1. Common Structure Defects 结构缺陷 (1)凹坑dent9 Y' |' }7 _, J; A
n.凹, 凹痕, (齿轮的)齿, 弱点v.使凹下, 凹进, 削弱 (2)凹槽notch, p4 u/ e: J% e4 ~% c% ^, _9 o8 ?& a9 o
n. 槽口, 凹口vt.刻凹痕, , 开槽, 切口 (3)变形deform
1 E+ h, a' U O x$ j3 n/ Y& Dv.(使)变形 (4)划痕; i4 E# q: @/ y# x: M9 N$ p. L7 t
nick 1 x) n7 S$ _" f/ L7 i1 l9 j) n3 h, A
n.刻痕, 缺口vt.刻痕于 (5)点腐蚀pitting 蚀损斑, 氢气泡疤 (6)断裂broken- ?+ N: K4 y$ x# I1 n4 i9 M& d& N1 A; y
adj.坏掉的, 患病的, 被制服的, 断掉的 (7)腐蚀
% o" x1 V1 H8 ~/ [( D3 p8 Ycorrode4 w! f. l* i$ v- t, Y
v.使腐蚀, 侵蚀 (8)划伤1 l1 J& G8 {4 P5 r8 m7 \, j) j& @
scratch
/ ?6 o# M& X! m5 i- }% u+ Qn. 抓痕, 擦伤vt.乱涂, 勾抹掉, 擦, 刮, 搔, 抓 (9)裂纹; B/ x4 G, u5 Q9 E9 Q5 s
crack2 Q: O3 c) x% x: K0 S" E3 L
n.裂缝, 噼啪声v.(使)破裂, 裂纹 (10)毛刺butt
5 j8 _- @6 c4 H4 o1 xn.粗大的一端, 靶垛v.以头抵撞, 碰撞 (11)磨损chafe
# g' X; g/ k ~! k2 U. k" C) jv.(将皮肤等)擦热, 擦破, 使恼火 (12)凸起protrude v.突出,凸起 (13)凹陷sag/ W% V3 T1 J) g% m! }. Q$ N7 u
v.松弛, 下陷, 下垂,漂流n.下垂, 下陷, (14)粗糙rough
; m' o7 W& g+ zadj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的,粗暴的, 粗略叙述的 (15)漆层剥落finish missing! ^+ J0 C, B# r: @
finish是指最后一道漆层。 (16)褪色fade
; F6 K* R, ~# K2 I6 P1 xvi.声音减弱,褪色, 消失, vt.使褪色n.淡入, 淡出 (17)积水% _% A/ B. R0 g1 M0 m$ Z, A
entrapped water 2.材料缺陷
B( w& y. q Q1)metallic defect: 金属材料缺陷 (18)氧化
! e4 P3 p3 [" m8 s8 J' [# ? `% ?oxidize
( G8 H6 c! A5 { dv.(使)氧化 9 X" ~: _* a9 v9 y+ Q& C
(19)划伤1 n+ e" E% G, m+ H( j3 A Z
scratch# \' \+ P8 P+ f# O7 P
如1.8 - f; ^" c* C4 j
(20)扭曲
1 R. Y: q4 G) P, p# N$ cdistort1 h' [: o# `9 \" [3 |
vt.弄歪(嘴脸等), 扭曲, 歪曲真理、误报
8 A. B+ B Z- |$ {(21)跷起
) v$ U6 D3 ~. _4 \0 [, w) Z$ \' Snot in contour(轮廓) 2 m( x8 K( }% Z$ E8 j) X
(22)穿孔
( p' D/ P# A# apuncture n.小孔v.刺破 0 `* B w& ^; y/ e/ s" y
(23)碎屑
! l, C6 i H7 M( H: s8 O) H+ @chip 碎屑,芯片 0 x/ h( Y9 F! I& ~9 ?% N3 \ g& L
(24)腐蚀
8 n, m: o9 ~+ Ccorrode 如7 0 P% v# i2 Y$ V R) f
(25)磨损5 b2 T( O% i% F% E% G
chafe- \! F( i4 R( t* g" M
如11 (26)变形1 y' x0 P ^& T$ z* x. R
deform+ _, A f" t- g9 ~, ]2 N! [& ]
v.(使)变形 (27)风蚀/风化
" J; I' ^3 S" H$ |, ~" Oerode vt.侵蚀, 腐蚀vi.受腐蚀, 逐渐消蚀掉 (28)裂纹
n1 W, ~3 M( Q9 m/ L4 ~crack 9 [: w# F/ O' v9 ~, m
如9
+ S$ J& Q* E3 o- P5 F: w% e3 [8 c7 Z2)非金属材料缺陷:
) ?1 b4 D% M! i& z( c/ J: Y( c5 @% t2 r(29)发霉2 A& k9 |/ {! w: s7 V k0 {
