1. Common Structure Defects 结构缺陷 (1)凹坑dent
% b& ~8 _1 s! Xn.凹, 凹痕, (齿轮的)齿, 弱点v.使凹下, 凹进, 削弱 (2)凹槽notch) T$ A/ A- W; h1 M7 X) h, I
n. 槽口, 凹口vt.刻凹痕, , 开槽, 切口 (3)变形deform
& J8 Q- M. d* z: dv.(使)变形 (4)划痕
5 B7 Z' P8 e R! S" xnick ) U- i6 w2 Z [8 G
n.刻痕, 缺口vt.刻痕于 (5)点腐蚀pitting 蚀损斑, 氢气泡疤 (6)断裂broken
2 a4 Z6 \/ J, j6 }* q$ `( ?: G2 n: d% eadj.坏掉的, 患病的, 被制服的, 断掉的 (7)腐蚀
: f" N1 G `. Ucorrode
/ v. A+ j; e# H6 D+ a" G6 sv.使腐蚀, 侵蚀 (8)划伤
3 w9 P9 I2 F% u+ y- W/ S, W& uscratch
7 ]0 n' e$ n- q! An. 抓痕, 擦伤vt.乱涂, 勾抹掉, 擦, 刮, 搔, 抓 (9)裂纹, {+ S$ m* H4 s2 Y
crack4 P: q7 d+ e2 _0 D
n.裂缝, 噼啪声v.(使)破裂, 裂纹 (10)毛刺butt
9 }# {" x, V3 e+ G# t) [0 ]n.粗大的一端, 靶垛v.以头抵撞, 碰撞 (11)磨损chafe# q1 N/ a! y4 c; F# c3 h
v.(将皮肤等)擦热, 擦破, 使恼火 (12)凸起protrude v.突出,凸起 (13)凹陷sag0 k l j# Q* ]- M, x
v.松弛, 下陷, 下垂,漂流n.下垂, 下陷, (14)粗糙rough
7 J; n2 \. ^) J8 g2 Aadj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的,粗暴的, 粗略叙述的 (15)漆层剥落finish missing
" Q$ B$ x3 ?- B! M8 T: |5 D( dfinish是指最后一道漆层。 (16)褪色fade" u6 G+ y. w: d& i3 |' R6 f
vi.声音减弱,褪色, 消失, vt.使褪色n.淡入, 淡出 (17)积水
/ S9 N2 o# k' P* T0 {entrapped water 2.材料缺陷 ( K" E* A; J; d* R4 A' |) F
1)metallic defect: 金属材料缺陷 (18)氧化
8 h6 a# g/ k3 S4 b+ Yoxidize' ]% D9 N" a& L$ V: c+ F
v.(使)氧化 6 |& w$ u8 Y) ^/ p- P
(19)划伤
! _7 T1 Y6 X" escratch; F" G7 ?& F- U2 k9 m- y2 F' D
如1.8 0 j Z# N9 i' r# |: E$ q
(20)扭曲
# P M F* I) v( fdistort$ [: o+ j& y# u" X* J1 x
vt.弄歪(嘴脸等), 扭曲, 歪曲真理、误报
* b# ?/ {" O( r: a1 W) z(21)跷起
8 f1 o2 M+ B, Q5 N% b5 hnot in contour(轮廓)
+ o7 Y' I5 ~. M) L0 l(22)穿孔
/ Y1 q/ H$ B4 o, x( apuncture n.小孔v.刺破 ' x* B4 D7 }0 W2 \5 A/ Z
(23)碎屑; T5 V/ ?& v3 N# `
chip 碎屑,芯片 1 [5 P1 e1 a$ D0 o* d( V1 f# i
(24)腐蚀
; C7 b. R' Q( V8 Ccorrode 如7 3 u1 s' ]0 f" k0 r7 `. H
(25)磨损8 x5 ^. e4 ? M8 T/ L- Y. w: ~
chafe
6 l0 \( T7 j% f1 M; c如11 (26)变形
2 f0 f: }( `1 B# k, ?* I% ^# Odeform) Z+ w. J+ a7 r* @8 F+ ^
v.(使)变形 (27)风蚀/风化
. @% e M" N; b7 [! rerode vt.侵蚀, 腐蚀vi.受腐蚀, 逐渐消蚀掉 (28)裂纹
" S% k( M7 T/ W3 `crack ( F: o. p. C5 ~! v
如9 6 @1 S9 w0 k9 C2 E, h4 {8 S
2)非金属材料缺陷: 7 B0 g8 J) p t8 Q- K
(29)发霉1 g8 |6 x' q7 c
mildewn. vi.发霉, 生霉vt.使发霉 (30)分层
$ @0 w4 P. G0 _, d7 L6 q5 y5 Hdelaminate v.将...分层, 分成细层 (31)风蚀/风化4 c4 D ]$ z( D' {. \# `
