1. Common Structure Defects 结构缺陷 (1)凹坑dent
* x* K( _% e( ~' [$ tn.凹, 凹痕, (齿轮的)齿, 弱点v.使凹下, 凹进, 削弱 (2)凹槽notch4 `) ^/ w$ ^6 s8 h
n. 槽口, 凹口vt.刻凹痕, , 开槽, 切口 (3)变形deform; h# y) T- M% \/ R6 @. |! ^# N' f
v.(使)变形 (4)划痕
. A, [0 u4 T7 O- u! z5 @; p' Znick 5 Q7 S6 l2 Z$ {% n' Q3 ]1 I
n.刻痕, 缺口vt.刻痕于 (5)点腐蚀pitting 蚀损斑, 氢气泡疤 (6)断裂broken
) _ F B6 G# @* E. N4 Zadj.坏掉的, 患病的, 被制服的, 断掉的 (7)腐蚀" p) ]0 `" c" O1 d. i
corrode l% G' d/ w# Y' B$ X+ s" ~# h/ g* f
v.使腐蚀, 侵蚀 (8)划伤5 ? H( o+ s j
scratch % e F$ y' I5 D) j% R3 x0 q
n. 抓痕, 擦伤vt.乱涂, 勾抹掉, 擦, 刮, 搔, 抓 (9)裂纹& N0 m) E+ s6 z* ], p
crack
. Q6 @0 Z6 d9 ?n.裂缝, 噼啪声v.(使)破裂, 裂纹 (10)毛刺butt' e- p3 ?( R' U
n.粗大的一端, 靶垛v.以头抵撞, 碰撞 (11)磨损chafe& k* c2 H r/ U. |9 S
v.(将皮肤等)擦热, 擦破, 使恼火 (12)凸起protrude v.突出,凸起 (13)凹陷sag) J: k; V) s5 a4 y+ V( L6 j8 x6 A8 ^
v.松弛, 下陷, 下垂,漂流n.下垂, 下陷, (14)粗糙rough' O! E/ v) s! N' X) o$ B
adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的,粗暴的, 粗略叙述的 (15)漆层剥落finish missing/ e, u) }; M1 O% `3 Z
finish是指最后一道漆层。 (16)褪色fade# o+ O6 ?# A4 R. I( V
vi.声音减弱,褪色, 消失, vt.使褪色n.淡入, 淡出 (17)积水. X; p ~. g1 l) j: `+ A' L* x
entrapped water 2.材料缺陷
6 q8 T+ {; d# e1 O1)metallic defect: 金属材料缺陷 (18)氧化
9 o" x- V, f9 q4 ~; C' E4 ?oxidize+ e9 g5 F: i+ ~1 ?3 c f3 I# \
v.(使)氧化 5 i$ n! r2 W! V7 ?6 w2 t- O
(19)划伤
4 l3 e/ V4 J5 I- j) s4 _scratch/ d a. y1 m9 e/ v
如1.8
% v7 V! C- y/ e7 x(20)扭曲
. V9 ^6 p$ F5 V: w. h& k: `distort |& O' }. I- {
vt.弄歪(嘴脸等), 扭曲, 歪曲真理、误报 1 Z4 O3 U& ^& i( p" W+ Y F' p
(21)跷起
' ?; T! e b9 b2 E, r+ Snot in contour(轮廓)
$ S$ S$ W( V7 s% s$ m: Z1 i(22)穿孔
3 m$ ]) h; t& P' dpuncture n.小孔v.刺破 " N/ A, o* }2 b2 _
(23)碎屑
: w5 A/ p3 B+ y' h: k7 Vchip 碎屑,芯片 2 ^9 a* m' `- n0 P5 r, t
(24)腐蚀) A, Y! Y) e( G- z
corrode 如7
$ b* O, X& n+ }( L$ c(25)磨损
/ T9 K, ~8 E+ O' {; xchafe! R8 Y+ G+ b% E
如11 (26)变形
9 f: ^5 V9 j2 Q1 a5 G. Vdeform7 ]% z9 L! f( r H$ a. X
v.(使)变形 (27)风蚀/风化6 d8 @5 e$ C4 @ e# G3 B
erode vt.侵蚀, 腐蚀vi.受腐蚀, 逐渐消蚀掉 (28)裂纹 @# T; a, r( w& r; l( d7 T
crack
: U. W y8 l+ W b" O如9
! g* v& p& e+ I( n2)非金属材料缺陷: & f8 K- o' L( R! R! p0 K
(29)发霉
, r$ e/ H6 O: M& C# Amildewn. vi.发霉, 生霉vt.使发霉 (30)分层
* M# W9 Z" q1 P& Ddelaminate v.将...分层, 分成细层 (31)风蚀/风化% s( e/ u4 O( w/ g, J3 ]
