI Air Traffic Control Beacon Interrogator 空中交通管制信标询问器 ATCComm Air Traffic Control Communications System(Hardware & Software) 空中交通管制通信系统(硬件和软件) # K# l" A, Z. [; m ATCRBS Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System 空中交通管制雷达信标系统 4 u$ K' d+ N1 q6 E4 N4 S & n2 p4 }0 }& a% c6 t7 l1 tATCS Air Traffic Control Services 空中交通管制服务 3 C; ^& Z" o6 {2 K0 LATCT Airport Traffic Control Tower 机场交通管制塔台 # U' r" _, v+ x; X- l: AATCU ATC unit 空中交通管制单位 7 ^( A* p7 w; C- K5 P' e! T( x ; C9 M' x" D# pATD Along-Track Distance 沿航线距离 ; ^4 m8 F3 f9 U) ] 0 F9 S. ]$ t2 S5 G2 B" b i& y" _ATE Automatic Test Equipment 自动测试设备 $ x6 {9 S9 W6 u' QATFM Air Traffic Flow Management 空中交通流量管理 : B3 s7 h& b- D2 [; s ATIS Air Traffic Information Service 空中交通信息服务 8 P8 _+ R; |: w7 ^3 Z9 j% G0 ` - D( O7 O( A" S' `7 C# wATIS Airport Terminal Information Service 机场终端信息服务 6 J9 F# L8 M- t" EATIS Automated(automatic) Terminal Information Service 自动终端情报服务 % J1 j* n: ^8 l' f O: }ATM Air Traffic Management 空中交通管理 * `, i: G1 P3 g) {- V : j0 r1 Y, C! }' ~% ]! Q5 rATN Aeronautical Telecommunications Network 航空电信网 / i3 _! _5 M0 r1 R" ^7 ]% ]# T % f: x7 Q' B& X% hATNP （ICAO）Aeronautical Telecommunication Network Panel （国际民航组织）航空电信网专家组 0 M: y- L& K0 Q, o: { % |, P% ~9 [( N% \ pATO Actual Time Over 实际经过时间 ( }# ]6 J6 g3 b4 j) Z* EATRK Along-Track Error 沿航线误差 ATS Air Traffic Services 空中交通服务 1 ^+ k6 }, X( C# I" a: ~3 i 0 H; r A8 g- I+ @- R1 RATSC Air Traffic Services Communication 空中交通服务通信 + ?* [, D/ V9 B. `6 }+ r \' ?$ E- t3 f6 \' g5 l6 ]ATT Attitude 姿态 AUSSAT Australian Satellite 澳大利亚卫星 AUTODIN Automated Digital Network 自动化数字网络 AUTOVON Automatic Voice Network 自动化话音网络 AUX Auxiliary 辅助 AVOL Aerodrome Visibility Operational Level 机场能见度运行等级 AVPAC Aviation VHF Packet Communications 航空甚高频分组通信 % t; X1 I) F4 w/ G! x0 r AVS Aviation Standards 航空标准 `$ E4 P6 v3 |6 T 2 v) Q( N5 X1 ]% ?AWANS Aviation Weather And NOTAM System 航空气象和航行通告系统 / Q8 `. M) l! ~9 V# XAWOP （ICAO） All Weather Operations Panel （国际民航组织）全天候运行专家组 3 K" Q5 J* N m E, @" c! [& r2 U 4 N0 Z9 p4 {- t8 W: aAWOS Automated Weather Observing System 自动化气象观测系统 AWP Aviation Weather Processor 航空气象处理器 4 B+ p1 m+ s" K8 E1 b2 p) @5 UAWS Aviation Weather Service 航空气象服务 . C1 ~5 G7 O1 lAZ Azimuth transmitter 方位台 ) ~5 B- J( a& E8 H- i B ) s# b3 a) E7 A/ |: s% RBARO Barometric 气压 BAZ Back Azimuth 后方位，背航道 + ~+ u0 m3 `/ A" y% I8 ^1 K9 zBER Basic Encoding Rules 基本编码规则 2 ~' x- O T1 \; Z1 F, m' W- _) c BER Bit Error Rate 误码率 ) G! S3 M$ ?& l7 V+ ]* s BIT Built-In-Test 机内测试 BITE Built-In-Test Equipment 机内测试设备 6 @9 G) d( Q1 s' J: a8 z5 Y , d) b6 q5 D# o( D/ T- i0 hBOP Bit Oriented Protocol 面向位的协议 + K- S5 E0 L5 k% f, } BPS bits per second 每秒传送位数；每秒比特数 BPSK Biphase Shift Keying 两相相移键控 1 Z! J- [5 a& lBRITE Bright Radar Indicator Tower Equipment 塔台高亮度雷达显示设备 BRL Bearing Range Line 方位距离线 1 O2 p8 j- ^6 {3 F BSU Beam Steering Unit 天线方位控制组件 % \; ~3 _- W4 e; T* U, mBUEC Backup Emergency Communications 备用紧急通信 C 通信 : A9 L: a! f, T& ]* t7 U " m& z" _2 S5 D; u0 q7 O% O; mC-Band Approx. 5,000MHz C波段 6 v7 A$ W. g5 I, Z / H/ v/ o$ L' Y# c& g+ {! ^C/A (CA) Code Course Acquisition Code 粗获码（民用的） C/I Carrier-to-Interference Ratio 信号干扰比 4 d% a. i7 {. F1 x+ C- k5 FC/N Carrier-to-Noise Ratio 信噪比 CA Conflict Alert 冲突告警 4 i3 O) z8 I r( |# ^4 ` CA GPS Course- Acquisition Code 粗捕获码（民用码） & A5 Q2 r( t/ Q |& |5 ~- BCA/MSAW Conflict Alert/Minimum Safe Altitude Warning 冲突告警/最低安全高度警告 ' P- {8 L' `2 c0 eCAA Civil Aviation Administration, Civil Aeronautical Authority, Civil Aviation Authority 民航局 7 w, [) d7 t* p5 T# n2 MCAAC General Administration of Civil Aviation of China 中国民用航空总局 - K& X* l. B w4 TCAASD Center for Advanced Aviation System Development(The MITRE Corporation) (MITRE公司)高级航行系统开发中心 : t6 j$ \+ T& t; o: p; H ! J# H4 h- \$ G' [. q* ~2 qCAB Civil Aeronautical Bureau 民航局 * s: R. E* R5 |, [- R. {5 w) ] NCARF Central Altitude Reservation Function 中央飞行高度保留功能 CARs Civil Air Regulations 民用航空规则 ( f2 _$ q" K. }1 y- |CASITAF CNS/ATM implementation task force 新航行系统实施特别工作组 CAT Category 仪表着陆等级 7 N) _/ S% T. Q1 U 2 s: x; `, x& m4 _+ nCATⅠ Category Ⅰ 一类仪表着陆 - Z9 J2 S6 N) D8 _ CATⅡ Category Ⅱ 二类仪表着陆 ' O9 F- R7 }3 [; p) w 8 Q$ {3 J" _9 G& d: M: o0 ~1 Q$ p4 BCAT Ⅲa Category Ⅲa 三类a级仪表着陆 ! w+ f* ~/ b4 }* J. X n 8 \4 Y ^0 n4 H9 lCAT Ⅲb Category Ⅲb 三类b级仪表着陆 : l+ E/ W4 p; ^& f: A# ~4 W* P; x 2 q3 D9 W: H3 z; b) w) ECAT Ⅲc Category Ⅲc 三类c级仪表着陆 # q* a) ^5 \ |5 w, D$ C CATC Civil Aviation Training Center 民航培训中心 CATMAC Co-operative Air Traffic Management Concept 空中交通管理合作方案 * a7 a, B! i- o/ O9 m CBA Cost/Benefit Analysis 成本效益分析 C-BAND The frequency range between 4000 and 8000MHz 4000到8000MHz频段 # e4 }5 W7 R* g CBI Computer Based Instruction 计算机基本指令 CBT Computer-Based Training 计算机辅助训练 : z) w; d* D& G/ U7 D CC Connection Confirm 联接确认 # M) d5 W/ g9 a9 { T2 vCCA Continental Control Area 大陆管制区 CCC 蜂窝式CNS概念 ; D4 d! T' ]/ L3 Z2 Y" U % a# e( _4 ]2 ]) l4 @: GCCD Consolidated Cab Display 综合机舱显示器 * m8 X! I5 t* R8 g s [' [: I 4 v$ ]. }9 h) ^+ N0 t& hCCIR International Radio Consultative Committee 国际无线电咨询委员会 & i8 ~5 e! R: ` ' e* {1 U) {' A9 n F5 G2 pCCITT International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee 国际电报电话咨询委员会 % K3 A* S' P7 j4 L CCP Contingency Command Post 应急指挥站 # d8 {9 E- q F' B' ~% O 4 [ j L) `! {5 S6 N# _CCWS Common controller workstation 通用管制员工作站 1 ^* |# n8 Y7 \- a& S4 W+ ` CD Common Digitizer 通用数字化仪设备 CDC Computer Display Channel 计算机显示通道 4 `# @6 }2 ?' n1 CCDI Course Deviation Indicator 偏航指示器 0 f/ Q" D% u0 O7 b7 J CDM Code division multiplex 码分复用 ' ~5 b/ h3 [6 K/ e$ ] nCDM Continuous Delta Modulation 连续增量调制 ! A5 E. r" C" @! N+ a% JCDMA Code Division Multiple Access 码分多址 CDT Controlled Departure Times 管制离场时间 CDTI Cockpit Display of Traffic Information 驾驶舱交通信息显示 ! X0 z" L$ X' A3 ~5 D ( @" Z$ a. C/ o: YCDU Control Display Unit 控制显示组件 ; B6 ~. P' Z2 G+ c- X R CEP Circular error probability 圆概率误差 ! \4 V! C) c/ b$ W5 U' n; V $ Y- q* e& G8 |CERAC Combined Center Radar Approach Control 雷达进近管制联合中心 1 f. K4 ]* J/ L; z) cCFCC Central Flow Control Computer 中央流量管制计算机 CFCF Central Flow Control Facility 中央流量管制设施(功能) CFDPS Compact Flight Data Processing System 小型飞行数据处理系统 CFWP Central Flow Weather Processor 中央流量气象处理机 # D, ~) i: L, z5 q/ P% V7 L R# ] + M* N l3 Y1 {CFWSU Central Flow Weather Service Unit 中央流量气象服务单元（组件） * k R/ N) L }$ Q' i b6 e 0 x4 b( m! @" k& `+ b- _' bCHI Computer Human Interface 机人接口 l: C& n9 q5 v0 TCIDIN Common ICAO Data Interchange Network 国际民航组织公用数据交换网 / r J! E8 e ?CIS Cooperative independent surveillance 合作式独立监视 " P8 D7 q! m) E / o( j" |7 O9 kCLAM Cleared Level Adherence Monitoring 放行高度保持监视 * o4 A% a# H4 `: W @9 } CLB Climb 爬升 ' v1 o: N* Z3 A) P* j CLK Clock 时钟 , U0 P" S0 @$ [/ E4 w6 v2 K: kCLNP Connectionless Network Protocol 无连接网络规程（协议） CLR Clear 清除 # U% e0 u, F9 m7 r, `1 ]& h5 o " T, s1 t( ^9 z4 E, ~" ^CMC Central Maintenance Computer 中央维护计算机 CMD Command 命令 % [* A1 }9 C0 h) { CMS Cabin Management System 机舱管理系统 CMU Communications Management Unit 通信管理单元 CNDB Customized Navigation Database 用户导航数据库 : L, U# t, E8 T- Z" r( H. vCNS Consolidated NOTAM System 综合航行通告系统 9 J3 W* w [4 g% FCNS/ATM Communication Navigation, Surveillance/Air Traffic Management 通信导航监视/空中交通管理 % I$ Z; [8 q" C2 r 0 q) X R: `/ ?; tCODEC Coder/Decoder 编码器/解码器 7 L# g. k$ g1 Q7 \ & ^+ w. T, u: Z' p; }* W7 yCOM/MET/OPS Communication/ Meteorology/ Operations 通信/气象/运行 7 C2 P/ l0 z* i- }/ wCOMLO Compass Locator 罗盘定位器；罗盘示位信标 # n0 s% t5 `& h- \6 W COMM Communication 通信 ; w7 n# e& e7 R/ I COMP Compressor 压缩器 9 A( ]; S8 D/ N0 T4 F$ c+ s COMSEC Communications Security 通信保安 CON Continuous 连续 1 I4 O/ ~1 `4 V. P8 F. }9 v# P% s6 F CONUS Continental, Contiguous, or Conterminous United States 美国大陆本部(四十八州) 8 ]$ ?5 [# r, q* ~) b COP Change Over Point 转换点 9 q* d" w. u, H; x COP Character Oriented Protocol 面向字符协议 8 i. X1 L: J6 zCOTS Commercial Off-the-Shelf 商业货架产品供应 6 K0 z6 X/ j; T6 r, r 8 P( a3 d2 f1 \+ z5 gCPDLC Controller Pilot Data Link Communications 管制员驾驶员数据链通信 7 A+ Q; e# o3 |/ NCPFSK Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keying 连续相位频移键控 ' ]+ D! S8 M* x, F1 v4 l CR Connection Request 联接申请 % m$ \( Q$ G/ O4 S# B : D$ w8 Y9 h/ ? BCRA Conflict Resolution Advisory 冲突解脱咨询 ! x# m# Q2 Z) n CRC Cyclic Redundant Check 循环冗余校验 & R( o4 Q% M B 0 s. A/ [' O, [: j. {! {CRCO Central Route Charges Office 中央航路收征费办公室 5 j) G1 {8 U' ^, I8 KCRM C Reference Model C参考模式 9 P0 \- Q8 P- ` CRM Collision Risk Modeling 碰撞危险模型 : Y: k; W' l; u1 j* ]% \$ L6 wCRM Crew Resource Management 机组人员安排 3 v* P* E- @9 q( S8 Y CRT Cathode Ray Tube 阴极射线管 0 C2 k7 e- k; HCRZ Cruise 巡航 $ a" L! h5 O+ t1 D( X3 R+ ACSA Standard Accurate Channel 标准精度通道 0 v8 l: l' o6 @! X$ `2 L6 W- } i) ] 1 G( U" o3 `3 r9 ~; oCSE Course Setting Error 航线设定误差 : C: f) e1 T9 L' k) D7 H4 E) U/ N $ k1 m+ A1 N5 X- M0 f& FCSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access (datalink protocol) 载波侦听多址访问 : u3 ]: K0 ^8 X$ R3 p C/SOIT Communication/ Surveillance Operational Implementation Team 通信监视运行实施小组（美国） * z l d: z3 s* N9 i% w7 cCTA Calculated Time of Arrival 计算到达时间 % n f5 T( ]2 X CTA Control Area 管制区 7 H% B/ u# V B; f' a) j) ]2 GCTAS Central Tracon Automation System 中央终端雷达进近管制自动系统 6 h) r! U9 F# n# s' z8 YCTL Control 控制 : z: u& d; ?9 l CTMO Central traffic Management Organization 中央交通流量管理组织 CTMO Centralized Traffic Management Organization 中央交通管理组织 ) W- b8 m) a5 ^; ~, b4 z 6 ~. d9 [+ f4 a. e# x: `CTOL Conventional Take Off and Landing 常规起飞着陆 ; ~, U( l x. M5 q% f. }$ }7 @CTR Control zone 管制地带 ( Q- G- v3 A6 f y% @ CTS Control Tracking Station 控制跟踪站 0 o6 y$ w6 ]1 C5 C- G. S $ B7 b& v7 z( r B9 j5 n8 _CU Control Unit 控制单元 # ^; E: t! v4 s3 {2 XC§W Control and Warning 控制和告警 CW Carrier Wave 载波 CWI Continuous Wave Interference 连续波干扰 & ?# t- I0 }% }2 Y/ S! D% TCWP Central Weather Processor 中央气象处理器 CWSU Center Weather Service Unit 中央气象服务单元 \! e! I5 s( C6 J: Q2 q9 ED 6 Y/ T: C; P5 R' h- F, b0 C g2 r D/A Digital-to-Analog 数/模转换 + d7 U$ c8 }: X+ O [4 a) b DABS Discrete Addressable Beacon System 离散寻址信标系统 # T, W0 ^% |; F) e5 ?DADC Digital Air Data Computer 数字大气数据计算机 8 Z6 \$ P! b% {" m: iD-ATIS Digital Automatic Terminal Information Service 数字自动终端信息服务 8 t8 m4 ]( x6 } DA Decision Addressing beacon system 决断寻址信标系统 2 `- o2 ~. }. l2 ]2 g. h0 o# G DA Demand Assignment 按需分配 6 R s" f' P( H9 c ( p& D, Y# E/ `2 n) i, D4 ]1 GDA/H Decision Altitude(Height) 决断高度 5 s, P8 w9 _" }* r# a: h. C 1 C7 N$ I/ i. d2 jDARC Direct Access Radar Channel 直接存取雷达信道 ) t' T# J# x T. d8 E & }9 u% V* y+ K8 }& G1 I; Q; rDARP Dynamic Air Route Planning 动态航线计划 9 I# n0 t6 [9 Y5 i9 k : K1 z- |0 c _2 d+ BDARPS Dynamic Aircraft (Air) Route Planning Study 动态飞机航线计划研究 ; O1 i7 V* U% H8 |DC Departure Clearance 离场放行许可 $ G: x" k/ I! s$ B2 R & U$ y6 l9 m$ q: q* p1 Y0 q$ yDC Direct Current 直流(电) ; K* ?4 t! }1 V9 F4 S9 p" A 6 z: w, r# `" ^& f ~. H6 mDCC Display Channel Complex 显示通道组合 DCIU Data Control Interface Unit 数据控制接口单元 " n$ u& ~! l- e* H DCL Departure Clearance Delivery 起飞许可传送 7 K6 ~- V) W L) B+ ]DCPC Direct Controller Pilot Communication 管制员驾驶员直接通信 - b6 k9 T5 M4 T1 B2 ]* y+ @! d DES Data Encryption Standard 数据加密标准 DF Direction Finder 测向器 ) ]5 D6 D/ r' o- l2 s, Z0 C% G 0 r$ r: j2 \6 w. R4 m0 pDFCS Digital Flight Control System 数字飞行控制系统 DFDAU Digital Flight Data Acquisition Unit 数字飞行数据采集单元 ; W) }' p9 U& A2 P g* Y! ODGCA Director-General Civil Aviation 民航局长 & I' m4 P3 W5 H5 V 8 f6 B9 ^3 S7 p; E; X. k- |DGNSS Differential Global Navigation Satellite System 差分全球导航卫星系统 & Z" x' s' X8 N. f DGPS Differential Global Positioning System 差分全球定位系统 6 D0 G3 @% W8 ]DH Decision Height 决断高度 DIP Diplexer 双工器 * }$ N: z$ F. W) F6 _, X DL Data Link 数据链 , i' o$ b9 v! @: x$ }DLAC Data Link Applications Coding 数据链应用编码 # X6 c% X* e$ e: Z6 p6 F- \3 ` $ ^! r( H7 u" u$ |% w% sDLAS Differential GNSS Instrument Approach System 差分GNSS仪表进近系统 DLK data link 数据链 & P+ q/ C6 C b) W4 ~+ ^/ Z DLORT FAA Data Link Operational Requirements Team FAA数据链运行要求工作组 ]: ^( j6 P J# S, j ~2 C 0 \2 i/ \. K4 {' T; ]5 HDMAP ICAO Data Link Mobile Applications Panel(proposed) 国际民航组织数据链移动应用专家组（建议） DME Distance Measuring Equipment 测距设备 DME/N Distance Measuring Equipment/Normal 标准测距设备 DME/P Distance Measuring Equipment/Precision 精密测距设备 2 K8 t q9 {: D4 B# O* s8 Q. e" ^ , q. G' {9 [, K: r; UDMU Data Management Unit 数据管理单元 + T6 u' p$ N& e' jDO（DOC） Document 记录（文件） DOD Department of Defense (美国)国防部 DOP Dilution of Precision 精度扩散因子 ( N1 H) }/ l4 `DOT Department of Transportation (美国)运输部 2 m. s7 X! ~) S# f1 h DOTS Dynamic Ocean Tracking System 动态海洋跟踪系统 4 f+ j- V8 k5 `& e- C) s DP Disconnect Request 分离拆线请求 0 G- w- ?; b+ }: n0 R DPF Data Processing Function 数据处理功能 0 _4 g/ y' n+ y( G* G" u ( j" w- y' o" y; t: O" a( ~D8PSK Differential Eight-Phase Shift Keying 差分8相移键控 DPSK Differential Phase Shift Keying 差分相移键控 0 Q5 i* C5 s# k# n DRMS Distance Root Mean Square 距离均方根值 DRN Document Release Notice 文件发放通告 , u! [" ]5 G( p }# J / H8 q1 D+ H; ~7 C1 |DSB－AM Double Sideband Amplitude 双边带调幅 ! s* N0 W9 g; R* W$ s$ s f * N% q0 b; M; C+ I" u l$ |9 RDSDU Data Signal Display Unit 数据信号显示单元 9 @- y1 O+ u- U DSP Departure Sequencing Program 起飞排序计划；离港排序计划 + T( i. ? c( m8 `. D DT Data 数据 DTE Data Terminal Equipment 数据终端设备 DT&E Development Test and Evaluation 开发测试和评估 1 }, Q" t- o8 B8 R: h " p# w" n+ y/ B6 Z, ?2 \' G. E; [DTF Data Test Facility 数据检测设备 0 l) B5 N; g- O I, C- I4 ?9 x - h6 x, r/ X8 ^! C0 [: SDTG 待飞距离 " s7 d) b! p3 J' |) O5 r0 }8 ~DTN Data Transport Network 数据传输网络 7 Y8 i" C. m4 I: |; ~: m) G3 M 9 |6 `5 Z+ U: G C- uDUAT Direct User Access Terminal 用户直接存取终端 ; r! j* \. ^! l- o( ` DVOR Doppler Very high frequency Omni-directional Range 多普勒甚高频全向信标 4 m. s; x3 K# a/ ] E EANPG European Air Navigation Planning Group 欧洲航行规划小组 E-DARC Enhanced Direct Access Radar Channel 增强的直接存取雷达信道 % A+ p( x. z+ m" S wEARTS En route Automated Radar Tracking System 航路自动化雷达跟踪系统 EASIE Enhanced ATM and Mode S Implementation in Europe 欧洲S模式和增强的空中交通管理实施项目 6 L/ n& ~% f2 \; m0 q0 zEATCHIP European ATC Harmonization Implementation Program 欧洲空中交通管制协调实施计划 - I1 D) w9 O. R- {& w+ R8 Y- n : v7 j9 o5 G9 S, D9 H( V6 u# mEATMS European Air Traffic Management System 欧洲空中交通管理系统 4 A* g7 ~: h/ ] ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference 欧洲民航会议 ECEF 地心地固坐标 EDCT Estimated Departure Clearance Time 预计离港起飞放行时间 3 s: b" z0 x# K, f6 V$ W5 w( J) i/ {) u EET Estimated Elapsed Time 预计经过时间 * q1 j, Z: `! f# q& K EFAS En route Flight Advisory Service 航路飞行咨询服务 0 \( q3 l" E. ~9 h, K! R6 V) E - r: h3 @' h6 q3 r1 s2 n$ C# LEFAS Extended Final Approach Segment 扩展最后进近段 6 Y0 R. f0 m/ I, t& ?* {8 ~) L# kEFIS Electronic Flight Instrument System 电子飞行仪表系统 # M- A6 I+ H" W2 W" p+ g1 W% u & L( D* X- l+ r- s& J+ EEFC Expect Further Clearance 预期进一步放行许可 $ n0 | K6 j- Z0 V! G 9 V8 m/ d4 z' @; W- aEFIS Electronic Flight Information System 电子飞行情报系统 $ u( U8 s k1 f5 Q1 f* @EGNOS European global navigation overlay system 欧洲全球导航重迭系统 - S* b# c/ r; V4 s: R) j {) b ; L, Z& q _1 e! y% I. B. H0 q% C, o; _EHSI Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator 电子平面状态显示器 % ^2 d M( w$ |& {$ x. c EIRP Equivalent Isotropic Radiate Power 等效各向同性辐射功率 % A L4 S! @9 B4 M6 bEISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture 扩展的工业标准结构 EL Elevation Transmitter 仰角台 7 Q6 P5 U; [& k2 F5 E" R ELOD En route sector Load 航路扇区负载管制飞机数量 ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter 紧急示位发射机 3 v; @8 b4 v, A' }/ | EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility 电磁兼容 EMI Electromagnetic Interference 电磁干扰 * r% D7 ?2 V6 o: ~ L) A, f ENRI Electronic Navigation Research Institute （日本）电子导航研究所 6 v! Z4 ^/ D3 Z" M# |2 } EOF Emergency Operations Facility 应急运行设施 * T2 C) H) `9 kEPA Environmental Protection Agency 环境保护署 ER Error 误差 5 ]$ s! V6 x! j3 L2 i3 J ERL Environmental Research Laboratories 环境研究实验室 - Z" u- F0 t7 P; Y- @! p ERM En Route Metering 航路计量管制 4 }; L; u9 G0 A# K# @1 SERN Earth Referenced Navigation 大地参考导航 . b# x5 D& |( d. R4 P 0 j9 u' A! {6 n+ _ERP Effective Radiated Power 有效幅射功率 + F5 s( X! B1 B0 ^0 u' E $ m9 F2 s3 H1 m2 l7 F0 QES End System 终端系统 # R! ~2 A @( |. Y/ U! E 9 W" S1 ?% Q6 Y: {$ l I JESA European Space Agency 欧洲航天局 ESCAN Electronic Scanning(radar antenna) + _! `# s0 i4 U$ y& V) d # T& o2 v8 E4 N% B+ u, RESMMC Enhanced SMMC 增强的系统维护监视台 8 j: N8 {& A# T& }) i: D , m. J% a; n- P6 UESP En route Spacing Program 航路间隔计划 ) y6 G1 S9 x' I- j) B EST Estimated message 预计信息 - c3 e. U, p5 A* u/ R: N ETA Estimated Time of Arrival 预计到达时间 ETB Estimated Time of Boundary 预计边界时间 ETD Estimated Time of Departure 预计离港时间 + C7 ~# l3 y# o! UETG Enhanced Target Generator 增强的显示目标产生器 ; Z1 u/ O/ i8 \& _# g5 wETN Estimated Time of Entry 预计进入时间 / E7 T& T$ ~6 H; y; J4 l7 k 1 h' i. j8 t6 rETO Estimated Time Over 预计飞越时间 ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute 欧洲电信标准学会 ; S- Z+ `2 h2 Y- _EU European Union 欧洲联盟 9 n2 ]/ R% L. N& l2 F" EEURATN European ATN 欧洲航空电信网 7 r4 o/ N1 W- I2 A EUROCAE European Organization for Civil Aviation Electronics 欧洲民用航空电子学组织 7 M! p* r/ \ l! y* O* {0 u4 ~1 JEUROCONTROL European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation 欧洲航行安全组织(欧安局) 7 I% ?9 ^- T- y5 t% x/ F& l* N & i+ G, ]/ \2 @# _' iEVS Enhanced Vision System 增强视景系统 EWAS En-route Weather Advisory Service 航路气象咨询服务 7 ~* i& r2 }" l/ p3 m 8 C: r3 n1 H$ u9 B, W3 ^% oF F&E Facilities and Equipment 设施和设备 / `- t, `. T) P7 Y! Z9 L. P + {. I3 p" K+ N& w a7 oF,E&D Facilities, Engineering, and Development 设施、工程和开发 FAA Federal Aviation Administration (美国)联邦航空局 # Q, F+ t9 H5 t2 y# Q" Q , c. H- \% |8 n, RFAATC FAA Technical Center (美国)联邦航空局技术中心 FAF Final Approach Fix 最终进近坐标 % \3 ^5 U9 } Y. O8 NFANS ICAO Future Air Navigation Systems （国际民航组织）未来航行系统 FANS Special Committee on Future Air Navigation Systems 未来航行系统特别委员会 % t; V; r% ?6 X) G# K9 a FANS(Phase II) Special Committee for the Monitor- ing and Co-ordination of Develop- ment and Transition Planning for the Future Air Navigation System 未来航行系统监督、协调发展与过渡规划 专门委员会 ( v6 D! `% d$ c z FAR Federal Aviation Regulation 联邦航空条例 4 d& v F" V6 C/ w! J# V FAS Final Approach Segment 最后进近段 0 E5 r) _) j1 i* ]9 x( ]; P% e+ I FASID Facilities And Services Implementation Document 设施和服务实施文件 FCC Flight Communication Center 飞行通信中心 FCC Federal Communication Commission 联邦通信委员会 . t; e) n' p* IFCC Flight Control Computer 飞行控制计算机 5 V7 N9 q. ]( O) _6 N& s FDAU Flight Data Acquisition Unit 飞行数据收集单元 ) j7 i; U5 C6 _2 y1 o" CFDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface 光纤分布数据接口 - I* T3 N% b' X; a% ~( c8 ?- aFDEP Flight Data Entry and Printout 飞行数据输入和输出 " K6 b: z0 @: `, Y4 u4 P: hFDI Fault Detection and Isolation 故障检测和隔离 # \1 E/ D5 K1 SFDIO Flight Data Input/Output 飞行数据输入/输出 FDM Frequency Division Multiplex 频分复用 FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access 频分多址 5 O9 p t" Y) i. }/ y4 V& b FDP Flight Data Processor 飞行数据处理器 & L; c& k0 `8 Y9 N% C 3 l5 b5 |% h U) ?5 tFDPS Flight Data Processing System 飞行数据处理系统 * I* N* S$ m J9 [2 e/ v9 v& sFDR Flight Data Recorder 飞行数据记录仪 FEATS Future European ATS System Concept 未来欧洲空中交通服务系统方案 , X" m& d9 z" u! ^ FEATS ICAO Future European Air Traffic Management System 国际民航组织未来欧洲空中交通管理系统 ! ~( c$ Y9 S y0 |9 }1 ~1 s FEC Forward Error Correction 前向纠错 FGC Flight Guidance Computer 飞行引导计算机 }# J# x! c4 S* }! mFGCC Federal Geodetic Control Committee 联邦大地测量管理委员会 : q& n3 Y0 g! }7 [: `+ DFI Flight Inspection 飞机校验 9 v) S1 U" W) E. SFIC Flight Information Center 飞行信息中心 FIFO First In-First Out 先入先出 % S4 e; Y; |4 F3 J ^1 K' {" `% z' bFIFO Flight Inspection Field Office 飞行检查现场办事处 6 x" {- |: D" N f FIR Flight Information Region 飞行情报区 9 I# e7 s+ q) p4 U; f# w( S4 C 1 T$ g0 }5 D; r, h# J3 kFIS Flight Information Services 飞行情报服务 / y4 ?4 Q4 K/ V# w, x 0 y, e+ g, Z7 q) h, L$ V( qFISA Automatic Flight Information Service 自动飞行信息服务 FL Flight Level 飞行高度层 - Y: v4 [, Q* t5 f) B! F- |- NFLIR Forward Looking Infra-red Detection 前视红外线探测 : a g9 X+ R0 T, p9 \& l , m( v' _5 i0 Q! K( I, r0 yFM Frequency Modulation 调频 7 i3 J, b1 j8 XFMC Flight Management Computer 飞行管理计算机 9 r Z% L# m; J! M FMEA Failure Mode Effects Analysis 故障模式效果分析 FMS Flight Management System 飞行管理系统 , f" k$ ]" ?5 B1 Y2 H | FMS Frequency Management System 频率管理系统 , Y# M) _ E. P& E" J" c( I - K4 \. `% b7 }$ G9 {FMSG Frequency Management Study Group 频率管理研究组 FMU Flight Management Unit 飞行管理组件 FMU Flow Management Unit 流量管理单元 " O" ]. F/ b0 k( `: g4 [8 ^2 ZFOC Full Operation Capability 全运行能力 FOM Figure of Merit 性能指数 * S' y+ b" ]/ j* _$ T& o# _! T - @- m0 M2 H6 D; m/ Z( Z6 {FPA Flight Path Angle 航迹倾角 ' n5 G% L* Z6 K" ?( F FPD Flight Plan Data 飞行计划数据 ' f7 i, v3 G9 o) w0 V+ N ' _# j: M0 K# l, i: SFPS Military Primary Radar 军用一次雷达 w1 C& `6 t l/ fFREQ Frequency 频率 : p/ @/ _7 m/ t5 H& dFRP Federal Radio navigation Plan 联邦无线电导航计划（美国） + Y, j7 u2 x8 c FS Functional Statement 功能描述 ' g1 t3 g7 ^: H: \! G : @0 Y6 X. T/ F( ?