1. Common Structure Defects 结构缺陷 (1)凹坑dent
) V6 Z- X+ j7 E+ I( m% ~4 tn.凹, 凹痕, (齿轮的)齿, 弱点v.使凹下, 凹进, 削弱 (2)凹槽notch
0 {% M" K7 F/ c# x5 B7 Z ^n. 槽口, 凹口vt.刻凹痕, , 开槽, 切口 (3)变形deform, J2 S1 Q) _+ h# C! P2 x
v.(使)变形 (4)划痕1 Y" I0 i" T F
nick 2 J7 i5 `5 v4 k% A& d
n.刻痕, 缺口vt.刻痕于 (5)点腐蚀pitting 蚀损斑, 氢气泡疤 (6)断裂broken
2 E& u+ t; Z/ O0 [# Cadj.坏掉的, 患病的, 被制服的, 断掉的 (7)腐蚀; j1 Z" N+ O% _% A9 e; N! C
corrode
/ @% I N! |/ F. D4 k5 dv.使腐蚀, 侵蚀 (8)划伤
, V2 X8 p# c- O! U( |scratch
! b* v" v) r$ r9 p/ en. 抓痕, 擦伤vt.乱涂, 勾抹掉, 擦, 刮, 搔, 抓 (9)裂纹
7 N( R( j$ w9 C/ @9 _( i! Acrack8 B [! H% M- |
n.裂缝, 噼啪声v.(使)破裂, 裂纹 (10)毛刺butt
) X7 _) m) v" g2 d3 u0 T- K& [n.粗大的一端, 靶垛v.以头抵撞, 碰撞 (11)磨损chafe+ j4 z: o% O2 |' w* z# L8 v6 V, N
v.(将皮肤等)擦热, 擦破, 使恼火 (12)凸起protrude v.突出,凸起 (13)凹陷sag4 M& [ ]& K" k* d' p- o
v.松弛, 下陷, 下垂,漂流n.下垂, 下陷, (14)粗糙rough
( y( Y9 k4 R9 wadj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的,粗暴的, 粗略叙述的 (15)漆层剥落finish missing% l' W# Y3 w% x1 Q
finish是指最后一道漆层。 (16)褪色fade1 g6 m" j0 k; |1 ]* g
vi.声音减弱,褪色, 消失, vt.使褪色n.淡入, 淡出 (17)积水
7 c. w7 F A) [9 C+ uentrapped water 2.材料缺陷 ; u) f& T" \- u& Z' ~
1)metallic defect: 金属材料缺陷 (18)氧化% q& u4 |' p2 o
oxidize+ o2 j2 g( r8 f4 d, m* F6 b+ B7 Z
v.(使)氧化
& H: y, R0 ~+ ?' x7 H7 U9 I(19)划伤. V7 d& y. d8 m% F, E7 L( z1 \
scratch3 i8 A9 a. ?! G% ^8 L
如1.8
, A. X; r. f$ W, ]2 _, f(20)扭曲
. _- G, y+ U6 L) P4 M4 I* v0 Ldistort
* M8 C4 I1 L5 ?# s! j- y: h- M9 Svt.弄歪(嘴脸等), 扭曲, 歪曲真理、误报
[7 \* d5 ]" Y1 n: B1 L; \(21)跷起
5 j1 z4 q, e+ R' j$ I8 ynot in contour(轮廓)
# a8 W6 m/ r7 p( |: }4 C( z(22)穿孔" Q$ m1 ]3 ?8 J8 d
puncture n.小孔v.刺破 5 W5 j4 y; G4 T; c0 f3 C1 X |
(23)碎屑
$ n4 D A) a* k* C9 e# r. g$ fchip 碎屑,芯片 ! [1 h8 R, K- B; j1 l
(24)腐蚀
3 h4 L# T; Z) Q" m! {+ e. Fcorrode 如7
1 t6 p4 B1 }5 z5 h(25)磨损( E6 l/ ^ e4 Q! B0 k0 U3 d
chafe
. @4 Z2 r+ N& B! ^) o- Z; [6 S如11 (26)变形
& D1 m1 k' m' w2 D# B' U1 vdeform
- W3 _& J- {+ f: u, Vv.(使)变形 (27)风蚀/风化/ v0 O& A' S* E' N
erode vt.侵蚀, 腐蚀vi.受腐蚀, 逐渐消蚀掉 (28)裂纹8 E; E3 |) ]6 u4 Z9 o
crack 6 I% Q' P, s1 o9 H8 v) a
如9
v! r; b: E1 [1 j4 s2)非金属材料缺陷:
$ G' [3 M8 N7 T: i0 {& K1 E(29)发霉. _9 p, h6 s- x5 i) U: ]
mildewn. vi.发霉, 生霉vt.使发霉 (30)分层
