1. Common Structure Defects 结构缺陷 (1)凹坑dent
' I8 x9 N& M4 K9 |n.凹, 凹痕, (齿轮的)齿, 弱点v.使凹下, 凹进, 削弱 (2)凹槽notch4 }: d9 e& `* m- G* Q8 B+ s0 ^
n. 槽口, 凹口vt.刻凹痕, , 开槽, 切口 (3)变形deform
* J$ z+ M2 |+ @0 O4 Vv.(使)变形 (4)划痕
- z+ x8 _% `1 m' G& S3 C+ Z4 Knick & a) |2 _ t& @3 G5 f
n.刻痕, 缺口vt.刻痕于 (5)点腐蚀pitting 蚀损斑, 氢气泡疤 (6)断裂broken
1 o/ y' I7 q) v' eadj.坏掉的, 患病的, 被制服的, 断掉的 (7)腐蚀
! }! t* y! _+ N/ L) t, C9 Z" ]! scorrode$ g# c* \9 o9 c; q
v.使腐蚀, 侵蚀 (8)划伤, k/ K; i. }/ p3 _2 a, N3 M) u y+ }
scratch 5 {& P. @! G# M' E. R: e. J
n. 抓痕, 擦伤vt.乱涂, 勾抹掉, 擦, 刮, 搔, 抓 (9)裂纹4 T& c1 V u' \8 S
crack
* C( t' L! v1 s0 `5 O" O6 in.裂缝, 噼啪声v.(使)破裂, 裂纹 (10)毛刺butt2 F: l( X, r4 b% p% x `
n.粗大的一端, 靶垛v.以头抵撞, 碰撞 (11)磨损chafe' w. M' f3 L; B0 R
v.(将皮肤等)擦热, 擦破, 使恼火 (12)凸起protrude v.突出,凸起 (13)凹陷sag
5 d' r% G5 F1 O: A6 c4 \v.松弛, 下陷, 下垂,漂流n.下垂, 下陷, (14)粗糙rough- r+ k2 G3 q; {+ W/ k0 ~3 @1 _
adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的,粗暴的, 粗略叙述的 (15)漆层剥落finish missing
# T4 K1 q: q, O1 |4 A/ Afinish是指最后一道漆层。 (16)褪色fade+ w' W% u* F9 c# r) M
vi.声音减弱,褪色, 消失, vt.使褪色n.淡入, 淡出 (17)积水
- G1 w! l: y- v( ]entrapped water 2.材料缺陷
5 k5 ?9 S. Q, F5 m1)metallic defect: 金属材料缺陷 (18)氧化
p7 r) I* H( U# M3 zoxidize/ T7 C6 A" ^/ J" v7 x: H$ I
v.(使)氧化
% E1 d5 q8 X" ?$ ?(19)划伤
6 \8 \8 X. T0 v; P1 K+ J8 T8 b) L$ ^- xscratch! ]) H1 C2 a/ E; G0 h% ?+ Y
如1.8 5 r5 w6 w! n% }8 Z9 b) p v
(20)扭曲+ R1 y. z( Y4 j t
distort+ e$ I3 ?. L: Q1 A! E `
vt.弄歪(嘴脸等), 扭曲, 歪曲真理、误报 7 ^ q! Y3 j! `8 b4 c
(21)跷起9 ^: s( z: J' a( h
not in contour(轮廓) . F2 e+ ]9 f, d9 f" U7 L
(22)穿孔3 Q0 A& z5 L: b( h
puncture n.小孔v.刺破 ; P3 v% n9 F6 D. N
(23)碎屑5 L" u" ]3 f* ~
chip 碎屑,芯片
" C) Z4 l! p# ](24)腐蚀$ }: `. ~) b! b- m: _4 l' V6 x5 C
corrode 如7
+ {+ o6 i% F8 v* s, r& m4 Q(25)磨损
% r5 E# ]+ P% v$ w$ c) Z- T7 V) ?chafe
}' t) l! k) u% Y: a: z) J" ^如11 (26)变形* t$ y0 d! o$ m, K0 D3 K
deform
6 f& d' @0 [8 e; j6 `2 w& Ov.(使)变形 (27)风蚀/风化, C) L9 F, o9 z0 P
erode vt.侵蚀, 腐蚀vi.受腐蚀, 逐渐消蚀掉 (28)裂纹7 R; v# O' b6 m( N' f+ S9 s- F3 w: t
crack
9 Z g9 _6 E6 ]+ H6 |% I如9
1 R6 Z- \$ V' ~* s* x2)非金属材料缺陷: $ @" z! y$ t5 W$ Q/ j5 V% G
(29)发霉
