航空 发表于 2010-10-15 03:54:22

RMIT飞行训练课件-Spinning Mass Brief

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航空 发表于 2010-10-15 03:54:42

Spinning Mass Brief<BR>Aim<BR>• To understand the aerodynamic principles<BR>and considerations of spinning (A<BR>condition of stalled flight)<BR>• Know how spins develop, and how to<BR>recover from a fully developed spin.<BR>Application<BR>• Used in aerobatics<BR>• Accidental stall with incorrect recovery<BR>technique<BR>Overview<BR>• Revision<BR>• Definitions<BR>• Principles<BR>– Spin<BR>• Considerations<BR>– Types of spins<BR>– C.G.<BR>– Autorotation<BR>– Types of spins<BR>– C.G.<BR>– Autorotation<BR>– Spin vs Spiral<BR>dive<BR>• Air Exercise<BR>• Airmanship<BR>• Review<BR>Revision<BR>CL<BR>CL<BR>CL<BR>CL<BR>L<BR>L<BR>L L<BR>W W W W<BR>110kt<BR>4o<BR>70kt<BR>8o<BR>44kt<BR>16o<BR>&lt;44kt<BR>&gt;16o<BR>IAS<BR>AoA<BR>Revision<BR>Usual Symptoms Close to the stall<BR>1. High nose attitude<BR>2. Low IAS<BR>3. Reduced effectiveness of controls<BR>4. Stall Warning<BR>5. Control Buffet<BR>Symptoms of a stall<BR>1. Loss of height<BR>2. Nose Pitch Down<BR>Definitions<BR>• A spin<BR>– A condition of stalled flight<BR>where the aircraft loses height<BR>rapidly in a spiral descent.<BR>– Occurs due to a stall in which<BR>one wing stalls before the<BR>other (wing drop), and this<BR>wing drop is not corrected.<BR>Principles<BR>• Occurs at low airspeeds<BR>Considerations<BR>• Two types of spin:<BR>Flat spin<BR>– High nose attitude<BR>– Increased drag<BR>– Relatively low rate of rotation<BR>– Relatively low rate of descent<BR>Considerations<BR>Steep spin<BR>– Low nose attitude<BR>– Higher rate of rotation<BR>– Higher rate of descent<BR>Considerations<BR>• Centre of gravity<BR>– Forward C.G. causes a nose<BR>down tendency, giving a<BR>steeper spin<BR>– Rearward C.G. causes a<BR>nose pitch up tendency,<BR>giving a flatter spin, harder to<BR>recover<BR>Considerations<BR>• Autorotation<BR>– Occurs in the initial stages of the stall<BR>Two main features:<BR>1. Auto roll<BR>The more deeply the dropping wing stalls, the more<BR>the aircraft wants to roll into the direction of the spin.<BR>2. Auto yaw<BR>The dropping wing will generate more drag, yawing<BR>the aircraft into the spin.<BR>Considerations<BR>• Spin Vs. Spiral Dive<BR>Spin Spiral Dive<BR>– Low IAS (Stalled) – High and increasing<BR>IAS (Not Stalled)<BR>– High rate of rotation – Lower rate of rotation<BR>– Low noise level – High noise level<BR>– Possible buffet<BR>Air Exercise<BR>• Pre Entry<BR>– Lookout<BR>– Pick reference point<BR>– Manoeuvre checks:<BR>– H<BR>– H<BR>– E<BR>– L<BR>– L<BR>– L<BR>eight sufficient to recover by 3000ft AGL!<BR>atches/Harnesses secure<BR>ngine Temperature &amp; Pressures<BR>ocation – not above a populated area<BR>oose articles secure<BR>ookout (360 degree turn)<BR>Air Exercise<BR>• Entry<BR>– Reduce power to idle, keep straight with rudder,<BR>maintain height with backpressure<BR>– When stall occurs, apply full rudder in desired<BR>direction and aft control column.<BR>• During<BR>– Count three rotations<BR>• Recovery<BR>– Apply full opposite rudder to stop rotation<BR>– Ease control column forward to unstall the wings<BR>– Level wings and ease out of dive<BR>– As nose passes horizon, climb away.<BR>Airmanship<BR>• Lookout<BR>• Pre-manoeuvre checks<BR>• Do not use aileron to pick up wing drop<BR>• Speed and manoeuvre limitations not to be<BR>exceeded<BR>• Smooth coordinated use of controls<BR>• Correct handover/ takeover procedure<BR>• UNINTENTIONAL STALL OR SPIN SHOULD<BR>NEVER OCCUR!<BR>Review<BR>• Spin – what is it, how do we get into one?<BR>• What are the two types of spin?<BR>– Flat Spin<BR>– Steep Spin<BR>• What are the differences between them<BR>• What happens to the spin if:<BR>– C.G. moves forward<BR>– C.G. moves rearward<BR>• What makes up autorotation?<BR>– Auto-roll<BR>– Auto-yaw<BR>• What is the difference between a spin and a<BR>spiral dive?<BR>• How do we recover from a spin?

猪也能飞 发表于 2013-10-28 19:05:28

感谢楼主万分感谢感谢万分
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