erode' F$ Z: k# s2 G( b$ v" G4 M1 Q
如27 (32)裂纹
' S0 ?9 B2 a( ]- ^9 R5 Q, z/ mcrack, D* N& O5 ~ g& _7 }
如9 (33)老化
; ~; m. ?$ b8 w4 R2 kdeteriorate5 T1 E$ ^, M0 a- l: R1 i
v.(使)恶化 (34)起皱
8 p3 W5 D u) k) Q8 Qwrinkle1 K3 _4 M+ a, Q9 I: r* _0 X
n.皱纹v.使皱 (35)受潮
* h5 O. I. W6 \& D0 l; k2 {- Wsaturated adj.渗透的, 饱和的, 深颜色的 (36)撕裂5 @3 u1 T+ p2 q% `6 `9 ]
tear
# L4 b `$ k2 I& ^5 M过去式tore
( |) u d0 f, `# N% c过去分词0 `1 u- i' l7 o0 w- T! M
torn (37)穿孔
1 V' H+ @2 \4 Opuncture0 R, g$ Y8 b" v2 h2 h
如22 (38)变色1 C2 l* _7 l [+ {) l0 f* d6 j
fade vi.声音减弱, 褪色, 消失vt.使褪色 (39)陈旧2 V3 t' r( u6 u% y
worn adj.用旧的, 疲倦的vbl. wear的过去分词 (40)脱胶
2 e+ |* W1 T) m. ]/ snot adhered
6 \ p1 a6 ?7 m& j' I6 [; U* q3 Q5 X' c, _& ?+ t0 `
adhere vi.粘附, 胶着, 坚持v.坚持 3./ p- U, H: J# \; a+ C- ]
设备及零部件缺陷 1) Plumbing defect
1 P8 ^4 Z1 \% u; m: {管路缺陷 (41)凹坑
! Y$ M) K' e+ A( R' I, \dent# }' }7 u# P2 q( r0 \* {7 G
如1 (42)爆裂
- w' r$ H2 b0 r6 Rburst (43)擦伤/ @7 ^3 F8 [1 I6 b7 V4 c
chafe: [" D( _7 g3 L: X) Q ^
如11 (44)滑丝
& |5 y [ p. b' A4 ]2 M9 h2 E9 V6 K. A
cross thread或thread damaged (45)扭曲4 A5 \5 ~. t7 j3 G0 [3 [
twist (46)渗漏7 t5 F" x: i/ W$ o$ O* w
leak1 Y& F+ i/ \/ s2 n u9 |
名词 leakage (47)堵塞; p8 _8 \# I9 y3 z
obstruct v.阻隔, 阻塞, 遮断n.阻碍物, 障碍物 2) Wiring defect 线路缺陷 (48)腐蚀* `5 Q. k3 d5 R# a7 }7 i0 m# b! Z$ p
corrode4 ^# Z `- R+ [7 `4 P o
如7 (49)磨损
: J- _. L$ P6 Q m4 ?chafe
0 R7 a% p. C$ C如11 (50)相碰
% f2 o W- }# r5 g- l7 E$ B/ E1 @contact (51)断丝
2 N/ c% W" p" u& V& \1 c' |- U& s* \fray n.冲突, (织物等)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (52)熔断 |; {: Y3 T) R! B8 b+ @' m. f
fused 8 d* p- s- _4 e% z
adj.装有保险丝的。熔融的。 (53)弯曲% {6 y) c$ z" R `" R! [ w
bend
) d E6 Z0 ~$ j0 ]6 h; i过去分词、被动语态 bent 3) Mechanical linkage defect: {5 `% L& i6 m- R
传动机构缺陷(包括保险丝) (54)断丝
) M+ |; {$ D, a$ { _6 Bfray n.冲突, (织物)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (55)松弛4 P, J }2 c" }! U
slack adj.松弛的vt.使松弛,使减慢vi.松驰 (56)扭结5 n6 |. v! _2 b
twist (57)磨损
: A( S) y3 z! a* Cchafe
: P0 `: ~5 E0 f; r! t如11 (58)脱开
) z5 t) o2 h3 Y0 N, Sdisconnect 4) Fastener defect
2 t# a% v( c; }5 _5 o& y/ i紧固件缺陷
9 R' l3 `5 a! c6 A(59)