# y: u+ ~6 Q$ o" r5 a: L3 nmildewn. vi.发霉, 生霉vt.使发霉 (30)分层
( u7 h2 a( R c: Z% ]delaminate v.将...分层, 分成细层 (31)风蚀/风化
7 h$ ?7 B" T4 E3 ?: l3 f9 j4 X/ Herode
9 J2 U+ A$ s( f. J$ s1 a6 w如27 (32)裂纹9 m( b/ G5 z9 x; S5 y2 M
crack+ t0 G$ u6 d/ s7 i
如9 (33)老化* m) y2 \- D G' Z% w
deteriorate6 P) g( a8 T5 [3 c
v.(使)恶化 (34)起皱
" C9 r+ F+ b% ?" q6 R8 pwrinkle) i5 _+ q a3 T+ U+ t# m
n.皱纹v.使皱 (35)受潮! L1 o' J1 v3 m9 q+ c8 a
saturated adj.渗透的, 饱和的, 深颜色的 (36)撕裂( A# G' K% W* w0 M& u
tear
# W9 \" V- \7 j0 l6 X( \2 [$ D过去式tore* O8 R3 z4 ?0 a6 M8 J
过去分词6 s5 i( x- w B- j j# h' G9 x
torn (37)穿孔
" A( s6 R2 }/ _9 H7 ?3 gpuncture
7 e# M! G& J: u+ S5 N4 x! J6 l如22 (38)变色4 K% m3 y t7 H3 t: ^
fade vi.声音减弱, 褪色, 消失vt.使褪色 (39)陈旧! d0 N6 N3 m3 s5 I! Y7 s
worn adj.用旧的, 疲倦的vbl. wear的过去分词 (40)脱胶
) H6 e+ G' v7 V( \; Z" anot adhered & Y7 h Y8 U' O6 m$ I% s. q- U+ i
* c( t$ f" E( L" ~0 p
adhere vi.粘附, 胶着, 坚持v.坚持 3.7 O4 r2 L7 g! c5 R+ C3 L
设备及零部件缺陷 1) Plumbing defect% s6 h& `0 f) A, n1 n; D7 T
管路缺陷 (41)凹坑) `: U' Y' M) T6 q4 Z# H
dent
$ |# `: `" x: N9 V0 W& w如1 (42)爆裂
0 A R+ t9 h7 g5 Zburst (43)擦伤
0 k' @! R& I9 e# \( Lchafe
5 A# H7 d5 Z1 J _( t- C如11 (44)滑丝
9 x$ h! A! Z5 q" z
! A# b. h z5 K; _cross thread或thread damaged (45)扭曲) L: F1 |. s5 D& U. W( ^
twist (46)渗漏
M0 C7 J- K$ v) Fleak
. K0 X. j' U9 A( [0 }/ I名词 leakage (47)堵塞6 `- k4 T0 g# f: G' X$ E7 d+ Y8 b' N
obstruct v.阻隔, 阻塞, 遮断n.阻碍物, 障碍物 2) Wiring defect 线路缺陷 (48)腐蚀
4 e, x# Z; |' G+ @. U/ R8 Wcorrode6 P" j7 H; }; M
如7 (49)磨损
9 ]) w _. o/ d( h. Q5 R9 ?chafe
8 I- ^4 X' |( o. ]如11 (50)相碰
( U7 y6 u9 L0 Q6 g( j; }contact (51)断丝$ E! _: X2 _2 @0 s. _
fray n.冲突, (织物等)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (52)熔断
" y0 r! Y8 u U1 ofused $ b1 w# O" l9 O0 n
adj.装有保险丝的。熔融的。 (53)弯曲1 \; d) U3 ? ~# ]* k
bend
( d+ P/ {) A# H, W' ~过去分词、被动语态 bent 3) Mechanical linkage defect
/ W+ V/ o# z% p, L; P传动机构缺陷(包括保险丝) (54)断丝
' @$ l/ o, g# w9 bfray n.冲突, (织物)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (55)松弛5 p4 ~4 ^2 m# u
slack adj.松弛的vt.使松弛,使减慢vi.松驰 (56)扭结7 R( u: ?- g: x
twist (57)磨损
+ d% K8 @4 G$ Xchafe
, g7 u7 N( W6 N: [# @/ s& @( W) I如11 (58)脱开1 X5 `/ q& q! v$ B% o* t
