aviation terms

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FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM (FCS) A primary flight control system or an automatic flight control system; FLIGHT DATA RECORDER (FDR) An electronic device that records aircraft maneuvers. Used in accident investigations. . `) B# p/ N* j" Q" h- ZFLIGHT DIRECTOR System, usually software, that generates stick position cues from state errors - typically three cues:. pitch, roll, and throttle for fixed-wing and l... FLIGHT LEVEL (FL) A level of constant atmospheric pressure related to a reference datum of 29.92 inches of mercury. Each is stated in three digits that represent hundre... % D1 s: M- s* a2 E) }( `FLIGHT PACK OR AIRBORNE PACK All of the radio equipment installed in the airplane, i.e., Receiver, Servos, Battery, Switch harness. 8 E- m+ k4 Z4 ~) WFLIGHT PHONE Air-to-ground telephone system. 8 E$ u' J) G! l+ q% {5 dFLIGHT PLAN Specified information relating to the intended flight of an aircraft that is filed orally or in writing with an FSS or an ATC facility. # h# U8 O7 A( u2 s1 d/ qFLIGHT SERVICE STATION (FSS) Air traffic facilities which provide pilot briefing, enroute communications and VFR search and rescue services, assist lost aircraft and aircraft in e... FLIGHT VISIBILITY means the average forward horizontal distance, from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight, at which prominent unlighted objects may be seen and identif... FLIGHTCREW MEMBER means a pilot, flight engineer, or flight navigator assigned to duty in an aircraft during flight time. "Flight level" means a level of constant atmos... FLIGHTLINE Where aircraft are parked between missions. FLIR Forward-Looking Infrared f x/ ]3 V2 Z( ^+ iFLOATS Long, canoe-shaped structures that allow an airplane to land on water. They are not a part of the aircraft structure, but suspended below the fuselage... 6 g4 p% G/ t! ?- y- hFLOS Forward Looking Infra-Red FLOWER an intruder sortie, usually by Mosquitoes, against German night-fighter airfields during bomber operations. FLT Flight 9 r& Z; Y* W0 \FLUTTER A phenomenon whereby the elevator or aileron control surface begins to oscillate violently in flight. This can sometimes cause the surface to break aw... FLUX VALVE A device to measure the earth`s magnetic flux; a compass # m' {2 R r) g9 O" EFLY OVER A position update by flying directly over a known point FLYING BOAT The type of aircraft where the fuselage has the lower portion shaped like a power boat. The plane lands on water directly onto the fuselage. There may... FM Frequency Modulation. This describes the mode of transmission of radio signal from transmitter to receiver. FMCS Flight management computer system.

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FMD Frequency Modulation 3 N$ q- r( t1 [4 m$ h& V1 iFMS Flight Management System FNPT Flight Management System FOCA Federal Office for Civil Aviation (Swiss CAA - see BAZL) FOD Foreign Object Damage T5 Z9 k/ v( X7 G. A/ C/ aFOG Fiber-optic gyro. 5 f2 N- M- ]" y( |' yFORE, FORWARD Towards the front. Used such as: "...the forward edge of the rib...", or as in: "...with fore and aft movement...." $ t0 H( Z- S7 h0 s; \& WFOREIGN AIR CARIER means the carriage by aircraft of persons or property for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, or the operation or navigation of... FOREIGN AIR CARRIER means any person other than a citizen of the United States, who undertakes directly, by lease or other arrangement, to engage in air transportation % f9 P& c5 X* g2 m0 d7 Z/ bFOREIGN AIR TRANSPORTAION means the carriage by aircraft of persons or property as a common carrier for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, in commerce b... FORWARD ELEVATION A control surface used to tilt an airplane up or down and mounted on the front rather than the rear of an airplane. FORWARD-LOOKING INFRARED (FLIR) Sensor equipment used to supplement