* p# w: ~/ i2 [) z2 {& rdelaminate v.将...分层, 分成细层 (31)风蚀/风化 x1 s, P# |5 `8 V ~8 |, k6 r
erode. D+ y: ]: x) ~
如27 (32)裂纹
t2 T1 T& q7 k; Z! S: @3 @! ycrack. d2 ?. P1 _+ Y, t9 V
如9 (33)老化
1 M7 }- | e$ N5 j4 i0 Qdeteriorate! _5 h8 O8 z& F2 M
v.(使)恶化 (34)起皱" P$ h( |1 P; R! R
wrinkle/ G3 R4 s5 k9 D5 C% n. w0 T
n.皱纹v.使皱 (35)受潮3 Y0 q8 A+ F0 w) {) o) I6 v7 Z/ a
saturated adj.渗透的, 饱和的, 深颜色的 (36)撕裂+ H! A$ v( o- h$ H* l
tear" z& L* q2 t0 K8 o( M- c3 c
过去式tore
2 K# }" y1 \+ ~* b0 `' K0 q/ u; d过去分词5 A, W; W: e' j! }7 B: x @( b& d
torn (37)穿孔
6 y- G6 o u# O1 K+ ?) ~puncture5 u# o" x( j" }+ _. ^ b
如22 (38)变色& }/ c3 p- ~1 L. ], ]3 ?
fade vi.声音减弱, 褪色, 消失vt.使褪色 (39)陈旧- o* _) z8 `" C( d
worn adj.用旧的, 疲倦的vbl. wear的过去分词 (40)脱胶# j U2 X, D# _9 n- [7 P+ N
not adhered
0 }9 O( q0 V- Z6 U/ G& K6 y0 x9 k7 Z; z
adhere vi.粘附, 胶着, 坚持v.坚持 3.
& i5 X# k7 |6 ]; r设备及零部件缺陷 1) Plumbing defect2 u9 k5 ]% _' J. \9 K* z
管路缺陷 (41)凹坑
; T$ x! A4 n+ ^& P5 J7 Ldent
4 M. b) T) u1 d* A! V6 h8 \如1 (42)爆裂
6 E5 R/ g3 L4 O3 I; Kburst (43)擦伤
7 N. y/ B' C+ j, Y$ Gchafe
, I2 I( k" C+ b2 R% B8 y$ x如11 (44)滑丝- }/ T5 J% V* A9 j* ]/ B
% x9 ~; h* t/ D3 \3 Ucross thread或thread damaged (45)扭曲: D! B/ W" [3 C% w a- E
twist (46)渗漏
' U* W! z7 X3 O5 K- zleak' S$ r4 u( g5 v1 ]9 H
名词 leakage (47)堵塞
- b6 a9 [2 ~+ v- T' L% Mobstruct v.阻隔, 阻塞, 遮断n.阻碍物, 障碍物 2) Wiring defect 线路缺陷 (48)腐蚀" v- l7 O. T# z2 I1 ]$ M* \+ K9 u
corrode
- ^, J8 Y1 H2 Y9 L, G* V如7 (49)磨损
4 P, C# y5 Y- t$ O, _8 s ochafe3 Y0 C: s7 R, j5 D
如11 (50)相碰( l0 N5 S- ]4 W1 ^9 Y5 a+ D
contact (51)断丝- c9 u* \ b& |" K3 P, V# c8 D6 W
fray n.冲突, (织物等)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (52)熔断- E3 [# o: i# h& y: v4 c+ e
fused ( O+ z8 f7 c+ B# X0 W
adj.装有保险丝的。熔融的。 (53)弯曲" h+ ^9 w* r6 |
bend
0 K6 a7 n3 q" X7 Q* q* v! l- p过去分词、被动语态 bent 3) Mechanical linkage defect0 S3 @4 ~: l P" X" p/ A
传动机构缺陷(包括保险丝) (54)断丝5 C5 Z' \9 V. \6 c5 Z
fray n.冲突, (织物)磨损处vt.使磨损vi.被磨损 (55)松弛3 h m) [0 ~8 }; K
slack adj.松弛的vt.使松弛,使减慢vi.松驰 (56)扭结5 Q2 \% e8 {9 [
twist (57)磨损
' I! q& U/ ~+ ]8 [& s! Achafe6 E; x6 I" f- g* Q3 y+ ~
如11 (58)脱开$ W& _/ x/ f& ?, k% H% l
disconnect 4) Fastener defect