disconnect 4) Fastener defect! @7 j' V. m4 x6 p M& d
紧固件缺陷 ) N( S5 W0 a% k& ?7 ~4 ~/ w
(59); P* e8 \0 ?; o9 s
丢失
' H c4 ^& \* V Z3 {2 z6 l8 l# ]. Cmissing
v& Y1 k- l' g" H0 f( E(60)
3 j. l! _& J0 g! e' J松动/松脱
@" n6 g9 T4 j* m$ W" N2 eloose # c$ U) G/ a; `$ y5 u' z2 V
(61)
4 @7 u4 A, [; S0 A/ m) z6 K) M0 r腐蚀
0 _9 B+ F l6 U% d+ Gcorrode
% y9 L9 M: E: W0 @如7
/ k \8 F' P" A0 m: H- Y(62)
2 Y: N# Y5 U4 y4 D2 @6 A+ u6 B2 r3 ^% N磨损
" M- ]+ W4 K3 X+ |! Wchafe
0 D3 t, T. k* w" U9 z" W如11
6 q% Z: P$ f% x( }* w(63)未关(扣)紧 not secure , not secured 5) Miscellaneous
6 @6 @4 ]; Z' A; s: I6 L, @其他类
: Q" x/ v+ F, F: m& ?a). Sealant
9 f% s% v% R. P! ?( W封严 9 q; U- v3 {+ q, S
(64)脱胶
& W' e6 S+ ^' q+ H$ Sadhere
' R4 n9 l; |1 O(65)老化) L4 |$ R/ `, D* S! ^
deteriorate
# p/ b3 S$ K& z/ h/ R(66)不均匀
6 ^3 `! B2 A& t4 o8 h# A: d) ^inconsistent adj.不一致的, 不协调的, 矛盾的
2 _5 k; Z" d3 i! zb). Wheel Assembly* b9 o6 ~: @6 S. ]; W( L0 B4 a
轮胎 , ?: a: d- @; W* _; X3 C0 J
(67)见线6 p; B( m/ N5 N- n
exposed cords
4 ^' I0 x9 L6 d, j! ^(68)磨平
6 K4 i% Y. u4 K0 Q5 kbald 0 W. a( x5 q% V, N2 d/ W) y
adj.光秃的, 单调的, 枯燥的
8 \" `: b8 W- Y% r(69)扎伤
8 T' `4 Y3 r; B q! ]puncture
# e! {5 H* M& C6 n. }n.小孔v.刺破 ' `& T3 i! l, g8 M- P" I9 }+ g1 |
(70)气压不足7 U m4 D$ {/ V& y1 }
insufficient-air-pressure
* s1 F) ^" E T& |! |c). Life Limited Parts
, R# C! @' u$ B4 B时寿件
/ y1 \' q- o/ l. u(71)过期- W3 q- z; a! g$ v
expire v.期满, 终止, 呼气, 断气, 届满
3 Y8 `# o6 i2 ?$ ?/ ?; |" |d). Placard and Marking* z! B- D6 y9 D% b( \0 D& ~
标牌/标识
, l' @/ ]' g" u# K% i0 Q(72)模糊的
: N( `( m% X5 ]illegible ' w7 g) U; W& u$ w8 l
; x9 f: \) x t(73)缺损
% q" w( k; P/ Z5 i, D& xdamage 4 P; m4 Y% J" ^2 N
(74)丢失
# ~& r4 V f+ q O9 p' v1 Kmissing (75)翘起4 F4 o- j2 P5 R b
lifting e). Slide/life Vest( Y( H R* b4 G M2 C" W6 F
滑梯/救生衣 / h0 N) Y' r5 r2 \5 {
(76)/ f* B z$ g+ n) r
散包+ |1 {- Q1 i. F1 r+ w
not properly packed 9 j8 g' s" ]' `( B
(77)1 A1 Y( p0 p' s% I" `
变形
0 M% Z% Z8 e! e4 X+ s. l8 Pnot properly sealed f).engine ignition plug发动机点火电嘴 *烧蚀 ablate
4 \4 p. D0 W, H这个词要比burnt等贴切。比如说被烧蚀,可以说:To become ablated;或 undergo ablation。 4.general defect terms1 R$ U: k4 \6 B2 @0 B, Z# p" N( k0 k