- n- ]$ |% V. zFSAS Flight Service Automation System 飞行服务自动化系统 3 I4 m! x% c: H! B( q( ~ Z! y 2 ]; q% C @2 D: u+ ^; J* sFSDPS Flight Service Data Processing System 飞行服务数据处理系统 FSK Frequency Shift Keying 频移键控 FSP Flight Strip Printer 飞行进程单打印机 ! C* `, a% u# w" \7 `FSS Flight Service Station 飞行服务站 1 {( E, f- w% R FSTN Federal Security Telephone Network 联邦政府保安电话网络 $ ^, p* G0 B$ }FT Functional Test 功能测试 8 d4 y; X1 L: q; y FTE Flight Technical Error 飞行技术误差 - x& T6 O, n4 r) X6 eFY Fiscal Year 财政年度; 会计年度 % ]+ s7 @3 \% E; ^8 n( I G / E' w; C; q) o2 H GA General Aviation 通用航空 GA Ground annta 地面天线 - b, T |1 w3 c% k2 l# N% s% G9 y / }7 e* _6 E( a: M$ SGatelink Datalink for packed aircraft 网关数据链路 8 v9 F/ n( H# D* k: x GADS Generic Aircraft Display System 通用航空器显示系统 5 N b/ R$ p- ~" b: ~. f' NGAIT Ground-based Augmentation and Integrity Technique 陆基增强和完好性技术 , v+ A( x! _( Q! ]) g, Z5 V GAO Government Accounting Office (联邦)政府会计署 GBA Geostationary broadcast area 静止卫星广播区域 GCAS Ground Collision Avoidance System 地面防撞系统 GCS Ground Controlled Approach 地面控制系统 GDLP Ground Data Link Processor 地面数据链处理器 7 A- @) p& M9 I [1 H7 |" @ . A9 r- }: R- N$ c' A7 EGDOP Geometic Dilution of Position 位置几何扩散因子 GDOP Geometry Dilution of Precision 精度几何扩散因子 ) r5 i# v& I: {4 {. V GEO Geostationary 静地的 ) {, n1 I; @3 f+ C, F GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit 相对地球静止轨道静止卫星 7 y g' A y. w% M/ F2 R; \ GES Ground Earth Station 地面地球站 GFE Government-Furnished Equipment 政府提供的设备 2 q+ k+ O# o1 J) J; e# g) |6 \% t # {4 \) f) M4 m% S6 b" e& {/ `# K$ hGHz Giga hertz 千兆赫兹 4 G0 }3 L/ G6 F+ p ; t9 }) L K# D$ m& Z& k! GGIB GNSS integrity broadcast 全球导航卫星系统完好性数据广播 ! _& l& E4 d+ C, g/ h 2 K2 a5 b/ d8 Z- ^ HGIC GNSS Integrity Channel 全球卫星导航系统完好性通道 ) `3 u R1 m A; | h4 E3 O9 A4 jGICB Ground-initiated Comm-B 地面启动的B类通信 9 N! H; B( s0 M5 v4 {: d8 I 3 W3 W$ n$ s/ O& R. q8 l* F3 kGIRU Ground Interrogator Receiver Unit 地面应答机接收单元 , N& _7 k+ z7 ^0 q" Q' j GIS Geographical Information System 地理信息系统 & a1 X2 M' `3 l) O; m 3 `" i( M2 u* p. \; GGLONASS Global Orbit Navigation Satellite System 全球轨道导航卫星系统(俄罗斯) 8 O z7 O3 Y, K( l GLS GPS Landing System GPS着陆系统 . B$ g$ ?% \8 S v0 Z GM Guidance Material 指导材料 GMC Ground Movement Control 地面活动管制 p3 j, {; ^/ r# H1 Z" { GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying 3 _1 a9 u4 K' e6 P1 `: R; m) l9 TGMT Greenwich Mean Time 格林威治时间 ; a# e6 k) T |- A; G q, M. fGNAS General NAS 综合国家空域系统 0 k& ^9 C' E. Q' ` 0 a9 v" c# {& {7 _GND Ground 地 " l' |2 i, X" ^7 ~/ @- `GNE Gross Navigational Error 总导航误差 % ]$ w$ s% g! m0 d$ M [# f4 E 7 Q4 M s, G1 H% F. d( S8 V- @GNR Global Navigation Receiver 全球导航接收机 & t' A- y& N5 E; h7 W1 j9 }6 \" ] " j: Q; E( K7 O* Z8 @GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System 全球导航卫星系统 . P6 }8 I5 H# k' O9 G& U ; E9 c8 n! x3 C7 Z6 u9 mGNSSP ICAO Global Navigation Satellite Systems Panel 国际民航组织全球卫星导航系统专家组 # m( v7 B& V& @- F) v+ U6 gGPSSU Global Positioning System Sensor Unit 全球定位系统（GPS）传感器组件 , F$ j+ O8 W ]1 r8 I . x% Q8 v( x% U! o8 v: c3 {( _GOES Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 静地运行环境卫星 GOS Grade of Service 服务等级 GOSEP Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile 政府开放系统互联结构 5 H2 m6 n% o) x: Y9 ~* v5 w" }* _" xGOSIP Government Open systems Implementation Profile 政府开放系统实施结构 GP Glide-Path 下滑道 , e0 x, V0 U" y2 N2 C5 y1 v" c GPIP Glide-Path Intercept Point 下滑道截获点 GPIWP Glide Path Intercept Waypoint 滑行道切入点 , m4 L# ^9 w N6 q) B8 Z6 `GPO/GPI General Purpose Output/General Purpose Input 通用输出/通用输入 9 t& P% V, O$ FGPS Global Positioning System 全球定位系统 % S+ C2 i6 P* c$ Q GPWS Ground Proximity Warming System 近地告警系统 7 ^" c' u) z! ~9 x% YGREPECAS Caribean/South American Planning and Implementation Regional Group 加勒比/南美洲计划和实施区域 小组 / ` v0 s2 ^- d& N7 V. J& [5 JGRS Ground-Reference Station 地面基准站 7 |1 {, K/ A+ Q2 `4 v, r8 x GRS80 Geodetic-Reference System－80 大地基准系统－80 GS(G/S) Glide Slope 下滑坡度 2 P% N) {3 k" O GS Ground Speed 地速 3 f7 C* u/ g& j) s 5 O, F. V3 E& i" `GSA General Services Administration 综合服务管理局(联邦政府下属) ; v1 A/ O6 N3 R GSL General Support Laboratory 综合保障实验室 % A+ P. Q6 `: C4 mGSM Global System （or Mobile） Communication 全球通信系统 GWS Graphic Weather Service 图形气象服务 / ^2 \0 g3 j9 O6 F2 K$ [ 2 h$ A# I2 R5 [) {H * \) ~, _1 K1 T7 aH Homing radio beacon 归航无线电信标 7 F4 o2 g2 A/ i2 tHARN High Accuracy Reference Network 高精度参考网 ( Z7 u" N6 Q! a. L4 Z+ z . E: p) F" h7 ^$ U1 Q, wHAT Height Above Touchdown 高于接地点的高度 6 X( T/ O- |3 Y6 ]. @5 ]HCI Human Computer Interface 人机接口 6 H, s0 c8 x y) J7 G1 G, L4 UHDD Head Down Display 下视显示器 - x, V* e( b. |, {1 k$ q& n HDG Heading 航向 HDOP Horizontal Dilution Of Precision 精度水平扩散因子 # c8 J! L% y7 I3 N9 | I 2 e( c( A* K3 i: f1 UHEMP High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse 高空电磁脉冲 ; Y7 d# D5 O9 W; V" } ' o' w" X% t s0 _1 F- W9 ^' FHEO High Elliptical Orbit 高椭圆率轨道 " ^4 B# y9 I, x2 `) Y# K& f HF High Frequency(3-30MHz) 高频 7 Z% M0 {1 x' a" @7 Z# E$ W% ~HFDL High Frequency Data Link 高频数据链 HGA High Gain Antenna 高增益天线 F: [' m3 b7 O& ~8 M HIRF High Intensity Radiated Fields 高强度辐射场 HIWAS Hazardous In-flight Weather Advisory Service 飞行时遇危险天气的咨询服务 7 \7 q6 m3 I: `3 V0 _ , T$ J7 I6 S' ?' W9 |+ N3 pHMI Human Machine Interface 人机接口 # I# k) a! r. v5 G 8 T' F$ ~# t2 _* n& n8 v$ |HPA high power amplifier 高功率放大器 . W, z b1 G: `8 c7 w' IHPF Horizontal Position Fix Error 水平位置坐标误差 6 W* w' h3 ]$ U7 [ 5 I& P) r4 ~; uHSI Horizontal Situation Indicator 水平位置指示器 + q4 w. c9 D' `# R 5 F. U" q* z$ N; ZHUD Head-up Display 平视显示仪 7 i3 i: a" K5 H5 w( `HUI Head up Display 5 O( |; n5 Q2 @" g" Z" FHVAC Heating, Ventilating, And air Conditioning 加热,通风和空调 / v& W1 _0 m3 L' V Hybird GNSS/ILS Precision Approach/Landing based on combination of GNSS localizer and ILS glide path 基于GNSS航向和ILS下滑道组合的精密进近/着陆系统 6 c. ?. m& h1 I; H+ \3 N6 \Hz Hertz 赫兹 - q6 [1 T4 h( p' Q: P 1 {5 _% t7 Y3 Z; }% z" vI IA5 International Alopabet 5 国际字母表第5号码 IACA International Air Carrier Association 国际航空公司协会 6 H$ o: r+ F2 ?$ m, Q* u; RIACSP International Aeronautical Communication Service Provider 国际航空通信业务提供者 IAF Initial Approach Fix 初始进近点（坐标） . _1 }- C8 B6 Z l3 N8 W* m # L9 P; d! H& WIAG International Association of Geodetical 国际测地协会 5 p$ q) N ^: c- Z # ~$ F) c3 D0 qIAIN International Association of Institutes of Navigation 国际导航学会联合会 6 g$ z) p3 h" K IAOPA International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations 航空器企业主和驾驶员协会国际委员会 8 |3 |0 K' M& l8 x6 dIAP Instrument Approach Procedure 仪表进近程序 IAR Intersection of Air Routes 航路交叉点 % x; q/ T6 |3 f, m3 I# d' IIAS Indicated Air Speed 指示空速 & i: [; m! u. b8 x: y$ Q% ? 6 t' Z2 V( R2 C* O* }' uIASC Inter Area Speech Circuit 区域间话音线路 8 x* u/ l3 A% A+ n; g6 y" H% F IATA International Air Transport Association 国际航空运输协会 k6 A1 u, |7 d% K1 r0 @IBAC International Business Aviation Council 国际商业航空委员会 * Y* e7 `' Y7 o! A# q' Y$ x+ n ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization 国际民航组织 ICCAI(A) International Co-ordination Council of Aerospace Industries Associations 国际宇航工业联合会合作委员会 Y) d% b9 y( i+ B, h: Z% A8 I u/ J# T7 f ICD Interface Control Document 接口控制文件 ICO Interim Circle Orbit 中高度圆轨道 - J: x, l; L- K, K4 ]8 a 8 M% A& {$ Q# `ICSS Integrated Communications Switching System 综合通信转换系统 2 H* A9 ^; Y/ O ID Identifier(Identification) 标识码(编码、识别标志) 2 X) u! o) \, S" X9 k0 G ID Instrument Departure 仪表离场 ! j1 \0 t& n: k1 g: YIDSG ICAO Internet Working Standards Drafting Group 国际民航组织网间标准起草小组 : [" a G# Z% F; k IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 电气和电子工程师学会 ( ~# p$ N% R. W, z- S9 z, o1 ~5 k IF Intermediate approach Fix 中间进近定位点 8 p% b& ]4 g5 S+ T5 P 2 }9 f+ j0 ]3 q( s% q5 S1 fIFALPA International Federation of Airline Pilots Associations 航空公司驾驶员协会国际联合会 1 P5 ]. `- T0 q+ M* ^0 Z9 t ' Y4 v |5 A7 G* R& r( M, eIFATCA International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers' Associations 空中交通管制员协会国际联合会 1 \" h2 f8 [' Q% J( L4 V! a/ m+ A + j* o) n* l; Q: ^$ ~9 Q% rIFCN Interfacility Flow Control Network 设施(单位)间流量管制网络 - e4 ^- V* Q1 c: S- Q! V / d3 _ e0 o. ?4 ]7 i. NIFF 敌我识别器 F1 C* W9 Q7 L5 ^IFM Integrated Flow Management 综合流量管理 IFR Instrument Flight Rules 仪表飞行规则 " b N3 n! {0 c# `' mIFRB International Frequency Registration Board 国际频率注册委员会 IFSS International Flight Service Station 国际飞行服务站 IBM International Business Machines (美国)国际商用机器公司 ILA International Law Association 国际法律协会 " \- h6 \7 A2 b* b: A$ v! c ILS Instrument Landing System 仪表着陆系统 * v9 ]8 u2 T% K, y, P' T, ^ & Z1 {3 F$ K7 _2 I) mIMA Integrated Modular Avionics 集成化模块式航空电子设备 8 E1 v/ X7 y' gIMAWP Initial Missed Approach Waypoint 起始复飞航路点 4 t, h' g+ G0 I; m. }+ d: w 0 e7 f) A9 ~- s1 X9 M1 ^IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions 仪表气象条件 IMCS Interim MCS 过渡性监控/管制软件 + `! A; A" Y& c: v8 f0 R IMO International Maritime Organization 国际海事组织 IMS Integrity Monitoring System 完好性监视系统 ) f+ |/ ]# o4 b4 q; q+ u' ^$ R( VIN Information Need 信息需求 INMARSAT International Marine Satellite Organization 国际移动卫星组织（原名国际海事卫星组织） INS Inertial Navigation System 惯性导航系统 ' g3 H4 |) H6 T# M/ C& B( f6 Q / ^+ M$ [( u. A T* i! yINS Insert 插入 9 t6 Q9 M* N) d1 G& e INTNET Integrated Data Communications Network 集成化数据通信网络 ( a/ c9 M! u: Y% K& j, m$ X# j2 @ - a) k) h a2 |+ f4 j% ~I/O input/output 输入/输出 IOACG Informal Indian Ocean Air Traffic Services Coordinating Group 非正式印度洋空中交通服务协调小组 IOC Initial Operational Capability 初始运行能力 / w8 _) z5 i5 TIOD GPS Issue of Data 全球定位系统数据发布 4 l4 v. b- A; zION Institute of Navigation 导航学会 , g# u4 y" A. `" y ! b, M7 W8 k- ^3 O1 vIOR Indian Ocean Region 印度洋区域 $ u7 A1 l$ S, N B 3 n% b% K. e) q( _( p. f! Z/ pIOT§E Initial Operational Test and Evaluation 初始运行测试和评估 # c' ~+ y, M+ K3 z# R4 ? IP Internetwork Protocol 网络间协议 + H, |$ L \' c( V0 a" ZIPACG Informal Pacific Air Traffic Control Coordination Group 非正式太平洋空中交通管制协调小组 / d& M5 ?% f$ W* {IRS Inertial Reference System 惯性参考系统 . C7 L+ H) [1 n N: ^1 G/ B7 v # m8 l% Y3 ?) a1 m- t. k1 FISA International Standard Atmosphere 国际标准大气 ) V+ {# P8 D X ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network 综合业务数字网络 ISNS 国际卫星导航服务 - z; y& l; K3 f) }+ a. G& kISO International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织 0 e0 O2 R0 t) @) ZISPACG Informal South Pacific ATS Co-Ordination Group 非正式南太平洋空中交通服务协调小组 ( V+ K2 A5 Q2 ]! {& u" h; D8 M2 O , R$ a3 c) {" A5 r6 i3 B1 J# i" NISSS Initial Sector Suite Subsystem 起始扇区管制席位分系统 ) ?) S( R/ B P0 {# E ITU International Telecommunication Union 国际电信联盟 ( o7 u/ Y8 I l1 o$ r' n O$ k8 E* LITWS Integrated Terminal Weather Service 综合终端气象服务 0 W, C! r5 V, J( H0 h; b/ j IVAD Integrate Voice and Data 综合话音和数据（通信数据链） IVRS Interim Voice Response System 过渡性话音响应系统 5 s0 X2 R' }/ t- E2 i+ A fIWP Interim Working Party 临时工作组 J ' @+ `# T% Q8 B& h" t2 D# ] JAWS Joint Airport Weather Studies 联合机场气象研究 JCAB Japan Civil Aviation Bureau 日本民航局 , h) X& O$ t! B4 p, H) I 3 a1 a% E S1 GJAWS Joint Airport Weather Studies 联合机场气象研究 1 I- {! J$ i- G! W, ` JPO Joint GPS Planning Office 联合GPS规划办公室 JSS Joint Surveillance System 联合监视系统 0 y6 N1 x W: l* OK # J8 j1 m* w4 [& Z2 R$ kKbps Kilo bits per second 千位每秒 KDP Key Decision Point 关键性决定点 " g6 z( q$ K, h7 ykHz Kilohertz 千赫 4 o8 S' R$ O8 z+ E- ^' c + P% d5 G* l5 v8 F) f! T/ iKLAAS Kinematics Local Area Augmentation System 动态地面局域增强系统 8 h0 A+ a; _! d KLADGNSS Kinematics Local Area Differential GNSS 动态地局域差分GNSS kW Kilowatt 千瓦 , W! z7 A4 _, r 3 }/ U9 y5 k& O7 Z* G \kWh Kilowatt hour 千瓦小时 9 s, \1 t4 N) @$ c" \8 t" h L ( A+ j2 {2 q' v4 c4 Q6 S8 g ' F# F. {4 Z7 X9 {7 H0 c fL1 1575.42MHz L-Band carrier L1频率 - w' w! f2 X* l9 K! rL2 1227.6MHz L-Band carrier L2频率 + c/ F1 r; Q. j% Y$ n: H& X; d LAAS Local Area Augmentation System 局域增强系统 / x, E' @- C$ K( dLACAC Latin American Civil Aviation Commission 拉丁美洲民航委员会 : T; K- Y/ y* lLADGNSS Local Area Differential GNSS 局域差分全球卫星导航系统 9 [) O9 Y# I, x% H! F* m+ ^* s LADS 局域差分系统 ! Y1 S9 \% n% q8 Z 8 j& M( y5 L9 ~7 V2 [9 u1 `2 dLAN Local Area Network 局域网 2 e6 g; ~; J$ U # M7 c8 N1 n `+ d: J4 H( O! [LAT/LONG Latitude/Longitude + M# g7 `2 a4 o$ s' h1 N8 Y+ P3 F * N* K% k1 M% K) l G% YLat/Long Reference Waypoint 经/纬度 " Y* Z9 S$ S, g4 [2 d) u " m6 n; O$ B4 x0 ], w0 p- P经/纬度参考点 $ q9 n3 ~! |. d6 \% D7 [' p 0 F* @/ n: n& a rL-Band Approx 1,500MHz L 波段（1500兆赫附近频段） LCD Liquid Crystal Display 液晶显示 LCN Local Communications Network 局域通信网络 LDGPS Local Differential GPS 本地差分GPS 6 V+ p' E. Y2 y" a. t Q8 C 3 a# T2 u* | z1 z, X' M6 TLEO Low Earth Orbit 近地轨道、低高度轨道 LGA Low Gain Antenna 低增益天线 / b8 I# _- E4 l) b6 ?% R 5 L. N, Y# v# T) DLCN Local Communications Network 局域通信网络 : P b1 K- A" G, L' l5 k5 s" m5 N7 VLLWSA(S) Low Level Wind Shear Alert System 低空风切变报警系统 * H6 m6 f& y# _1 Q LMM Locator Middle Marker 航向中指点标 " N2 l, A- {8 z( [LNA Low Noise Amplifier 低噪音放大器 ' z- a2 `$ I8 R8 z4 f; _ - P* q( E B( Z* a5 CLNAV Lateral Navigation 侧向导航 # u T/ k& y( b! q3 N+ aLOC Localize Transmitter(Localizer) 航向台发信机 LOM Locator Outer Marker 航向外指点标 , U& w" H: D# |3 H$ ~) PLON Longitude 经度 LORAN－C Long Range Navigation System 罗兰－C导航系统 4 b0 V) l6 \" c ?3 w8 o LPC Linear Predicative Coding 线性预测编码 4 P* y; h6 O7 U) WLRR Long Range Radar 远程雷达 5 l2 V1 j* f: [$ j LRU Line Replaceable Unit 在线替换部件 5 ]! J( F6 }- Q M( HLSB Least Significant Bit 最低有效位 - {* r0 c" e7 F( [ LVA Large Vertical Aperture 大垂直孔径 M MALSR Medium-intensity Approach Lighting System with Runway alignment indicator lights 中级亮度进近照明系统，并有跑道对准线显示灯 5 C$ l! I9 R! L2 [ 0 O8 t3 Q2 W2 N' D% U4 C. J! w7 oMAP Missed Approach Point 复飞点 MAR Minimally Attended Radar 需低度护理的雷达 MASPS Minimum Aeronautical System Standards 最低航空系统标准 0 \$ f9 g& ^% T% {MASPS Minimum Aircraft (Aviation) System Performance Specification(Standards) 最小飞机(航空)系统性能标准 扩展频谱 : M. k+ D! B6 Z' C- ~ MAWP Missed Approached Waypoint MB Market Beacon 指点标 MBI Message Block Identifier 信息块指示器 . F u' {5 `& L, J/ c% U , \6 f5 w: B/ v) j* embps、Mbit/s mega bits per second 兆位每秒 : H( z2 v# u8 ~1 H7 T+ K3 h; ? MCA Minimum Crossing Altitude 最低穿越高度 MCC Maintenance Control Center 维护控制中心 4 L# r7 u9 l2 [" U4 _ 0 E! b) o4 X$ w9 RMCDU Multifunction Control Display Unit 多功能控制显示单元 2 Z2 [ l/ l( D5 Y/ [ 6 }" b' [6 o& B5 QMCI Mode C intruder 装有C模式应答器的入侵飞机 - G4 W* B/ [2 M9 U* |, O% l+ V5 BMCS Master Control Station 主控站 ! s0 T- `5 l5 U2 E' m3 G, Z . ~/ y X8 E2 z$ ~+ [' c' C! @% XMCS Monitoring/Control Software 监控/管制软件 MDA Minimum Descent Altitude 最低下降高度 ; i9 V/ u& U" s5 B8 D% b+ o6 i: ^( C 8 f7 O4 J: {) WMDT Maintenance Data Terminal 维护数据终端 ! w% A3 {6 m5 \% o MEA Minimum En-route Altitude 最低航路高度 - C1 L8 A, E! s% [ MED Manual Entry Device 人工输入器 ) M# x% {7 X4 } ) B: b/ s2 E* Y V+ r, _( _) jMET Meteorology 气象 ' n- ?3 I! f/ Q. l4 FMETAR Meteorological Report of Aerodrome Conditions 机场条件气象报告 MFCP Multifunction Control Display Panel 多功能控制显示面板 MFDU Multifunction Display Unit 多功能显示单元 . E3 \' ?% [4 |6 \; [7 D 6 h J$ B+ }* L" r* j5 LMHz Megahertz 兆赫 v6 a5 r2 e& J. k7 E . J& P. Z. L" y( uMIDANPIRG Middle East Air Navigation Planning and Implementation Regional Group 中东地区航行规划<请合法使用í?t>实施小组 8 ~) Q: t4 Y# r1 L# c1 M2 k2 } `( _: v, ^3 }' t- t' v. cMIFR Master International Frequency Registration 国际频率注册管理站(员) " {* L) _4 |6 y+ j$ w3 m% F 1 o4 {# ?' P0 G0 sMIL Military 军方 8 }7 l/ _ T v% G0 f2 Z8 i. BMKR Marker 指点标 5 q3 u, C# N' aMLS Microwave Landing System 微波着陆系统 - j, ?5 }$ z# c6 t# l% NMMALS Multi-Mode Approach and Landing System 多模式进近和着陆系统 MMI Man-Machine Interface 人机接口 MMR Multi-Mode Receiver 多模式接收机 " w' B$ U% c8 I MMS Maintenance Management System 维护管理系统 / y) G) v" k R) T9 {9 DMMW Millimeter Wave 毫米波 5 D+ S% _1 F7 T2 X9 F3 N) k / B& Q! C& ]) o4 ~6 vMNPS Minimum Navigation Performance Specification 最低导航性能规范 * s J4 _2 k8 ?. y" e( uMNPSA MNPS airspace 最低导航性能规范空域 , I3 J1 B8 {! P+ u MNT Mach Number Technique 马赫数技术 / X ]. x$ H6 n: cMOCA Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitudes 最低超障净空高度 8 z. n2 A2 j$ b# M* f Mode S specific services S模式特定业务 MODEM Modulator-Demodulator 调制解调器 MOPR Minimum Operational Performance Requirements 最低运行性能要求 MOPS Minimum Operational Performance Standards 最低运行性能规范 ! ]% n! E) B6 N) Q) M" s ! ?8 C( H, }, @ Z) b3 eMORA Minimum Off-Route Altitude <请合法使用软件>低偏离航路高度 5 _ X. f* t6 h2 |- dMOS Metal-Oxide Semiconductor 金属-氧化物半导体 # f" A5 {2 s" y4 q% ?2 e 7 z9 {' e* U% B2 K: e+ [MOU Memorandum Of Understanding 备忘录 MPS Maintenance Processor Subsystem 维护处理机分系统 MRA Minimum Reception Altitude 最低接受高度 . R; z" l [- d7 y. ~ MRT Multi-Radar Tracking 多雷达跟踪 MRT-VU Multi-Radar Tracking using Variable Update 采用变化更新的多雷达跟踪 % f2 N; S" e. S, @/ Y5 ^9 r MSA Minimum Sector Altitude 最低扇区高度 8 P+ F7 O2 f7 U: f( j , n' f! L. Y# t) DMSAT 移动业务卫星系统（美国的） % W' a0 Z2 R& h 2 R& E* U2 g: ]# D3 LMSAW Minimum Safe Altitude Warning 最低安全高度警告 & d; s' `7 X( ^. t3 Y7 e - d8 {2 ^# `. Y. [# g6 `MSCP Mobile Satellite Service Provider 移动卫星业务提供者 ) e1 [* ?3 Q6 G+ ^" q. J 0 X0 U' ^" c d$ [# a/ yMSE Mean Square Error 均方误差 9 N% [. D9 K% Z: {+ \& K6 y MSK Minimum Shift Keying 最小移频键控 2 J, N) c% Q) S# {" A- \ MSL Mean Sea Level 平均海平面 ! v8 ?# O5 ]& W3 b' q) CMSP Mode S specific protocol S模式特别协议(规程) MSU Mode Select Unit 模式选择单元 ' r( p% y2 a% M; j" {* [; B; P0 HMTBA Mean Time Between Alarm(Warning) 平均告警间隔时间 ; J. e5 p. F9 t+ n ! g% d {( T* ^" ~* l+ Y# CMTBF Mean Time Between Failure 平均故障间隔时间 MTBO Mean Time Between Outage 平均故障停工间隔时间 / |/ K9 f' Z& V2 }& @' X$ OMTBR Mean Time Between Repairs 平均故障修复间隔时间 ! p' _8 N; H1 O9 ^MTBUR Mean Time Between Unit Replacements 平均更换故障单元间隔时间 / S$ K+ p n; ]0 S: N" }/ aMTBW Mean Time Between Warning 平均告警间隔时间 8 ]" D4 d! Q: s- r) @ ) G/ I: }+ {/ }8 n! yMTD Maintenance Terminal Display 维护终端显示器 . |5 F9 Q2 P& h# \MTI Moving Target Indicator 活动目标指示器 ; W- |6 j, f9 r& z$ ~/ k; z MTM Module Test and Maintenance 模块测试和维护 2 _- b5 l% b: O/ T! b. x ( h K7 Z3 S9 V. s. p* H( }5 YMTMIU Module Test and Maintenance Bus Interface Unit 模块测试和维护总线接口单元 + v6 b) B/ G. M8 i) x* F5 T MTN MEGA Transport Network MEGA运输网络 + v4 A. w- A [& `9 c) Q+ o' k$ C3 b & X/ R$ m& U& ~& y( v* _MTSAT Multi-Functional Transport Satellite 多功能传送卫星（日本） 4 x7 ^2 K9 U7 X# C2 A: l, m ) J: b! k; F, |MTTDA Mean Time To Dispatch Alert 平均签派告警时间 MTTF Mean Time To Failure 平均故障时间 ) ?: Y, M$ p# B! a5 x MTTM Mean Time To Maintenance 平均维护时间 MTTR Mean Time to Repair 维平均修时间 MTTR Mean Time to Restore 平均恢复时间 MU Management Unit 管理单元 : ~1 L# a: T) ^* XMUS Minimum Use Specification 最低应用规格 . u6 y* ?% F+ j& y MUX Multiplexer 复用器 $ V7 I6 {, Z% k2 H w5 G ! L! Q2 O# H4 j- ^0 Z+ c9 QMN Multisensor Navigation 多传感器导航 : f. [; y( H( u/ C MUX Multiplexer 多工器，复用器 8 ^% Y. q1 {* `4 o& I# B9 w9 WMWARA Major World Air Route Area 世界主要航路区 * {7 l; ~, ?+ M# L % B) q. E# `1 m+ Y3 O$ b$ FMWO Meteorological Watch Office 气象观测台 / j" t, s# e/ u5 X& C" \ 5 n8 x; G% b7 U) i' `N , g3 a; z8 B) f: X, j N Navigation 导航 3 M1 R' Z" L, q* b; g5 H ! a- h; u/ ]6 j6 F$ L% gNA Not Applicable 不可用 $ m$ k9 E& p) b; A- x3 S- T % p7 c! x7 F1 a7 b$ u. \" |6 kNACK Negative Acknowledgment 出错通知 NAD North American Datum 北美数据(基准) 4 ?* k* I2 k- b7 D% _% ?$ a6 M NADIN National Airspace Data Interchange Network 国家空域数据交换网 $ q6 I( H& W D3 F P& |! ~4 j1 L2 f NAGU 咨询报告 , e+ ]9 m( `$ `/ s4 D; K 6 P, K# X, K6 [7 U q' l) I8 \8 BNAILS National Airspace Integrated Logistics Support 国家空域综合后勤保障 & {1 }" Z, a0 D9 Z, _2 ]7 K" k NAPA 国家公共管理科学院（美国） # l7 d3 w% W% P' S( E0 gNanosecond One billionth of a second 十亿分之一秒 NAR National Airspace Review 国家空域审议 . y0 U' k: n. y+ Z& t1 m" | ) `. i7 I( F* L3 m$ TNARACS National Radio Communications System 国家无线电通信系统 5 N: ^$ T' |2 V6 U/ D3 l3 D ? 6 ?+ |9 W' V2 k+ n/ F# W4 ]" \/ ^1 dNAS National Airspace System 国家空域系统 ( A! W" f3 S4 y o7 q NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration 国家航空和宇航局(美国) * ~& K& U% p V+ p1 W NASNET National Airspace System Network 国家空域系统网络 " A# O. d" T4 T% K$ k9 m- g ! w7 [7 [! L" `+ p- M y2 ?NASP National Airport System Plan 国家航空港系统计划 0 Y; ?" M/ s6 R* Z4 N+ C3 ]% u NASPALS NAS Precision Approach and Landing System 国家空域系统进近和着陆系统 $ A7 A. U3 T7 q9 SNAT North Atlantic 北大西洋地区 NAT ADSG North Atlantic Automatic Dependent Surveillance Development Group 北大西洋自动相关监视开发小组 NAT ATS North Atlantic Air Traffic Services 北大西洋空中交通服务 / C! L5 u6 G) z. w5 H+ M . a6 e7 W# y( x7 l; fNAT SPG North Atlantic Systems Planning Group 北大西洋系统规划组 / Y8 n( n% }, u5 q" Y8 ~ NATCOM National Communications Center, Kansas City, Missouri 国家通信中心(位于密苏里州堪萨斯城) NATS National Air Traffic Service 国家空中交通服务 ' U9 y/ ?