. H8 j2 B ?. a5 _2 w; o紧固件缺陷
1 Z! s% t; f0 n+ ^# y(59)
; g3 i4 n8 M, A) _) i丢失
Y/ k# x) C1 d+ ]missing
, d8 v9 S3 u0 a1 v6 X(60)
( |! u' W" w7 t: I! ~: v D2 L. T松动/松脱: W) Z; B4 Q$ O ]7 v
loose
# |: w) l3 _' m+ X; u5 q(61)
! E" U) u/ j4 H& G2 r4 K腐蚀
& C8 G5 W3 t; o* B5 [; lcorrode. E' ?0 R) W- f3 h
如7 ; s8 {; z& d M4 V1 s; R8 z+ U
(62)* g4 Z- U5 G1 N
磨损) o% L# M6 V# W% m, |- m! T: z
chafe
0 ^- H# s% D# q. A+ {如11
2 t: }# U6 J( f(63)未关(扣)紧 not secure , not secured 5) Miscellaneous
8 g3 ~7 C% y1 e0 i4 P其他类 6 n0 C0 t8 v4 u9 Z& ~
a). Sealant5 W; z, |, [/ W) E8 p
封严 : c* g# I* j @4 h' B
(64)脱胶2 w3 F, B6 H) p/ ^4 W
adhere # b2 `/ k2 F* k8 T
(65)老化; j, Z. n3 Q" ~8 T6 T! u x6 ?
deteriorate 7 H% J' E! n$ {9 U
(66)不均匀
. j6 O! ^5 z2 k6 |% }: P& C$ h' Linconsistent adj.不一致的, 不协调的, 矛盾的
/ W' J$ G4 H2 M% d& Ab). Wheel Assembly! y8 O: J2 f: D/ a2 E' R
轮胎
' B8 x, W5 T; {: r* T! ]4 J(67)见线
4 S8 z" x* i7 R6 h! `+ Jexposed cords
6 S+ }$ I7 _& Q1 Z, k0 T6 E(68)磨平) E7 B5 M* f5 b7 z3 ]
bald ( g2 Y1 M% W' q. P- `1 l
adj.光秃的, 单调的, 枯燥的
7 }6 }$ z! K* [' J; {& h9 b(69)扎伤
& {- L- p, Y O+ u( n/ Y" [puncture 4 F8 T# _+ x2 @ O
n.小孔v.刺破
9 l8 z2 a% B' S6 r! e) j0 B3 _(70)气压不足; o8 u% V+ w) O* ~) S. {
insufficient-air-pressure
/ H4 O; _$ F: F3 I. ]" mc). Life Limited Parts# f* t+ i5 Y8 j; P: S, `
时寿件 M* l* m" `7 k+ X
(71)过期
+ W5 N* R) I/ a6 W( [expire v.期满, 终止, 呼气, 断气, 届满
8 N& s0 Y0 ~: x& N) P K7 j! B7 a' md). Placard and Marking
. ]. d% P& [9 R标牌/标识 / U3 N. f0 m# z- f
(72)模糊的, g: ~$ q$ a' ?! A
illegible 2 V, }0 J* T X+ I5 q+ s1 b, z
# B# l8 S$ U r3 @0 j5 z& D% x$ r(73)缺损
* ]. L) q8 B) F8 h3 W0 Q5 j$ g' M* udamage 3 i* V) \: s/ ]0 Z
(74)丢失4 X" @. x# Y& [+ ^" E" J
missing (75)翘起
, H6 s, v4 _; _; _0 \2 ]' D1 `lifting e). Slide/life Vest
, V; z. N, M. c% Q, p滑梯/救生衣
2 L; \; X( Z" ^! [(76)! N/ V9 q z, u% }" y& \
散包; P% D( e# l' {( J Q
not properly packed
# t4 j! V0 |) J9 @(77)& ] r' }5 T. Q& G W T
变形
* p g+ N/ n W1 U$ inot properly sealed f).engine ignition plug发动机点火电嘴 *烧蚀 ablate
6 U6 `; w' q6 m这个词要比burnt等贴切。比如说被烧蚀,可以说:To become ablated;或 undergo ablation。 4.general defect terms9 k( ]. u- u# k2 D2 C9 ?- v