erode
+ \, V0 w6 |% X" X: Q如27 (32)裂纹
6 F: U# C/ R" E& `! scrack, L) |) @, @+ D6 L/ f* {
如9 (33)老化
& U2 {. Z* ^0 M9 A# | r, xdeteriorate
* b7 N" M' j# J9 p6 }& c( ~v.(使)恶化 (34)起皱
2 B. \, B$ u7 _- u2 v% h1 y( bwrinkle
# d" A4 v. P" U; y" f% |3 pn.皱纹v.使皱 (35)受潮5 v# R% X% ^8 j! J1 F3 O
saturated adj.渗透的, 饱和的, 深颜色的 (36)撕裂, \2 j3 O7 O/ X6 T. |" Z! k" K- C
tear+ o9 M/ m0 y/ j% [
过去式tore
( S. V; Z* S& y# [& y过去分词
1 ^% I* r1 J, Z- ptorn (37)穿孔
* S, Q7 D! S+ H' B, Lpuncture
[# } C$ y) N+ [/ z如22 (38)变色' p/ [, k# w6 W7 B5 b. V$ X
fade vi.声音减弱, 褪色, 消失vt.使褪色 (39)陈旧
' }& M$ I0 s( F+ eworn adj.用旧的, 疲倦的vbl. wear的过去分词 (40)脱胶
9 I% C% c% s$ a* ]) O. R' i/ Dnot adhered
% W7 E. _$ m$ v# \9 h% g% y2 s
5 L N3 e( |; [+ P* {8 Jadhere vi.粘附, 胶着, 坚持v.坚持 3.9 V, ]" j7 n" p k
设备及零部件缺陷 1) Plumbing defect9 u' F) Y* e- H2 h! T" \$ L+ P Y' h
管路缺陷 (41)凹坑
" t9 Z g( |1 T" D% }dent5 v V9 p, H8 M
如1 (42)爆裂* D! @; I1 Q& ~/ K- r" q
burst (43)擦伤
3 e6 ?0 N. e4 h+ A- schafe% {& s0 K5 X8 R! t+ v6 v7 z) _
如11 (44)滑丝$ Q8 q( U3 }2 ~$ d/ W. o
. D1 u/ V, H- B2 }, V
cross thread或thread damaged (45)扭曲" [0 I0 C8 {+ ]+ |" ]
twist (46)渗漏
8 ]+ g3 R( X! M m Y5 B1 ileak
" e; i4 P' n" p8 X0 ?- U( `+ e名词 leakage (47)堵塞
- F ^7 M4 @6 E6 |obstruct v.阻隔, 阻塞, 遮断n.阻碍物, 障碍物 2) Wiring defect 线路缺陷 (48)腐蚀
) `4 ?0 f& m$ g, t" x2 j( i% Pcorrode3 j! x. s& X# F6 @
如7 (49)磨损1 H$ c+ \9 a$ K8 k
chafe
+ R8 P+ S7 D7 {! V% \; r- m# R0 u# L4 y如11 (50)相碰2 h8 P# r; b7 C: e4 x9 k7 e/ J
contact (51)断丝
' c! o% n; m6 @2 e0 M$ Kfray n.冲突, (织物等)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (52)熔断' v/ O8 d* ^4 n" [/ J
fused
( n& k6 m! n! C: uadj.装有保险丝的。熔融的。 (53)弯曲8 n0 w" s) |0 q
bend( t% L; ]+ O( X6 n. t9 ]! Q& u, F. P
过去分词、被动语态 bent 3) Mechanical linkage defect& O1 j% N' M8 W( f' u' y( O
传动机构缺陷(包括保险丝) (54)断丝
! ? F5 Z# @- Vfray n.冲突, (织物)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (55)松弛# H$ i3 [. l* G5 r. K9 u: r( \) {
slack adj.松弛的vt.使松弛,使减慢vi.松驰 (56)扭结2 u; E7 t: Y8 G9 `" J- u
twist (57)磨损
1 R( @. b4 }- y3 C1 a0 H" n2 achafe; e S$ I, T7 [" m. s+ R% b! P6 L
如11 (58)脱开
2 I3 T4 e- n# @+ V Vdisconnect 4) Fastener defect" y7 k1 G' J; E0 X4 m o# b4 K