* O0 Y" e s NAV Navigation 8 ~$ `2 v7 k9 {; k. X2 w7 G : ?) X" a$ f$ A, RNAVAID Navigational Aid 导航设施 * y8 i8 E+ N5 y& E$ [3 K) n ( |; E) D Y8 w; K. cNAVAID Radio Aid to Navigation 无线电助(导)收设备 6 m( b5 q1 n6 s. a1 U9 ~NAVD North American Vertical Datum 北美垂直向数据 9 f/ r/ y0 Q5 s. h, Y NCA National Control Authority 国家指挥当局 & x0 |. B* @/ k: ? k# D5 B/ ZNAWP National Aviation Weather Processor 国家航空气象处理机 6 r' v3 X6 e& b; k g. i $ G+ _* M1 [* K/ R0 C( QNCC Network Control Center 网络控制中心 NCD No-Computed Data 无算出数据 / @3 s! z( O! A, h: uNCIU NEXRAD communications interface unit 改进型气象雷达通信接口单元 u* l+ D2 u+ ? c! nNCP Network Control processor 网络控制处理器 9 h, j5 U# h K5 f" KNCS Network Coordinating Station 网络协调台 ( R' y1 s1 ]( u 0 e1 w# O* c9 XNDB Nondirectional Radio Beacon 无方向信标 9 I, t ]$ U. r$ ^6 { NEAN North European ADS-B Network 北欧ADS－B网络 * {$ x0 M* f% g NEOF National Emergency Operations Facilities 国家应急指挥设施 9 W! |( c+ S0 Q3 z! fNEXRAD Next Generation Weather Radar 改进型气象雷达；下一代气象雷达 NGRS National Geodetic Reference System 国家测地参考系统 ! [8 T: |2 T! K: YNGS National Geodetic Survey 国家测地勘察 1 r0 f2 X( C% w+ R6 z+ ~' CNICS NAS Interfacility Communications System 国家空域系统设施间的通信系统 5 H1 L& C* c: U4 \& u% s- _NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology 国家标准和技术研究所 0 O/ `$ l) `& x' i% B m NLES 导航岸站 7 S5 U2 W4 g }% ?9 r7 x9 rNM (NMI) Nautical Mile 海里,节 & B$ l* k6 r& d NMC National Meteorological Center 国家气象中心(美国) # M9 R1 p5 n* A* D6 [" Y) D2 | , H% C3 g3 L0 c8 J3 [/ ~NMCE Network Monitoring and Control Equipment 网络监控设备 / _( {) \& Y4 c+ t1 d$ ^% I0 bNMDPS Network Management Data Process System 网络管理数据处理系统 7 G: v3 E7 ] }. V/ W NMS Navigation Management System 导航管理系统 : x- {4 ~' Q6 R7 p; z0 {NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 国家海洋和大气局(美国) NOPAC North Pacific 北太平洋 ) B! _8 @$ k: c/ O/ I NOTAM Notice to Airmen 航行通告 1 q3 E8 v0 o$ W& T9 PNPA Non-Precision Approach 非精密进近 : j8 H( i+ U# u / f8 J D! p- _0 F8 TNPDU Network Protocol Data Unit 网络协议数据单元 NPLAS National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems 国家综合航空港系统的计划 6 K' s* r% T* J1 d NRC National Research Committee 国家科学研究委员会（美国的） NSAP Network Service Access Point 网络服务访问点 4 v' O7 [. L' P2 f# x/ i {9 | NSB National Secure Bureau 国家保安局（美国的） 8 m' K# v- y1 W! k) N 2 A* }4 b- S5 | X, w3 RNSC Network Service Centre 网络服务中心 * ^, i. f2 H2 I# c) J! T/ {0 a ]NSDU Network Service Data Unit 网络服务数据单元 / q, w- E9 ^" ?5 U% eNSE Navigation System Error 导航系统误差 s2 e( m- O" H, k, Q; v4 S+ |& g NSSF NAS Simulation Support Facility 国家空域系统的仿真保障设施 / F+ R Z; q h g6 K( j" ^ NTLA National Telecommunications Information Agency 国家电信资料署(美国) # @, n6 Y% }0 {! g7 m7 V3 Y NTSB National Transportation Safety Board 国家运输安全委员会(美国) ) |8 L( d3 d3 A6 F7 Q4 c/ |) w0 uNWS National Weather Service 国家气象服务(美国) / g [5 B3 v; @9 _ O K$ A/ W' G- h/ C- e( V- D, ~; H$ B + a& X# q0 V- Y1 t; N4 A/ p6 eO&M Operation and Maintenance 运行和维修 O.R. Operational Requirement 运营要求 + _" @5 G, O- [5 P; {% A$ K 1 ]: L! _5 O; P, [; p8 Q1 l; }8 fOACC Oceanic Area Control Center 海洋区域管制中心 OAS Obstacle Assessment Surface 障碍物评价面 " a7 A. |0 J! ^ k) X! bOAS Oceanic Automation System 海洋自动化系统 , b% A, k( I2 h , B! E0 Z0 I2 c% k4 u2 YOCA Obstacle Clearance Altitude 超障净高度 $ y; J6 V3 u1 f2 B OCA Oceanic Control Area 海洋管制区 7 P- k: Z$ f$ Z( H OCH Obstacle Clearance Height 超障高 OCM Oceanic Clearance Message 海洋放行许可信息 3 O4 U, Q$ u/ c. C, y4 hOCP ICAO Obstacle Clearance Panel 国际民航组织超障净空专家组 - Z5 q$ y* x1 E/ a, HOCS 运行控制系统 ; A5 `. T8 \. x4 d% Q OCS Obstacle Clearance Surface 超障面 6 y; |0 |5 i9 g7 h5 d1 L1 iODALS Omnidirectional Approach Lighting System 全向进近灯光系统 8 C0 t% ]8 E( b4 D6 G6 q ODAPS Oceanic Display and Planning System 远洋飞行显示和规划系统 9 ]( h i6 C H( J ODF Oceanic Development Facility 海洋开发设施 ; C: O" Z" W3 `2 z8 @/ R( YODIAC Operational Development of Initial Air-ground data Communications 早期空-地数据通信运行开发 + S' ?+ Y! ~( @7 J$ q ) U5 u' V1 q" ]% y5 Y; a* s9 sODL Oceanic Data Link 海洋数据链 OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer 原始设备制造商 ' d$ x0 @$ ^+ M OFDPS Offshore Flight Data Processing System 近海飞行数据处理系统 + C1 S9 H+ j0 g, k8 B; N : e* z) C6 h5 P1 D. P1 o sOLAN Onboard Local Area Network 机载局域网 ( l- L/ h* B3 I0 L6 @/ F# ~* Q5 S1 u9 j . F) ]; I3 A/ t8 ]OLDI On-line Data Interchange 联机数据交换 OMB Office of Management and Budget 国家管理和预算局(美国) - w* E" C2 N$ YOMEGA A navigation system that uses two high-powered transmitter grounds stations to broadcast a continuous wave signal. 奥米加导航系统 ) t' c$ ^8 ]# [/ ~/ h& z+ X ODALS Omnidirectional Approach Lighting System 全向进近灯光系统 OOOI Out-Off-On-In 滑出-起飞-接地-停靠门位 OP Operational 运行 OP SUP Operational Supervisor 运营监督 OPMT Operations Planning Management Team 运营规划管理小组 OPTUS Name of one of Australia's Telecommunications Providers 澳大利亚电信业务提供者之一的名字 OR Operational Requirements 运行要求 ) g3 J% ^6 ^5 l# ?! ` 3 }8 ^" _( t* d& S4 D4 l* SORD Operational Readiness Demonstration 运行准备就绪示范 ORI Orientation 面向 OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration 职业安全和卫生局(美国) . {& {$ ]6 R8 g8 h4 f $ k2 |2 V4 L- g7 \. mOSI Open Systems Interconnection 开放系统互联 OSST FAA Oceanic Separation Standard Team 联邦航空局海洋间隔标准小组（美国） 2 O: S7 h: M. m0 g' q; \5 V( y OTA Office of Technology Assessment 技术评估办公室(美国) 1 I! g& H( N! x2 J- O. `! m7 W: ~ OTC Overseas Telecommunications Company 海外通信公司 OTS Organized Track Structure 编组航迹系统 P-Code Precision Code (精)P-码 % t3 I% r# j- V ) L b" Q* M" _* k/ ]2 H- |! O! M7 Voxy Oxygen 氧气 & i' [" i/ C9 gP P 精密码（军用码） PA Preassignment Arrangement 预先分配 : u+ t* J% C. _- h) `9 y1 }( v PAC Pacific 太平洋 : b5 d h4 F3 z% b PACOTS Pacific Organized Track System 太平洋组织的跟踪系统 PANS Procedures for air navigation services 空中航行服务程序 / O$ A# g6 h: jPANS-OPS Procedures for Air Navigation Services-Aircraft Operations 航行服务-航空器运营程序 PANS/RAC Procedures for Air Navigation Services-Rules of the Air Traffic 空中导航服务程序，空中交通服务规则 - u: H* |$ d3 PPAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator 精密进近航道指示器 & ]! }6 _% A9 f5 k' e2 e p- U9 R$ h4 O2 l0 c6 iPAR Precision Approach Radar 精密进近雷达 % i% U. m8 o2 R, K 1 K( t7 ]% N9 P- k) u, d, fPATWAS Pilots Automatic Telephone Weather Answering Service 驾驶员电话询问气象的自动回答服务 PCA Positive Control Area 绝对管制区 - C2 V2 w0 a. C* ]PCC Pilot Controller Communication 驾驶员管制员通信 ) A& B( v/ V% v8 v 8 _# e( Y! U. NPCFL Pre-Cleared Flight Level 预放行高度 - d% U8 W8 E, Z$ F% d: ZPCI Protocol Control Information 协议控制信息 $ e" t' k, @$ B$ k2 G" I3 i8 e PCM Pulse Code Modulation 脉码调制 + Q0 l; F, b, H# _2 w' T * j/ W8 n6 h7 }& B, b* Y1 w% l. `# XP-Code The GPS precision code GPS精密码（军用码） " W8 p: j! s, P PCS Power Conditioning System 电力调节系统 PDC Pre-Departure Clearance 起飞前放行许可 4 E! N$ Q7 o9 oP-DME Precision Distance Measuring Equipment 精密测距仪 PDN Public Data Network 公共数据网 PDOP Position Dilution of Precision 位置精度扩散因子 PEDI Planning, Education, Demonstration and Implementation 规划、教育、演示和实施 1 ? O$ b5 u6 V7 Y PER Packed Encoding Rules 分组编码规则 PET Pacific Engineering Trials 太平洋工程试验 9 D* m6 _1 N3 N7 S3 E1 Z& p7 _- P ' u$ `+ e& H6 t& y1 ~9 PPF Position Fix Error 位置固定误差 % [8 e" J% @: l" D$ @; g + e; |9 F& Z: sPFCS Primary Flight Control System 主要飞行控制系统 , v( E+ c- G2 B2 c! P & \3 z' l, R6 q7 m' y; c; V) xPFE Path Following Error 路径跟踪误差 ( ^* ]$ }/ n1 U8 g2 P, b/ d! d : a$ D# h! G( v& z5 b- j0 `% ]5 @PFL Planned Flight Level 计划飞行高度 ( k% \4 N' _7 `2 h* ]9 GPHARE Program for Harmonized ATM Research in EUROCONTROL 欧安局空中交通管理研究协调计划 PIAC Peak Instantaneous Aircraft Count 瞬时峰值飞机数目 PIREP Pilot Report 驾驶员报告 $ O8 ^5 b7 G, W) ? W 2 A4 {) x& @* ]7 C( |PL Psuedolite 伪卫星 - j) V) p$ u$ {# ZPN Pseudo-noise 伪噪音 2 X" e( C$ t/ X! Q; K 1 A1 G3 c2 ^: P! y+ ~2 _: q& `" J/ a0 `PNCS Performance Navigation Computer System 导航计算机系统性能 POB Persons On Board 机上人员 ! u3 E0 _; Q! W9 ^3 ^ : J! ~. \! @5 I4 k4 Y8 IPOC Proof Of Concept 概念验证 * G9 r+ s$ C) l$ p% t+ ? POR Pacific Ocean Region 太平洋区域 ) m% R g) h0 u$ V: B2 U/ k PPS Precise Positioning Service 精密定位服务 4 F6 D+ |2 [& _1 D0 F* e6 O. A7 I PR Psuedo-Range 伪距离 6 Z$ O/ b9 Q2 y4 \2 y PRC Pseudorange Correction 伪距校正 PRE Pseudo-Range Error 伪距误差 0 O- ]$ x' v, k, f0 i( C/ DPRF Pulse Repetition Frequency 脉冲重复频率 , Y8 ^" q1 q; O/ _% @5 J, IPPI Plan Position Indicator 平面位置显示器 PRM Precision Runway Monitoring 精密跑道监视 PRN Pseudo Random Number 伪随机噪数字 % ^" @+ h. Y9 t& BPROFS Program for Regional Observing and Forecasting Services 地区观测和预报服务项目 ! N. j7 O7 X6 ^, v" H. L- [ ) N% {& X, f) y0 i; y3 w5 uPRR Pseudo-Range Rate 伪距变化率 8 b3 T4 Y5 v+ Z8 C' p PSK Phase Shift Keying 相移键控 3 s8 \- g2 o- {) X8 }) {PSR Primary Surveillance Radar 一次监视雷达 l3 t8 I3 ~, z6 N( [: NPSTN Public Switched Telecommunications Network 公共电信交换网 % G% J7 S8 f" m1 U3 ~0 i/ ^8 a9 v PTR Production Test Requirements 产生测试请求 7 Z. `# j" z( B4 b( [8 v1 v PTT Push To Talk 按下发话 ; `3 i9 E, ?& I+ _/ z V: u2 fPTT Post、Telegraph、Telephone 邮政、电报、电话 . K( @, c1 B+ X: O* C9 T, d1 f% O 5 K; j" J! {5 B. K6 _( [PUPS Principal User Processor 主要用户处理器 . D# \: J4 I, ~2 _& s PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit 永久性虚拟电路 2 Q+ E4 g3 X: N" W . l$ T5 @% M/ e$ gPVD Plan View Display 平面图显示器 % D/ r1 |2 V9 ]1 x! B' L7 [3 z 9 s# P% Z# @, ~' rPVT Position, Velocity, Time 位置、速度、时间 . F! S0 b. p+ y8 s7 D. \ PZ－90 基准坐标系统（俄罗斯） * \4 y2 G, h, @7 L7 C& ` ( X6 D, R% h6 DQ : X( E2 m) y- n0 fQAM Quadrate Amplitude Modulation 正交调幅 . p( Q- @- Q# e: M4 K: v1 n+ o' Z QC Quality Control 质量控制 . f0 P) w4 }! y) X& t) \ 5 i" Y6 ^* _" p0 Q+ a; IQFE Atmospheric Pressure at Aerodrome Elevations or at Runway Threshold 在机场海拨高度或跑道端头的大气压 4 F: Y& P. z, G5 y# @QNH Altimeter Sub-scale Setting to obtain Elevation when off the Ground 高度表示刻度设置以得到离地时的海拨高 度 6 z4 ?5 E" f. T+ A4 [: H3 f QOP Quality Operating Procedures 质量操作程序 % c: L+ d% a* U, ]3 }QOS Quality-Of-Service 服务质量 QPSK Quadruple Phase Shift Keying 四相相移键控 R R&D Research and Development 研究和开发 % ?; u: d/ B( J1 k0 n0 s & I1 y9 a6 k3 D" Y& _) j2 g9 NR,E&D Research, Engineering and Development 研究, 工程和开发 9 v# Y+ L7 C y0 J) PRA Resolution Advisory 解脱咨询 + U7 t3 L7 l7 E/ o7 Q, r2 i RAAS Regional Augmentation System 区域增强系统 / Y& |- ~! {0 s' O( x+ s7 |2 I 7 q c- d. S$ y& `5 H$ ARAC Rules of the Air and ATS 空中规则和空中交通服务 1 n0 p! C0 B) s0 K/ H- f9 \RACGAT Russian/American Coordinating Group on Air Traffic Control 空中交通管制俄/美协调组 0 P9 V; p( |" }9 E }4 d/ W0 ?1 z; JRADNET Radar Data Network 雷达数据网 4 t% ^) j) u, ^ E8 f/ w# Y 7 N# _, |+ H* w5 iRADS Radar Alphanumeric Display System 雷达字母和数字显示系统 ; o: t) A1 T/ M5 g+ k3 ]. M2 ERAFC Regional Area Forecast Center 区域预报中心 ' ]& G( |* \: V# _" t; i3 qRAI Radio Altimeter Indicator 无线电高度指示器 RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring 接收机自主完好性监测 - i5 c! `7 N: ]RAMP Radar Modernization Project 雷达现代化计划 RAPPS Remote Area Precision Positioning System 边远地区精密定位系统 3 a& _& K$ p5 u8 B; o6 G - V" ^% B, X. ^0 NRAN Regional Air Navigation 区域空中导航 RBDS Radio Broadcast Data System 无线电广播数据系统 RCAG Remote Center Air/Ground communications facility 空对地通信设施的遥控中心 7 ?; W8 [7 Z9 a5 B) h/ dRCC Rescue Coordination Center 援救协调中心 * J, G* K$ s! p. o1 [/ lRCCC Regional Communications Control Center 地区通信控制中心 # W p( {0 i- {* B* D. b/ P4 O8 v RCE Radio Control Equipment 无线电控制设备 ; `/ Y$ K, E8 i! O' r* D9 MRCF Radio Communication Failure 无线电通信故障 ; o& z* e& D5 b. ?3 }4 D- x RCF Remote Communications Facility 遥控通信设施 8 i- a% ]; R4 O1 M, ] 1 e1 w5 J* `7 `$ ]RCL Radio Communications Link 无线电通信链路 RCL Runway Center Line 跑道中心线 $ u' v" g, {! M RCO Remote Communications Outlet 遥控通信引出线 V8 ~! v% P7 Y, P2 [* nRCP Required Communication Performance 所需通信性能 # {+ Q' H# ]# d5 n/ v5 l. K8 O xR&D Research and Development 研究和开发 & e6 ~( J7 ?' {7 J, |/ [ $ I# W) y8 Y2 vRDARA Regional and Domestic Air Route Area 地区和国内航路区 , ` }. B, o: Z7 }" URDF Radar Data Function 雷达数据功能 1 l2 Q# ~* ?, o6 C0 | RDH Reference Datum Height 基准高度 * S0 F8 A4 p( x, wRDMI Radio Distance Magnetic Indicator 无线电距离磁指示器 RDP Radar Data Processing 雷达数据处理 3 v6 Z0 b! P! W" d RDPS Radar Data Processing System 雷达数据处理系统 9 O2 i% P. j$ R' \* ?% d5 E7 { / K% m; V! H& y' pRDS Radio Data System 无线电数据系统 RDSS Radio Determination Satellite Service 无线电测位卫星系统 RDT&D Research, Development, Trials and Demonstrations 研究、开发、试验和演示 8 ]8 d+ m9 G+ c, n( F& E! p8 t( E7 \RECAP Reliability Evaluation and Corrective Action Program 可靠性评估和修改工作项目 & P/ }/ t3 M7 L; a5 _; |- y) qREIL Runway-End Identification Lights 跑道终端识别灯；跑道终端标志灯 $ O$ K$ l, l& l. ?0 o8 \$ \RF Radio Frequency 无线电频率 5 W/ M% u- v0 B2 b / z- U, @- ~' ?# P Q/ ARFI Radio Frequency Interference 无线电频率干扰 : O9 R9 o2 d* ? t" RRFP Request for Proposal 提案建议 RFTP Request For Technical Proposal 技术建议提案 & t1 k$ O0 F3 L5 {5 F $ R1 [9 m3 i# z, g0 `, Z- eRFU Radio Frequency Unit 射频组件 ) P# b6 ]+ c( E0 ^ $ s2 n3 j9 d# ~* I& DRGCSP ICAO Review of the General Concept of Separation Panel 国际民航组织飞行间隔总概念审查专家组 ' ]! t) m: H6 F; \2 c) C0 \) @ H % V6 ?6 c0 f s4 o2 {9 q8 iRGIC Ranging GNSS Integrity Channel 全球导航系统完好性信道范围 RGS Remote Ground Station 远端地面站 0 }% W6 c5 \( _# P3 b& v8 H0 o / g! D5 I% p7 K( p3 U& PRHCP Right-Hand-Circular Polarized 右旋圆极化 1 }* T" c, ^( R9 ?3 W1 m. ]! L$ S ( C; S+ C* [# w5 B; x2 I' q! qRLASM Reduced Lateral Separation Minima 减小的最小侧向间隔 * L- d& A8 K8 Y; m2 A: y2 BRLLS runway lead-in lighting system 跑道引进灯光系统 RLOSM Reduced Longitudinal Separation Minim 减小的最小纵向间隔 R&M Reliability and Maintainability 可靠性和可维护性 4 t Y8 y, Z, m. p x! X, k5 URML Radar Microwave Link 雷达微波链路 RMM(S) Remote Maintenance Monitoring System 远端维护监视系统 RMS Reference Monitoring Station 基准监控站 RMS Remote Monitoring Subsystem 远端监视分系统 RMS Root-Mean-Square 均方根值 RMSC RMS Concentrators 远端监视分系统集中器 $ {, d' a7 h8 O 1 j0 Y/ ~5 P( u# a7 hRNAV Area Navigation 区域导航 " W- y; g# e4 U% a oRNG Range 距离、范围 ( k. t- |8 l, S$ \! }, k1 | RNP Required Navigation Performance 所需导航性能 & H7 g) [' y" Q) N8 [ RNPC Required Navigation Performance Capability 所需要导航性能能力 6 \+ i( a; [0 }$ xRNP GM Guidance Material for Required Navigation Performance 所需导航性能指导材料 RO Roll Out 出厂、装备完备 ROB Right Outboard 右（飞机）外侧、右（飞机）机翼翼尖处 . ^7 R* m5 w( `& _& GROC Rate Of Climb 爬升率 / K( i, f1 {8 N% Z9 d9 j3 o& _ C* G # I0 l! L% v+ D# r* R5 |8 q' kROD Rate Of Descent 下降率 . r1 t. j" | N: v, N6 j $ |9 j( y" q' i# c9 n$ sRPG Radar Products Generator 雷达分量发生器 ) g2 i1 L- d4 q7 ]$ O 0 J; \4 y3 H6 rRPS Radar Position Symbol 雷达位置符号 " d' j2 [3 `8 o8 T. lRRWDS Radar Remote Weather Display System 雷达远端气象显示系统 RSC Rescue Sub-Center 援救分中心 + Y% K7 P: z% W1 o; ^RSP Required System Performance 所需系统性能 6 Y& e" s% f( H$ A: xRSS Root-Sum-Square ( root of squares sum) 平方和根值 - R0 N/ s2 P0 N- H5 H2 F6 N* YRSSCD Runway Surface Condition 跑道道面情况 7 C, U K+ h- c5 T; XRTA Required Time of Arrival 要求的到达时间 `" h u# t( y1 ^$ e1 Z/ uRTCA Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics 航空无线电技术委员会 , }/ C9 O5 Z) z2 A0 i |2 \RTCM Radio Technical Commission for Maritime 海事无线电技术委员会 ) Q& s O/ e# J$ Z5 J% H! v$ J% d RTD Research and Technical Development 研究和技术开发 & O' E4 Q/ K* i$ L! DRTDGPS Real-Time DGPS 实时差分全球定位系统 RTI Real-Time Interrogate 实时询问器 $ G8 D9 J, r; e4 }2 \ + L6 |" z( D+ w! n2 [/ r' @RTK Real Time Kinematics carrier tracking 实时动态载波跟踪（技术） RTR Remote Transmitter/Receiver 远端无线电收/发信机 9 k: I$ S9 B0 W6 U. ^6 a9 } - N; L' W9 K; t- x/ ORTS Request To Send 请求发送 - w) t/ ?$ c8 L& U" Q9 Y 3 u$ s3 r, U) z6 c: p* M- XRVR Runway Visual Range 跑道视程 5 Y- ^# ]" W+ T% \* s) iRVSM Reduced Vertical Separation Minima 缩减的垂直间隔最低标准 7 c% A2 i/ ]/ c/ T2 `RVV Runway Visibility Value 跑道能见度值 9 f% q) c& Z( y) n RWY Runway 跑道 ' E3 e0 x f9 p5 U% M, m2 [4 i2 Z 6 k6 j9 D ]! O5 u7 \S 3 K) h8 G2 K0 M9 p 1 a. y, v x' [/ F5 }S Surveillance 监视 ' N" s$ g. a5 g( a. d ^9 O 1 b+ p. p, ^; k6 L# h s9 f) |; lSA Selective Availability 选择可用性 0 g+ i" \( r+ J ) g7 A7 W4 T6 O$ s ?9 P% o5 @SAR Search And Rescue 搜索与救援 - |; M! D2 {3 ?& }9 c `3 _0 J5 Z( w" m1 q% S2 d) fSAR System Analysis Recorder 系统分析记录器 4 a$ q7 q4 f8 G Y: r1 Q SARPs（SARP） Standard and Recommended Practices 标准和建议措施 SARSR Air route surveillance radar 航路监视雷达 " q- r: r7 s: l* _ 2 l) s& K' m0 G+ j/ DSATCOM Satellite Communication 卫星通信 / _- I& H& g+ u2 \3 d& L9 wSCAA 瑞典民航局 SCAT Special Category 特别类型 5 y$ a1 O) L6 dSCAT-I Special Category-I precision approach 特别Ⅰ类精密进近 # A7 H5 n: ~1 C1 t/ U' }1 Y* f SCDU Satellite Control Data Unit 卫星控制数据单元 ) }* z8 H, K' W5 t" \( U SCPC single channel per carrier 单路单载波 " T0 b! \* q/ q9 A! i' Z SCSI Small Computer System Interface 小型计算机系统接口 0 M* y3 |- T) d2 d, n0 Y7 Q, Z SD standard deviation 标准偏差 / Q, M2 Y- U4 Y6 ] ) B- M$ b; y) W& \/ V6 _SDM Space Division Multiplex 空分复用 1 t* P3 x7 t, m SDM System Definition Manual 系统定义手册 SDMA Space Division Multiple Access 空分多址 - v1 {6 P0 V7 zSDU Satellite Data Unit 卫星数据组件 SEI System Engineering and Integration 系统工程和集成 7 M! _ x1 ~6 H 8 L- c/ c6 P: C6 _+ S$ V+ WSELCAL Selective Calling system 选择呼叫系统 ! z9 r0 K5 s" z2 \ , J2 V" G& T0 x4 z, ] U- ?! lSEP Spherical Error Probability 球形误差概率 . |$ }4 _8 R8 Y4 c- E. \SET System Embedded Training 系统附带培训 ( u! d7 |6 D2 f, |5 b1 p" T8 E SICAS Secondary Surveillance Radar Improvements and Collision Avoidance 二次监视雷达改进和防撞系 统（国际民航组织） 0 H: |& \* K N5 M o SICASP ICAO Secondary Surveillance Radar Improvements and Collision Avoidance Panel 国际民航组织二次监视雷达改进和防撞系 统专家组 SID Standard Instrument Departure 标准仪表离场 1 j9 P5 {# a- Q/ R, |* q6 HSIF Standard Interchange Format 标准相互交换格式 1 j0 ^1 R. [: hSIGMET Significant Meteorological Information 重要气象信息 $ p3 u7 I x& ` SIGWX Significant Weather 重要天气 & w% G% Y6 `+ }8 u q* ? 3 N3 `3 f0 i5 }" H8 LSITA International Society for Aeronautical Telecommunications 国际航空电信协会 SIU Satellite Interface Unit 卫星接口单元 % g6 q; e: Q5 nSLAP Standard Instrument Approach Procedure 标准仪表进近程序 ! P# ~" a* I6 } 9 G( M$ H0 g4 e- k- E. t3 XSLS Satellite-based Landing System 星基着陆系统 : d' X* B: ^/ z' k 2 `6 z0 s7 g- M3 o8 M. O6 KSM 保密模块 2 {3 c1 W0 m0 W6 l$ H( G5 LSMC System Management and Communication 系统管理和通信 2 i' Y# P3 T0 j" I5 [" ] 8 H' n! F/ Q0 }0 GSMC Surface Movement Control 场面活动管制 4 T+ X- M: H7 m: E SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems 场面活动引导和控制系统 SMMC System Maintenance Monitor Console 系统维护监控台 SMR Surface Movement Radar 场面活动监视雷达 4 q" `# b! Y) G* x( l% f+ Z T SNOWTAM A special NOTAM for notifying snow. ice etc. 雪情通告 $ J0 o$ [: I6 ~ V; a SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio 信噪比 ' N2 ~/ h! P1 R+ q8 MSOIT Satellite Operational Implementation Team 卫星运行实施小组 / ~: t% w$ e: [$ J+ o SOLAS Safety of Life at Sea(IMO standard) 洋区生存安全标准（IMO） 7 m7 T, S: d4 m' NSOP Standard Operating Procedure 标准运行程序 ' i; {/ L8 ]9 k6 a9 {. l SPDS Space-based Position Determination System 星基位置测定系统 SPS Standard Position Service 标准定位服务 ; ] B! k- K) R7 u ) c }! P" _- T z9 H8 }; M8 }SRADD Software Requirements And Design Description 软件要求和设计描述 , S5 \8 X2 }8 b C9 [! s% NSRD System Requirements Document 系统需求文件 ' V. v/ }: B# _8 w; y9 ` : }) A3 c7 j2 Q, eSRR Search and Rescue Region 搜寻和援救区 9 C) [( A0 ?0 }; V ~, d+ F# T4 s SSALF Simplified Short Approach Lighting System with sequenced Flashing lights 简易短距进近近灯光系统,并有 顺序闪光灯 # }- D2 g' J1 d9 Q4 f$ Q" o SSALR Simplified Short Approach Lighting system with Runway alignment indicator lights 简易短距进近灯光系统, 并有跑道对准线指示灯 ; x9 u- N$ U; }SSB Single Sideband 单边带 4 ~; O0 n6 x0 [6 ]$ L9 I1 ASSF System Support Facility 系统保障设施 ' ^1 M E# _( NSSL System Support Laboratory 系统保障实验室 - M" }( F0 l! j3 E. }0 ^ SSMA Spreaded Spectrum Multiple Access 扩频多址 & z* e S0 _, Z/ a$ v! y, e. N/ s3 r$ ? SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar 二次监视雷达 - P9 r. u: G6 v, r7 I ( M( M! s& V h4 M4 NSSR Mode A/C Secondary Surveillance Radar 二次监视雷达A/C模式 , W, S H! r* k3 @0 [' ~* W, |) [ SSR Mode S Secondary Surveillance Radar with Selective Addressing 二次监视雷达S模式（选址模式） ) X9 G1 i* D: n3 a! a* l# | + V- X& F0 _5 |& m8 E, E# GSSSC Single Sideband Suppressed Carrier 单边带抑制载波 # L/ S' D! W3 u2 V+ ~5 D2 c' h: k0 J+ i6 b SST Supersonic Transport 超音速运输机 5 E3 J8 Z2 B" p: W. H2 j 1 h! P2 I- f4 A8 @STAR Standard Instrument Arrival Routes 标准仪表进场航线 1 R. `$ \8 d+ K( S. C9 y8 N9 w* j& `STC Supplementary type certification 补充型号认证 STCA Short Term Conflict Alert 短期冲突告警 0 m4 q* N8 ?7 D6 \% Z" e- [ STDMA Self- organizing Time Division Multiple Access (datalink) 自组织时分多址 % v! g/ Q1 } j6 h4 ?9 m STEP Service Test and Evaluation Program 服务试验和评估项目 STOL Short Take Off and Landing 短距起飞和着陆 5 q6 R+ @9 V$ F* q7 R5 Y" YSTP Standard Temperature and Pressure 标准气温和气压 SV Space Vehicle 空间运载体(卫星) & }) Q& U, k. a; f, o h \" X3 @1 j# ]: N/ i" \6 Y% [SVN Space Vehicle Number 卫星号 * x( Z7 g8 q" h {5 `; f ' ^3 C0 i6 Q; q; fSVS Synthetic Vision System 综合视景系统 % S4 |' {( Y2 q7 ~- N7 @/ e a' u$ u# Q9 r0 [2 |/ R0 K, xSVU Satellite Voice Unit 卫星话音单元 , S B& j9 Q! \8 [ S/W Software 软件 " K; Y2 X; i& V( V T ( K4 K! r+ Q8 {; A T&E Test and Evaluation 试验和评估 ) d* T5 ?3 K5 I' Q+ i4 N2 U: bTA Traffic Advisory 交通咨询 TA Transition Altitude 过渡高度 9 T/ g- K' t; q/ O3 w* k TAA Terminal Advanced Automation 终端高级自动化 / @# m) {$ f: o) @ TACAN Tactical Air Navigation 战术空中导航（塔康导航系统） TACS Technical Activities Committee 技术工作委员会 - D" _, z( H4 @: z- \TARTAR Meeting for the planning and coordination of implementation of ATS Routes Through the Airspace of the Russian Federation, including Middle Asia 通过俄联邦包括中亚的ATC航路实施协调和规划会议 TAS True Air Speed 真空速 4 E* h0 n9 b! WTBA To be Announced 待发布 ) `4 m" K& m; K7 Y# c0 _6 e! ZTBD To Be Determined 待定 TC Type Certificate 型号认证 2 O0 I& {9 Z$ u* e! R 8 e/ G, A7 _* {, y+ VTCA Terminal Control Area 终端区 TCAS Traffic (alert and) Collision Avoidance System 交通（告警和）避撞系统 # S/ d3 H+ D" w' q. D% yTCASⅠ Traffic (alert and) Collision Avoidance SystemⅠ 一类TCAS（提供告警） ! t2 ~: f3 T! B* B# BTCASⅡ Traffic (alert and) Collision Avoidance SystemⅡ 二类TCAS（提供告警并提供冲突咨询） $ V6 L8 k. g) C- Z9 P 9 ~& w% x8 u) c4 Y5 lTCC Terminal Control Center 终端管制中心 - ^: h& X, Q' r, ITCCC Tower Control Computer Complex 塔台管制计算机组 TCH Threshold Crossing Height 跑道入口跨越高度 0 [' ? @: t0 I2 B TCM Technical Coordination Meeting 技术协调会 / x4 g/ D% o4 @ 3 Q `+ B6 S; }8 `TCP Transport Control Protocol 运输控制规程(协议) TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internetwork Protocol 传输控制协议/网络间协议 4 e; z/ |" P8 Z+ ^$ U% M/ ]8 t TCS Tower Communications System 塔台通信系统 9 ]& V; e1 ?