aviation terms

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0FUELWT Zero (0) Fuel Weight. 360, 540 AND OTHER NUMBERS Degrees in arc. 360 signifies one full turn through an axis. A 360 turn is a flat turn; where the aircraft does not roll its wings but instead just sl... 8 t) c1 B8 U; P# U3D Flight pattern noted by performance of particular aerobatics below an airplane. / F( a# z+ ^0 y$ r9 }( Y3F Informal reference for flip flop flying. Similar to 3D, except not as smooth. , d0 M9 f" l8 ?; {, pA Aircraft (JAR - FCL License) A/C Air conditioner Unit A/G Aircraft. Air Craft 8 Y+ |4 v2 M$ A" K+ _A/T Automatic throttle. 0 j8 ]$ p5 \# R( y8 ^AAIM Aircraft Autonomous Integrity Monitor ! J# b1 m* A' u) Y- j$ rABAS Aircraft Based Augmenting System. 7 O% u& M6 T$ ?- OABC Aluminum-Brass-Chrome. Three main components used in the production of engines that do not have rings. Engines with aluminum piston, chrome or nickel ... ' ^: i. V0 c+ p u* FABL Advanced Bimetallic Liner. A Specialized form of ABN. Instead of a single-material plating,single-step, the ABL Plating process is based on a layered ... ABN Aluminum-Brass-Nickel. The components used in the production of non-ringed engines. These engines use an aluminum piston, and a nickel plated brass sl... 5 n; [; w) ]! Z4 E1 p) Y; v) iABOVE GROUND LEVEL (AGL). Distance between the aircraft and the ground Synonyms: radar altitude; ABSOLUTE Fixed reference, as opposed to moving reference. + j* ?, s' t1 [6 D; O. tAC Advisory circular ACARS Airline Communication and Reporting System. 9 {9 w$ w0 N" F- z5 S6 O

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ACAS Airborne Collision Avoidance System ACC Area Control Center. ; ~+ j5 U% b% P8 v( ?" z# S6 YACCELARATION Rate of change of velocity, either scalar or vector, often with subscripts such as ENU or XYZ to denote the coordinate frame; time derivative of veloc... ! S4 @6 k& W. g% j" M2 PACCELERATION EAST Aircraft acceleration in true east direction; Symbols: A sub E; Typical Units: ft/s-squared; Dimensions: Length / Time-squared; ; R8 e" F$ L) n+ ^ACCELERATION NORTH Aircraft acceleration in true north direction; Symbols: A sub N; Typical Units: ft/s-squared; Dimensions: Length / Time-squared; # \ m3 x+ v" W+ f; f! F' r: vACCELEROMETER An inertial device for measuring acceleration, usually in three orthogonal axes (lateral X, longitudinal Y, and vertical Z); accelerometers usually co... & P) ~4 E ^) X. K% c" g( {. i/ XACCEPT To allow to proceed, for example with a position update, usually by an operator; Compare: reject ACCIDENT Occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight... ACCURACY Measure of exactness, possibly expressed in percent; Compare: precision ' l! v: s& O$ f- mACG ATM/CNS Consulting Group (Euro control) % o3 v0 T1 I' @: w) U6 Z8 sACI Airport Council International ACQUIRE To begin reception of useful data ACT active, activated, activation message

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ACTIVATE To begin performing a mission objective, such as flying along a radial of a radio station; usually refers to a mode of radio navigation, such flying a... [ x% L8 g3 X0 D$ SAD Directive; Maintenance or modification ordered by FAA. : O! G u& p6 A. gADB Aerodrome * w+ X' F' f4 `ADC Air Data Computer ADCUS Advise customs ADD Architecture Description Document 7 b1 [& V; X) ~/ B1 u) oADDR Air data computer 6 C: _- o* E. i; f5 ^5 xADF Automatic Direction Finder ADI Attitude direction indicator # i3 |. _% W- o: sADIZ Automatic Direction Finder ADLP Airborne Data Link Processor S8 q+ Q0 K: D u% A3 ]ADMINISTRATOR means the Federal Aviation Administrator or any person to whom he has delegated his authority in the matter concerned ADS Automatic dependent surveillance ADS-A Automatic Dependent Surveillance ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast 3 E$ P7 W% K6 m8 V% kADS-C Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract + U! K7 o2 D Z) p0 C3 K5 jADVERSE YAW Yaw generated when the ailerons are used. The lifting wing generates more drag, causing the plane to yaw toward it. ADVISORY Automatic Direction Finding 8 o$ C) g4 A- RAEA Association of European Airlines . x4 `; y: \9 @; f2 @AECMA Association of European Aerospace Industries