紧固件缺陷 - W0 x& o- }/ N4 A9 h5 p
(59)
$ X- |+ Y& A) X7 j6 t0 F7 w" f丢失
/ ]+ K( V& b4 F4 G6 bmissing 1 I/ d- S6 Y3 g& @3 ~' x
(60)
' Q3 s' _6 [2 \+ ^) a松动/松脱
. P. W8 K8 I- v- ?loose
3 B) C2 m+ d6 h% C5 M1 A7 L(61)
* H, E8 ^' Z$ n8 t/ a7 z1 }' M/ Y腐蚀; y! [3 v ^; k0 g5 W2 X
corrode7 Y$ ~5 @: u9 \ w# Z: A# ^
如7
2 d; X+ ~$ K0 o; w0 Q: R(62)
! I' r. n8 M/ U% j- p" e+ O磨损
3 T3 P& }7 J* u( @: }0 x3 bchafe2 u' F0 t( V5 W
如11 . I9 L5 h; V3 K# w) H
(63)未关(扣)紧 not secure , not secured 5) Miscellaneous, Y8 W3 k( _$ G
其他类
- c1 M6 `6 ~ w. Ea). Sealant
2 }* O# A( V7 B9 \4 ?封严
: Q; A" p! ~: s7 p. k. Z( v% Z(64)脱胶3 r+ Q+ s/ i$ j2 W1 f3 R' N( L: I1 \
adhere 8 J J# U! _, H U( q
(65)老化
* \- t' E0 m5 h+ ~% xdeteriorate 0 i5 E- t1 w6 a" ]8 p* ~
(66)不均匀/ J7 |5 k2 ~9 C1 m5 w4 r0 x9 E
inconsistent adj.不一致的, 不协调的, 矛盾的 # T$ L: j; l$ Y! y
b). Wheel Assembly& `4 Q+ K0 g! S8 n
轮胎 ) y8 p. F$ B! d' ?
(67)见线
$ z: m) N! S* n$ @% r5 T* E7 {exposed cords
, F* ?! p" W' x(68)磨平/ M: X) `9 @# i4 r) Z
bald ; L% k3 p# `: N/ s9 V
adj.光秃的, 单调的, 枯燥的
z& ]9 B, u" F) J& [% C0 u1 A( }(69)扎伤
) I( f* D, Y3 n* p8 ?* G1 Apuncture 7 y( b2 ?' R5 r7 v: n2 T% S
n.小孔v.刺破
9 H8 i3 O0 [6 H. f(70)气压不足
1 Y F3 Z- Q1 einsufficient-air-pressure
& P2 r! u3 V/ Fc). Life Limited Parts
: y8 N& f( ~' l6 D时寿件 3 f8 {- U' S) W. m; F" P) [+ u
(71)过期8 U% f n7 [( u+ X9 O- L* @* Y4 F
expire v.期满, 终止, 呼气, 断气, 届满
Q' w# n" N2 vd). Placard and Marking
$ G9 @. ]$ r% ^# G标牌/标识
5 I" c+ {8 I! ?8 a D(72)模糊的
9 g% k& }' z' T* t! U' }" t5 ?. iillegible
9 \, p4 L D, a" P6 N! G5 f: [- k$ j/ f7 |
(73)缺损* P' Z: U5 v, d2 G6 z) v( o- |5 D
damage
8 Y0 m& l% \( Q' S O(74)丢失
' [8 m6 B. W" r7 M, I7 hmissing (75)翘起6 }! o7 @, n2 w h. m. g2 i: I
lifting e). Slide/life Vest2 _$ t1 `; i9 y" n5 ]& w6 |
滑梯/救生衣
3 U2 v2 m9 F# C' }0 h3 R/ D- `0 [- R(76)
5 {# y6 J7 ?( u2 R% [) r散包
: K. s3 F' \; U8 r% ~$ knot properly packed z: ^9 z7 H4 V* x9 j
(77)
" O) S% H% g Y; W变形4 I$ \7 ?, y* {! B/ @( p- M' @
not properly sealed f).engine ignition plug发动机点火电嘴 *烧蚀 ablate
' Y4 Z* Z7 g# ?) _$ U这个词要比burnt等贴切。比如说被烧蚀,可以说:To become ablated;或 undergo ablation。 4.general defect terms