- a u$ h TCWP Threshold Crossing Waypoint 跑道跨越点 TDLS Tower Data Link System 塔台数据链系统 TDM Time Division Multiplex 时分复用 TDM Track Definition Message 跟踪定义信息 2 i/ Q! j3 A' D% Q8 f0 Q7 b TDMA Time Division Multiple Access 时分多址 * C; W1 y1 e6 {7 m/ `" nTDOP Time Dilution Of Precision 时间精度扩散因子 0 `- ]6 w& n, U% R3 V" |% ~9 k3 \% | TDWR Terminal Doppler Weather Radar 终端多普勒气象雷达 TDZ Touch-Down Zone 接地区域 TELCO Telephone Company 电话公司 TERPS Terminal Instrument Procedures 终端仪表程序 ! @: n1 ]0 S/ o* }4 T/ LTFTS Terrestrial Flight Telephone System 全球飞行电话系统 ) n% v7 T2 [( S7 {8 q) e TGL Touch and Go Landing 连续起落 THR Threshold 跑道入口 TIS Traffic Information Service(uplinking of Mode S data) 交通情报服务（S模式数据上行链） * s. {# B% }1 z+ ]6 d/ L TKE Track Angle Error 航迹误差 3 e; ]9 j8 g k/ q . C5 ]8 n7 Q" a6 xT/L Top-Level 顶层（设计） TL Transition Level 过渡层(级) % d2 H% ^* T0 ?' U* p5 rTLS Target Level of Safety 安全目标等级 0 K. n% L- F$ k4 z) y- k! v9 STMA Terminal Control Area 终端控制区 ' _- [5 O3 C# H3 W ! |8 `% t ~# w( U& i. a+ [; h, xTMA Terminal Maneuvering Area 终端机动区 TML Television Microwave Link 电视微波链路 $ C1 ^& a8 G3 \1 Z ( t3 s( {6 h) x/ }7 i% gTMP Traffic Management Processor 交通管理处理器 7 `2 O* V* s: Z4 }3 Y$ C TMS Traffic Management System 交通管理系统 % Q' f+ @. ~& [) YTMT 电信移动卫星公司（加拿大） C. R: L$ F. h$ y0 x) C# [' ? TMU Traffic Management Unit 交通管理单元 6 Q1 Q# O$ C0 a' `# ] r TN 挪威电信公司 ) i9 N" J5 p+ K( @( _7 ?) zTNA Turn Altitude 转弯高度 TNH Turn Height 转弯高 TOC Top of Climb 爬高顶点 TOD Top of Descent 下降极限 4 V$ z: m0 ]- }7 n TOGA（TO/GA） Take-Off, Go-Around 起飞、复飞 9 V. v" _) e7 |$ \( I2 M9 N TPX Military beacon system 军用信标系统 ( |' w1 d3 q, T0 w6 I. l. b T/R Receiver-Transmitter 收发信机 TRACAB Terminal Radar Approach Control in the tower Cab 在塔台舱的终端雷达进近管制 TRACON Terminal Radar Approach Control 终端雷达进近管制 * X; Y- u- @* Z+ kTRACS Terminal Radar and Control System 终端雷达和控制系统 7 k* z4 J- E& _" \/ j9 [0 I0 s TREAT Trans EUR/ASIA Air Traffic Management Initiative(for FANS-1 Equipped Aircraft ) 跨欧亚空中交通管理启动项目（提供给装备FANS－1的航空器使用） ! b; P% [5 C9 V3 U. j# r TRP Mode S Transponder S模式应答器 . l! t+ q$ S$ h( I8 x5 _; ] + r: d, A5 V+ p& ^TRSA Terminal Radar Service Area 终端雷达服务区域 5 A0 U: T8 H( Z9 X ) c, p! Y+ R1 ^TSC DOT Transportation System Center 运输部运输系统中心(美国) TSD Traffic Situation Display 交通状态显示器 7 h. w0 N- p, x" q ' s6 ?# X' P; E; H5 k- _TSE Total System Error 总系统误差 9 Z- G2 |; L- e/ C: X. s' eTSO Technical Standards Order 技术标准指令 , B( T" o& W1 TTSR Terminal Surveillance Radar 终端监视雷达 9 s* @# z* l1 Y2 \1 | TSSF Terminal System Support Facility 终端系统保障设施 , c7 E. S. F9 `" e0 S6 Y8 p TAA Terminal Advanced Automation 终端高级自动化 6 u* Y6 |7 ]3 K2 s8 ?) B TV Television 电视 & C$ u& ?! s% ?$ p/ D0 P V" OTVOR Terminal VOR 终端甚高频全向信标 4 X+ {: C6 a& \ . D, z' _3 {/ c4 y/ u, o8 aTWDL Two-Way Data Link 双向数据链 & Y, |- l/ Y% l/ N 3 z) I! f ]7 }4 y" Z4 n' U8 d9 nTWEB Transcribed Weather Broadcast 抄录的气象广播 5 u! o9 \3 s; R5 \& Z1 ~3 y( @6 STWR Tower 塔台 U * {, I& ?% M" o 7 `& N- ~* D: D8 K% c" r# sUAC Upper Area Control Center 高空区域管制中心 % l6 R0 L, T) Y8 g/ { : G4 d1 W5 n3 U% |, K, h$ |0 W4 @UAR Upper Air Route 高空航路 & ^! E2 \$ D9 I8 R2 p/ s( D; L, j UAV Uniform Annual Values 年均值 - z' |1 g8 D% c3 H+ p4 e+ U UDRE User Differential Range Error 用户差分测距误差 ) y$ G% w5 e' t+ M8 J0 G4 c UDS 国家差分系统 - ~* \" V, R; \9 W1 C 1 l2 T% j) T1 s! J& {& NUERE User Equivalent Range Error 用户等效测距误差 - p+ Z' A8 k, [2 N9 T$ J UFDR Universal Flight Data Recorder 通用飞行数据记录器 UHF Ultra High Frequency(300-3000MHz) 特高频 " U+ O) i" q6 V2 Z. F! Y" V* ZUIC Upper Information Center 高空情报中心 UIR Upper Flight Information Region 高空飞行情报区 % {& B* a) V% p m& Y $ A& v+ @8 ], k P D/ v; l8 zULR Ultra Long Range 超远程 ; h$ _9 m2 m( |" Y& X/ p' h2 a+ bUNDP United Nations Development Program 联合国开发计划署 7 b8 \+ Z6 g4 J* \) ~. \5 fUPS Uninterruptible Power System 不间断供电系统 # a) m* d6 E# [7 L9 A * ]2 ^' T& b. ]* }3 h0 IURA User Range Accuracy 用户测距精度 8 ^# e4 A) |$ ~* [ URE User Range Error 用户测距误差 " E+ l; s0 D9 W. `. c- f3 D USAF United States Air Force 美国空军 8 ^; D, S* j" ~( L7 [ USCG United State Coast Guard 美国海岸警卫队 7 J" P. C' V( U5 x: E$ A& tUTA Upper Control Area 高空管制区 UTC Universal Time Coordinated 世界协调时 # s+ I7 z3 u5 {! L* z 9 G3 b; _1 ]' H L# T( R4 x3 v) ?UUHF Ultra High Frequency 超高频 V 6 c% \& B" y# h2 b y3 X8 qV1 Critical engine failure velocity 发动机失效速度 / x/ U, B; p" ^2 s5 S p' { 5 f' T5 {% Q6 | C, w5 D0 P1 mV2 Takeoff climb velocity 起飞爬升速度 VAC Visual Approach Chart 目视进近图 : u0 u% j; n- O* l" x( C% j VASI(S) Visual Approach Slope Indicator System 目视进近坡度指示系统 0 P4 j4 {' p% { VCS Voice Communication System 话音通信系统 VDL VHF Datalink 甚高频数据链 VDOP Vertical Dilution Of Precision 垂直精度扩散因子 ; H- P G' t" j- x VDR VHF Data Radio 甚高频数据无线电 " D$ r& J3 M- t. g) `. E8 qVFOP Visual Flight Rules Operations Panel 目视飞行规则运行专家组 VFR Visual Flight Rules 目视飞行规则 + {, Q4 n' v/ T ) y; j+ ?8 v) `% ]4 t, BVHF Very High Frequency(30-300MHz) 甚高频 ( |" R% M( }0 W# M4 L! R VHF R/T Very High Frequency Receiver/Transmitter 甚高频收/发信机 V/L VOR/Localizer 全向信标/航向台 3 O8 Q: f; B' o# {1 N; h$ B ! |- u( M/ N$ v ~, W. NVLF Very Low Frequency 甚低频 VMC Visual Meteorological Conditions 目视气象条件 0 n2 r, x5 t5 ~+ z VNAV Vertical Navigation 垂直导航 " T$ Q/ T; P4 n1 A1 ^/ U5 ]0 m VNR VHF Navigation Receiver 甚高频导航接收机 ! m& w4 W' {% u% ~/ p1 v ) _" y! Q& \8 S; [VOLMET Meteorological Information for Aircraft in Flight 飞行中的气象信息 - L( o( Q) b5 h. t* v 6 ?7 e/ C# R' z% Y0 x5 T( f/ q" pVOR VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range(navigation beacon) 甚高频全向信标 0 _- |# M6 _' K8 P% s8 q8 Y- ? 1 a% c; x& m! f( QVOR/DME A system in which a VOR and DME station are co-located 甚高频全向信标和测距仪合装的台址 ! c' N' l2 K, O+ d VORTAC VOR Co-located with TACAN 甚高频全向信标塔康 VOT VHF Omnidirectional range Test 甚高频全向信标试验 , R2 A+ Q# Z$ E6 @ / y" w& q7 |; ?' N: N6 EVOX Voice Transmission 话音传输 9 L" ~/ y% L2 U+ v1 e. o# E VRS Voice Response System 话音响应系统 6 q* ~9 b+ l l5 EVSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal 甚小孔径终端 8 r* b# O6 m/ I/ D9 ] VSCS Voice Switching and Control System 话音交换和控制系统 & } Z! s4 [9 F1 q* k% [) E8 J4 o $ ^7 N3 t) N0 z6 |' zVSI Vertical Speed Indicator 垂直<请合法使用软件><请合法使用软件>器 VSM Vertical Separation Minimum 垂直间隔最低标准 : f$ [. L& e; J1 A VSP Vertical Speed 垂直速度 : R' w4 C; F6 z, f# k VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio 电压驻波比 & }5 B2 R3 l. L/ r: w ' _! w" d$ g7 W% iVTOL Vertical Take Off and Landing 垂直起飞和着陆 VASI Visual Approach Slope Indicator 目视进近坡度指示器 ' s) F% \- e- [- A W X/ E) K, ?; I, E( u+ f! b5 t WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System 广域增强系统 $ ^9 o8 W* V- J2 l! P" R" n; \WADGPS Wide Area Differential GPS 广域差分全球定位系统 , ?7 G. J9 ]' K3 ~$ q9 J % p. T0 y! T uWADS Wide Area Differential System 广域差分系统 6 {7 R' A( s% X1 a% f n+ k # r" n2 Q! I/ z6 n6 L8 {3 |% hWAFC World Area Forecast Center 世界区域预报中心 I- k3 l; G& o: x* U- s WAFS World Area Forecast System 世界区域预报系统 & `3 b& S I/ B1 Z/ E 9 v9 ~/ e9 Z T0 MWARC World Administrative Radio Conference 世界无线电行政大会 + \# a" q O n* Z9 ]4 zWCP Weather Communications Processor 气象通信处理器 WDI Wind Direction Indicator 风向指示器 WGS World Geodetic Survey 世界测量系统 $ q: v4 w/ A3 ^7 Q, L r E WGS-72 World Geodetic Survey of 1972 标准测地系统1972年标准 6 y: A6 x$ g$ L8 GWGS-84 World Geodetic Survey of 1984（Standard Geodetic reference System） 标准测地系统1984年<请合法使用软?t> 3 g6 Y' b; ~% v% w. a( K+ K: } ' D l/ o" b% o) s/ j5 a9 CWMSC Weather Message Switching Center 气象信息交换中心 WMSCR WMSC Replacement 气象信息交换中心更新 WP Way Point 航路点 , ~% m$ T4 q1 A WRS Wide-area Reference Station 广域<请合法使用èí?t>站 / d* [8 {8 ~1 U, _ WS Wind Shear 风切变 WS Wind Speed 风速 / Y' V9 f t+ ^' S7 Y2 x0 I ! o% j3 j: s! n5 o8 ]WSR Weather Service Radar 气象服务雷达 # K* ?' t3 h t- s" q6 e : A3 \2 U& s+ y1 q5 UWx Weather 气象 8 j) V7 o! C {* I2 l% | w2 ? ~3 f; A9 RWXR Weather Radar 气象雷达 5 u% J L o+ w+ r6 L$ hX # P9 E S+ A/ C: O7 E* I7 E & c& L: Y- L/ o9 L; u7 w" [" `XCVR Transceiver 收发信机 / x4 J! h$ i5 X: f+ \9 q% ?2 c XLS Multi-mode Landing System 多模式着陆系统 # @- \1 ?- [2 c% ^9 H) s Y XMT Transmitter 发射机 XPDR Transponder 应答机 . B6 E0 @6 t1 X( r0 F4 ~! ? XT(XMTR) Transmitter 发射机 $ S7 Q4 U6 l/ q# n1 d ! v& M! ?( G- O# W" e6 sXTK 航迹侧向偏离 " A/ K6 c& J, s0 B* L. V; g / L ]+ s3 i0 @+ Z8 L# w' ~2 xY ) C! k/ G. v3 F+ }5 x0 B7 L# l/ f 4 D7 t5 E: j$ R& K4 E) Q( sYSAS Yaw Stability Augmentation System 偏航稳定增强<请合法使用软件> 6 a" c& w3 J( L2 o- d m3 q! f 3 R4 v3 r4 ~3 h1 q% jYD Yaw Damper 偏航阻尼 9 v3 ~+ e" c4 T* I! k6 FZ * _7 @ l( z j) F4 @0 A0 k $ O5 j% P0 c8 WZ-Marker Z maker beacon Z指点标 ( m; V- V9 v2 t6 z + d; E3 F2 P$ }' oSPECIAL COMMITTEE FOR THE MONITORING AND CO-ORDINATION OF DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSITION PLANNING FOR THE FUTURE AIR NAVIGATION SYSTEM(FANSⅡ) FOURTH MEETING - H, S' S+ H$ [ Z . H+ b( [. `3 R6 z8 g, ] 1 H" d/ X3 k' W6 r: Q A Aeroplane (JAR-FCL) A/C Aircraft NOTE: plural form if "aircraft" takes no "s": aircraft 0 y* y4 d2 x1 `- l& pA/G Air/Ground (Air to ground and v.v. % ~% O) |1 x- o. N 9 J! C( P' t4 I+ ?. `- L# MACAS Automatic Collision Avoidance System ACC Area Control Center ACI Airport Council International ACT active, activated, activation message 8 K% p# H, U) Q0 I! v B* v/ A& ZAD Aerodrome % U( }; O3 E) e" B! x3 a ADCUS Advise customs # L+ Y: V3 o! V7 q8 x5 B( z/ ~0 { ADEP Aerodrome of Departure 9 T# o! |- \" ^0 l9 o* z/ ~6 S : I- @2 I( F5 i- g9 H2 W$ Z' zADES Aerodrome of Destination , R6 Z% ^- ~7 O I! D/ kADF Automatic Direction Finder - A* t, Y" @3 A7 PADIZ Air Defence Identification Zone ADLP Airborne Data Link Processor ' j' W3 }' f, u( r- N; M, V / v+ c) d( T/ A% \ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance % F9 Q* f# S4 b8 V8 @! LADS-A Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Address # ~3 O3 Y' q+ z9 F% R4 I ; P8 P$ R4 X4 s8 k+ L8 bADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (see Capstone Test) . Z1 S# L5 V6 u% y/ ^ADS-C Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract AEA Association of European Airlines " i* [; t9 C W. K1 D; CAECMA Association Européenne de Construction de Matériel Aéronautique ! A) h$ u0 J m: \% y; j! t) b AFB Air Force Base 9 l" {; _4 d4 e. D6 V AFIS Aerodrome Flight Information Service * d" z: f9 }4 Q+ B' o0 k0 }AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network : |2 g* A5 X# N( v5 o* G . E6 v4 ~: ~% j. ^9 [6 BAGA Aerodromes and Ground Aids (AIP) # L4 U1 ^6 G4 A$ }9 eAGATE Advanced General Aviation Transport Experiments (NASA) $ P) s( X* J3 `0 m3 t+ aAGL Above Ground Level . s0 N/ g' E) C 7 E2 }- u) W" }/ T& E9 U% [/ n* bAGLO Arbeitsgruppe Luftraum-Organisation V; Y2 ]$ z8 b" o* K9 A) F . V4 s* F6 a9 i9 c$ Q) a% |AIC Aeronautical Information Circular 8 E1 H1 S: S' |) C0 W6 Q& |4 q$ W! jAIM ATFM Information Message " }6 N( B3 R9 n( rAIP Aeronautical Information Publication 5 ^0 v2 h, A) X/ d4 R! ]AIRAC Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control # e0 A7 n# W* w0 @: P+ {1 ^6 O Airport M. Airport Manager (JAR-FCL) ) x* v. \3 k' [, M# H " R3 P# d4 Z- ?, [- P5 F YAIS Aeronautical Information Service 8 O& C! t* ]1 M: }) _1 _ ALT Altitude ALTN Alternate ALTP Airline Transport Pilot(s Licence) 4 p$ E' x6 D! r6 K( ~AMC Airspace Management Cell 4 z) X8 |7 I/ S) s! \ AMC Acceptable Means of Compliance 5 G7 o8 N) s/ A8 r) U AME Aero Medical Examiner AME ATM Message Exchange 2 l. G C/ I, q1 Y! @ AMIE AIS Met Information Equipment (Swiss Computer Self Briefing System) . G6 ]" d* ]$ E( L& N0 n' v: \+ s: P& } # h# m% e. t# n+ @8 D0 T! `AMS Aero Medical Services 3 Y3 W, O8 \+ C& Z' K8 ?9 k * C9 ?. o; j9 t% O* h7 AAMSL Above mean sea level ANM ATFM Notification Message 6 ^( @& c4 P" i* K- W ANR Air Navigation Routes % A4 k( l: r) W- EANS Active Noise System + @ G3 d! Q, D9 x+ H" F ANS Air Navigation Services " s; v" h' z9 M# Z' d8 }9 e0 v & H4 Q' n; m7 |; S! v$ S5 j- mAO Aircraft Operator AOPA Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association AOWIR Aircraft Operator WHAT-IF Reroute 7 M5 _( Q4 u6 B; n9 Z! a9 Z * ]5 @ Q3 u, d1 H3 ?2 C& F7 ?7 M) zAPP Approach $ l! p7 A5 u- U5 H8 [1 iARCID Aircraft Identification ARINC (former Aeronautical Radio Inc., now just)ARINC (Manufacturer/Standard Setter) - E1 O+ s7 |, ~5 O- H c2 `) ~ ARN ATS Route Network * W0 r# R- c) j# l+ v 1 A2 q- o! P5 |/ w7 ?9 aARNS Aeronautical Radio Navigation Services 5 ]6 w5 H& w o B# g5 _ ARO Air Traffic Services Reporting Office ; |) y7 g5 M% w$ k4 k8 w) y ARP Airport Reference Point - d- y) x. b6 U5 Q 3 r: \/ Z9 A B" A5 PARR Arrival 5 S& C) `8 b! ~4 c1 k! A5 [ASAP As soon as possible $ Y1 C* u: }! }8 R5 ^ASF Air Safety Foundation (AOPA-USA) 3 f6 R) w7 e& V ASM Air Space Management 9 w2 Q; I ^: N ; X" \8 h, t& MASPH Asphalt Runway ! a" U L5 N* ]' ] p* y* X+ iATA Actual Time of Arrival ATC(U) Air Traffic Control (Unit) / I3 {' I3 ]) q. E! x4 X ]' ]( q' [/ | ATE Actual Time Enroute ( @5 y: n- \/ C 1 e' I. M% ?# C/ ]3 \" `; vATFM Air Traffic Flow Management ATIR Air Traffic Incident Report ("Near-Miss Report") $ _2 A- d$ q1 _ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service 6 f5 G0 s% S! {' v4 j! R1 W1 l ' t; M& V6 z- b1 kATM Air Traffic Management ATPL Airline Transport Pilot ('s Licence) # l9 X2 _2 N) Q. y! p* ]2 J$ k' lATS Air Traffic Services - _9 ]$ B2 O4 b8 H4 eATSP Air Traffic Service Provider ; B1 H( P Z/ o$ } ' r6 b: r$ y$ p% _" P0 t2 QAUP Airspace Use Plan 4 J8 i4 O# | l& E AVGAS Aviation Gasoline (piston aircraft fuel) 0 h' L( C0 N- h7 R9 K) g) x AWY Airway ; B/ H+ x! f& E B BABLW Bundesamt für Betriebe der Luftwaffe BAZL Bundesamt für Zivilluftfahrt (Swiss CAA) ! c G* w' Z( d$ T BBJ Boeing Business Jet 2 i. _* I/ o. C: @6 k% ]' y : Q$ d" Q4 k$ F% R" J+ I3 TBDY Boundary # K+ J1 U8 X$ ~5 H , m, F8 [3 P% z. ]; a; K" E8 |BEF Before 7 A+ R+ v: D' h, f" O 3 S) O' B$ T4 [, qBFR Biennial Flight Review (USA) : N: V7 [2 ?! R3 j. J BFEAA Bureau Fédéral pour Enquètes d'Accidents d'Avions BFU Büro für Flugunfalluntersuchungen BRNAV Basic RNAV (RNP-5 compliant) - q- v6 ]/ l0 ]3 W7 V% y! Q BSE Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (or: mad cow desease) : D8 U7 Z( j7 Z3 \( ~ O3 y* \. C( J) _. r+ Z5 L6 M8 XC 1 D% E9 E9 H/ [) ]0 l% QCrew Office (AIS/MET) C Celsius (Centigrade) $ }3 ?& M S8 a CAA Civil Aviation Authority (of a country) 4 A& e g0 w- i4 O& BCAS Calibrated Air Speed . [) K. Y J+ f CASA Civil Aviation Safety Agency (CAA in Australia) 4 A+ L( E( f0 S8 K3 R3 i/ x' k- p CASA Computer Assisted Slot Allocation . n3 p* X- ?, _ CAT Clear-Air Turbulence 5 P5 x- i% w8 q) tCAT Commercial Air Transport 7 `* q6 D6 }. e& x CAT I Instrument Landing Category I (similar: CAT II, CAT III) 9 S3 e5 w; a* M0 |: Z6 i3 zCARD II CNS Applications Research & Development CAVOK Ceiling and Visibility ok (good VFR weather) " _% s/ H; r% |: |, ? CB Cumulonimbus ' B8 c5 }! n8 Q( t4 z, ZCBA Cost-Benefit Analysis 8 n- J* Z, ~ [( H & _: d! _* _0 C* V: VCDR Conditional Route (FUA) CDTI Cockpit Display of Traffic Information 7 I; X5 H# n# f! z 2 G# T) Q7 s! I; tCEAC Conférence Européenne de l'Aviation Civile (see ECAC) 1 d0 j% b: P" d+ L$ Y+ T / q. M4 S! A2 v* P3 {7 JCFI Certified Flight Instructor (USA) - S* G: K' ^8 @) K- N 1 o; l8 K- d5 l9 A1 eCFII Certified Flight Instructor IFR (USA) ! W; G& r3 }. z3 ^7 H: NCFIT Controlled Flight Into Terrain ' {! D. V( c0 {& _ 0 x3 q# S5 J! \" E& l# ^$ RCFMU Central Flow Management Unit of Eurocontrol CHF Swiss Francs (Bankers' code) * i) Y" u# T5 {" t. f" @6 \! ] ^ & t/ c+ E! j' V3 ^+ A$ [1 Q7 fCIA CFMU Internet Application ( f" z' d+ _# O0 }5 c4 _8 c 9 p$ S5 k: W. t; l! i! QCILO Capacity Increase LOwer airspace ) p' _- V$ @2 G7 f. A CIV Civil 7 ]( J8 Z8 x8 T( a0 O ` ' C. C! G* U" L" k2 t" \/ z. B# fCLR Clearance (or cleared) & {; _4 G, g2 c U" Z CLSD Closed 7 S( B& j. q- M; L* X% Y CNS Communication Navigation Surveillance CNS/ATM Communication Navigation Surveillance/Air Traffic Management R! T, z" Y, U/ y, F( Y6 j7 ~& z) ] 6 o9 G, d3 B4 v9 l: y, C% u- wCOM Communications ' {) N* r/ f. t5 w( u( p ! n1 |: g; P0 ^( e3 r& b% P1 f6 NCOPI Co-Pilot CPDLC Controller-Pilot DataLink Capability , v. x2 n2 G. `" o6 A , Y6 R: ?# [* hCPL Commercial Pilots Licence " t, {: O! @: L* X7 U7 } CR Class Rating (JAR-FCL) ! W) M. r$ A2 r$ r; Z @ CRAM Conditional Route Availability Message ) r6 l, S9 A* }1 g CRCO Central Route Charge Office of Eurocontrol ; r* h7 v7 J, J# _$ h1 d; V# ^+ JCRE Class Rating Examiner (JAR-FCL) ; {( u1 f( \% m& B+ O! O8 {4 ^" z 4 k s# n2 D6 r! K& J; _6 jCRI Class Rating Instructor (JAR-FCL) : ?0 K- Y% Q& c aCRS Conditional Route System (FUA: "Temporary Airways" on request) " s/ b( H. P' T5 r# ^5 D 7 D* L- W% i# ^1 o8 tCSAR CFMU Service Anomaly Report 0 S) K) `+ i; h8 x% |CTAF Common Traffic Advisory Frequency 1 o; V& @/ _* A$ l- PCTO Calculated Time Over CTOT Calculated Take-Off time ! f0 g) D8 J ]: q0 ?4 C8 K# m - ]1 P4 ^/ I5 V% t% L; LCTR Control Zone $ F' ?% G v+ Z2 r( z; p. w CU Cumulus CUST Customs , u, o$ S& h; m; L8 e2 k1 W : y' H7 ]9 A3 E1 |+ c1 w4 ~( ]+ kCVFR Controlled VFR (still existing in some countries) CVR Cockpit Voice Recorder D ( Q$ |- P \* r1 b, qDAP Downlink Aircraft Parameter (Mode S Transponder) dB Decibel 6 I; U& T6 A+ A4 D0 i! s% |DC Dual Control (JAR-FCL) 9 R3 a/ C/ l) M 0 F f/ J2 i" w5 X7 J5 T' O. oDCA Directorate of Civil Aviation DCT direct 2 g2 Z/ {) D% `# T% t " a9 {7 }! W, n2 w: RDEG Degrees + ]7 t t1 y0 z6 I0 I0 MDEL Delay/delayed $ y7 h; H5 }( J6 B ( h, s7 T% T4 o6 s/ MDEP Departure DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung AG 7 h0 B4 E- E/ z. j. t: BDG Director General (or: Direction Générale e.g. EU) / |# Q, h- r% @. J! q& |( XDGNSS Differential GNSS $ m2 {6 j8 M' ~ 1 U" o j0 ^+ e- hDGPS Differential GPS DL Data Link DLA Delay (Message of an ICAO FPL) 5 i5 k, D5 M/ v) Z. Q8 Q - g( z" O% `6 m' G7 c( n* `DME Distance Measuring Equipment 5 H' _ g1 K1 ODUAT Direct User Access Terminal (US Computer Self-Briefing system) 6 u/ C0 E' j& C. f % s2 M5 |0 N; o% C & y1 L% D e. |4 d% @. S fE 9 h" F7 T, {7 DE East + W4 k0 ]! H; t4 G! {. D% a6 j 1 M0 I1 i+ g i& o4 QEAA Experimental Aircraft Association * f6 W7 m4 k" X 6 a' _7 j6 W' R" }EASA European Aviation Safety Authority (planned to replace JAA) EATCHIP European Air Traffic Control Harmonization Implementation Project - E- F. @# L# h S1 F 3 @6 Z6 X0 t) UEATMP European Air Traffic Management Programme (successor of EATCHIP) G: R" I3 ?7 L: F$ L EATMS European Air Traffic Management System EBAA European Business Aviation Association 5 d. [* z5 r& `8 S2 M1 A2 C% Y6 t EC European Commission 3 K; @$ }9 N, _- B 4 z0 U+ ^7 j! [0 H( W6 m; F# `ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference ("Association" of Europe's CAAs) 3 {/ r, [; V- ~; x4 x4 o9 jEET Estimated Elapsed Time EGASF European General Aviation Safety Foundation 3 Y/ _) M. p3 n) k) nEGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System : p. c6 L" X. h$ QEHS Enhanced Surveillance (Mode S, 2nd step) * s7 z* v+ Z) ?- A) O7 _1 aELBA Emergency Locator Beacon-Aircraft 8 L! T# y* d! z$ X: o1 m1 BELEV Elevation ELS Elementary Surveillance (Mode S, 1st Step) $ @0 u! d1 d" p! C/ {$ R ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter (crash-activated transmitter) # T; w2 D2 z5 R! X# ]) s8 N+ DEOBD Estimated off-block date ' k- }' Z$ u# j+ X% x7 J' l7 v EOBT Estimated off-block time ERA European Regional Airlines Association ERR Error (Message) ' @$ P ?6 i) q/ e2 FESA European Space Agency ETA Estimated Time of Arrival : z' n% V; S n& ]3 B) u ETD Estimated Time of Departure 1 R3 o5 G+ d6 M- k3 z( I6 tETFMS Enhanced Tactical Flow Management System 3 h( l* m8 Q5 i6 { - D3 H7 ?