AGR, extend the aircraft visual search capability and provide position information for guidance and navigation upd... FPA Flight path angle Z; V' d( H" B! p6 j' l+ _FPL Flight Plan (for ATC) : Y1 i3 t/ G/ ?4 q+ H: @FPM Feet Per Minute. Unit of measure, used for ROC or sometimes speed. FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA) The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) allows all U.S. citizens and residents to request any records in possession of the executive branch of the feder... . _6 f' \0 g2 u( I% {' p! A3 tFREIJAGD The use of Bf109s in independent, (usually high altitude), fighter sweeps over southern Britain to divert Fighter Command`s response. FREQUENCY CONTROL The FCC has allowed the 72MHz (72.010 - 72.990) band to be used for R/C aircraft operations. This band is divided up into many different channels in w... FREYA :;; (FuG 221) A series of German early warning long range radars. $ n- ]% r7 P5 Q1 ~, LFSDM feet per minute (vertical speed) 7 n; q, a" B/ m, j6 DFSDO Flight Standard District Office (FAA USA) FSS Flight Service Station FT feet (approx 0.3 Meters) FTD Flight Training Device (lower category "simulator")

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FTO Flight Training Organization (Flight School) FUA Flexible Use of Airspace FUEL The methanol/nitro methane/lubricant mix used to fuel aircraft engines. A helicopter fuel mix has a higher concentration of lubricant to counter the l... # i5 ~8 _; U2 y* n; T8 @FUG (FUNK GER¤T) a series of airborne homing devices used to illuminate MANDREL, MONICA, H2S and ASV. Later modifications permitted their use as search radars for nigh... + L# N: S8 k% M' AFULL DE-ICE Complete anti - and/or de-ice equipment installed on wings, tail, props, and windshield. ( a6 N0 e* M' N( f4 y( N/ [FULL PANEL All gyros necessary for instrument flight. / _5 B; d2 w; }4 E m3 zFUSE Fuselage, main body - Y) p' n9 Q3 p; t( N) ?% TFUSELAGE The body of an airplane. FVS Fliegerische Vor-Schulung 0 _$ @, h/ s( KG Acceleration force unit (1G = Earth Gravity G-H British two-station radio direction finding system used as a bombing aid G/S Glide slope receiver and indicator. G/S SEL Groundspeed select GA Go around GA General Aviation and Aerial Work (all non-commercial civil aviation) ' e/ j- H) T% Y) lGAC General Aviation Center ; E* ]. q( o! _& ^GAFOR General Aviation Forecast (Weather) # J8 e' o" |1 c2 A2 N) GGAIN Gyro sensitivity. When too low, the tail will not hold position well. When too high, the surface being dampened by the gyro will tend to wag, or hunt ... GAL Gallons (usually US 3.78 liter, may be Imperial 4.54 liter) GALLEY On-board meal service equipment. GAMA General Aviation Manufacturers Association (USA) + x: [; R1 s- tGARDENING RAF codeword for mine laying by aircraft GAS DISCHARGE A type of luminescent digital display. GASSER Slang for a aircraft using a gasoline engine as a power plant. GAT General Air Traffic # h. {$ y$ q6 ]2 D W3 fGATT General Agreement on Trade and Taxes GAUSSIAN RADIUS OF CURVATURE Radius of the earth for the best fitting sphere at a given position; Synonyms: earth radius best sphere; Symbols: rho sub G; Typical Units: ft; Dimens... GBAS Ground Based Augmentation System (DGNSS/DGPS/LAAS) 2 ~% S6 ?) N4 V. B, ]6 fGCA Ground Controlled Approach ("Talk-down") ' p1 S6 T7 y- D# p8 k- A6 T% n7 c( aGCI Ground Communication Infrastructure 6 ~7 x* Q( o; K2 f1 MGCLP Guidance control law parameter GCR Ground clutter rejection. GEAR Landing gear, the undercarriage and wheels of an aircraft. & k% R0 l+ [4 Y$ X v4 IGEE RAF navigational aid which could provide the navigator with a fix from pulses transmitted by three ground stations. Range approximately 300 miles. 6 `0 ?8 B- D+ G/ hGEN General