一般性缺陷术语
0 F5 W7 [7 I+ {$ @2 |4 }(78)脏
, r% |! ^* s2 h e7 @' qdirty
0 ~- V Q! Y! F(79)陈旧9 O/ G% O+ V& P+ g: s' f! E9 J
worn
- Y1 O* m( n( P n(80)断裂
- I8 q* h9 W, U) Bfracture n.破裂, 骨折v.(使)破碎, (使)破裂
$ A6 g, C$ p" s1 M1 w( c7 V4 b(81)磨损
/ q! `0 n" G- Q# L0 qchafe5 S q, z$ H1 \3 q* @2 R6 U
+ E7 }1 R% M! u, y$ P. ]5 B(82)超标( W; v& { p y, a' ]% W9 u7 i
exceed-the-limit 7 O c" }& l, S( d: q
(83)丢失
; T% _1 S1 Z* e% smissing M" J4 M- R& |" Z* h) e1 f7 u
(84)腐蚀, G8 g. ?; ~1 z' X7 K0 y: R
corrode
& u9 {9 j- W3 a* k5 ](85)裂纹
5 g. d1 ~7 a4 dcrack
% \2 `2 S* i8 U% _7 ^& [如9
2 ^6 C( w! x5 O% j. q2 S& D. W(86)空行程/无效行程
$ ^4 `2 I& F& I M4 Dbacklash
& }, _) e+ ?3 o3 ~# c! S) @4 a名词 (火器扳机的)无效行程
# X! J; v% z' N# d, `3 C(87)卡阻/阻塞8 {; p: b; o2 J x
block
) H' G8 _" H8 @# F+ o2 a(88)鼓起/ w5 w5 E' K* D
bulge & k: \- x4 R2 R/ H" n* r- A
(89)污染! l1 o- C0 x- [; P- u& u5 `1 }' f
contaminate+ U% p( k/ S* d5 E9 [* i, G4 m& L, r
9 h0 C8 o2 w) ~% s1 [. E. Z
(90)不一致
* H( i% c: G+ e- O7 b( W$ ]: C7 ~7 s) f8 h
disagree
8 T% c8 R. N5 T6 t, o J* y(91)(电池/气瓶)被释放discharge
# x7 Q" X$ q2 G7 j(92)
& r; W* Q3 I( Y. J4 K装错3 B- H7 J% E" M/ M/ [' Q
dislocate 9 U9 J6 W6 W4 i0 h/ c
(93)
# {3 B3 `# N9 R3 N失效+ G: J' `$ F: B+ K4 h
fail
2 U8 L$ B' Y. U) s, o5 k8 [(94)摆动
) G, |& v; e. {2 H. dfluctuate v$ ]2 I5 ~3 _0 h
(95)抖动/ o+ w- c+ e+ o& i$ j2 ]2 {- U( Z( c
flutter # s+ ^+ g0 `$ x
(96)不够/不足
+ k7 x; A( u. r# r: ?insufficient ! q: G, M6 l5 e1 T% e' s+ t/ [ a$ Z( c
(97)不工作# {, V5 Z a) M3 j
inoperative即我们常说的INOP。 ; j8 ]+ P* y8 Y8 }
(98)(不)亮$ G4 n5 j- ?/ w* t& G5 U# y
(not) illuminate
+ |; [: H- A. W, ]" y) ](99)干扰% d) ?8 A+ L( u( N1 \: r! u6 l
interfere
$ i* Y3 Q0 X; u5 y% x(100)扭结/缠结
$ X/ k) r# j! W& R8 _kink
% ?2 t$ t$ r: z+ y& P,
' f/ A7 d- U* Ztwist
6 D1 w( P6 G- h0 V% r: {6 D(101)走向错误
8 H$ [$ g8 e7 E1 smisrouted
; t _! R1 o8 J# R3 S" F(102)漏装
# N- C) O# u; V4 M& g: n0 Knot installed ( ^4 D" ?% V2 k- {! f
(103)相磨
i) S+ E. Z+ Srubbing ) M2 u2 j+ G9 ~1 p5 O$ S7 ]
(104)干涩/缺乏润滑! P9 O# ?5 \1 ?0 |6 r2 H
un-lubricated
; A! A. t; m3 }! k(105)不能复位
1 r/ T8 Q4 ^6 u! I7 j
) z# S# x9 o& x1 S$ X" u& Zwill-not-reset |