9 L5 n; q5 {4 ~丢失9 i3 v# s. p7 b8 I+ f4 ]1 ?1 C; N' U$ l
missing , h0 c; J9 V$ n- T3 N" _! I
(60)
H& e+ O# e4 b+ g m松动/松脱
" y/ K) O% I5 N" Y( Sloose 2 m `/ L0 o7 r
(61)3 ]8 d/ F: j8 V: R, K" C1 p
腐蚀
5 z) d2 I @' ]corrode
9 N/ ]0 g! D. s如7 ( B* N3 j3 T( l
(62)
. X L8 z- i0 z磨损
8 v. F% z4 D. g9 Z6 Gchafe9 w1 n. ?8 {8 n, x, \' s6 K7 V
如11
! s# C" N! K7 e/ A$ O: }* `- V(63)未关(扣)紧 not secure , not secured 5) Miscellaneous% k' [3 w2 N2 |( u7 R
其他类 . h* S6 F( t/ }: T) ~: q8 @
a). Sealant
" \" e1 ], h. Y4 X# Z' c/ H6 K封严
; y9 ^# U' L6 Y& \# u7 k/ `+ M; }( c(64)脱胶
9 k4 r# N8 B1 n" L6 I8 K) t' @+ o( Jadhere / U! ~4 m! w; E) S7 k% t/ `
(65)老化; p# p# x5 ~) G7 T3 p. b& h6 `" b# P4 S
deteriorate
7 \3 a% p. r" B: h9 D' N$ B3 ] Y. t' s(66)不均匀
: i$ g/ q1 y: x+ @inconsistent adj.不一致的, 不协调的, 矛盾的
$ b2 n q* k- N; @2 db). Wheel Assembly
9 i) ^2 j/ M+ Q5 [+ e7 q轮胎
" [8 c7 K/ |' ~(67)见线/ L. i# e/ ^! M
exposed cords
0 G$ j7 ]; K" l& T5 v3 i(68)磨平
% _3 o3 g; W( |6 q' Kbald : v4 g( L8 |! ^; w
adj.光秃的, 单调的, 枯燥的
2 h- }6 O7 l* ]2 y(69)扎伤
' K' R; H- c. Ipuncture - O7 w- z- o, X; j O2 A9 J$ S# I' {
n.小孔v.刺破 " n2 o1 k# J( T4 K0 b( p
(70)气压不足
7 E; F3 t$ A# U" vinsufficient-air-pressure 9 P2 w% b6 q) q+ T! A) Z
c). Life Limited Parts0 T0 l& D; s7 Z! T+ ]( A I$ \
时寿件
% d2 i" F7 Y2 x% d8 s5 {* N(71)过期. G3 A: s; }$ |
expire v.期满, 终止, 呼气, 断气, 届满 9 B/ T. y' V- u1 o" L
d). Placard and Marking
. y1 Z. T0 D4 O" R标牌/标识
1 S8 G2 s. ]9 T9 G/ G1 n& N(72)模糊的! O: X8 F6 [4 i4 z( h4 J2 Q+ z! d
illegible 4 P V, v I6 A: X
7 ^; O6 b7 A% v H1 `
(73)缺损
+ [5 @( @' I) Kdamage 4 _0 z4 W7 @' q& P; _* F
(74)丢失
) T" @; L4 L: W: b$ t T) I3 [4 E; zmissing (75)翘起3 h% z9 a9 Y/ O, N4 ]
lifting e). Slide/life Vest7 l! k: h! s0 r8 g* e
滑梯/救生衣
. j/ I; l- m/ o$ D# r(76)
& Y0 a4 u6 Q5 X3 B/ P3 q散包
0 E) o; I- d# H' S% f* fnot properly packed 5 V5 C! G- o/ x* Z( O+ G
(77)/ D# t) X3 J+ U) ^
变形. [$ q8 z# x9 q7 K
not properly sealed f).engine ignition plug发动机点火电嘴 *烧蚀 ablate+ G _# x- e S* c
这个词要比burnt等贴切。比如说被烧蚀,可以说:To become ablated;或 undergo ablation。 4.general defect terms
. X S' l/ R' [$ k" q+ I一般性缺陷术语 + U! a4 _# r8 p+ _
(78)脏) Y" n; e% W1 }2 F- k$ ?