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GENDEC General Declaration Customs Form see full size, download zipped form, GENERAL AVIATION That portion of civil aviation which encompasses all facets of aviation except air carriers holding a certificate of public convenience and necessity ... GENERAL ELECTRIC (GE) Engine Mfr. GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit (Satellite) , H+ o7 {1 u0 D8 GGEOCENTRIC LATITUDE Latitude measured with respect to horizontal through mass center of the earth; Compare: astronomical latitude, geodetic latitude; Symbols: Phi sub C; ... GEODETIC LATITUDE Latitude measured with respect to normal to reference ellipsoid; Compare: astronomical latitude, geocentric latitude; Symbols: Phi sub T; Typical Unit... GESCHWADER Luftwaffe formation approximately equivalent to a Wing, comprising 90-120 aircraft divided into Gruppen, each of 20-30 aircraft. GFT General Flight Test (JAR-FCL) GHZ Gigahertz (1`000 MHz or 1`000`000`000 Hertz) 3 q/ A( e! @- x9 zGIMBALED INERTIAL SENSOR Accelerometers mounted to a platform which is free to rotate, with gyroscopes to measure rotation and servomotors to maintain a fixed attitude with re... 8 ]7 _6 q% C( j' s2 @) GGISELA German intruder operation when the night fighters followed the British bombers back to their bases GLD Glider 1 p3 Q- k6 v. P! S6 f) BGLIDESCOPE Angle approach a runway; Symbols: Gamma; Typical Units: rad, deg; GLITCH Momentary radio problem that never happens unless you are over trees or a swamp. * K t% E t2 L1 p+ V; b* v1 LGLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) A navigation sensor based on satellites; A Global Positioning System (GPS) provides highly accurate navigation data: position, velocity, and time refe... GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (Russian GNSS) GLOW FUEL A Methanol based fuel, with a lubricating agent, used in most aircraft engines. Most aircraft fuels also use a percentage of nitro methane. GLOW HEATER This is the plug that is used to help ignite the fuel in a aircraft engine. The combustion of the fuel in the engine keeps the element hot between cyc... GLS GPS Landing System GLU GNSS landing unit. Provides precision GPS guidance to the runway in Category III operations. ) E" V K' h" O- l# Z7 G( |GM-P10 GM=Morocco, P10=Prohibited Area No. 10. GND Ground

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GNSS Global navigation satellite system. 1 G( X' x" w0 @0 y( R- YGO AROUND (GA) A basic guidance mode, providing lateral guidance, longitudinal guidance and vertical guidance to climb then to accelerate, while maintaining a wings-... GOLD CROWN Trade name owned by King Radio Corp. 1 A, L4 S- g4 m' nGPA Groupe Parlementaire pour l`Aviation : M9 u) z7 \7 J9 U# G" DGPADIRS Global positioning, air data, inertial reference system. GPH Gallons (US) per hour GPS Global positioning system GPS-DNS Global Positioning System ( c C4 H f9 vGPS-INS GPS using INS 3 v. T# l( N# A9 r) fGPWS Ground Proximity Warning System GRAS Ground Proximity Warning System 0 s& C7 t5 s+ B- s; ^8 dGRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION Acceleration caused by the force of gravity; Symbols: g; Typical Units: ft/s-squared, g; Dimensions: Length / Time-squared; $ O7 w1 j2 \- j$ g3 x4 q2 c9 L# VGRAVITY Force exerted by gravity; gravity sometimes includes effects of the earth`s rotation; gravity is often treated as a constant, but for greater accuracy... 2 j4 F. e0 C" g1 e7 l8 zGRID NORTH Standard aviation term. GRIVATION Symbols: nu sub g ; Typical Units: rad, deg; GROSS-BATTERIEN Large batteries of German anti-aircraft guns. & f4 k% I4 L" A2 LGROUND AIR A/C unit to cool aircraft while on the ground. GROUND EFFECT The cushion of air that the aircraft rides on when close to the ground. This will decrease the amount of elevator needed to maintain a constant altitu... GROUND GROCER A jamming device used to interfere with FuG 202 and 212 AI radar GROUND SPEED The speed of an aircraft relative to the surface of the earth. GROUND TRACK ANGLE (GTA) Direction of ground speed vector with respect to true north; Synonyms: true track; Symbols: eta; Typical Units: rad, deg; ; C: q- D1 V, h$ _/ Z$ P" pGROUND VISIBILITY prevailing horizontal visibility near the earth`s surface as reported by the United States National Weather Service or an accredited observer GROUNDSPEED The speed over the ground; earth speed projected to a horizontal plane; Symbols: V sub g; Typical Units: kt, ft/s; Dimensions: Length / Time; GROUNDSPEED SELECT (G/S SEL) A basic guidance mode, providing longitudinal guidance to an operator selected groundspeed; GRUPPE subdivision of a geshwader, each group having 20-30 aircraft assigned , g# j2 d' f% d0 M3 T2 O0 YGS Groundspeed. @6 V: V. I4 }& H, F; g C' `5 K3 AGSC Ground Speed & W/ q5 W+ S0 f9 k. Q: n8 T' mGSM General Standard for Mobile Communication (Mobile phones) GTA Ground track angle / `3 i: H/ F0 J; w, f3 K) t+ JGTWO Gross Take off Weight 9 i) U6 [; C V1 ^. P' r# C, qGUIDANCE System, usually software, that determines state errors of desired state minus current state, typically three states: heading, altitude, and speed; 6 ^$ p$ R$ q$ t6 u! nGUIDANCE CONTROL PARAMETER (GCLP) One of several parameters for the guidance control laws, generated by individual guidance modes; See Also: altitude error scale factor, altitude integ... + _, V7 ]+ N) eGUSTAV Nickname for the Bf109G

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GYRO A mechanical or electronic device which helps to stabilize the orientation of the aircraft by sensing rotation, and moving the appropriate servo to co... GYRODYNE a rotorcraft whose rotors are normally engine-driven for takeoff, hovering, and landing, and for forward flight through part of its speed range, and w... GYROPLANE A rotorcraft whose rotors are not engine-driven, except for initial starting, but are made to rotate by action of the air when the rotorcraft is movin... : N/ z2 ?7 S% R9 ]" b- t# P: [, rGYROSCOPE (GYRO) An inertial device for measuring change of attitude (pitch rate, roll rate, and yaw rate); gyroscopes usually consist of a gimbled, rotating mass; gyr... 3 r# x1 y, y5 }) }1 E+ mH Helicopter (JAR-FCL) H24 Operating 24 hours H2S ? % v; h& p: p, T; Q8 ?HACK An aircraft used for communications or recreational purposes. ( y# _- {) G8 i. [; I d/ B' ]HAPPY VALLEY ; RAF nickname for the Ruhr industrial area. 5 p! t* m( Q/ O! PHB- Swiss nationality marks for aircraft registration ; m0 ^5 U( G* W9 `HDG Heading HDG SEL Heading select & r( T1 S5 p. S" u! n9 T6 iHEADER TANK This is a small fuel tank used in line between the main tank and the carburetor. The purpose of the header tank is to ensure that the fuel fed to the ... ) K0 Z( U C0 nHEADING Direction on a compass that aircraft is pointed, measured with respect to true north or magnetic north; Symbols: psi; Typical Units: rad, deg; / Y, Q6 [0 E' i9 i N, ?0 ]: I. I% eHEADING ERROR A basic output from guidance to flight director, indicating the difference between actual heading and desired heading; Symbols: DELTA psi; Typical Uni... , Y1 j R/ N( v) ]' A- Y5 lHEADING HOLD This describes a type of Gyro which senses rotation, and maintains direction. This is accomplished by sensing the rate of motion, and the time of moti... ( m8 R3 |: z V- n t+ wHEADING LOCK Slang term for Heading Hold Gyro. ( d) G8 m+ H1 {2 VHEADING SELECT (HDG SEL) A basic guidance mode, providing lateral guidance to an operator selected heading (magnetic heading or true heading, again, operator selectable); 2 o# [% d& n- k, g+ P. Z& wHEALTH Equipment status HEINRICH German transmitter introduced to jam GEE. HEL Helicopter HELICOPTER A rotorcraft that, for its horizontal motion, depends principally on its engine-driven rotors. - n0 B8 P5 n) nHELIPORT an area of land, water, or structure used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of helicopters HELLE NACHTJAGD ILLUMINATED NIGHT HUNT; German night fighter system backed by searchlights HEO High Earth Orbit HERTZ (HZ) Cycles per second, used to describe radio frequencies; usually with the prefix k for kilo (one thousand), M for mega (one million) or G for giga (one ... HF High Frequency radio equipment. HF COM High Frequency Communication. 