& R8 dETO Estimated Time Over ! i5 O% E. ]* m. J : F* C c2 x8 K( w# pETOPS Extended Twin-Engine (Overwater) Operations (or: Engines Turn Or Passengers Swim) ETOT Estimated Take-Off Time ! n# l9 L5 Y3 y& E P; R, |; K+ | . e8 Q4 d- b3 O6 uETSC European Transport Safety Council " ~. T: C5 s* t+ `* X. O ! _" H! q2 {. |" A; [EU European Union EUR European Region " g& S) B, @9 T, p ; B1 k* e/ t( F, HEUROCAE European Organisation for Civil Aviation Electonics 7 J9 n; ?: Y7 S- k" S! o! L" q F 2 N9 E: E' T# c+ F F Fahrenheit 2 ?" {/ k( o1 o" n3 l y; G + {3 h0 z' Q* _. c/ W# F5 f# YF/E Flight Engineer (see also FE) + V9 b. U5 r) G8 y6 q , E$ d2 ^: }/ ^: c4 C) zFAA Federal Aviation Administration FADEC Full Authority Digital Engine Control 7 ` f! {" z/ j% W: _5 TFAF Final Approach Fix , H. h5 _0 |7 g5 I0 T& l7 c, kFANS Future Air Navigation System (an ICAO project group) 7 D- f K2 O ^$ c# X+ d$ K' k' d FAR Federal Aviation Regulation (+Number) ( u2 J3 c- L- H% w* Q/ Y0 PFBO Fixed Base Operator - z/ x; f% j* f% `/ O( P# mFCL Flight Crew Licensing 8 n1 R9 h' k: F0 ?5 TFDR Flight Data Recorder 4 O8 }* S+ C( Q' u9 @ o ; t8 U- E) i- R7 e8 w/ `8 h: YFE Flight Examiner (JAR-FCL) . T p2 m0 s( z0 G) z+ K; v# j. _ ) m1 D' Q0 S9 L+ F: \FI (automatic) Flight Identification (Mode S ELS) FIC Flight Information Center FIE Flight Instructor Examiner 0 d# C$ D. r1 ^1 l) MFIO Flight Information Office ) N% i4 b7 [) f+ i6 [FIR Flight Information Region & J0 F, A/ m9 }6 p7 s) B, J( h FIS Flight Information Service 8 ~8 k. o' k% C% Y$ x/ A FFAS Free Flight Air Space (Eurocontrol Definition) * o+ N- g- s4 B: k# g! d FL Flight Level, Altitude x100 = feet AMSL (FL 70 = 7000ft) at ISA 0 r! u& f8 l; ] ! ^6 s! U3 w! b7 b @FLOS Flight Level Orientation System FLS Flight Suspension Message : F2 D; _0 K* C1 S4 A FLT Flight FM Frequency Modulation 5 O; b6 S& b# l3 D6 _ FMD Flow Management Division $ e4 Z3 a# n6 oFMP Flow Management Position (local Slot coordinator) ) q5 }2 D7 P7 D- ]6 O2 l+ BFMS Flight Management System : X7 C% [( C8 @ 6 a7 a+ }: \! c# P8 [FNM Flight Notification Message ) t2 P# g5 J1 [7 [2 XFNPT Flight Navigation and Procedure Trainer (JAR-FCL) 8 ~8 B( g3 X" Y* |# ~ FOCA Federal Office for Civil Aviation (Swiss CAA) FPD Flight Plan Data ; M* ~# b4 M! ^. DFPL Flight Plan (for ATC) % D- E7 D( }4 D# x' x8 t fpm feet per minute (vertical speed) 4 { c8 i1 m& N% Q# \FSDO Flight Safety District Office (FAA USA) , c- R* p; t# r9 ~2 n& z; uFSH Flight Shift Message FSS Flight Service Station $ Y: I4 t* w* B; z' ^ft feet (approx 0.3 Meters) 1 x$ ], D! a# g! Y" H! I0 v9 ?FTD Flight Training Device (lower category "simulator") / D9 X9 L; H- _ . L9 u) D6 }' k1 d; e; \FTDT Flight Time & Duty Time FTO Flight Training Organisation (Flight School) FUA Flexible Use of Airspace FVS Fliegerische Vor-Schulung 0 v# o/ @; s1 u8 `8 ~ ! s9 q$ C- H) H4 M8 ?: C# X4 p" U# l7 | G , o+ H2 J9 \; A& E1 S! w : o3 J+ B' N- h0 X$ `- ?* PG Acceleration force unit (1G = Earth Gravity) 8 S+ F5 T% Y& E/ f GA General Aviation (mainly private and business aviation) GA&AW GA/AW General Aviation and Aerial Work (all non-commercial civil aviation) % l4 S$ v) ~5 S# U . a* R( t6 F5 KGAC General Aviation Center 9 }" ` ~9 b" z# l( `* ]# j* q GAFOR General Aviation Forecast (Weather) ) E9 P& Q/ z) v+ A: W6 _+ ?3 P ( Z, l) p7 h! t) K) t, w# mGAL Gallons (usually US 3.78 liter, may be Imperial 4.54 liter) GAMA General Aviation Manufacturers Association (USA) # W( M H' L, o7 \: @2 v7 jGAP General Aviation Propulsion (Program) ' t" ]( I# h" @# b% H8 U ) s9 F9 U- k- {# n/ c! @- uGAT General Aviation Terminal 7 ^( L- a/ z4 T1 w GBAS Ground Based Augmentation System (DGNSS/DGPS/LAAS) " }. E) X; e& U: ?: A5 ?4 e # d: m! B" A( ^GCA Ground Controlled Approach ("Talk-down") # R' A0 s; |: L, I0 m% O' h$ r GEN General $ E/ i1 R- K% q$ XGENDEC General Declaration Customs Form see full size, download zipped form, ) V# Y6 U' j* K- } GHz Gigahertz (1'000 MHz or 1'000'000'000 Hertz) GLD Glider 3 | G! A0 i- w6 b9 d/ ~& t* M7 U+ KGLONASS Global Orbitting Navigation Satellite System (Russian GNSS) 9 b ]& L4 d7 i; a8 q% }GLS GPS Landing System ' f( ~; z2 P H7 X7 p , S# e$ q7 v. F. D2 i4 _GM-P10 GM=Morocco, P10=Prohibited Area No. 10. $ Y0 m8 P+ u' d GND Ground # ^2 u$ y# |, k/ ]# p# \ % p. t( S* I+ @7 c! j- sGNSS Global Navigation Satellite System (Satellite Navigation in General) % L. V! k1 [% w2 e& g$ g & d* r9 y' C# ~- S; K6 u( nGPA Groupe Parlementaire pour l'Aviation GPS Global Positioning System (USA GNSS), see also FAA GPS Product Team ) P" ?; q5 [6 i1 y; E GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System GS Ground Speed 2 f- r: }/ ]' e& [- L5 H" c( T . E: q- r8 \2 u/ v9 w) QH 2 u& k) K5 i0 U6 T% N) @/ I H Helicopter (JAR-FCL) 7 b& W. ]# z+ b$ @9 I% lHB- Swiss nationality marks for aircraft registration HP, hp Horse Power hPa Hecto-Pascal. Unit to measure pressure (e.g. weather reports) 2 O& k0 `1 E! I* X ! d: S4 u- }1 E% M9 g+ ?, qHDG Heading ) L! N1 d0 b; _" `6 p- F& eHEL Helicopter $ H4 v; y7 N, ~! k4 w L 5 A0 w8 K4 R' CHF High Frequency HJ Operating hours during daylight ; C, t/ b# V5 M" m8 ` HOL Holidays (MON-TUE-WED-THU-FRI-SAT-SUN-HOL) ( d# ~) |) X% L, f HP Horsepower # R: |5 r: i8 c. m: KHQ Headquarters - R8 y+ o% D# ?. `HSI Horizontal Situation Indicator j0 H8 k, l- z* B: w5 x2 v; [* ? HX Operating hours on request , k0 q" X/ m* S6 ]) e4 x H24 Operating 24 hours 4 l h1 J7 d7 o # e3 B/ a7 r* c. {; \ I IACA International Air Charter Association ; s+ s! r4 T8 O0 o- d - Z- b# j" E/ K0 g5 k" J6 ^IAF Initial Approach Fix % i9 o5 q# f5 MIAOPA International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations # Z, }3 r9 ^! n, H$ i IAOPA-EUR IAOPA European Region ; x- _: T3 k, |, \ t3 ] " y7 l5 z& [8 U( aIAS Indicated Air Speed % ?8 Q4 _) t" } O! f7 W* j' gIATA International Air Transport Association ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation (a UN-Suborganisation) ' |0 W0 q# ?; G/ o ID Identification IFPS Initial Flightplan Processing System of Eurocontrol - r# l% W: v: e; [- _! k IFR Instrument Flight Rules ("all" weather operations rules) ( b4 ?3 v% h& J' Z) ? 8 y9 y" }2 E) S( w% M# EIG, IGal Imperial Gallon (4,54 Liter) ILS Instrument Landing System G8 b) V K/ vIMC Instrument Meteo Conditions (weather requiring IFR flight) C! j7 y3 u v+ y# r( W: @9 bin inch 3 U4 q9 M. ~4 C# r5 Z( ~! C 8 Q1 _) Z4 y9 ?& \2 x: ~* m: ^inHg inches of Mercury (unit of pressure) ( I# P/ U) I, J1 [3 A4 R INS Intertial Navigation System ' v; Q/ Q. H1 r3 I IOBD Initial Off-Block Date 3 d, M5 v# V2 X- r& C3 b IOBT Initial Off-Block Time ' p$ C. _ ?, \% ]5 `, Z1 _) GIPPL National (ICAO) Private Pilots License (AOPA internal abbreviation) . L! S0 \" f) N C7 x0 p+ F( k* q& b * p+ ~& j$ g) \: TIR Instrument Rating F2 s1 J3 z( l- P! s6 l9 ^IR Infra Red . \9 J6 V0 i' G+ n" {" l' o 6 s4 c t* [* Q' c- Y8 t( d2 CIRE Instrument Rating Examiner (JAR-FCL) ISA ICAO Standard Atmosphere ) Both definitions exist. 5 Y5 R8 r) M8 r6 @& t& aISA International Standard Atmosphere ) Unclear which one is correct! . b/ u$ }( R8 u1 }7 K9 `% A7 s 7 F- W& N. I: ~* ^ u2 b9 {ITU International Telecommunication Union & e( a/ w& I( ]' w J - O* G N# M( i9 b( X! P s JAA Joint Aviation Authorities (CAA of Europe) 2 p9 r$ m+ P+ ~- k5 lJAR Joint Aviation Requirement # I9 S w3 R7 M JAR-36 JAR on Aircraft Noise JAR-FCL JAR on Flight Crew Licensing 3 A/ K8 O) }- m+ j7 d - t7 v1 ]0 }! d4 v: JJAR-MED JAR on Medical ' N8 O/ I7 X! K$ _+ N; _5 M4 s " I: Y5 Q( @0 J! v- vJAR-OPS 1 JAR on Flight Operations (Commercial Air Transport) 7 s! O& T9 a) {- [0 } JAR-OPS 2 JAR on Flight Operations (General Aviation and Aerial Work) JET-A1 Jet Fuel type A1 $ d8 m, o4 |. I* V! X% T1 X f W ( ~$ p$ ~8 r) f$ sJPPL JAR-FCL Private Pilots License (AOPA internal abbreviation) - x- F A9 q$ }! ]- X! \) P7 bJSA Joint Steering Assembly (JAA) ' ~' I$ z2 O" P3 H, H2 _, }4 L F JURG Joint User Requirement Group 6 I( v$ p. v: G0 W ' |7 [: v1 ~1 w0 y4 S$ TK ' e7 p& J u5 c1 S kHz Kilohertz (1'000 Hertz) # R3 s5 E' f6 W5 _% e h- `, LKIAS knots indicated air speed KOSIF Koordinationsstelle für Schiess-Informationen (Swiss MIL Shooting) + U6 H! O- _+ ]- m% @: b KTAS knots true air speed ! G8 H3 V2 l3 b% {# ]* k9 {kts knots (1.852 km/h) 5 E& B/ X7 Y. n$ Y/ A 1 s6 d/ L0 d8 W3 @+ ?/ m7 `L . H; Y s! W$ o# w ) R, {! N5 ^1 v( E5 A2 y CLAAS Local Area Augmentation System 2 J1 u7 G* |- H# Y D, kLAHSO Land And Hold Short Operation (to cross intersecting runway) LBA Luftfahrt-Bundes-Amt (German CAA) , f, |0 K( G* j) ~# `! X% ?+ s LDG Landing 7 X2 D0 d1 D |" h / g9 e$ u: v8 ]) H$ F2 g5 D, BLH Lefthand ; s1 A& ^/ ^+ E7 v5 n# \LI-R5 LI=Italy, R5=Restricted Area No. 5 4 C: Z1 z) @( J& j# ? LLZ Localizer (approach system) & P( L6 N( j9 d! E1 R LNAV Lateral Navigation (GLS) Approach ! V- }$ f3 s. v# n$ |- Z LOC Local, Location, Localizer ) z6 j7 i; w7 [8 Q' o$ l ; W* R; L) g. b' o+ v1 [LORAN Long Range Navigation 0 M5 U- P4 b+ @+ g( W0 Y! j2 ] LS-D12 LS=Switzerland, D12=Danger Area No. 12 LT Local Time 8 W( j, Z M! g+ E% Q) c& H6 U J( n" n M - n2 A4 n/ n# S# r$ u0 a* q: P ( K& I8 T2 H5 G4 Y4 y9 v6 i0 U2 DMAC Mean Aerodynamic Chord MAP Map section of AIP MAS Managed Airspace (Eurocontrol Definition for ATM2000+) MASP Minimum Aviation System Performance 7 Q1 Y; J! o4 d" s/ C MATZ Military ATZ MCTR Military CTR MD Medical Doctor ME Multi-Engine , ~0 s& o7 z+ y7 O* n c( L 7 W* a' u/ e; V2 X; A* @% BMEA Minimum Enroute Altitude % p. e& R5 c5 W7 c9 G MET Meteo (office, report, service etc.) $ n. J/ [' Y3 U) D, E0 z. M METAR Meteorological Actual Report (current weather) Y5 l, k- J" ?- YMHz Megahertz (1'000 kHz) $ A; E8 }/ k: @ MIL Military 9 ]. r! X6 o* h e- `0 y( n5 D MLS Microwave Landing System MM Middle Marker % ^& R5 }8 i+ p% H& ~ ) ~ y7 V- H7 d4 K. JMMR Multi-Mode Receiver + u5 ^0 R3 j e; j2 `. I: E MNPS Minimum Navigation Performance Specifications MOD Moderate B* d+ @& h+ X; V1 H4 K& [ " V0 @4 @+ Q8 JMOGAS Motor Gasoline (Auto-Gas) ' h" O1 N' U4 j3 @! w; R " S2 G7 A# g xMON Motor Octane Number (aviation fuel rating) ) O x% y7 H. b0 _ ' J5 s; E! O; Q6 c& E( j7 Q/ \MOT Ministry of Transport + L q. N: p. O! V0 ~+ s6 K MP Multi-Pilot (JAR-FCL) 7 O$ l* P( p2 {" b" N! a( U& j- D5 { - T. Z; u7 w* P0 F+ i; H5 p6 oMPA Multi-Pilot Aeroplane 0 _4 X) U( Z- G' w! m + U6 q1 r0 m( @& P" Z% EMPH Multi-Pilot Helicopter , B- r' H/ ^: Y' N- X0 A5 n0 s8 A1 B : x+ w, F4 a6 H& |mph Miles per hour (statute miles, 1.609 km/h) 4 y! l$ V5 ^8 D0 b MSG Message ; J4 b4 D+ Q4 K( y& m8 ~. H MSL Mean Sea Level 2 r) G2 w2 C+ GMTOM Maximum Take-Off Mass MTOW Maximum Take-Off Weight : Z3 p- C, ^) \0 i; D5 ` M$ Megadollars (1'000'000 US dollars) % h# \# \* a6 U% H- b: \0 a4 @ 7 _. y6 h& e1 Q+ `N ; q$ t' l4 j* _) i% g' f3 z# C n/a not available N North 9 D( U# ]: e3 c4 J; sNAA National Aviation Authority (generic term within JAA) NASA National Aeronautics and Space Agency (USA) 5 K- ^9 \, d# n3 ~) b% @8 ~NAT North Atlantic * u! |' g8 h( f( H! }0 T# NNATS National Air Traffic Service (UK) , @. P' ~( \2 c: g7 b Navaid Navigation Aid (Ground Radio Station for Navigation) / x0 ]- g, d9 ?; F ) @' ]- U& ` z1 _% A+ Y7 RNAV Navigation ) G8 N/ C( u) U" \6 G0 r NDB Non Directional Beacon " W3 h7 [1 z; s4 s9 c7 [2 u . |( m( P' h5 X0 s. ^NEAN North European ADS-B Network : ?( Z6 F" u3 S! M% `NELS Northwest Europe Loran Steering Committee : z& {- B2 f4 P2 i NIMBY "Not In My Back-Yard"-Syndrome: "We need an airport but not here" 9 p: K) E4 c: v' a NIL Nothing, no information NM Nautical Mile (1.852 km) 3 U0 Y; y, z2 Q: Y. L8 s3 f, F 4 E" u; E( K1 Q% _6 DNOSAR No Search and Rescue required (Australia) NOTAM Notice to Airmen ( D. L0 X1 K0 I0 f( RNPA Notice of Proposed Ammendment (JAR) NPPL National (ICAO) Private Pilots License (AOPA internally used: IPPL) 5 R% j6 g3 l# @ # D$ B, |- L' PNTSB National Transport Safety Board (USA) NVFR Night VFR % @8 M* t( L& {+ D1 ~) e5 Z3 i NW North-west " \+ U( B6 o, w. Q9 L" w! y" M O / f& k( K6 T& I% z! T ! B; n9 f: v* M9 rO/R on request 6 @ f% l) L% p5 T; {# r5 g: AOACI Organisation de l'Aviation Civile Internationale (voir ICAO) 3 e/ U6 Y6 F) e0 O! V' K" n8 D! | 5 }, r- T8 i6 H! pOAT Outside Air Temperature 0 `! f# ?! E- T0 r" Z( X9 D2 S w5 \" ` OBST Obstacle, obstruction OBT Off-Block Time $ g3 g, e" H0 B* n7 b/ u8 V / a: U# G; r( n" T3 i8 POCD Operational Concept Document OFAC Office Fédérale de l'Aviation Civile (Swiss CAA) OM Outer Marker ONC Operational Navigation Chart * ~ T& e* ^( B7 K4 aOPIF Operator Interface OPR Operator 5 o/ Y2 m. \( s9 R2 G# \ OPS Operations (or Operating hours) 6 ]' c8 L, d- L" G / T- h* R1 W& wORGMSG Original Message " C2 S5 t+ h& C( ]) D* uORGN Original $ F! i* G" o6 I) FORGRTE Original Route ORM Operator Reply Message : |; M% X) B& ?5 {. V 9 y. O( L7 p' s! _P : l& x5 v3 ?0 r, G" m : t/ B( o- r* B1 d% w1 O6 \p/p per person, per passenger , I* `3 @1 d( k& z 9 e3 k( R" P8 x/ n: `/ hPAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator 9 g9 m, w8 U5 a3 ? PART Pressure Altitude Reporting Transponder 2 ~9 h* I { _PAX Passenger(s) 6 M- j; Z) }6 u( O1 E. _) i3 I4 ~ PFD Planned Flight Data % N4 g# e* P7 j6 P4 s! s8 u PGL Parlamentarische Gruppe für Luftfahrt 6 G9 J8 q) ~1 ?) J0 Q& G. | ' u2 l o& D& ZPiC, PIC Pilot in Command ! H0 H3 ^0 O' {, y& Z ?( N$ D+ kPNR Prior Notice Required ; V4 `9 q6 t& |# v& D0 e% F3 T6 n POB Persons on Board & L' I% @4 A6 r: Q. SPP(L) Private Pilots Licence (general) PPLA Private Pilots Licence Aeroplane ( C* ~& |" L4 M, EPPLH Private Pilots Licence Helicopter PPO Prior Permission Only ( [1 V& V R9 H3 A e7 A/ | 1 J' F# l/ Q" n3 _& ~3 `1 CPPR Prior Permission Required PRNAV Precision RNAV (RNP-1 compliant) PSI Pounds per square inch 0 s' F* u7 {" h& t7 aPSIA Plan Sectoriel d'Infrastructure Aéronautique : o( Z4 a) Y/ S$ I$ h4 pPTOT Provisional Take-Off Time 3 q$ P2 l) y% K1 S PVT private Q 1 U* e% @) s' q- b' L. ?% J" Y$ I- L 8 D* R: P: D8 n5 u1 {6 AQDR (Q-Code) for Magnetic Homing Track from a Station 5 v8 T7 i8 e0 n" L- m( J5 {1 C " `& [+ C6 O$ G' x) ]QDM (Q-Code) for Magnetic Homing Track to a Station QFE (Q-Code) for Air Pressure in hPa on Ground (airport elevation) (=>ELEVATION or HEIGHT) # N2 o( X( w2 J2 w9 b / e& p0 r9 B: C. LQGO (Q-Code) for Airport Closed & p0 X. Y0 F& J$ A6 k( z6 KQNH (Q-Code) for Air Pressure in hPa calculated to MSL (=>ALTITUDE) QTE (Q-Code) for True Track from Station abeam ! m$ m0 Q' G. y0 V8 y A ! D/ L" P! X2 F# C% x8 rR ; Q, i* n( |1 ^6 c# z' O R Rating (JAR-FCL) 9 x+ I+ e6 N2 i$ C. a+ c0 J: H 7 i) W7 ]' V# e2 x' v) t* U" {R&D Research and Development . |, t/ y: p* Q xRAF Royal Air Force 4 `6 h. M a" q+ CRAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring + h1 G; q" Z+ [! F8 \- ^6 Z * }5 c- |9 J- i' J% A( f9 g. c. R7 SRBAS Receiver Based Augmentation System (DGNSS/DGPS) . B8 D) d f4 C. B4 x 0 Z5 I* b3 }1 l9 \4 ARCA Remote Client Application (CFMU) % S! {% X+ t, H7 ~! V( F REA Ready Message - W$ ~# o& `2 u: C) ^ 1 {1 Q' N3 v! N6 p3 u XREGUL Regulation - S: w7 E, J0 S8 p 0 r0 e/ d- _" G! M/ ]RF Registered Facility ("national" flight school as per JAR-FCL) % {+ k* k% n* v! [4 L* y 8 ~% T6 j0 j3 yRFI Ready for Improvement Message RFP Reglement für das Flugpersonal & _ M0 U% h- R" H, v9 K2 Z: U : \8 _% E! n3 t* wRH Righthand 7 E- g7 P- W0 N$ |) k% X2 dRIA Regulatory Impact Assessment , Q- _% V/ |8 Z- B# @9 x & W* ]* p% ?% Q+ U3 ERJT Rerouteing Rejection Message RM Regional Meeting RMK Remark(s) 1 m: m R, J5 R7 @6 ^. ]0 p9 y RNAV Area Navigation 3 l5 N! j- k2 P& P: M $ P1 f7 ^+ y' u7 H+ cRNP Required Navigation Performance * {& N0 H( b' B 9 X# b) f4 _5 u/ o1 fRNP-n accuracy of +/- n NM during 95% of flight must be maintained RNSS Radio Navigation Satellite Services 5 V- v2 k) r; ]" ?+ \0 Y- E3 @/ d ; w8 w5 [4 }) p; p$ k% q. rROC Rate of Climb RON Research Octane Number (Auto fuel rating) X2 G. f% v7 X @RON Remain Over Night $ M9 J$ d3 A; Y& T) J! F RPL Repetitive Flight Plan RPM Revolutions per Minute RPN Réglement pour le Personnel Navigant : O1 ?0 U. {( N: ERPPL Restricted PPL # n8 D/ \1 P/ Q( ]RQP Request Flight Plan Message ; B; q. i. o" b. H2 m RRN Rerouteing Notification Message * X: `7 ^3 S$ k0 G RRP Rerouteing Proposal Message 7 }. J4 `* g ^7 b. VRSO Route per State Overflown ( m. F6 t/ b( Z# L; A1 P RTA Remote Terminal Application (CFMU) , |6 G% p1 X# v $ ]- n/ Q4 R, I1 v5 dRTCA (formerly) Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics, now RTCA Inc. RT(F), R/T Radio Telephony : Q8 j- E- C7 \* H6 j, \ RUSC RVSM User Support Cell RVR Runway Visual Range ' Z9 b- Y5 f0 F 6 H4 G" ?0 n* G& z4 k/ B( M# vRVSM Reduced Vertical Separation Minima (1000ft above FL 290) ( v& P7 O* I5 L: r" d! ARW, RWY Runway 8 Z) b$ T4 d. z" D RxTx Receiver-Transmitter ! g2 Y/ o( Q4 e# s* Y* [# e6 y8 Q ! h$ X# k& x9 p* K. pS 0 ?: c7 Z; _ y# m. q) b* Is/n serial number 7 Y; ^3 z. j$ M8 g2 M+ rSAM Slot Allocation Message 7 q Q0 Z3 Q8 C SAR Search and Rescue 4 P5 ~# b$ S! I5 t) C SARP Standards And Recommended Practices (usually "Sarps" =plural form) 9 S/ d s7 y- w! \4 L 5 F6 f% F0 f6 p: s) h" W9 D! lSAT Saturday (MON-TUE-WED-THU-FRI-SAT-SUN-HOL) k( u* j O1 w _ ! l W5 ~' p3 y5 F2 d% y' CSAT Satellite ... SATNAV Satellite Navigation (generic) - J7 W/ m& p$ |. W" { SB Service Bulletin SBAS Space Based Augmentation System (DGNSS/DGPS/WAAS/EGNOS) 5 k X, V8 k0 k6 a+ {7 D 1 T( y1 Y3 h3 p4 a3 I% JSC Stratocumuls SE Single Engine , s ^$ H1 `5 Q9 a7 b8 w3 g # n0 |3 C8 Z0 V( VSFE Synthetic Flight Examiner (NOTE: FLIGHT is synthetic, not the Examiner!) (JAR-FCL) . B+ a1 v+ y8 P LSID Standard Instrument Departure # U0 e# }2 d, K& P1 k SIGMET Significant Meteo (hazardous weather warning) SIM Simulator SIL Sachplan Infrastruktur Luftfahrt 9 X) ~2 K k/ d. Z SIP Slot Improvement Proposal Message v0 T7 X( n" f( R9 \4 P: o4 vSIRO Simultaneous Intersecting Runway Operation , d0 l5 E3 T1 ?& M# p% t7 u ) m4 S* T$ I5 h0 ~0 ^SIT Slot Issue Time + R) w% u- p' d! d+ i SITA Société Internationale de Télécommunication Aérienne 1 f% k, K7 G7 V2 v , E: U; @! o; H# XSL Sea Level SLC Slot Cancellation MEssage 8 {& l5 ~2 C5 K( V ! V) A0 ~7 _8 ~, ]SME Small and Medium Enterprises , e) _+ p( z) L! m7 fSMM Slot Missed Message - R6 H/ f8 Z* G5 h( D6 f# l SMS Short Message System (Mobile Telephone Feature) - o3 A, V H' z/ vSP Single Pilot SPA Single Pilot Aeroplane 7 _. e4 {7 {* n: E' GSPA Slot Proposal Acceptance Message 3 U+ R* p1 D! d" eSPH Single Pilot Helicopter # W: @0 J4 {- v! O, P" f / A2 V1 W! m& r7 T- USPECI Special Report (Meteo) x; e1 A* K% b4 H ' h" _3 ^2 | ~* [4 rSR Sunrise $ R; f3 c8 t4 s$ i SRJ Slot Improvement Proposal Rejection Message , O1 D) n4 g( ? SRS Standard Routing Scheme (ARN) $ X- g9 E' j& P y2 r& t$ E SS Sunset SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar S J+ F. t% C SST Super Sonic Transport ) m$ x' K; t" H& @* d. ASTAR Standard Arrival 8 O' k% S% u% c) `$ J7 W3 T- X STC Supplemental Type Certificate 7 \" \7 R' p. t/ U/ X9 w% ~5 n4 KSTD Synthetic Training Device (JAR-FCL) # A/ F3 d6 c5 ySTDMA Self-Organizing Time Division Multiple Access (VDL) 3 L# T$ K( E) r. hSUN Sunday (MON-TUE-WED-THU-FRI-SAT-SUN-HOL) SURV Surveillance SWC Significant Weather Chart 8 A0 l6 f2 Q$ q" J SWM SIP Wanted Message T ) j8 _4 H4 ?3 a3 @. T- N( T5 Z/ H t/o take-off H$ N& s& t- G; K# W7 m1 ]1 T' y: [! eTA Transition Altitude TACAN Tactical Air Navigation % k8 a' z' v% _! `; n TACT Tactical System (CFMU) V1 T2 R& l, H+ n+ O8 ^. U) v TAF Terminal Area Forecast (weather forecast) # f; S6 l' j! c TAS True Air Speed 4 W& ?+ B( D4 D3 rTAWS Terrain Awareness and Warning System / M9 r; k% Z5 K+ B0 qTBO Time between overhaul : B4 P4 t. g7 D8 n TCAS Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System 0 S) p. J3 }/ G. `" m3 \, l TDMA Time Division Multiple Access (VDL) TF Task Force , h! i& y0 T; F6 ^THR Threshold 0 p0 F0 `( l6 e+ Y& K9 x3 HTIS Time to Insert the Sequence + T* p( ]+ k2 v6 w$ ^3 k; @: c. Z TKOF Take-Off ; u8 X( B9 `2 O& MTLS Transponder Landing System - m8 a- s1 F! y4 C9 M3 m TMA Terminal Area TMG Touring Motor Glider (JAR-FCL) + U# A2 k& A- Y* q0 n $ ^. O! @; N4 e4 Q4 [TNC Tactical Navigation Chart TPC Tactical Piloting Chart ; y6 X) u3 p* m4 J: R4 d% I, l8 H TR Type Rating (JAR-FCL) TRE Type Rating Examiner (JAR-FCL) 0 H# p, M# @" ]7 Q$ t 9 B& `# m) S) [TRI Type Rating Instructor (JAR-FCL) 3 W3 z; {5 |- x9 ?9 r& [TRS Time to Remove from Sequence 5 l; ]) e x0 f* Y TSMO Time since major overhaul 4 R/ J1 W3 o8 _! l) H9 }0 ?3 ATSO Technical Standard Order 8 b8 b8 e/ P7 F9 ?! oTT Total Time TTSN Total Time since new u D* R% |0 l! E# r+ O x TTSO Total Time since overhaul ! l$ g& x u( a* s TWR Tower (Control Tower) 9 b2 Z0 z: T* R- l 6 m3 d! s9 u& l+ O6 w9 }U 4 N& G2 [4 b! q) K u/s unserviceable 4 g+ b2 r2 h" s9 [7 D6 H $ V) S1 P- h$ u8 |UFN Until Further Notice K6 o! R7 W% b UFO Unidentified Flying Object , [: C' ]% f! s* K2 sUHF Ultra High Frequencies (300 MHz-30 GHz) ; F$ ?9 C& N) y/ v% i4 i! @ UL, ULM Ultralight, Ultra-léger motorisé 6 t. j* ]- o, p9 h M' F: e& O& O 0 j. X3 @" U& T5 @UMAS Unmanaged Air Space (Eurocontrol Definition) URB User Relations Bureau (CFMU) ( m3 n. u! x& {4 H. Y: V$ ] USAF US Air Force USG, USGal US-Gallon (3.78 Liter) 8 [+ p' l* N- K9 w' Q8 XUTC Universal Time Coordinated 7 w2 P; ]% g- [* d4 d UUP Updated Airspace Use Plan " B7 z" j o8 N6 b1 h) ~0 ^ V 6 a& J+ ^/ B! m! k( s* O VAL Visual Approach and Landing (Chart) VAR Variation : o: ?6 D/ Y' @- L, k3 @9 R 4 J% x, }! t+ T4 k* S# JVAT Value Added Tax 9 [9 i/ @7 A6 C, P! Z7 f% ]VDL VHF Data Link (-n = type n) VFR Visual Flight Rules ("good" weather operations rules) 9 Z3 R& k* Y9 n$ W1 l2 }! ~9 pVHF Very High Frequency (30-300 MHz) ! N6 G) H8 K# N! `' } 4 J |7 J2 W9 `: W7 o NVIS Visual, Visibility ; Q* A7 G4 I) ~" ?; r0 HVJAR-FCL Verordnung JAR-FCL (JAR-FCL transformed to Swiss Law) * `, {# \8 h- Q1 c: J0 h; O, yVLA Very Light Aircraft (Aircraft certification category) VLA Very Large Aircraft (NATO description for future transport aircraft) VMC Visual Meteo Conditions ("good" weather for VFR or IFR) VNAV Vertical Navigation (GLS) Approach : ?