mildewn. vi.发霉, 生霉vt.使发霉 (30)分层
: X/ ^6 v/ B+ G& Idelaminate v.将...分层, 分成细层 (31)风蚀/风化
+ r% i( @0 R8 q& i% W0 y, derode
; a7 Z8 W8 f% J: O n3 F) u, E3 T如27 (32)裂纹; K' i6 d) U8 N. V l; G$ ?8 L, R
crack
; D' h7 {/ Y: T- j如9 (33)老化9 P# N5 O& Y. _9 e
deteriorate. i& h, K+ s1 [
v.(使)恶化 (34)起皱- N. ~9 ^5 N3 L7 Y+ Q3 X
wrinkle) Y$ ]' P4 ^& A; Z) u
n.皱纹v.使皱 (35)受潮' ?) b6 u$ ~# _; U7 y; P4 g8 Q+ O
saturated adj.渗透的, 饱和的, 深颜色的 (36)撕裂
4 F: R9 b# {0 }9 Ptear
; c. U( q% M% g# Q, t过去式tore, t9 _3 s' k; A9 q+ p9 P
过去分词
- H8 B3 m! Z$ |torn (37)穿孔
; r: z5 i6 i& o8 H- \4 ^/ Upuncture
# j4 L) b, I& P) l6 `) a4 ]. q如22 (38)变色
* V7 o/ ~: {1 J9 ^( nfade vi.声音减弱, 褪色, 消失vt.使褪色 (39)陈旧 H$ o6 ~2 S" N G2 [* b5 {5 |; F
worn adj.用旧的, 疲倦的vbl. wear的过去分词 (40)脱胶: b$ H( y# Q& q4 o* U
not adhered . Y f; P2 ]: T" v9 c
* `: n7 K, n; W e
adhere vi.粘附, 胶着, 坚持v.坚持 3.0 C# d; t% M$ U) V4 }0 i% ]$ Q
设备及零部件缺陷 1) Plumbing defect& o2 H' S; s7 d" Q0 ?' X
管路缺陷 (41)凹坑) J; z5 J8 Z- {, n
dent
' D7 ~, \& o6 I* f! t如1 (42)爆裂8 L4 A9 x4 L% z" v& L4 Z; Q
burst (43)擦伤4 o( W- h/ x0 [9 E+ T6 g1 T$ X, o
chafe6 ]# E' Y- O' ^) A
如11 (44)滑丝
1 c- n$ `' g# l' @9 k' K0 Q
& G2 W8 I! y8 o/ |6 i# h* a Ucross thread或thread damaged (45)扭曲$ u, T$ C6 h8 o8 N$ g
twist (46)渗漏- H1 g; M. H" Y3 Z5 g
leak- o: K9 F0 q0 ]9 t0 S
名词 leakage (47)堵塞. N; u) z3 N6 C5 w
obstruct v.阻隔, 阻塞, 遮断n.阻碍物, 障碍物 2) Wiring defect 线路缺陷 (48)腐蚀
- N* G% u0 `: l* ucorrode
( t/ q: E8 r9 p- N( Q7 i; O2 h! T( M如7 (49)磨损
9 R" W/ Q- L( f5 ?' xchafe
3 F8 W, z5 W3 z0 L如11 (50)相碰 M# T2 h, f j i. }* \
contact (51)断丝
) J7 P$ d; U" I/ X/ b0 I6 rfray n.冲突, (织物等)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (52)熔断
. D% d8 {5 s4 O% N- n( zfused " E+ n( I& a8 [
adj.装有保险丝的。熔融的。 (53)弯曲
/ B; ]$ `/ A$ u [6 ^- lbend; ? I- s( n% C4 T" d6 m7 w
过去分词、被动语态 bent 3) Mechanical linkage defect
4 Y" c: G& Y5 m6 T传动机构缺陷(包括保险丝) (54)断丝+ j9 ~8 O2 _6 J; J- a _* c; C0 F
fray n.冲突, (织物)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (55)松弛
# }: f# `8 I( k7 |; V) ^slack adj.松弛的vt.使松弛,使减慢vi.松驰 (56)扭结$ C3 j# Y; B: g1 K& w: \* P
twist (57)磨损- ~( e% A9 }# q4 D/ p2 z
chafe