7 D8 S9 Z! n7 F* a' FHG High Frequency HIGE Hover In Ground Effect HIGH-PASS FILTER (HPF) A filter that allows frequencies above a cutoff frequency to pass while attenuating frequencies below the cutoff frequency; ) n2 U: a! E) _" c- NHIMMELBETT FOUR POSTER BED; German radar-backed night fighter system. ( U4 ~+ J% l$ K/ J5 I! AHIRF High intensity radiated field. HIRL High Intensity Runway Lights 0 ]5 S9 E: y4 b6 [" KHIS Horizontal Situation Indicator ! `) Y& g7 E! Q- I0 I& qHIT (OR TO BE HIT) Sudden radio interference which causes your aircraft to fly in an erratic manner. Most often caused by someone turning on a radio that is on your freq... HITS Highway In The Sky (Flight/NAV display concept) 0 k) ~, r2 p. zHJ Operating hours during daylight

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HMI Human Machine Interface HOGE Hover Out of Ground Effect + D7 I ?$ g9 I2 EHOL Holidays (MON-TUE-WED-THU-FRI-SAT-SUN-HOL) HOLD To maintain some aspect (s) of aircraft state, such as heading, airspeed, altitude, pitch HOOK In the US Navy, a target cursor; HORIZONTAL STABILIZER (STAB) The horizontal tail surface at the back of the fuselage which provides aerodynamic pitch stability to the airplane. ! A/ _* L1 g! W8 k# H+ yHOT START An engine which has been running will tend to remain hot for a short time. During this period, it is possible to restart the engine by turning the cra... HOUGH A standard model for computing earth data 7 y6 H1 \; ?0 i5 ] i- gHOURS FLOWN The airborne hours in domestic and international scheduled and non-scheduled revenue service, computed from the moment an aircraft leaves the ground u... HOVER The art of flying without moving. This can also be an illusion, depending on wind speed. For airplanes, this is a 3D maneuver also known as a "hanger"... HOVER HOLD (HVR SYM) A basic guidance mode, providing lateral guidance and longitudinal guidance to maintain an operator selected north velocity and east velocity; if the ... % q* \( M8 _7 A' ?- J' M* g7 a9 ] gHP Horsepower 2 p1 d1 O% d) P4 l* p: y1 QHPA High-power amplifier. ( N+ ^9 w8 V3 A8 `$ Z+ `! B1 r- o5 d% BHPF High-pass filter , f" l3 |# ]/ ]% K! r& M5 kHQ Horsepower 7 T/ Y; ?0 Y( x) a' F7 j# iHUD Heads-up display HVR SYM Hover hold - \* X/ ]6 u$ }HX Head-Up Display ! E0 X% [ ?/ u% q WHYDRAULIC LOCK Hydraulic lock happens when the engine becomes flooded with fuel, to the point where the piston cannot compress it in the combustion chamber. This can... HYSTERESIS A function in which the algorithm for computing output changes at defined events or thresholds, such that output follows one path as input increases a... & G8 ^$ P0 l7 G2 D EIACA International Air Charter Association IAF Initial Approach Fix IAOPA International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations - I. z$ G1 H, R! yIAOPA-EUR IAOPA European Region IAS Indicated airspeed 0 v' K7 M" n: \IAS-TFB Indicated Air Speed IATA International Air Transport Association , z8 i6 ]9 X+ C- `2 I) r8 F' o! UIAWP Initial Approach Waypoint IBC Ils Back Course IBIT Initiated built-in-test IC Interrogator Codes (II and SI codes) ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization (a UN-Suborganisation) ) K! h5 m8 {, ?! Q1 q2 T# RICD Interface Control Document ID Identification / ^0 v! k N8 p6 R2 bIDL Interface Definition Language * n! J6 \& w1 X9 ], p d6 BIDLE THRUST the jet thrust obtained with the engine power control level set at the stop for the least thrust position at which it can be placed