% [" N: O; E; s+ a VOR VHF Omnidirectional Radio-Range ' c' ~* C6 E& h: ?# \) IVOR/DME Combined VOR and DME radio station / m2 v! o/ S- h/ t, x. G* ] Vso V-Speed-List: Stall Speed in Landing Configuration 8 J: {2 ]/ f: C! j/ _ - h3 @/ K: T# Y) B* bW 0 u, X4 H4 Z0 e: N, ?7 K! J 4 f. l) n, d7 F1 LWA (IAOPA) World Assembly ' F4 e# g, k- t6 B- ` ! p2 b; e3 e6 B0 ?/ h3 wWAAS Wide Area Augmentation System WIP Work in Progress WMO World Meteorological Organisation 5 h( {( v3 v0 w' [& ]; _6 s WPT Waypoint ! D3 J) e$ n1 _7 TWWII 2nd World War WX Weather + X0 k- n( n# E8 k% v0 s ! O7 L0 R [( X, w+ p/ m - X' c, Z3 R. K; |X - h4 P1 Y) R) E9 L( I ( K# g2 V7 t) C. a, K0 JXPDR Transponder. Radar-enhancement/datalink box for ATC purposes. " V: @. P+ K1 `) J Y # p/ Z5 z4 H7 Z Y2k Year-2000 computer date problem 4 T" v' y7 a3 x. [3 N4 ]k=decimal kilo=1000 starting at 1, =1000 often erroneously referred to as: 2 D6 v5 Y' s: s# g! K . x4 o! y' \# G' ]# p' GY2K which means 2047 (a peculiarity of binary counters), not 2000: 2 [6 o" w1 ~+ g- I) J& J3 `( jK=binary kilo=1023 starting at 0, =1024 Z 5 j$ ^9 i: V: l, g0 W/ [ 6 r7 K+ G `) f T2 \- k7 g' _2 e, O8 H8 t0? - O/ D2 ^5 S A; s$ S% v 5 by 5 Five by five is an expression used in aviation (and maybe other) ! Z6 N7 z+ p! d. E/ _3 z5 m9 G3 d 1 ~6 Y+ C2 v1 H/ j* y' Oradio communication to indicate the quality and loudness of received voice / z9 z9 e. t. F0 k& itransmissions. Rated one to five indicates - first figure - clearness and - ( r X+ m3 r; Z% X# n/ D+ ^. f3 s ( A1 s; b2 p7 c, m1 W) f( ^9 c7 B% }second - loudness. Five by five means that a transmission is received clear 2 E4 H. H. ^" \' g8 T# Nand loud (in clear words usually loud and clear is used...). One by one, on ! ^( ?7 l/ f/ x1 _* ]: O# {/ jthe other hand, means it can hardly be heard and is not understandable. If j5 R( G7 J9 M; ~% D! H" W you have a loud but distorted transmission, you may hear two by five, and a ; u! H' x) `) S weak but clearly understandable one may be called five by three... The 1 w1 v6 m ?" v7 j% P% t3 V 4 Y3 a; s# c8 j/ e% V1 udefinition of this must be included somewhere in a radiotelephony document " |) r m3 X, u6 | s; J- w of ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organisation) " V" h% I; a6 c% y' k$ Y4 V6 L' p 4 a# B% v" c; J! S8 ~406 MHz Emergency Locater Beacon (or Transmitter) on 406 MHz Frequency 8.33 (kHz) Communication Frequences with 8.33 kHz channel spacing ! Q1 V( f1 ~$ x3 v/ E ! R I# v1 n7 L3 A B80/87 AVGAS of 80 (best mixture)/87 octane (full rich mixture) f I) f5 z; k8 B82UL AVGAS of 82 (best mixture) octane (approx 90 octane full rich) unleaded + a! E" S" Y- c91/96UL AVGAS of 91 (best mixture)/96 octane (full rich mixture) unleaded $ B2 H5 G/ i9 G0 ^4 @9 ^, R100/130 AVGAS of 100 (best mixture)/130 octane (full rich mixture) ) O4 d# I$ O' b! ]6 z 100LL AVGAS of 100 (best mixture)/130 octane (full rich) low lead (=most used) 8 C3 g, v, O" ^4 k# CVoice Spelling Alphabet 8 m1 j+ i6 e5 V* ]$ c i 5 N- M w( n# l8 S! CALFA BRAVO CHARLY DELTA ECHO FOXTROTT GOLF 4 i0 @& A) J; t: j9 A+ m" K X1 KHOTEL INDIA JULIET KILO LIMA MIKE NOVEMBER OSCAR PAPA QUEBEC ROMEO SIERRA TANGO UNIFORM 2 @" [' T0 J4 d6 g) Y. j, a% t2 lVICTOR WHISKY X-RAY YANKEE ZULU 1 q' Z$ [4 ^+ H& p2 M6 ?- ^EXAMPLE: Echo X-ray Alfa Mike Papa Lima Echo. & z4 Z. q. I) y. g0 [5 W& ~ FPL Codes Equipment Codes to be used in FPL NAV/COM/APP SUR/CAP Letter current use proposed use Letter current use proposed use A RNAV A XPDR Mode A XPDR Mode A B FMS single B C LORAN-C LORAN-C C XPDR Mode A+C XPDR Mode A+C D DME DME D ADS ADS E FMS dual E FMS F ADF ADF F G GPS GNSS G GNSS H HF HF H I INS (?) INS I J Datalink Datalink J K MLS K MLS L ILS ILS L M MMR MMR M N no equipment N O VOR VOR O P GPS P Q Glonass Glonass Q R RNAV R(n) RNP RNP n=1+9 S S(n) XPDR Mode S XPDR Mode S n=1+9 T TACAN TACAN T(n) ACAS ACAS n=1+9 U UHF UHF U V VHF VHF V(n) RVR RVR n=1+9 W W RVSM RVSM X X MNPS Y 8.33kHz Y 8.33kHz Z other equipment Z other equipment A1 j6 K8 ^0 I1 aACCIDENT ( v2 a/ D s- x( ?& Z0 w : o5 E/ c" R8 [1 EAn occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight and until such time as all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers death or serious injury or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage. AIR CARRIER 2 {0 u, M+ b2 | A person who undertakes directly, by lease, or other arrangement, to engage in air transportation. AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE (ADIZ) % y2 p5 O+ E. p4 n The area of airspace over land or water, extending upward from the surface, within which the ready identification, the location, and the control of aircraft are required in the interest of national security. $ P$ C8 q. m4 n 1. Domestic Air Defense Identification Zone - An ADIZ within the United States along an international boundary of the United States. ! o4 m; S! _7 ` d0 {3 ]0 ? 2. Coastal Air Defense Identification Zone - An ADIZ over the coastal waters of the United States. ! A7 F6 G3 ^$ n; l/ i/ O, | 7 v$ P. O. ]: D2 T. f7 x) o+ y3. Distant Early Warning Identification Zone (DEWIZ) - An ADIZ over the coastal waters of the State of Alaska. " ?" t1 ~+ T3 S: _* |0 l, GADIZ locations and operating and flight plan requirements for civil aircraft operations are specified in FAR Part 99. % @3 G$ z2 D9 i+ V* g I' B$ z: P AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTER (ARTCC) OR CENTER 6 W. t9 Q/ R) U% V . L9 E9 E# d' l. o5 v' DA facility established to provide air traffic control service to aircraft operating on IFR flight plans within controlled airspace and principally during the en route phase of flight. When equipment capabilities and controller workload permit, certain advisory/assistance services may be provided to VFR aircraft. % v. @& \( f5 [8 Y AIR TAXI / M0 ^+ K2 d$ ~/ ? 2 t1 c. b; M; A- Y: i0 [5 YAn aircraft operator who conducts operations for hire or compensation in accordance with FAR Part 135 in an aircraft with 30 or fewer passenger seats and a payload capacity of 7,500 pounds or less. An air taxi operates on an on demand basis and does not meet the "flight scheduled" qualifications of a commuter. # E2 V6 U0 @, Q& E3 h. }1 J + `7 e. f# T9 b! r% X0 u) AAIR TRAFFIC CONTROL (ATC) & _/ d3 i5 @3 w7 H. bA service operated by the appropriate authority to promote the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of air traffic. ! W1 m4 e8 ~; ?& |7 F. z7 d0 r4 X - j# M8 ^ R0 E/ G; L9 Q' OAIRPORT $ v8 c4 p: }" b( O 3 \- a% q0 y* h. FAn area on land or water that is used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft and includes its buildings and facilities, if any. # @. X0 j, \8 { . r0 H! |" ^% W% P# d AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER (ATCT) 8 G7 {) B2 j+ w/ X/ Z - Z7 n( j y6 e1 BA terminal facility that uses air/ground communications, visual signaling, and other devices to provide ATC services to aircraft operating in the vicinity of an airport or on the movement area. Authorizes aircraft to land or takeoff at the airport controlled by the tower or to transit the Class D airspace area regardless of flight plan or weather conditions (IFR or VFR). A tower may also provide approach control services (radar or nonradar). ( _ r& o- p9 C" \2 H ' y5 e8 J6 s! g( _& NAUTOMATIC TERMINAL INFORMATION SERVICE (ATIS) ( ?. {! O! F6 b4 R4 i( |' }) U 0 s/ y4 G: z$ D9 Z2 u7 J: \The continuous broadcast of recorded noncontrol information in selected terminal areas. Its purpose is to improve controller effectiveness and to relieve frequency congestion by automating the repetitive transmission of essential but routine information; e.g., "Los Angeles information Alfa. One three zero zero Coordinated Universal Time. Weather measured ceiling two thousand overcast, visibility three, haze, smoke, temperature seven one, dew point five seven, wind two five zero at five, altimeter two niner six. ILS Runway Two Five Left approach in use, Runway Two Five Right closed, advise you have Alfa." 9 ~8 r0 ^5 a; e1 c! A $ h# R9 Y/ s4 ?% ~% ^4 f" |1 k* v ! F8 C5 u8 R* fCEILING The heights above the earth's surface of the lowest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena that is reported as "broken," "overcast," or "obscuration," and not classified as "thin" or "partial". CENTER ]- a" `4 y6 F/ _! S' b An Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC). See Air Route Traffic Control Center. CERTIFICATED AIRPORT W- k' u: E) P$ o% u8 d$ V ' l( j" ~0 h- N" jAn airport operating under FAR Part 139. The FAA issues airport operating certificates to all airports serving scheduled or unscheduled air carrier aircraft designed for more than 30 passenger seats. Certificated airports must meet minimum safety standards in accordance with FAR Part 139. 8 y; J) r. [ ^ h: ?9 d l8 xCLASS G AIRSPACE (UNCONTROLLED AIRSPACE) 2 R) R* i$ F @# L% Z9 f ! O h5 d5 d# r; G+ }* RThe airspace not designated as Class A, B, C, D or E. ; v5 m$ r. Z& @6 Y 9 [6 o+ I& a/ V! i3 w1 O5 VCOMBINED CENTER/RAPCON (CERAP) # h$ g* I' ~# s! \An air traffic facility which combines the functions of an ARTCC and a radar approach control facility. 8 l3 t0 i, w( V COMMON TRAFFIC ADVISORY FREQUENCY (CTAF) 1 [$ S% f @, S3 z3 ?# A( F$ j5 L A frequency designed for the purpose of carrying out airport advisory practices while operating to or from an airport without an operating control tower. The CTAF may be a UNICOM, Multicom, FSS, or tower frequency and is identified in appropriate aeronautical publications. (Refer to AC 90-42) ( b3 q) W2 r9 l, w 9 \7 k/ a" w9 h/ s4 e" }COMMUTER : ~0 [& N" e8 H/ M, L7 k An air carrier operator operating under 14 CFR 135 that carries passengers on at least five round trips per week on at least one route between two or more points according to its published flight schedules that specify the times, day of the week, and places between which these flights are performed. The aircraft that a commuter operates has 30 or fewer passenger seats and a payload capability of 7,500 pounds or less. / r& x- [. n! e, r' i! n CONTROLLED AIRSPACE ! {% ]9 a3 d" l7 k+ G* V3 r' H + u& l/ y0 F' M* J- B3 ZAn airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic control service is provided to IFR flights and to VFR flights in accordance with the airspace classification. Controlled airspace is a generic term that covers Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, and Class E airspace. Controlled airspace is also that airspace within which all aircraft operators are subject to certain pilot qualifications, operating rules, and equipment requirements in FAR Part 91 (for specific operating requirements, please refer to FAR Part 91). For IFR operations in any class of controlled airspace, a pilot must file an IFR flight plan and receive an appropriate ATC clearance. Each Class B, Class C, and Class D airspace area designated for an airport contains at least one primary airport around which the airspace is designated (for specific designations and descriptions of the airspace classes, please refer to FAR Part 71. 1 g' W1 i0 a5 F8 y 0 a8 O) t. x4 k* M, i1 uControlled airspace in the United States is designated as follows: z2 z2 f+ V+ ?! }+ c, ^0 D; c5 S4 a , B# h5 Y% o8 T! [0 s1. CLASS A (formerly PCA -Positive Control Area) generally, that airspace from 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL) up to and including flight level (FL) 600 (60,000 feet pressure altitude) , including the airspace overlying the waters within 12 nautical miles of the coast of the 48 contiguous States and Alaska. Unless otherwise authorized, all persons must operate their aircraft under IFR. 8 [" P: g. O: U2 r; N/ w/ o% ~ $ A. f7 P7 G$ f: S2. CLASS B (formerly TCA Terminal Control Area) Generally, that airspace from the surface to 10,000 feet mean sea level (MSL) surrounding the nation's busiest airports in terms of airport operations or passenger enplanements. The configuration of each Class B airspace area is individually tailored and consists of a surface area and two or more layers (some Class B airspace areas resemble upside down wedding cakes), and is designed to contain all published instrument procedures once an aircraft enters the airspace. An ATC clearance is required for all aircraft to operate in the area, and all aircraft that are so cleared receive separation services within the airspace. The cloud clearance requirement for VFR operations is "clear of clouds." - T( ]& h( t8 E" x" i* p3. CLASS C (formerly ARSA Airport Radar Service Area) ( [3 o% }. w6 j, yGenerally, that airspace from the surface to 4,000 feet above the airport elevation (charted in mean sea level (MSL)) surrounding those airports that have an operational control tower, are serviced by a radar approach control, and that have a certain number of IFR operations or passenger enplanements. Although the configuration of each Class C area is individually tailored, the airspace usually consists of a surface area with a 5 nautical mile (NM) radius, an outer circle with a 10 nm radius that extends from 1,200 feet to 4,000 feet above the airport elevation and an outer area. Each person must establish two-way radio communications with the ATC facility providing air traffic services prior to entering the airspace and thereafter maintain those communications while within the airspace. VFR aircraft are only separated from IFR aircraft within the airspace. ! s1 f4 M" C$ d 9 H* l! h2 m( I2 ?. u 4. CLASS D (formerly ATA Airport Traffic Area and CZ Control Zone) 2 E1 c- @, T$ U( IGenerally, that airspace from the surface to 2,500 feet above the airport elevation (charted in mean sea level (MSL)) surrounding those airports that have an operational control tower. The configuration of each Class D airspace area is individually tailored and when instrument procedures are published, the airspace will normally be designed to contain the procedures. Arrival extensions for instrument approach procedures may be Class D or Class E airspace. Unless otherwise authorized, each person must establish two-way radio communications with the ATC facility providing air traffic services prior to entering the airspace and thereafter maintain those communications while in the airspace. No separation services are provided to VFR aircraft. % d! t! x, v! H5 n 5. CLASS E (formerly General Controlled Airspace) 9 |/ b* {8 e# u) u9 L9 ~# P - v' W# b% [3 LGenerally, if the airspace is not Class A, Class B, Class C, or Class D, and it is controlled airspace, it is Class E airspace. Class E airspace extends upward from either the surface or a designated altitude to the overlying or adjacent controlled airspace. When designated as a surface area, the airspace will be configured to contain all instrument procedures. Also in this class are Federal airways, airspace beginning at either 700 or 1,200 feet AGL used to transition to/from the terminal or enroute environment, enroute domestic, and offshore airspace areas designated below 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL). Unless designated at a lower altitude, Class E airspace begins at 14,500 feet mean sea level (MSL) over the United States, including that airspace overlying the waters within 12 nautical miles of the coast of the 48 contiguous States and Alaska, up to, but not including 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL), and the airspace above flight level (FL) 600. * C. [+ |. \$ w6 ^) f ' F3 W ]$ _: s# b, l DECISION HEIGHT (DH) 0 n) W* M4 {/ b1 L; G7 i/ n e3 M With respect to the operation of aircraft, means the height at which a decision must be made during an ILS, MLS, or PAR instrument approach to either continue the approach or to execute a missed approach. : R' t- R: O) X" ]2 c7 a . T1 V5 E$ h* U( M( v: @ DELAY ( H8 `% k+ v0 ^2 A - I$ A: G+ O# A, K E/ p, g1 CDelays are incurred when any action is taken by a controller that prevents an aircraft from proceeding normally to its destination for an interval of 15 minutes or more. This includes actions to delay departing or enroute, or arriving aircraft as well as actions taken to delay aircraft at departing airports due to conditions en route or at destination airports. DEPARTURES 5 j/ Y! Y1 l; A The number of aircraft take-offs actually performed in domestic and international scheduled and non-scheduled passenger/cargo and all-cargo revenue services. ' H3 m3 k% ? J! v$ P# E$ o7 f- \DOMESTIC OPERATIONS Operations within and between: the 50 states of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands, Canadian transborder operations, and (for certain carriers) Mexican transborder operations. + E9 |5 ?: U0 x* F" E3 z ! S4 i/ \: K J5 k( BEN ROUTE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SERVICES & @* ]' J4 N+ RAir traffic control services provided aircraft on IFR flight plans, generally by centers, when these aircraft are operating between departure and destination terminal areas. When equipment, capabilities, and controller workload permit, certain advisory/assistance services may be provided to VFR aircraft. - h/ y9 B% x6 c* p/ D: F ENPLANEMENT 0 a! j% [' m" Z. w: N6 t" f A revenue passenger boarding an aircraft. 0 `7 G+ n e- A0 _# p2 w% U FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION (FAR) / P+ S6 ^; c5 f" _. q 14 CFR FAR Part 91 - General Aviation (portions apply to all operators) 2 F3 X! g3 k6 @9 h7 y 14 CFR FAR Part 103 - Ultralight Vehicles 14 CFR FAR Part 105 - Parachute Jumping / n9 L3 h( P* t7 l A2 X3 p2 p- M14 CFR FAR Part 108 - Airplane Operator Security ; N% I/ T3 n; H9 x1 h. h8 @6 R3 J0 p ) z% |" D8 K7 t7 M7 K: x14 CFR FAR Part 119 - Certification: Air Carriers and Commercial Operators 7 O; z, U. T+ K) N1 Z5 ] 14 CFR FAR Part 121 - Domestic, Flag and Supplemental Air Carriers and Commercial Operators of Large Aircraft 14 CFR FAR Part 123 - Travel Clubs n8 m1 A5 U6 F, ~& Z6 o& u 14 CFR FAR Part 125 - US Civil Airplanes, seating 20 or more passengers or a maximum payload capacity 6,000 pounds or more. , |) C; |6 t5 l6 z% j 14 CFR FAR Part 127 - Air Carriers using helicopters for scheduled interstate flights (within the 48 contiguous states) 8 m1 ?, e+ V% u; M8 z0 T3 D9 { h14 CFR FAR Part 129 - Foreign Air Carrier and Foreign Operators of US registered aircraft engaged in common carriage : L# U9 S4 o( K. d; [ . m; q2 V' B7 |! _4 J/ X* q' _; V; y14 CFR FAR Part 133 - Rotorcraft External Load Operations 14 CFR FAR Part 135 - Air Taxi Operators and Commercial Operators . D8 Q* s0 g u2 R3 x) N L, m; z 14 CFR FAR Part 137 - Agricultural Aircraft Operations , y$ x( ^. K0 G& V; B }; r- H 14 CFR FAR Part 141 - Pilot School 8 p5 }$ k. `3 A- M$ W* [ N" K' Xwhere CFR - Code of Federal Regulation 8 ?: d9 f; x& S1 _- M. K # d' {* T! W# a" X3 {) DFERRY FLIGHT u1 ^& N1 B! y * v- z* J2 @ n. t, c* ?+ PA flight for the purpose of: : U U/ V4 s9 l8 \, b% B+ ~/ b1. Returning an aircraft to base. + Q t; _# j% G' k" o3 ?! Y" p 2. Delivering an aircraft from one location to another. 0 ]* G b) Q( b + C; F+ _6 k2 c$ N' `2 j0 c3. Moving an aircraft to and from a maintenance base. Ferry flights, under certain conditions, may be conducted under terms of a special flight permit. FLIGHT LEVEL (FL) ( m: ?