# ^! S0 x) l g3 i0 N如11 (58)脱开
" F% i/ u% T. ddisconnect 4) Fastener defect
B" Z7 O- S% n; C" i7 M紧固件缺陷 , P/ [* S; \' N% n: w" s2 k
(59)" d# ^8 j: Q( Q, e$ C% |2 M
丢失; G, u) l! C& N; z$ x
missing
& z H0 N8 X7 x. m6 |(60). ]+ {6 O- Q n8 i* c- H* H
松动/松脱
" K# {/ S% `( m: l9 m% J( Cloose # [7 x- @( s" R4 O6 L: q! v
(61)
1 L/ p2 x/ m) t9 e1 S腐蚀
( h q2 w' x, D& ^1 s' I3 r1 \3 [8 O( Lcorrode% }; Y; }' b! i+ Q' M" ]$ V* {
如7
! B9 O7 ]+ j! s) r3 Q ]& m(62)0 q( }% @$ U/ N4 |2 i) b0 ]9 M3 n6 v2 a
磨损
( O# O" g2 |/ ?- ?& w5 Lchafe+ \' {% P; e8 x3 u, H; j ~
如11 ! }# Q7 n# n+ `" }
(63)未关(扣)紧 not secure , not secured 5) Miscellaneous6 _6 F( a- b" H/ G4 Y; D
其他类 0 s2 x. w/ f" i9 n
a). Sealant0 X+ D9 {6 W" c) z' }
封严
l8 m* ~- o% b* }0 M' D2 Y, }! G" m(64)脱胶
4 w# f( _) { Fadhere
- @9 r0 t6 i; Q9 G(65)老化$ ^+ P. _. ^. Q0 o/ w: \! T3 E9 h
deteriorate
2 V6 v2 F, C- M(66)不均匀4 x: O9 w7 H ~; V. U
inconsistent adj.不一致的, 不协调的, 矛盾的
. |( X) J3 V2 R: i. jb). Wheel Assembly4 N; J2 }1 m) w4 K$ _7 H7 ^
轮胎 7 t* m/ h e+ T: ]1 u" _
(67)见线
2 p8 A& n8 ?: x* r4 rexposed cords
: c8 o) R( \" }0 g* d: B; k(68)磨平: |) B! k& f$ |4 r) Y
bald 2 c% n+ P/ N G5 d1 J
adj.光秃的, 单调的, 枯燥的 0 E' p& @ \2 b
(69)扎伤- E- L3 u# O8 a9 _
puncture
3 Z; k. z1 W5 Ln.小孔v.刺破
& Z/ ] m. S+ }(70)气压不足- }: f8 m1 ~9 {5 O& G" `
insufficient-air-pressure
6 u4 L0 ?% P! d" ]6 Zc). Life Limited Parts* ^/ A4 L7 [# q! {! b0 b0 Q8 p
时寿件 ! V6 ?: u0 M& q8 O# D4 |
(71)过期
2 w! Y& t _3 w ^3 Y- I& j. Aexpire v.期满, 终止, 呼气, 断气, 届满 1 t+ o0 B( S- Z. g, k
d). Placard and Marking
" |+ M( T6 `: I6 G- i标牌/标识 2 U" r. z' i+ p& C
(72)模糊的8 r- ?# W) e8 l; R
illegible
- E( f+ ]1 Y3 }9 I8 i
/ Q% e5 c$ r" P( g" _9 P(73)缺损
% w) Z" {" v( j( n0 B0 w4 wdamage 4 ~! ]+ E9 ^1 p& K9 e
(74)丢失
& Z' {% F8 t2 C: |* Fmissing (75)翘起# g. R' U* {2 w4 y/ X4 ]( q5 F
lifting e). Slide/life Vest d1 O8 L8 x& e! N
滑梯/救生衣 ( X. x. J+ G% P/ I
(76)
- W. {; ~& g; |) @+ M散包' p" Q0 w; t' `! V) m1 w8 B
not properly packed
9 `9 n/ y& A) A( ` t8 i(77)
3 a: v6 `" ^6 v- U0 O变形
0 x: C3 }9 n1 {2 o9 |" Z" U6 Onot properly sealed f).engine ignition plug发动机点火电嘴 *烧蚀 ablate0 H9 K+ L2 N' Q. F
这个词要比burnt等贴切。比如说被烧蚀,可以说:To become ablated;或 undergo ablation。 4.general defect terms% y' h; M/ D1 l0 f. T