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IDS Infrared Detecting Set IFF IDENTIFICATION FRIEND OR FOE. Equipment carried by aircraft of both sides which issued a signal identifying it as friendly. IFPS Integrated Flight plan Processing System of Euro control IFPUV IFPS Validation System (offline Route Verification by Internet) IFR Instrument Flight Rules ("all" weather operations rules) IG (al) Imperial Gallon (4,54 Liter) IFR AIRCRAFT/IFR FLIGHT An aircraft conducting flight in accordance with instrument flight rules. % e' \4 N! [( T+ x5 EIFR CONDITIONS weather conditions below the minimum for flight under visual flight rules 6 X3 i0 Y' Q) j$ ?) i, A- ^: I3 B# TIFR OVER-THE-TOP with respect to the operation of aircraft, means the operation of an aircraft over-the-top on an IFR flight plan when cleared by air traffic control t... 7 |# G2 V {7 h7 {" \) CII Interrogator Identity (Code) - (Mode S Transponder) IINTERSTATE AIR COMMERCE the carriage by aircraft of persons or property for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, or the operation or navigation of aircr... ILS Instrument Landing System. A precision instrument approach system, generally used to land at fields experiencing weather. ILS APPROACH Instrument Landing System ILS BACK COURSE (IBC) Operation of ILS in which the runway is approached in reverse direction, giving only lateral guidance; Compare: ILS Front Course; ILS FRONT COURSE Operation of ILS in which the runway is approached in forward direction, giving lateral, longitudinal, and vertical guidance; sometimes called ILS Com... IM Instrument Landing System ' q' v3 B+ t. l7 h, LIMC Instrument Meteo Conditions (weather requiring IFR flight) IMMELMANN A maneuver originally used to reverse direction in combat. The airplane noses up and over onto its back. It then rolls upright and continues in the di... + f. W& p5 P4 A' I r0 [- CIN inch + k3 W3 H: S5 `& O2 hIN-LINE ENGINE An engine in which the cylinders are mounted in a straight line or else in two, connected at an angle. INCIDENCE The angle of one portion of a aircraft when compared to another portion of the aircraft. For example, if the stabilizer is perfectly parallel to the g... INCIDENCE METER Used to measure the angle of attack of an airfoil, can be used to measure blade pitch, or paddle pitch. 4 w3 y: s& ?. Y1 O, B' bINCIDENT An occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations. 9 e0 o( l# W5 \; N. F7 o2 m P* s1 FINDICATED AIRSPEED "" means the speed of an aircraft as shown on its pitot static airspeed indicator calibrated to reflect standard atmosphere adiabatic compressible flo... INDICATED AIRSPEED (IAS) The speed of an aircraft as shown on its pitot static airspeed indicator calibrated to reflect standard atmosphere adiabatic compressible flow at sea ... $ m( \7 w$ M$ V7 L! jINDICATED ALTITUDE The altitude as shown by an altimeter. 1 O/ \- _ n0 X! l: IINERTIAL Based on inertia, such as with an INS or an AHRS 9 ^3 b3 D# X* ~8 L* \INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM (INS) A totally self-contained system which requires no information from outside references. Provides aircraft position and navigation information in respon... - N: T+ u0 {5 P8 c. vINERTIAL NAVIGATION UNIT (INU) A self-contained Inertial Navigation System; " k1 u. j) [3 vINFRARED DETECTING SET (IDS) Forward-Looking Infrared;

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INHG inches of Mercury (unit of pressure) ! ~+ K A( ^) b8 D8 T, OINITIALIZATION A basic control to a data source from controls and displays for initializing a device. Initiated by power-on, operator, driver, or MC; During initiali... INITIATED BUILT-IN-TEST (IBIT) Self tests running internal to a device initiated external to the device, usually an operator, causing the device to temporarily cease normal operatio... INNER MARKER Innermost marker beacon on an ILS + { Z1 y8 u6 M" j$ W0 QINS Inertial Navigation System ( G6 Z$ _& _, H# TINSTRUMENT means a device using an internal mechanism to show visually or aurally the attitude, altitude, or operation of an aircraft or aircraft part INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULE (IFR) A set of rules governing the conduct of flight