% e, H: B3 F( W) ~& n& F& I UA level of constant atmospheric pressure related to a reference datum of 29.92 inches of mercury. Each is stated in three digits that represent hundreds of feet. For example, flight level 250 represents a barometric altimeter indication of 25,000 feet; flight level 255, an indication of 25,500 feet. ( E- y1 L. {( {. V M/ |$ Y4 i4 N. ^ X/ V G% t/ A FLIGHT PLAN Specified information relating to the intended flight of an aircraft that is filed orally or in writing with an FSS or an ATC facility. / |8 |* |- ^/ n) J) R S( o FLIGHT SERVICE STATION (FSS) + \$ P2 Z& |- n Air traffic facilities which provide pilot briefing, enroute communications and VFR search and rescue services, assist lost aircraft and aircraft in emergency situations, relay ATC clearances, originate Notices to Airmen, broadcast aviation weather and NAS information, receive and process IFR flight plans, and monitor NAVAIDs. In addition, at selected locations, FSSs provide Enroute Flight Advisory Service (Flight Watch), take weather observations, issue airport advisories, and advise Customs and Immigration of transborder flights. # V+ ^3 Y4 V- k: J & X) Z" O/ E- RFREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA) ; d3 u* M. b3 y* N+ B) X4 rThe Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) allows all U.S. citizens and residents to request any records in possession of the executive branch of the federal government. The term "records" includes documents, papers, reports, letters, films, photographs, sound recordings, computer tapes and disks. An object that cannot be reproduced is not considered a record in this case. The federal FOIA covers the President's cabinet agencies, independent agencies, regulatory commissions and government-owned corporations. Congress is exempt, as are federal court and state and local governments. Some states and municipalities have laws modeled after the federal FOIA. The federal act includes nine exemptions that agencies may claim as a basis for withholding information. An administrative appeal can be filed that argues for disclosure based on benefits to the public vs. privacy. If a good argument is made, appellate reviewers may waive an exemption. . U; A4 A0 t0 e: X Q ~8 g* ] D3 r & a' f( q1 x- W$ U( I7 _GENERAL AVIATION 6 k( `$ b% v7 X4 Q. S That portion of civil aviation which encompasses all facets of aviation except air carriers holding a certificate of public convenience and necessity from the Civil Aeronautics Board and large aircraft commercial operators. ' }3 u h2 i3 f, i( m1 c* C 5 x$ F1 |, z, LGYROPLANE ) m6 d ]* K0 [3 `% [4 S2 s8 M A rotorcraft whose rotors are not engine-driven, except for initial starting, but are made to rotate by action of the air when the rotorcraft is moving; and whose means of propulsion, consisting usually of conventional propellers, is independent of the rotor system. $ C3 s1 r' V/ ~6 O$ \, w* S8 E; L & B' o- a2 Z4 z) A5 aHELICOPTER . l0 u: H$ e4 d3 H+ Q * d: ]7 {, B" S2 o6 P% b; ], a5 eA rotorcraft that, for its horizontal motion, depends principally on its engine-driven rotors. HOURS FLOWN 1 _2 U* w" `' y) e% S ; X7 y- J) m" Y0 ]5 D, Z" WThe airborne hours in domestic and international scheduled and non-scheduled revenue service, computed from the moment an aircraft leaves the ground until it touches the ground again. - Q, _+ v' v5 y% {+ X$ l% EIFR AIRCRAFT/IFR FLIGHT An aircraft conducting flight in accordance with instrument flight rules. INCIDENT $ z3 l- A) f9 ? 1 _; g t7 ~$ c0 cAn occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations. 8 ?: _0 s% H2 U8 w7 q ; @; o( C( ~+ f6 X4 E+ UINSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULE (IFR) A set of rules governing the conduct of flight under instrument meteorological conditions. # z: \2 e1 k+ f( k; j . z# }% b; `- r: m' D* z8 ^( S INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS (IMC) Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from clouds, and ceiling less than minima specified for visual meteorological conditions. % X3 h3 v0 u5 `/ J; o3 O) UINSTRUMENT OPERATIONS + P* ^4 e; \/ J& F2 ~& b8 }; O' u $ ^1 `1 j2 ]. l( e: }Arrivals or departures of an aircraft in accordance with an IFR flight plan or special VFR procedures or an operation where IFR separation between aircraft is provided by a terminal control facility. There are three kinds of instrument operations: 2 X: w$ U( `$ H' R/ m$ s0 u 1. Primary Instrument Operations: arrivals and departures at the primary airport which is normally the airport at which the approach control facility is located. 2. Secondary Instrument Operations: arrivals and departures at airports other than the primary airport. $ u) N2 z" X G( c8 c/ Y3. Overflights: operations in which an aircraft transits the area without intent to land. 4 q3 {9 J; l/ |3 q ' p% Z+ }' B+ BMILES FLOWN 9 k; G4 q& S, j, i The miles (computed in airport-to-airport distances) for each inter-airport hop actually completed in domestic and international revenue services, scheduled and non-scheduled. In cases where the inter-airport distances are inapplicable, aircraft miles flown are determined by multplying the normal cruising speed for the aircraft type by the airborne hours. , _: O! r+ n1 O a8 I $ T/ e s0 o6 E$ r3 x' z ) ^5 A/ T/ W! }1 v% I: o' g( ~NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM (NAS) . m! Y: N6 T' N0 H: B The common network of US airspace; air navigation facilities, equipment and services, airports or landing areas; aeronautical charts, information and services; rules, regulations and procedures, technical information, and human resources and material. Included are system components shared jointly with the military. 9 U6 r. y' v& H; v ! u* T1 Y0 w1 u+ B/ e+ mNDB ) I. k8 M3 t2 I7 O# A3 F3 XAn L/MF or UHF radio beacon transmitting nondirectional signals whereby the pilot of an aircraft equipped with direction finding equipment can determine his bearing to or from the radio beacon and "home" on or track to or from the station. When the radio beacon is installed in conjuncion with the Instrument Landing System marker, it is normally called a Compass Locator. / t# |1 x8 ^6 C: r * I/ ~- C5 s8 K( K ?% j NEAR MIDAIR COLLISION (NMAC) An incident associated with the operation of an aircraft in which the possibility of a collision occurs as a result of proximity of less than 500 feet to another aircraft, or a report is received from a pilot or flightcrew member stating that a collision hazard existed between two or more aircraft. ' ?/ s2 W( I6 P _ 7 X) K8 [. I6 F* H" N- R7 W3 nDegree of Hazard (NMAC) . l- ~0 [! ?6 Q: @$ q. O- @ ' R/ ?' d. K \ Critical: A situation in which collision avoidance was due to chance rather than an act on the part of the pilot. Less than 100 feet of aircraft separation would be considered critical. % r/ l! b: r0 ?9 n' t0 Q2 w/ w) }Potential: An incident which would probably have resulted in a collision if no action had been taken by either pilot. Closest proximity of less than 500 feet would usually be required in this case. 5 H! U/ H/ ^+ C8 u# bNo hazard: A situation in which direction and altitude would have made a midair collision improbable regardless of evasive action taken. + Y+ t% Z. c. N) Q5 F# I Z NON-SCHEDULED SERVICE 3 `# {/ o8 D, V 8 c) l: r, d3 t# q. j4 H+ `$ g+ W) ZRevenue flights, such as charter flights, that are not operated in regular scheduled service and all nonrevenue flights incident to such flights. $ r7 e7 y7 L' D 1 q: ?* q! e* d- zOPERATIONAL DEVIATION (OD) An occurrence where applicable separation minima, as referenced in the operational error definition below were maintained, but: (1) less than the applicable separation minima existed between an aircraft and protected airspace without prior approval, (2) an aircraft penetrated airspace that was delegated to another position of operation or another facility without prior coordination and approval, (3) an aircraft penetrated airspace that was delegated to another position of operation of another facility at an altitude or route contrary to the altitude or route requested and approved in direct coordination or as specified in a Letter of Agreement, pre-coordination or internal procedure, (4) an aircraft, vehicle, equipment, or personnel encroached upon a landing area that was delegated to another position of operation without prior coordination and approval. : P) P" n! N' m , H# N8 v* }# W/ L 0 w; O3 n/ w; x) t% {OPERATIONAL ERROR (OE) : K8 W# u4 l& ~$ v: j$ T, C An occurrence attributable to an element of the air traffic control system which results in less than the applicable separation minima between two or more aircraft, or between an aircraft and terrain or obstacles as required by Handbook 7110.65 and supplemental instructions. Obstacles include vehicles/equipment/personnel on runways, or aircraft lands or departs on a runway closed to aircraft operations after receiving air traffic authorization. , R) s# y" U( i8 d ' O& _3 Q6 M) m% Y, Q3 g $ j$ J* G3 z' e. E: P& F0 DPILOT DEVIATION (PD) * Q: l( U% r, Z7 g! a0 R7 | The actions of a pilot which result in the violation of a Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) or a North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) tolerance. PILOT IN COMMAND " Z2 {( P2 ]. S9 z% g8 \ The pilot responsible for the operation and safety of an aircraft during flight time. 1 ^$ ^) N7 X0 ^/ |' I9 T : d) {) ?! `" }, q2 ?8 c POSITIVE CONTROL Q# Q3 r; Y2 ^3 z, L: J5 z The separation of all air traffic within designated airspace by air traffic control. 6 T9 D7 i9 S' C4 U6 h 7 V5 G2 b6 o5 T' Z 5 }/ h& x8 l wRADAR APPROACH CONTROL FACILITY (RAPCON) $ u6 q3 |; S; r& {- u" ` , ?$ z; _ ~0 f2 x2 LA terminal ATC facility that uses radar and nonradar capabilities to provide approach control services to aircraft arriving, departing, or transiting airspace controlled by the facility. This facility rovides radar ATC services to aircraft operating in the vicinity of one or more civil and/or military airports in a terminal area. The facility may provide services of a ground controlled approach (GCA); i.e., ASR and PAR approaches. A radar approach control facility may be operated by FAA, USAF, US Army, USN, USMC, or jointly by FAA and a military service. Specific facility nomenclatures are used for administrative purposes only and are related to the physical location of the facility and the operating service generally as follows: 3 P. P7 z1 R3 I9 TArmy Radar Approach Control (ARAC) (Army) ) c; v; B+ G! {# F. _6 l Radar Air Traffic Control Facility (RATCF) (Navy/FAA) 7 U/ V8 {0 r$ V Radar Approach Control (RAPCON) (Air Force/FAA) 2 b* N- f# E% k Z/ z Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) (FAA) ) u; {) x( V# V; D, c9 }' B 4 ?' D' N& B4 R4 S1 UTower/Airport Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) (FAA). (Only those towers delegated approach control authority) U( t9 b/ ]! L: e( N: P1 r! H, g REVENUE , A" |. o, v1 d: J ) m3 a7 F- j( K! |5 J0 g0 n0 @7 N- {2 TPertaining to activities for which remuneration is received by the carrier. ROTORCRAFT u9 ^8 Q& c1 w' A3 d6 HA heavier-than-air aircraft that depends principally for its support in flight on the lift generated by one or more rotors. Includes helicopters and gyroplanes. RUNWAY INCURSION Any occurrence at an airport involving an aircraft, vehicle, person, or object on the ground that creates a collision hazard or results in loss of separation with an aircraft taking off, intending to take off, landing or intending to land. : c4 W. i2 H" _0 T$ t) ~ SCHEDULED SERVICE Transport service operated pursuant to published flight schedules, including extra sections and related nonrevenue flights. ( g, Y' ?, @1 a% B SEPARATION MINIMA 5 M% Y. u- B: w, ^2 a) z( aThe minimum longitudinal, lateral, or vertical distances by which aircraft are spaced through the application of air traffic control procedures. 1 B" I9 p! ^* R8 g3 n$ E SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE (SUA) Airspace of defined dimensions identified by an area on the surface of the earth wherein activities must be confined because of their nature and/or wherein limitations may be imposed upon aircraft operations that are not a part of those activities. Types of special use airspace are: - l2 R* Y5 J; y6 z2 |3 `3 \1 F 9 D s) H6 V, y2 F) F- `$ k' ~a. Alert Area - Airspace which may contain a high volume of pilot training activities or an unusual type of aerial activity, neither of which is hazardous to aircraft. Alert Areas are depicted on aeronautical charts for the information of nonparticipating pilots. All activities within an Alert Area are conducted in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations, and pilots of participating aircraft as well as pilots transiting the area are equally responsible for collision avoidance. / @( u5 j$ D( E9 w- ` b. Controlled Firing Area - Airspace wherein activities are conducted under conditions so controlled as to eliminate hazards to nonparticipating aircraft and to ensure the safety of persons and property on the ground. ; B! a" T2 Y) A# g# L+ B' u! Yc. Military Operations Area (MOA) - An MOA is airspace established outside of Class A airspace area to separate or segregate certain nonhazardous military activities from IFR traffic and to identify for VFR traffic where these activities are conducted. (Refer to AIM) ; F+ G8 c' f& d6 o/ ^ d. Prohibited Area - Airspace designated under part 73 within which no person may operate an aircraft without the permission of the using agency. (Refer to Enroute Charts, AIM) ' g; _% e( v _0 w+ J7 ?e. Restricted Area - Airspace designated under FAR Part 73, within which the flight of aircraft, while not wholly prohibited, is subject to restriction. Most restricted areas are designated joint use and IFR/VFR operations in the area may be authorized by the controlling ATC facility when it is not being utilized by the using agency. Restricted areas are depicted on enroute charts. Where joint use is authorized, the name of the ATC controlling facility is also shown. (Refer to FAR Part 73 and AIM) + A4 ]$ p7 q% { f. Warning Area - A warning area is airspace of defined dimensions extending from 3 nautical miles outward from the coast of the United States, that contains activity that may be hazardous to nonparticipating aircraft. The purpose of such warning area is to warn nonparticipating pilots of the potential danger. A warning area may be located over domestic or international waters or both. TERMINAL RADAR SERVICE AREA (TRSA) Airspace surrounding designated airports wherein ATC provides radar vectoring, sequencing, and separation on a full-time basis for all IFR and participating VFR aircraft. Service provided at a TRSA is called Stage III Service. TRSA's are depicted on VFR aeronautical charts. Pilot participation is urged but is not mandatory. 8 C! A$ `/ ^% \ / N0 {( i. M& d4 r TURBOJET AIRCRAFT 8 G- t( ~# @1 y% Y o9 P* C" }6 } An aircraft having a jet engine in which the energy of the jet operates a turbine which in turn operates the air compressor. " J6 c+ Z6 M! r5 R * g6 D" F& _! k9 Q$ R( p $ u3 W& m/ k! W4 z' {# xTURBOPROP AIRCRAFT An aircraft having a jet engine in which the energy of the jet operates a turbine which drives the propeller. ' q0 g) j. `* R" G& V0 n) c1 l: C# w+ R 3 q8 I+ B. u1 j. hULTRALIGHT VEHICLE An aeronautical vehicle operated for sport or recreational purposes which does not require FAA registration, an airworthiness certificate, nor pilot certification. They are primarily single occupant vehicles, although some two place vehicles are authorized for training purposes. Operation of an ultralight vehicle in certain airspace requires authorization from ATC. " q$ i& ^3 |; m8 O; |+ t4 ^: W, kVEHICLE/PEDESTRIAN DEVIATION (VPD) 4 e3 u( x9 k- HAn entry or movement on an airport movement area by a vehicle operator or pedestrian that has not been authorized by air traffic control (includes aircraft operated by a non- pilot). 2 O, A2 J; G0 J* I VISUAL FLIGHT RULE (VFR) / ? i+ g2 T9 k6 b7 H; s+ I Rules that govern the procedures for conducting flight under visual conditions (VMC). The term is also used in the United States to indicate weather conditions that are equal to or greater than minimum VFR requirements. In addition, it is used by pilots and controllers to indicate a type of flight plan. VISUAL METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS (VMC) % \( _6 Q8 N9 |& V+ m+ RMeteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from clouds, and ceiling equal to or better than specified minima. VOR A ground-based electronic navigation aid transmitting very high frequency navigation signals, 360 degrees in azimuth, oriented from magnetic north. Used as the basis for navigation in the National Airspace System. The VOR periodically identifies itself by Morse Code and may have an additional voice identification feature. Voice features may be used by ATC or FSS for transmitting instructions/information to pilots. 9 u( ?& X4 g0 U7 I" @' f- M A AC - Advisory circular. A/C - Airconditioning Unit ACARS - Airline communications and reporting system. AD - Airworthiness Dirctive. Maintenance or modification ordered by FAA. ADC - Air Data Computer ADF - Automatic Direction Finder ADI - Attitude direction indicator ADS - Automatic dependent surveillance. AES - Aircraft Earth station. AFCS - Automatic flight control system. AFD - Adaptive flight displays. AFDS - Autopilot flight director system. AFIS - Automated flight information system (AlliedSignal) AHRS - Attitude-heading reference system. AI - Altitude indicator aileron - A small hinged portion of an airplane's wing, used to make an airplane roll, or turn around its long axis. air data - Values cmputed from pitot, static and temperature measurements, usually by means of a digital computer; ARINC 575 defines outputs. airfoil - A surface, such as an airplane wing, shaped to produce more lift than resistance when driven through the air. All-weather fighter - A radar-equipped jet fighter airplane which can operate at night or in the worst weather. All-weather interceptor - A radar-equipped jet fighter airplane which can operate at night or in the worst weather. AM - Amplitude modulation. AME - Aviation Medical Examiner (U.S.) AMLCD - Active-matrix liquid crystal display. Annual - Mandatory inspection of airframe and powerpland that occurs every 12 months. AOA - Angel-of-attack AP - Auto Pilot APR - Auxiliary Power Reserve APU - Auxiliary power unit ARINC - Aeronautical Radio, Inc. A nonprofit corporation owned by member airlines to define form, fit and function of avionics equipment and to provide radio communication services. ARINC 419 - Digital information transfer characteristics as applied in ARINC 500-series equipment specifications. ARINC 547 - Digital specification for ILS reference sensors. ARINC 561 - Inertial navigation system specifications. ARINC 568 - Inertial sensor DME reference specification. ARINC 571 - Inertial sensor attitude-heading reference system specifications. ARINC 575 - Digital air-data system specifications. ARINC 700-series - All-digital equipment specifications for new-generation transport category aircraft. ARINC 743 - All-digital specificaitons for FANS-1 compatibilty. ASA - Autoland status annunciator. ASCB - Avionics standard communication bus (Honeywell) A/T - Auto throttle. ATC - Air Traffic Control. The people in control towers (at airports that have them) to regulate takeoffs, landings, and planes moving through their general area. ATI and ATR - ARINC from factors. ATM - Air traffic management. ATP - Airline Transport Pilot (the "highest" grade of pilot certificate) Audio Panel - Electronic device used to switch between radios. Autogyro - An aircraft equipped with a rotating wing, or rotor, to sustain itself in the air, and a propeller to move forward. AUX Fuel - Auxiliary fuel tanks. AWACS - Airborne Warning And Control System. An electronically very souped-up Boeing 707. [Pronounced ``AY-wax.''] 3 Z3 x- F, x7 e5 D8 JB Barnstormer - A pilot who, in the early years of aviation, gave airplane rides to people and performed aerobatics for a fee. Basic Operating Weight (BOW) Empty weight typically equipped + unusable fuel and trapped liquids + 2 pilots (400 lbs.) + supplies. BCD - Binary coded decimal. Beam width - The included angel of a weather radar interrogation signal. Bendix - Avionics mfgr. BITE - Built-in test equipment. Bleed Air - High pressure air ducted from engine to pressurize cabin and other uses. Boeing -``The Boeing Company, with headquarters in Seattle, Washington, U.S., is the world's leading manufacturer of commercial airplanes and one of the nation's largest exporters. The company is a major U.S. government contractor, with capabilities in space systems, helicopters, military airplanes, missile systems, information and electronic systems and software products.'' Boots - Inflatable device on leading edge of wings and tail. Used to remove ice. Bracing wire - A solid steel wire used to support the structure of an airplane's wings or fuselage. BRG - Bearing. BSU - Beam steering unit. C CAB - Civilian Aviation Board. Cabin pressurization - A mechanism used to maintain air pressure in an