一般性缺陷术语
" M; q9 |- w% q. P6 q5 ~(78)脏
8 K" c: ^9 ], N, e" y" k" j# _. y+ Ndirty . W9 I8 C, t" \0 G+ @; T8 p- ?
(79)陈旧
: {* O: p1 P5 c/ c: m( ]worn # J U' }/ o# n, S6 \& s1 {/ ^0 D. L
(80)断裂
: f* r& A; K0 ~3 E3 Y( l, tfracture n.破裂, 骨折v.(使)破碎, (使)破裂
+ R: `8 G# W# _" Q(81)磨损
2 X4 j; S2 c& c- O) W1 }" jchafe6 T! h; G9 e6 j5 d
; _: b+ |; g- m(82)超标
; O# [. t7 j4 j7 }8 \/ C) oexceed-the-limit ' ]! V, ~4 M" \7 m
(83)丢失 P3 P* g+ |# o3 C5 j ?; |
missing
! A) d! |! x2 T) r+ X5 d(84)腐蚀/ J- ^8 b+ K3 N" ]
corrode
$ b; B% {! W* @$ c8 k8 U(85)裂纹1 h3 Z# H! K/ C L B. D% a# z
crack
y* \/ U3 X6 \0 V/ k/ b如9 . v" ?3 N3 ?. K8 F4 L
(86)空行程/无效行程
7 n: R- k3 B: D8 Y# Gbacklash- n' h7 x% t2 V6 S
名词 (火器扳机的)无效行程
+ l) i; o: t2 B; K& g(87)卡阻/阻塞
" b" b5 }0 `, z% ^4 {block
0 `& s$ ]) u% G3 Z(88)鼓起8 Y& B9 e' C+ U9 D; L: \) s
bulge
1 f* b! G6 J8 x- {' `(89)污染) K! ` E$ x% [ A% X6 [ t; W
contaminate
2 N/ x ~9 a7 j% b( b1 J! c & e/ K0 l g- I) O! ]# ~( q! D
(90)不一致, q0 r8 l' I$ | D( v/ C
8 N8 R$ @ q/ B0 G: Ydisagree & ~4 ~: f& T4 B4 K" z6 g
(91)(电池/气瓶)被释放discharge ( [/ o# u2 U u0 F8 ]
(92)) U5 T" r/ l i
装错: M: @3 Z% @$ p2 o: g/ e
dislocate
1 E2 X0 k9 Z$ w5 }$ `7 C1 [6 _5 p(93)! G, g7 m( F0 Z! d4 l% u
失效9 R: w/ K# v1 M# \( T! G
fail
u- Y9 U" `, Q0 c(94)摆动6 s) m' L! t0 |/ ~! j
fluctuate 1 j7 S* f4 ?' Y5 Q* A
(95)抖动
. N: @9 v5 L8 W% E4 Fflutter
2 c. } a, m1 Z2 ](96)不够/不足) i$ O7 X$ C) C2 ~$ Y. |: B
insufficient
: `9 O( e2 t5 d/ j+ q(97)不工作( v( _( y5 ]4 o3 q
inoperative即我们常说的INOP。
! D8 C5 X$ R7 H" C4 `* ] Z' L(98)(不)亮
' j7 F- u! Y# K(not) illuminate * [' j9 R' B9 h5 L
(99)干扰& l3 e( k0 T$ H$ R6 Q) ^3 ] v+ i
interfere # [& r, W9 y- `& S3 `
(100)扭结/缠结: y# g% v# s6 k; ~/ c* v! r
kink
8 n# H! w# {% {' q1 o' s,) a. Q* v3 p4 V9 I/ E, j
twist
$ X/ D4 q# y& [- y; i(101)走向错误8 A, E' Q3 `; z. L/ @) o) \
misrouted
8 e ] G9 W' n4 j. c(102)漏装
G. t& a5 \) |4 v' hnot installed
$ C& [' P Y( u" d6 S(103)相磨
$ G! s6 q1 ` E7 d' ~; Qrubbing - j1 \8 F" b$ b7 i. ^; Z5 g
(104)干涩/缺乏润滑
& T3 `! q0 ~# o$ ?un-lubricated
! g s* v$ I+ R& n5 [( V(105)不能复位+ m6 t: ~% r1 J( l, Q3 W
; V$ O/ D$ P b# l) n/ D. D
will-not-reset |