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AEROBATICS Acrobatic or stunt maneuvers in the air such as loops, rolls, and others. AERODYNAMIC COEFFICENTS means non-dimensional coefficients for aerodynamic forces and moments AES Aircraft Earth station AFB Air Force Base AFCS Automatic flight control system AFD Adaptive flight displays AFDS Autopilot flight director system AFIS Automated flight information system (AlliedSignal) ; W' j7 W3 b9 `0 PAFM Airplane Flight Manual / M' V5 v: r" I- R0 SAFT Towards the rear. Used such as: "...with an aft center of gravity...." 8 E+ r9 C$ K+ EAFTER RUN OIL A lubricant designed to displace unburned fuel in the engine after running. The fuel can accelerate corrosion on some engine parts. By using an after ... ' u2 Y: M+ b5 k& uAFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network AGA Aerodromes and Ground Aids (AIP) / @2 g8 |, Q' C( S; w" p& U: I9 ZAGATE Advanced General Aviation Transport Experiments (NASA) 4 x' Z& \0 i% A4 R! A" V# G/ O" WAGDL Air-Ground Data Link

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AGL Above Ground Level. Used in reference to altitude, e.g. 5000 ft AGL. See also MSL. ! |) A5 R5 q1 n6 b7 |AGLO Above Ground Level AGR Automatic flight control Sys. $ U* \. w8 e0 F+ t2 |1 DAGR SLANT RANGE Straight-line distance from the aircraft to a point on the ground; AHOV Approach to hover " w0 W# N) Z8 [6 zAHRS Attitude-heading reference system. : A; I+ l8 \/ D3 b6 sAI Altitude indicator - _# f$ f; c* |7 qAIC Aeronautical Information Circular ! N$ r9 \: z5 y, YAIDING A process by which one or more sensors provide data to another sensor to produce results better than any single sensor; aiding occurs at the data sour... AILERON A control surface on fixed-wing aircraft, usually mounted on the aft edge of wings, that controls roll, and is controlled by the wheel; Symbols: delta... ) f `; h0 ~" L; b8 v. fAILERONS Hinged control surfaces on usually the wing which can change the wing`s lifting properties. Often located near the tips. Used to bank the aircraft. Th... AIM ATFM Information Message

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AIM (AIRMANS` INFORMATION MANUAL) A primary FAA publication whose purpose is to instruct airmen about operating in the US airspace system. AIP Aeronautical Information Publication AIR CARRIER Person who undertakes directly, by lease, or other arrangement, to engage in air transportation. AIR DATA Values computed from pitot, static and temperature measurements, usually by means of a digital computer; ARINC 575 defines outputs. 5 y, V5 F2 v/ q5 C' q( v3 wAIR DATA COMPUTER (ADC) A primary navigation data source. A navigation sensor based on atmospheric data sensors; usually measures static pressure, dynamic pressure, and outsi... AIR DATA DEAD RECKONING (ADDR) Dead reckoning navigation based on simple instruments as source (barometric altimeter, magnetic compass, airspeed indicator, known wind conditions); s... * [: k2 g q, h+ ZAIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE(ADIZ) The area of airspace over land or water, extending upward from the surface, within which the ready identification, the location, and the control of ai... AIR GROUND RANGING (AGR) Straight-line distance from the aircraft to a point on the ground; & D! X# ?! l EAIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTER(ARTCC) OR CENTER Facility established to provide air traffic control service to aircraft operating on IFR flight plans within controlled airspace and principally durin... : ]- H, F: n5 h2 [+ F3 PAIR TAXI An aircraft operator who conducts operations for hire or compensation in accordance with FAR Part 135 in an aircraft with 30 or fewer passenger seats ... AIR TRAFFIC means aircraft operating in the air or on an airport surface, exclusive of loading ramps and parking areas AIR TRAFFIC CLEARANCE means an authorization by air traffic control, for the purpose of preventing collision between known aircraft, for an aircraft to proceed under specif...

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AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL means a service operated by appropriate authority to promote the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of air traffic : r- b! ] C9 g; u' J% B) @8 \AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL (ATC) A service operated by the appropriate authority to promote the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of air traffic. $ m6 E9 s9 k6 o; J) wAIR TRAFFIC CONTROL (ATC). Standard aviation term AIR TRANSPORTATION means interstate, overseas, or foreign air transportation or the transportation of mail by aircraft. Alert Area. An alert area is established to infor... AIR-MASS FLIGHT PATH ANGLE Angle in vertical plane of earth speed vector and groundspeed vector; occasional definition for flight path angle; Compare: earth-referenced flight pa... AIRAC Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control AIRBORNE GROCER A device for barrage-jamming of Wurzburgs. Extremely vulnerable to being homed onto. - k W9 X: B8 b+ S0 B0 T7 l/ WAIRCRAFT means a device that is used or intended to be used for flight in the air " G8 Z! b- o$ r: c* z3 ?. V& _AIRCRAFT (AC) A craft that flies in the air; either fixed or rotary wing. 6 G- x* J$ b( @3 z2 a) b5 q- y- FAIRCRAFT ENGING means an engine that is used or intended to be used for propelling aircraft. It includes turbo superchargers, appurtenances, and accessories necessary... AIRFOIL The shape of the wing when looking at its profile. Usually a raindrop type shape. * ~' U* S+ {, r( G* hAIRFRAME means the fuselage, booms, nacelles, cowlings, fairings, airfoil surfaces (including rotors but excluding propellers and rotating airfoils of engines)... AIRPLANE means an engine-driven fixed-wing aircraft heavier than air, that is supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of the air against its wings AIRPORT An area on land or water that is used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft and includes its buildings and facilities, if any... AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER(ATCT) A terminal facility that uses air/ground communications, visual signaling, and other devices to provide ATC services to aircraft operating in the vici... AIRSHIP means an engine-driven lighter-than-air aircraft that can be steered