airplane's sealed cabin at a level suitable for passengers. Canard - An airplane designed to have its normal horizontal tail surface on the front rather than the rear of its fuselage. Caster - To swivel or rotate slightly. Category I (CAT I) - An ILS facility providing operation down to a 200 foot decision height and an RVR of not less than 2,400 feet. Category II (CAT II) - An ILS facility providing operation down to a 100-foot decision height and an RVR of not less than 1,200 feet. Category IIIa (CAT IIIa) - An ILS facility providing operation with no decision height to and along the surface of the runway with external visual reference during the final phase of landing and with an RVR of not less than 7000 feet. Category IIIb (CAT IIIb) - An ILS facility providing operation with no decision height limit to and along the surface of the runway without reliance on external visual reference and, subsequently, taxiing with an external RVR of not less than 150 feet. Category IIIc (CAT IIIc) - An ILS facility providing operation with no decision height limit to and alsont the surface of the runway and taxiways without reliance on external visual reference. CAVU - Ceiling And Visibility Unlimited. Perfect flying weather -- no major clouds, no major haze. CD-ROM - Compact disc read-only memory. CDU - Control-display unit. Centre-pod configuration - A type of airplane whose fairly short fuselage is not connected to the tail surfaces. CESC - Cescom Maintenance Program. CFI - Certified Flight Instructor. (see also certificate suffixes) CMOS - Complementary metal oxide semiconductor. CMU - Communications management unit. CNS - Communications, navigation and surveillance. Coherent detection - A technique used in certain ADF receivers to improve useful range. Collins - Avionics mfgr. COM - Communications. Comosite video - Analog VOR receiver output before processing. CONT - Teledyne-Continental (engine mfgr.) Contact digitizer - A mechanical device that converts analog information to digital codes by means of electrical contacts. Cowling - A removable metal covering placed over and around an airplane's engine(s). C/R - Counter-rotating propellers. Cross-over exhaust - A mechanism through which the exhaust from one side of an inline engine is carried to the other. CRT - Cathode ray tube. CSDB - Commercial standard data bus. CVR - Cockpic Voice Recorder. Device that records crew conversations. Used in accident investigations. CW - Continuous wave. A radio carrier broadcast that does not have modulation. Cycles - Pertaining to turbine engines. Cycle begins with starting, continues through full-power, and ends with shutdown. : Q- d1 x3 h( X6 O: D- QD DA - Drift angle. DADC - Digital air-data computer. dB - Decibel. DG - Directional gyro. DGPS - Differential global positioning system. LA- prefix refers to local area DGPS; WA- prefix refers to wide-area DGPS signal retransmission schemes. Digitizer - Any electronic device capable of converting information to a digital format; usually refers to encoding devices that convert sensed altitude into a transponder code. DME - Distance Measuring Equipment. DP - Deal Pending. DR - Ded (deduced) reckoning. drms - Distance root mean squared. DTK - Desired track. DTU - Data transfer unit. Duplex - Separate channels for transmitting and receiving. z' W$ Q# Y: Y5 G, D " Z2 B/ o4 C( S' n! FE EAROM - Electrically alterable read-only memory, a type of digital memory device. EEPROM - Electrically erasable programmable read-only-memory. EEVIP - Early Extended Validation Integration Program. An FAA program, first implemented for the Boeing 777, to give ``out-of-the-box'' ETOPS clearance to a new plane, rather than waiting for a couple of years of domestic service experience. EFIS - Electronic Flight Instrument System EGT - Exhaust gas temperature indicator. EICAS - Engine indicating and crew alerting system. Elevator - A small control surface hinged to the rear of the horizontal stabilizer and used to tilt an airplane up or down. encal - Encoding Altimeter Encoder - Displays aircraft's altitiude on ground-based radar screens. Engine cowl - A removable metal covering placed over and around an airplane's engine. EROS - Brand Name for Oxygen Mask ETOPS - Extended Twin-engine operations. FAA designation of over-ocean flights far from possible emergency landing strips, in which the possibility of engine failure in a twin-engine plane represents a heightened risk. ETOPS certification is not normally given to a new passenger aircraft until it has been in regular domestic service for at least a year. 5 _6 a: R$ N/ D ~$ a u, dF FAA - Federal Aviation Administration. FADEC - Full authority digital engine control. Fairing - A section of aircraft surface, or an attached structure, designed to reduce drag. For example, the contoured sheet metal where wing meets fuselage. FAR - Federal Aviation Regulations (U.S.) FAR 36 Noise Levels - In order to meet FAR 36 Stage 3 requirements, the maximum noise level permitted is: *Take Off 89.0 EPNdB *Sideline 94.0 *Approach 98.0 FDE - Fault detection and exclusion (GPS) FDR - Flight Data Recorder FDS - Flight Director System FFON - Flight Phone Flare - The point where an airplane floats above the runway just before touchdown. Flight Data Recorder - Electronic device that records aircraft maneuvers. Used in accident investigations. Flight Phone - Air-to-ground telephone system. FM - Frequency modulation. FMCS - Flight management computer system. FMS - Flight Management System FOG - Fiber-optic gyro. Forward elevator - A control surface used to tilt an airplane up or down and mounted on the front rather than the rear of an airplane. Full De-ice - Complete anti - and/or de-ice equipment installed on wings, tail, props, and windsheild. Full Panel - All gyros necessary for instrument flight. G Galley - On-board meal service equipment. Gas discharge - A type of luminescent digital display. GCR - Ground clutter rejection. GE - General Electric. They make aircraft engines. GLU - GNSS landing unit. Provides precision GPS guidance to the runway in Category III operations. GNSS - Global navigation satellite system. Gold Crown - Trade name owned by King Radio Corp. GPADIRS - Global positioning, air data, inertial reference system. GPS - Global positioning system. GPWs - Ground Proximity Warning System Ground Air - A/C unit to cool aircraft while on the ground. GS - Groundspeed. G/S - Glide slope reciver and indicator. GTWO - Gross Take off Weight 1 f5 H$ s$ z7 s4 G3 W8 _H HF - High Frequency radio equipment. HF COM - High Frequency Communication. HIRF - High intensity radiated field. HP - Horsepower. HPA - High-power amplifier. HUD - Head-up display. Hz or Hertz - Cycles per second, used to describe radio frequencies; usually with the prefix k for kilo (one thousand), M for mega (one million) or G for giga (one billion). I IAC - Integrated avionics computer. Central processor of a Honeywell integrated cockpit system. IAPS - Integrated avionics processing system. Central processor of a colins integrated cockpit system. IFR - Instrument Flight Rules. An Instrument Rating is further training after a Pilot's license to allow pilots to fly in bad weather. The pilot has been trained to not merely fly by instruments alone, but also to understand the Air Traffic Control system, because an IFR flight is continuously monitored by ATC, radar, flight following, and a dozen other agencies. ILS - Instrument Landing System. In-line engine - An engine in which the cylinders are mounted in a straight line or else in two, connected at an angle. INS - Inertial Naviagation System INT - Interior. ITC - Investment tax credit. ITU - International Telephone Union, refers to certain HF channels. IVSI - Instantaneous vertical speed indicator. " ^6 B2 S, B# G5 ^$ I4 {' k* l ( M" L7 \1 [1 v- JJ Jet Prop - Describes aircraft using turbine engines to drive propellers. K King - King Radio Corp. (Avionics mfgr.) Known Icing - FAA certified for flight into icing conditions. / G# T2 V. j4 f L Laser IRS - An inertial reference system deriving angular rate information by measuring Doppler shift between two contra-rotating light beams. Lateral control - The ability to make an airplane roll, or turn around its long axis, according to its pilot's wishes. L-band - A radio frequency between 890 and 1550 MHz. LCD or LC - Liquid-crystal display. Leading and trailing edges- The foremost and rearmost edges of a wing. LED - Light-emitting diode. LMB - Light marker beacon. LNAV - Lateral navigation guidance. LOC - Localizer receiver and indicator. Looks per minute - Scanning or sweep rate of a wather radar antenna. LOP - Line of position. Loran-C - Hyperbolic grid navigation system based upon measured time differences (TD) from pulse transmissions. LRT - Long range fuel tanks. LRU - Line replaceable unit. LYC - Avco-Lycoming (Engine mfgr.) - Z5 R# Y7 q; pM Maximum Payload = Maximum Zero Fuel Weight - (minus) Basic Operating Weight MCU- Minimum configuration unit. MDAU - Maintenance data acquisition unit. MDH - Major damage history. MFD - Multifunction display. The third or fifth tube in an EFIS, it replaces the weather radar screen and displays radar data, navigation maps, checklists and other information. Microline - Trade name owned by Collins. MNPS - Minimum navigational performance specificaitons. MLS - Microwave Landing System Mode- A - A transponder which does not give the controllers altitude information Mode-C - A transponder and encoding altimeter which together give air traffic controllers altitude information Mode-S - A transponder which features unique identification per unit, the potential for low-speed up and down datalinks, and "selective interrogation" triggered by ground facilities MOH - Major overhaul. MOPS - Minimum operational performance standard (RTCA) MSP - Maintanance Servie Program. (Garret engine) . W8 d S1 @ R: x" v. k 2 ~# f( @) \+ m. A/ \' b! H) R1 rN NARA - NARA is a professional trade association of 54 reputable business companies organized to promote the growth and public understanding of the aircraft resale industry. Its members abide by a 12-point Code of Ethics that provides standards of business conduct regarding aircraft transactions. NAT - North Atlantic Tracks. Nautical Mile - Measurment of distance. Equals 1.15 statute miles. NAV - Navigation Receivers NAV/COM - Navigation and communication radios combined in a single unit. NBAA IFR Fuel Reserves = Fuel for go-around at destination airport + climb to 500 ft. and hold for 5 minutes + fly to and land at alternate airport 200 NMi. away + fuel to hold at 5000 ft. for 30 minutes. NDB - Non-Directional Beacon - an older type of electronic navigation aid, basically a low-power AM radio station NMS - Navigation management system. NMU - Navigation management unit. NTSB - National Transportation Safety Board. Investigates airplane accidents. Plays at most an advisory role in flightworthiness accreditation. NVM - Nonvolatile memory. Digital memory that retains information through system shutdown. 4 K$ V b8 O l# n. h; ? O OAT - Outside Air Temperature. OBS - Omnibearing Selector - part of a VOR receiver system, which allows the pilot to select a course to or from a VOR station OFUELWT - Zero Fuel Weight. OH - Overhaul. Omega - A very-low-frequency navigation system. Opitcal digitizer - Any device using a photosensor that can convert analog informatin to digital code. OXY - Oxygen system for passengers and crew. ( |: u, i5 o3 X$ W7 Y8 |P Payload with Full Fuel = Useful Load - (minus) Usable Fuel PBH - Power by the Hour. (Rolls Royce engines) PC - Positive Control. (Trade name for Mooney Aircrft wing leveler) PAR - Precision Approach Radar - a ground-radar based instrument approach which provides both horizontal and vertical guidance Peak power output - The maximum transitter power output measured over a short time; usually used to rate pulse transmissions. PEP - Peak envelope power. A standard electronic rating of any AC source, including a radio transmitter. PNT - Paint port - Nautical usage adopted in aviation. The left side, as determined by an observer in the vehicle, when vehicle and observer are right side up, and observer is looking ``forward'' (in the normal direction of travel of the vessel or vehicle). PSI - Pounds per square inch. PTT - Push-to-talk (switch) Pulse - A transmission of very brief duration used to carry information by using time measurement or as a series of pulses representing code. PVT - Private (pilot certificate) (see also certificate suffixes) PW - Pratt & Whitney, the world's leading designer, developer and manufacturer of gas turbine engines for commercial, military and general aviation aircraft.'' Q Z; G. [! Y E: Q) s1 @; k0 Q5 q R RA - (1) Radio altitiude; (2) Resolution advisory (TCAS) radal - Radio Altimeter Radar - On-board weather radar. Radar Altimeter - Device that senses aircraft's height above the terrain. Different from normal (barometric) altimeter. Radome - A detachable nose cone made of plastic-type material, used to cover and protect an airplane's radar antenna. RAIM - Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (GPS) RAM - Random access memory. Ramjet - A type of jet engine with very few moving parts which consists of a specially shaped tube open at both ends. Rate of roll - A measure of the speed with which an airplane can turn around its long axis, or roll. RCA - Avionics mfgr. RCU - Radio control unit. Reversers - System for braking aircraft during landing roll. RFU - Radio frequency unit. RG - Retractable landing gear. RMI - radio magnetic indicator - an ADF-like display with a pair of pointers which might be attached to either VOR or ADF receivers RNAV - Area navigation device. RNP - Required navigation performance. ROM - Read-only memory. RR - Rolls Royce makes engines for a variety of aircraft, including the Boeing 777 and Airbus 330. RT - Receiver-transmitter combined in a singel line-replacable unit. RTCA, Inc. - An association of U.S. governmental and industry aeronautical organizations dedicated to advancing aeronautics through consensus and recommendations. Runway XX - Runways are numbered after magnetic compass points, minus the 1's column (where North is 0, and 360, degrees). RVSM - Reduced Vertical Seperatation Minimum - }/ I4 j, Q R- v- i % {' b. h# ` D& b" w4 MS SAR - Search and rescue. Satcom - Satellite communications system. SDU - Satellite data unit. SELCAL - Selective Calling system (used primarily with HF) Service ceiling - The altitude above sea level beyond which an airplane can no longer climb more than 30 m(100 ft) per minute. SHP - Shaft horsepower. (refers to turbine engines.) Silver Crown - Trade name owned by King Radio. Simplex - Single frequency for both transmitting and recieving in communications; generally implies a push-to-talk function and verbal procedures. Slaved compass - North-seeking gyro-stabilized compass system. Technically superior to DG. slip - A way to lose altitude in a hurry (on purpose), or slide into a final approach during a heavy wind. The technique is to put nearly full rudder in one direction, and then bank in the opposite. This keeps the plane almost level, except pointing to one side. SMOH - Since major overhaul. SMPI - Time Since Major Periodic Inspection SN - Serial Number. Spar - A principal section of the wing structure of an airplane, going from tip to tip. Sperry - Avionics mfgr. SPOH - Since prop overhaul. Squawk - A 4-digit (actually 4-octal-digit -> 12-bit) number which is set into a transponder by the pilot to identify the aircraft to air traffic controllers Squitter - The transmission of a specified reply format at a minimum rate without the need to be interrogated (transponders) SSB - Single sideband. A highly efficient form of radio transmission wherein information is carried on a sideband instead of the center carrier in order to gain range performance; usually used in HF communication transceivers. SSCVR - Solid state cockpit voice recorder. stall - The point at which wings fail to generate enough lift to keep the plane stable. starboard - Nautical usage adopted in aviation. The right side, as determined by an observer in the vehicle, when vehicle and observer are right side up, and observer is looking ``forward'' (in the normal direction of travel of the vessel or vehicle). STC - (1) Supplemental Type Certificate. (2) Sensitivity-time compensation. In weather radar, a technique and circuit for calibrating a display. STOL - Short takeoff and landing ability. sumps - Points underneath each fuel tank to test for contamination like water or other debris. Supercharged - Method for increasing engine power. Synchro - Any device capable of converting mechanical position into an analog electronic signal. Synthesizer - Frequency synthesizer, an electronic circuit capable of generating multiple frequencies from a single crystal oscillator. Swept-wing - A wing in which both the leading and trailing edges are slanted backward, to reduce air resistance at high speed. synch - Engine Fan Synchronizer , @: C+ c2 T+ z9 i" ~& Q a T TA - Traffic advisory (TCAS) TBO - Time between overhaul TCAS - Traffic Collison Avoidance System. TCAS-I provides warnings (TAs) of other nearby aircraft; TCAS II provides warnings and resolutions advisories (RAs), and coordinates RAs with other TCAS II equipped aircraft via Mode S transponder. TKE - Track error. T/Rs - Thrust Reversers Trend Monitoring - Continuous computerized observation of turbine engine performance. Used to detect early sings of wear. TSC - Total Time Since CORE TSN - Time Since New (also TTSN) TSO - Technical standard order. A performance specification and production compliance criteria applied to avionics and defined by FARs and the RTCA. TT - Total Time Airframe TTG, TTS or TTW - Time to go, time to station, time to waypoint. Turbo prop - Is said of an airplane powered by a type of jet engine, the turbo prop, equipped with a turbine-driven propeller. Turbulence mode - Flight control system mode in which a "softer" response to gust upsets is programmed. TX - Transponder 2 U( y$ N3 ]5 H1 H6 x ( n( x6 E+ Z1 x0 W# A) ZU Undercarriage strut - A part of an airplane's structure, designed to resist distortion, which supports the landing gear. Usable Fuel (lbs) = Usable fuel (gallons) x 6.7 lbs/gallon Useful Load = Maximum Ramp Weight - (minus) Basic Operating Weight UTC - Universal Coordinated Time. 5 c+ W. M, W+ u, p. h 5 X8 n; t; B) R! b! d* ]- `7 FV VAC - Volts alternating current. VDC - Volts direct current. VFR - Visual Flight Rules. Private Pilots start as VFR certified. This means that, in most cases,they must have about 3 miles of visibility, be 500 feet below clouds, 1000 feet above clouds, and/or 2000 feet next to clouds at a bare minimum. Unless they have an Instrument Rating (and all the associated control along with that...see IFR), they are required to avoid all clouds and weather. VHF - Very High Frequency radio equipment. VLF - Very Low Frequency VNAV - Vertical navigation, or the capability to compute pitch-axis maneuvers and altitude-related points in space. VOR - VHF Omnidirectional Receiver. One of the more common navigational aids that the FAA has dropped all over the country (and sometimes the world). A VOR sends out a radio signal that is slightly different in each direction (the difference is phase, if you want to get technical). So, an airplane's VOR tool listens to the VOR, and by measuring the difference in the radio, it can tell which direction it is from the VOR. Since your chart will show where the VOR is, and you now know where you are in relation to the VOR, it has helped you figure out where in the local area you might happen to be. 8 I( d$ @3 ?5 M W WAAS - GNSS wide-area augmentation system. wet wings - Method for containing fuel in wings without using rubber fuel cells. wing fence - Term preferred by Airbus and McDonnell-Douglas aircraft manufacturers for the vertical structures at the outside ends of the wings of some of their jets. More at winglet. winglet - Term preferred by Boeing for the vertical structures at the ends of the wings on their 747-400. Airbus and McDonnell-Douglas aircraft manufacturers use the term ``wing fence.'' The 747-400 winglets only rise from the end of the wing. MD-11 and Airbus wing fences extend both above and below the wing. WPT - Waypoint. ! l) }. x* I: H# l X xpond - Transponder X-band - Frequency range in which most general aviation weather radars operate. XTK - Cross track; cross track error. 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有飞行术语2吗？