dirty
. d# Z: }/ { L2 f2 J6 e2 a! {) }(79)陈旧. P- A' x, ^' Y2 v+ h
worn
& A) ?4 Y6 G7 S. Y3 `# R8 J(80)断裂
, C7 Q7 {) g$ |) }5 M4 P# dfracture n.破裂, 骨折v.(使)破碎, (使)破裂
5 f' l; w( r7 Y" g5 g5 K9 J7 m( v" ](81)磨损; B2 v% h% X% f4 }% H$ e6 X: m
chafe0 C% p I( [$ b
i5 w. G b' q1 U8 A' D# P
(82)超标; s; P) d, O3 _: M
exceed-the-limit
* k% k( |9 D& I! _( A(83)丢失
1 }5 D% r0 a+ h$ {4 v) G* jmissing & U; @" s* `9 I! }$ H& w4 g4 _: ]
(84)腐蚀% j) i# E9 G) `$ U' K" G
corrode
# T9 G3 L# N" }5 Q(85)裂纹
. k |. Z1 K' xcrack
+ U S- m& s! r, y0 W0 a如9
& j$ n! H- J% L) @0 w# w0 P(86)空行程/无效行程
1 ]$ E/ n6 B7 m+ v5 g# bbacklash
4 L2 q, I2 _2 Z名词 (火器扳机的)无效行程 * ~2 p- Q! v' l9 ?7 o9 \
(87)卡阻/阻塞
: g. d/ {" Z: B. h0 ^3 e- I2 Cblock
9 I# C& A# {' q' u$ n+ E! e(88)鼓起+ N/ ?- ~. z* N7 N2 {
bulge & }4 `1 t* O" k, d) z
(89)污染
1 b! J; I" B. a9 r' _4 g8 Dcontaminate
W R! u3 A5 g; j
' }! o. ?) Z H* \ d9 z(90)不一致
7 |: q$ ?( f* V. d& D- A g# r( D; Q. j
disagree # v. k Y4 D7 ]9 {" U5 k2 H
(91)(电池/气瓶)被释放discharge
3 k; Q! p }* y(92)
( Q0 o4 |% b# z& |6 _装错
: S4 B- a2 H& Q- Z! Adislocate 8 S' g# `6 h$ ~4 C* ~
(93)
2 c9 D* k! r$ Y, m0 g+ T失效8 L& v2 x& @) g4 m/ D9 ?
fail
, z `4 g6 `, Q9 |(94)摆动6 d6 }5 g% G+ |+ g) V( L- L
fluctuate ; P& [* m1 }6 W P
(95)抖动
3 y! H0 V* k0 d; e( n: wflutter
' r4 w5 ~6 t/ v. g3 ]7 g7 B(96)不够/不足1 t: F& _: s; h( [1 p' ?5 N2 ]3 i* F
insufficient . n& r" o! J. `3 f/ D
(97)不工作 P( Y- D9 c* j% n& n c& m3 q5 X
inoperative即我们常说的INOP。
, y4 d( l; t! {, J$ K(98)(不)亮
& l: x& y, w* L% c) Y(not) illuminate
2 w+ Y5 |' p# ?- p# T ](99)干扰' C* C1 |3 A: C6 t B5 `
interfere - j+ }* F- g4 I- ]7 G; i
(100)扭结/缠结9 s6 @& a' k2 G0 x; ]
kink! \7 j3 E E8 y& f. \1 P! s
,- `) [8 d4 c" G' ^7 Z/ I8 P" e' F
twist
/ Z* E) [* E6 [" X- z(101)走向错误
8 G% X5 V6 p0 c) zmisrouted
1 C. w# W' U4 `2 r- U! H: H: B(102)漏装# S9 B0 Y2 l5 s
not installed
; S5 ^5 x1 V: E$ R(103)相磨7 t2 i7 G/ U) P9 t) P' @7 S
rubbing
/ f9 p; u3 e# r0 F: ^2 Z(104)干涩/缺乏润滑. a! [' e4 E0 D. T
un-lubricated
6 M; i: f8 A6 M! A! ~3 r4 M: f(105)不能复位) i- n! J7 r) |& S
6 {# [! {# \8 n6 Nwill-not-reset |