under instrument meteorological conditions. : k4 `4 g) ~, V* U7 e; y7 iINSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS) Inertial Navigation System INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS(IMC) Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from clouds, and ceiling less than minima specified for visual meteorological con... INSTRUMENT OPERATIONS Arrivals or departures of an aircraft in accordance with an IFR flight plan or special VFR procedures or an operation where IFR separation between air... INSTRUMENTATION Hardware to measure and to monitor a system INT Interior INTAKE An air inlet on an aircraft. You can have a carburetor intake, cooling intake, air conditioning intake (on full-size aircraft), and so on. Named becau... INTEGRATE To combine multiple systems; Also, to compute to integral of; U. x( j1 b$ M1 O$ E5 wINTEGRATED AVIONICS COMPUTER(IAC) Central processor of a Honeywell integrated cockpit system. INTEGRATED AVIONICS PROCESSINGSYSTEM (IAPS) Central processor of a colins integrated cockpit system 4 m8 c8 Z& z: K m# d# T7 [7 B$ cINTEGRATOR A function that integrates; Many types of integrators exist; in fact, they constitute entire books. Avionics software usually relies on rectangular, s... INTERNATIONAL A standard model for computing earth data " g0 S5 F2 t1 U: LINTERPOLATE Function to determine intermediate values from two or values in a table; usually linear but can be higher order; endpoints are either extrapolated or ... INTERROGATION A request of data ' W) |! [$ V+ S& IINTERSTATE AIR TRANSPORTATION means the carriage by aircraft of persons or property as a common carrier for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft in commerce: (... INTLIM Path integral limit # ^. c2 G$ R8 m# b+ nINTMAGLIM Altitude integral limit INTRASTATE AIR TRANSPORTATION means the carriage of persons or property as a common carrier for compensation or hire, by turbojet-powered aircraft capable of carrying thirty or mor... INTVAL Path integral value 5 C, z0 l& H1 v# m% _6 \* tINU Inertial Navigation Unit + A; G0 ^# O2 x6 M' ?! Q6 dINVALID An indication that data from a device is bad and cannot be trusted INVERTED Flying upside down. Note that elevator and rudder seem to work backward from the ground, as elevator, aileron and rudder inputs are all based upon the... . {( A4 s: O& m c3 fIPG Inertial Navigation System . Z0 [; T* B- ~IPPL National (ICAO) Private Pilots License (AOPA internal abbreviation) IR Instrument Rating IRE Instrument Rating Examiner

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ISA ICAO Standard Atmosphere ' j# q3 c# W6 B7 j; v* ?; \ITC Investment tax credit. 0 `) J' ]& J( q; o, w5 jITU International Telephone Union, refers to certain HF channels. & u7 L$ P8 Q6 c7 g$ iITW Initial Training Wing (Ground School) IVSI Instantaneous vertical speed indicator. JAA Joint Aviation Authorities (CAA of Europe) JABO (JAGDBOMBER) Bf 109s converted to carry 250Kg bombs and carry out nuisance raids. A very effective tactic. % ?4 H; @' l3 O1 NJAGD GESCHWADER Luftwaffe day fighters $ l0 b; k( g1 g7 l) iJAGDSCHLOSS Rotating long range early warning radar # n. J+ F- c) Z' y$ x5 W+ z2 Z1 G( QJAR Joint Aviation Recommendation (as used in some JAA documents, reported false!) JAR-1 JAR on Definitions and abbreviations : Q5 X2 s: ~/ M6 Q; T9 ~5 fJAR-145 JAR on Approved Maintenance Organizations JAR-147 JAR on Maintenance Training & g0 d/ F1 v: F; y0 A. L6 qJAR-22 JAR on Sailplanes and Powered Sailplanes JAR-25 JAR on Large Airplanes ' u/ P6 j. K6 \4 L, a fJAR-36 JAR on Aircraft Noise 3 n5 ]* @) D' ~. ]1 b' M/ ?JAR-APU JAR on Auxiliary Power Units JAR-AWO JAR on All Weather Operations JAR-E JAR on Engines JAR-FCL JAR on Flight Crew Licensing 5 J+ k0 L2 w& v& }* ?. l# qJAR-MED JAR on Medical JAR-OPS JAR on Flight Operations JAR-P JAR on Propellers $ ^+ ^2 {% H, \+ v; yJAR-TSO JAR on Technical Standard Orders JAR-VLA JAR on Very Light Airplanes