Steep Descending Turns Mass Brief

航空

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航空

Steep Descending Turns
Mass Brief
Aim
• To understand the principles and
considerations involved in descending an
aircraft at 45° AoB, maintaining balance
and airspeed.
Application
• Control coordination exercise
• Height loss manoeuvre within a confined
space
• Evasive manoeuvre
Overview
• Revision
• Definitions
• Principles
– Forces
• Considerations
– Overbanking/underbanking
– Load factor
• Air Exercise
• Airmanship
• Review
Revision
• Forces in a Steep Turn
60°
Revision
• Forces in a glide
θ 
L
W
D
Principles
• The combination of both a turn and
descent produces a highly tilted lift vector
• This means the vertical component of lift
will be very small
• Resulting in a high ROD and high turn rate
• Back pressure will be required to maintain
speed
Considerations
• Overbanking tendency
L
R
Considerations
• Underbanking tendency
Outer Wing
Horizontal Distance Travelled
Loss of
Altitude
Inner Wing
L
Larger Angle L
of Attack
Considerations
Load Factor and Stall Speed
• Load factor and stall speed increases
therefore fly faster (80kts) to maintain a
safe buffer over the stall.
V V LF New StallSpeed S  
CosAoB
LF  1
Weight
Load Factor  Lift
Considerations
• Limited bank angle (not in excess of 45°
Angle of Bank)
• Aim for a speed of 80 KIAS
• Rate of Descent 1000 Ft/min
Air Exercise
Pre-Entry
• Trim for glide attitude
• Select a reference point
• Lookout
Entry
• Roll into steep descending turns, as you
would into a steep turn (B B B) except
that, you lower the nose for 80 KIAS and
apply firm back pressure.
Air Exercise
During
• ALAP
Exit
• BBB
Same as steep turn resuming glide attitude.
Airmanship
• Lookout
• Smooth but positive aircraft handling
• Correct Handover/Takeover procedure
• Aircraft within operating limitations
• Coordinated turns
• Awareness of spiral dive symptoms and
prompt recovery if necessary
Review
• Highly tilted Lift vector
• Overbanking / underbanking tendancy
• Load Factor

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