) ~3 H5 j2 b- ~- G一般性缺陷术语
' W+ u6 \2 z6 `) e; ?/ ^5 N(78)脏! `. \0 \) u+ u
dirty $ l+ E3 ~' F/ I7 [
(79)陈旧
6 d! _ H$ q7 j7 m! u2 Tworn 6 G; I0 _9 T# ^8 D
(80)断裂% Y: w* D7 X j
fracture n.破裂, 骨折v.(使)破碎, (使)破裂 0 e" |5 M+ c( K1 h1 c; R& V9 z
(81)磨损
* O' s& S! \, J5 @, Ychafe: C0 U) E* Y6 `! l; U
" R7 l; r; a; F9 ~(82)超标$ K/ v# \4 y; c# [
exceed-the-limit 1 D. h5 T% E/ ~, ~, h
(83)丢失" ~" @$ w6 h7 @6 n- }, A6 m
missing
+ r0 s1 @( R7 L$ n6 x& A. L9 x(84)腐蚀 {% i3 u) V/ i2 m) B% `
corrode
4 B1 {# ^) B7 W% ~(85)裂纹$ I3 N0 e& [" z3 B& A3 l" ~$ |
crack
7 d, u* K' W. y; C9 c$ Y1 w如9 1 e6 i7 W- O) b$ |& y
(86)空行程/无效行程- `1 y/ V$ f: U3 F0 z% u3 Q/ X
backlash
3 v2 E6 m6 I+ p h( ~9 {0 M名词 (火器扳机的)无效行程
+ K! L2 U# Y* P$ w+ h(87)卡阻/阻塞$ Q x. h. ^! a: s
block
- n$ m$ h# f# k- @! C/ B" f(88)鼓起% v1 A+ o) ? I3 n$ Q7 n
bulge
0 u7 P+ S2 t$ L% Y5 d: g& a2 _9 E(89)污染& Y3 E% D3 a8 [. r7 w4 V
contaminate4 v, E: D: O4 W& q; ~+ U: s
. w& @5 {) ?7 u5 H W2 [( s(90)不一致
5 F0 V* `: o/ V! l+ H+ V5 y4 v" X; ?3 i) ~, T! ]5 g# y Y+ z
disagree
9 [ E1 P3 J4 h* \) y(91)(电池/气瓶)被释放discharge 6 g5 h' Z1 T* A9 T3 T" T6 \
(92)) n1 _+ }8 b+ p+ I
装错) P) L& [! D+ d# J$ q& \9 ]
dislocate ' \6 E; ]& k& N3 k3 V4 h& R
(93)9 d6 T6 J; y4 t" P) y
失效
/ c; t4 z5 m! Z) E7 z7 l+ Pfail
# ?; Q& Y2 a* J: ^$ h0 b(94)摆动
: z- Q4 X6 v* t: S( v9 f+ U1 Gfluctuate
; i( L( F6 v. H" N(95)抖动
0 W- u/ z7 P( E/ A1 B( Eflutter : }6 r1 \5 e3 N( v7 \9 c" u
(96)不够/不足. e8 d4 E: M) j) x
insufficient
# u0 [; i/ I! @(97)不工作( ~6 I3 x1 Z* u( D9 ]/ Z$ B
inoperative即我们常说的INOP。 ! @' p r, N# g
(98)(不)亮8 Y' V& |( q! z) b4 C6 ~0 O
(not) illuminate
5 j/ t0 ]! y( h( D0 a(99)干扰( [; {* f" s0 F" Y, T7 K% R
interfere
" F( B1 |1 j( N& p! v- A(100)扭结/缠结
; ^- l9 h3 [0 \8 Vkink
4 |7 p$ P; E& r( s* y,1 v1 a- Q: k" M
twist
' ], E1 G0 j2 c9 @* Z0 n! h(101)走向错误3 t& f# E6 j+ Q& J
misrouted
. w" h0 z+ J( ?0 M R0 y$ O(102)漏装. P$ J: f( a; q+ I
not installed & d% j j$ X: Y4 W
(103)相磨% a& Z" X2 J/ N6 h* L; Y
rubbing
- `8 }7 W; S' J" A' {* O(104)干涩/缺乏润滑. y- f" I: w$ Y ^
un-lubricated % }: T3 V8 I0 M' D# H: [+ q5 Z
(105)不能复位
: J; a. H( [+ b, y# S+ [1 O. ^1 B* j2 r# W. H& l& {& w
will-not-reset |