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AIRSPEED The speed of an aircraft relative to its surrounding air mass. See: calibrated airspeed; indicated airspeed; true airspeed. 6 s* }4 y* k2 h3 h; D; JAIRSPEED (AS, A/S) See Also: state data, true airspeed, indicated airspeed, calibrated airspeed; Symbols: V sub A/S; Typical Units: kt, ft/s; Dimensions: Length / Time; AIRSPEED INDICATOR An onboard instrument which registers velocity through the air, in miles per hour or in knots. AIRY A standard model for computing earth data AIS Aeronautical Information Service ALIGHNMENT A basic control to a data source from controls and displays to align a device. Also a procedure to align physical devices, usually navigation sensors,... ( I ^* j; a7 k; o0 ~ALL-WEATHER FIGHTER/INTERCEPTOR -equipped jet fighter airplane which can operate at night or in the worst weather. ALS approach light system. ALT Altitude * c7 o) [8 a5 W9 N$ q1 U& ~9 g. N0 MALTERNATE AIRPORT means an airport at which an aircraft may land if a landing at the intended airport becomes inadvisable $ m' t/ S, D" k4 z2 E+ Z+ oALTIDUTE GAIN (KALTINT) A guidance control law parameter, generated by the vertical guidance modes; varies control authority of the altitude integral in vertical guidance, to... ALTIMETER An onboard instrument which senses air pressure in order to gauge altitude. 7 F p5 v5 a& ^ALTIMETER SETTING The barometric pressure reading used to adjust a pressure altimeter for variations in existing atmospheric pressure or to the standard altimeter setti... ) H: H8 q# Q) \" @) A4 j: a. ~7 d/ VALTINTVAL Altitude integral input

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ALTITUDE Height, usually with respect to the terrain below (radar altitude, feet above closest dirt) or fixed earth reference (barometric altitude, feet above ... + S+ i- R: f! e% dALTITUDE ENGINE means a reciprocating aircraft engine having a rated takeoff power that is producible from sea level to an established higher altitude . B, t& A, Q+ \0 M0 t0 UALTITUDE ERROR A basic output from guidance to flight director, indicating the difference between actual altitude and desired altitude; Symbols: DELTA h; Typical Uni... ALTITUDE ERROR SCALE FACTOR(KZSF) A guidance control law parameter, generated by the vertical guidance modes; varies control authority of vertical guidance ALTITUDE INTEGRAL INPUT (ALTINTVAL). A guidance control law parameter, generated by the vertical guidance modes; a reference altitude for reducing steady-state errors in altitude error Ty... ALTITUDE INTEGRAL LIMIT (INTMAGLIM). A guidance control law parameter, generated by the vertical guidance modes; limits the magnitude of altitude integral value Typical Units: ft; Dimensi... ALTN Alternate ALTP Airline Transport Pilot`s License) - ?6 c9 W5 N( H1 L$ g# Q1 mAM Amplitude modulation 6 e6 S7 o) g1 p" h# |AMC Acceptable Means of Compliance AME Aviation Medical Examiner (U.S.) $ o( f' E* q; IAMIE AIS Met Information Equipment (Swiss Computer Self Briefing System) AMLCD Active-matrix liquid crystal display.

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AMPHIBIAN An aircraft that can fly off of water or land. The wheels retract into the hull or floats, depending upon the type of aircraft. An amphibian can land ... AMS Aero Medical Services : u8 B; k# I2 Y; w9 {AMSL Above mean sea level ANGEL OF ATTACK The difference between pitch and the air-referenced flight path angle; the angle between the aircraft center line and the airspeed vector in the verti... ~2 t: k b5 B3 H( R3 CANGEL OF ATTACK (AOA) The angle between the chord line of the wing of an aircraft and the relative wind. ANGLE OF ATTACK The angle that the wing penetrates the air. As the angle of attack increases so does lift, up to a point (and drag). ANGULAR ACCELERATION Rate of change of angular velocity, either scalar or vector, often with subscripts such as XYZ to denote the coordinate frame; time derivative of angu... . ] F. r2 L% {* W; CANGULAR POSITION Amount of rotation about an axis, either scalar or vector, often with subscripts such as XYZ to denote the coordinate frame; time integral of angular ... 8 J: @) _- U! @ X2 ]* ^ANGULAR VELOCITY Rate of change of rotation about an axis, either scalar or vector, often with subscripts such as XYZ to denote the coordinate frame; time derivative o... ANM ATFM Notification Message ANNUAL Mandatory inspection of airframe and power plant that occurs every 12 months. ANNUNCIATOR Any one of warning, caution, or advisory; Synonyms: alert; * S8 x" _( p5 Z+ p$ V u0 FANR Air Navigation Routes 1 u* p' D/ y n- K& H _ANS Active Noise System