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“为了确定在不影响安全 的情况下哪种色觉缺陷可以被 接受，仍需做大量的工作”， Ｊ Ａ Ａ在它的《民用航空药剂 手册》（Manual of Civil Aviation Medicine） 中提到。归根结底，这项工作 有助于决定哪种色觉测试能 “有效的将申请人区分为‘颜 色安全’和‘颜色不完全’两 组”。11 注释： 1. ICAO. Manual of Civil Aviation Medicine. Part III, “Medical Assessment,” Section 11.8, “Color Vision.” Preliminary unedited version, October 2008. 2. American Optometric Association. Color Vision Defi ciency. aoa.org/x4702.sml>. 3. Mayo Clinic. Poor Color Vision.
poor-color-vision/ DS00233/>. 4. ICAO. 5. A similar requirement is included in a proposal under consideration b y t h e E u r opean Aviation S a f e t y Agency. 6. E v a n s , A n t h o n y D . B . ; B a r b u r, J o h n L. “C o l o u r V i s i o n Standards in Aviation.” ADF Health Volume 6 (October 2005): 62– 66. 7. JAA. Joint Aviation Requirements, Flight Crew Licensing — Medical. Section 1, “Re-quirements,” Item 3.225 “Colour Percep-tion.” Dec. 1, 2006. 8. Pape, Arthur. The Aviation Colour Percep-tion Standard. Association Colours in Cockpit Web site, vfcev.de/content/ eng-index.html>. 9. In its response to two NTSB safety recom-mendations, the FAA said that, in addition to the Federal Express crash in Tallahassee, it had identified two other accidents involving pilots with valid medical qualifications in which a color vision deficiency was cited as a contributing cause. One was an Aug. 29, 1992, incident in which the pilot of a Mooney 20F with “a waiver for partial color blindness to red and green” landed on a closed runway that was marked with orange crosses in the dirt 50 ft (15 m) beyond each end. The pilot’s “limited ability to detect the orangecolored marking” was cited as a contributing factor, along with his anxiety following a nearmidair collision that preceded the landing. The other incident involved a Navy F4J lost on Aug. 5, 1980, “when a severely color deficient pilot failed to interpret correctly the colored navigation lights of other aircraft in the area, leading to the false impression of a collision.” 10. NTSB. Collision With Trees on Final Ap-proach: Federal Express Flight 1478; Boeing 727-232, N497FE; Tallahassee, Florida; July 26, 2002, Report NTSB/AAR-04/02. 11. JAA. Manual of Civil Aviation Medicine. Chapter 13 “Aviation Ophthalmology,” Section 10 “Colour Vision.” Feb. 1, 2005. | 
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