一般性缺陷术语 + K5 p8 v( o* w& \$ d/ c
(78)脏/ G6 H% j* p0 E- \7 w6 Y# a$ h
dirty # h9 P, U7 m4 m8 `& x6 L! |
(79)陈旧
$ ?! K4 [( Z2 L0 b5 k; G; N rworn , A! r' V) q- ^. f
(80)断裂
/ y3 l" p2 C/ O+ cfracture n.破裂, 骨折v.(使)破碎, (使)破裂
8 l0 ^& i% u, { m. B5 P! B7 g(81)磨损4 @; u7 W/ ^* ? Y) W1 H
chafe; {% G2 X* |( f! P3 C& ~& V2 \
4 S G* f2 V9 ~4 T(82)超标8 t& K" y9 T" ` z+ A
exceed-the-limit ~" g! D5 \2 V4 J4 m2 ?, |% |) {% _
(83)丢失
& ^$ x) G2 K& Y9 i4 Fmissing ( x) P& e8 r! |- v0 X5 q0 Q
(84)腐蚀" M4 }. |) K) {# Y' j/ v- k# F3 W
corrode
7 W; R% U H( I(85)裂纹9 z5 `4 f7 X, u& h
crack: |( F# |) U" |9 X
如9 8 R) U( s& ~: m9 _1 R
(86)空行程/无效行程+ A4 A! C9 `7 N/ f6 W
backlash
' x" S; l, R& h* M名词 (火器扳机的)无效行程 & C$ a! G# T: ]0 j, d
(87)卡阻/阻塞% X2 T, N5 r7 l- B
block ' h" n$ f8 K8 }. O
(88)鼓起
6 [2 M. ~7 d# Y6 d7 t3 Ubulge 5 g, w8 m' G3 O9 `
(89)污染1 m% L! x% E( t8 V. `7 J2 }& A
contaminate
7 [6 m# F( P, \9 w B
7 n+ `( y5 _) n( ]; V(90)不一致- E) e% T3 ^5 C8 X
) z1 H2 j9 V* W1 x- f5 w1 x0 t7 U. Ydisagree 3 a& J, t! ^" i
(91)(电池/气瓶)被释放discharge 0 Z ^" q7 B) R. ?
(92)$ ], l) B8 u- T% J
装错: k% | B# j# B7 n; ]' p6 Z
dislocate & Q0 m; ?0 T* p# S" i- W
(93)" m* w7 v! V5 p* H. ?) R2 |
失效
: _6 G4 s, H/ W8 n5 A1 [fail
. m% V$ L# o- K6 ?# F* p) W1 ^(94)摆动
5 j3 f) R3 A+ j) tfluctuate
; r$ u* q% B4 N" R; O(95)抖动7 ^) Z0 n: W6 @, Y# w) y' }0 N
flutter
' F* ~' a( a3 B(96)不够/不足. H0 D; {4 M6 p" D4 g* m
insufficient * g( k- z' U3 S: f& ]
(97)不工作1 v: }1 U& q+ T+ N4 r$ e
inoperative即我们常说的INOP。 9 w* f) ?0 I9 _& G- N
(98)(不)亮
, n0 b: h/ w" `2 x1 ~' J+ M(not) illuminate 6 C( E. N8 J- F; L7 _3 {5 q
(99)干扰
8 R2 `% L6 ?! R4 Z( C' e/ ginterfere + Q9 l7 `0 B) D; m( D
(100)扭结/缠结7 [" ~0 J3 E/ k8 ^
kink
# K( ~9 P- Q p0 \0 H: ]% l,% n# P* ~& [' K
twist / `" e. |8 R! Z, a9 p
(101)走向错误% J3 G& s+ g& M, W
misrouted / ?8 T: w+ w. {: \% A, Y9 V
(102)漏装
0 r* o l8 T0 L) |5 T0 N% U1 Z6 n$ X( fnot installed ) R4 @6 M& h j- x* O
(103)相磨% s& A( k4 f" Q* s
rubbing + L4 u P& @) D2 e
(104)干涩/缺乏润滑
' `/ u K( ]; j8 I# Zun-lubricated / ^! [/ A7 Z; k/ p5 S4 J T
(105)不能复位
( k4 M# X( { A( e1 D! v4 b6 v& h4 T" v* L8 u
will-not-reset |